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  ?रुड़की
Roorkee
Uttarakhand • India
Map indicating the location of Roorkee
Thumbnail map of India with Uttarakhand highlighted
Location of Roorkee
Coordinates: 29°52′N 77°53′E / 29.87, 77.88
Time zone IST (UTC+5:30)
Area
• Elevation
• 274 m (899 ft)
Distance(s)
• From New Delhi
• 168 km SSW
District(s) Haridwar
Population 140 000 (2001)
Codes
• Pincode
• Telephone
• Vehicle
• 247667
• +91 1332
• UK 08
Website: http://210.212.78.56/roorkee/English/indexvisitor.html

Coordinates: 29°52′N 77°53′E / 29.87, 77.88

Roorkee (Hindi: रुड़की) is a town and a Municipal council in Haridwar District in the Indian state of Uttarakhand. Uttarakhand ( Hindi: उत्तराखण्ड or उत्तराखंड Uttar + Akhand i India, officially the Republic of India (भारत गणराज्य inc-Latn Bhārat Gaṇarājya; see also other Indian languages) is a country A geographic coordinate system enables every location on the Earth to be specified in three coordinates using mainly a spherical coordinate system. Indian Standard Time ( IST) is the time observed throughout India and Sri Lanka, with a Time offset of UTC+530. UTC+530 is the Timezone for Indian Standard Time Sri Lanka Time The geography of India is diverse with landscape ranging from snow-capped mountain ranges to deserts plains rainforests hills and plateaus The elevation of a Geographic location is its height above a fixed reference point often the mean sea level. New Delhi (नई दिल्ली ਨਵੀਂ ਦਿੱਲੀ نئی دلی is the Capital city of India. A district is an administrative division of an Indian state or territory. WikipediaWikiProject Indian cities for details --> Haridwar (हरिद्वार is a district of Uttarakhand state India. In Biology a population is the collection of inter-breeding organisms of a particular Species; in Sociology Year 2001 ( MMI) was a Common year starting on Monday according to the Gregorian calendar. A Postal Index Number or PIN or Pincode is the post office numbering or Post code system used by India Post the Indian Postal For the past decade or so telecommunication activities have gained momentum in India KA-19-P-8488jpg|thumb|270px|Close up of a licence plate used in Mangalore, Karnataka. A geographic coordinate system enables every location on the Earth to be specified in three coordinates using mainly a spherical coordinate system. Hindi ( Devanāgarī: hi [[wiktहिन्दी हिन्दी]] or hi [[wiktहिंदी हिंदी]] IAST:, IPA:) is A municipal council is the Local government of a Municipality. WikipediaWikiProject Indian cities for details --> Haridwar (हरिद्वार is a district of Uttarakhand state India. India, officially the Republic of India (भारत गणराज्य inc-Latn Bhārat Gaṇarājya; see also other Indian languages) is a country India is a union of states comprising twenty-eight states and seven union territories. Uttarakhand ( Hindi: उत्तराखण्ड or उत्तराखंड Uttar + Akhand i

It is located on the banks of the Ganga canal on the National highway-58 between Delhi and Manna Pass, at a distance of 30 km from the Hindu pilgrimage city of Haridwar. The Ganga Canal is a Canal system that irrigates the Doab region between the Ganges River and the Yamuna River in India. WikipediaWikiProject Indian cities for details --> Haridwar (also spelled Hardwar Hindi: हरिद्वार भारत) is a holy city and

Contents

Etymology

Roorkee derives its name from Ruri, the wife of a Rajput tribal chieftain, and earlier it was even spelled as 'urki' [1]

History

Roorkee was the capital of a Moghul Mahal (similar to a present day Pargana) during the time of Akbar, as is referred in Ain-e-Akbari, authored by Abul Fazal [2]. Rajput constitute one of the major Hindu Kshatriya groups from India The Mughal Empire ( Persian and self-designation گورکانی; مغلیہ سلطنت) was an Islamic imperial power which ruled most Akbar redirects here For other uses see Akbar (disambiguation Jalaluddin Muhammad Akbar ( Jalāl ud-Dīn Muhammad Akbar The Ain-i-Akbari or the "Institutes of Akbar" is a 16th century detailed document recording the administration of emperor Akbar 's empire written by his Vizier

During the 18th century, it came under the rule of Landaura state, till the death of its Gujjar king, Raja Ramdaval in 1813 [1] and later, became a part of the the territories of the British East India Company. WikipediaWikiProject Indian cities for details --> Landhaura (Hindi लन्दौरा is a town and a Nagar panchayat in Hardwar district The Gujjar ( Hindi: गुज्जर Urdu: گجر or Gurjar (Hindi गुर्जर Urdu گُرجر are an ethnic group in India and The Honourable East India Company ( HEIC) referred to most commonly as the East India Company, also historically and colloquially as John Company, or

Before 1840s, when the work on the Ganga Canal began under the aegis of Proby Cautley, an officer in British Army, it was a mere mud built village on the banks of the hill torrent, named Solani [3]. The Ganga Canal is a Canal system that irrigates the Doab region between the Ganges River and the Yamuna River in India. Sir Proby Thomas Cautley KCB ( 1802 - January 25, 1871) English Engineer and Palaeontologist, born in Suffolk Digging work on the Upper Ganga Canal formally began in April 1842 [2], and soon this village started developing into a city. The canal was formally opened in April 8, 1854 [2], irrigating over 767,000 acres (3,100 km²) in 5,000 villages.

Another factor that contributed to the city's rapid growth was the inception of the 'Roorkee College', which has its origin in the training classes started in 1845 [3] to train local youth to assist in the civil engineering works in the making of the Upper Ganga Canal [4]. On November 25 1847, the college was formally constituted, through a proposal by the Sir James Thomason, Lt. Governor of North Western Province (1843-53) [3], and after his death in 1953 , the college was rechristened as 'Thomason College of Civil Engineering'. The college later upgraded to University of Roorkee in 1949, and on September 21, 2001, through an Act of Indian parliament, it was made one of Indian Institutes of Technology, IIT Roorkee[5]. University of Roorkee was the first Engineering university in India The Indian Institutes of Technology (IITs, are a group of fourteen autonomous Engineering and Technology -oriented institutes of Higher education established The Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee ( IIT Roorkee) is located in Roorkee, a township in Uttarakhand, India.

The municipality of Roorkee was created in 1868 [3], when it was already home to the Bengal Sappers and Miners since 1853, and two artillery units were stationed here [3]. The Bengal Engineer Group (BEG or the Bengal Sappers are a regiment of the Corps of Engineers of the Indian Army which draw their origin from the erstwhile Bengal Presidency Today, it has a large army base with headquarters for Bengal Engineering Group and Centre (BEG&C), also known as Bengal Sappers, established in 1803. The Bengal Engineer Group (BEG or the Bengal Sappers are a regiment of the Corps of Engineers of the Indian Army which draw their origin from the erstwhile Bengal Presidency

Later in 1901, when the city had a population of 17,197, it was made headquarters of the Roorkee Tehsil, in Saharanpur district of the United Province of the British Raj; the tehsil included in it 426 villages (of the parganas of Jwalapur, Manglaur and Bhagwanpur) and six towns, most important among them being Haridwar and Manglaur. A tehsil ( Urdu: تحصیل) (or tahsil, tahasil, taluka, taluk, taluq, mandal) is an Administrative division WikipediaWikiProject Indian cities for details --> Saharanpur ( Hindi: सहारनपुर Urdu: ????? ??? is a city and a Municipal The United Provinces of Agra and Oudh, more commonly the United Provinces, was a Province of British India, which existed from 1902 to 1947 For usage see British rule in India British Raj ( rāj, lit "reign" in Hindustani) primarily refers to the British WikipediaWikiProject Indian cities for details --> Manglaur (Hindi मंगलौर is a city and a Municipal board in Hardwar district in WikipediaWikiProject Indian cities for details --> Haridwar (also spelled Hardwar Hindi: हरिद्वार भारत) is a holy city and WikipediaWikiProject Indian cities for details --> Manglaur (Hindi मंगलौर is a city and a Municipal board in Hardwar district in [2].

Dargah of Alauddin Sabir Kaliyari also known as Sarkar Sabir Pak in Piran Kaliyar near Roorkee.
Dargah of Alauddin Sabir Kaliyari also known as Sarkar Sabir Pak in Piran Kaliyar near Roorkee. Alauddin Ali Ahmed Kaliyari also known as Sabir Kaliyari (The Patient Saint of Kaliyar was a prominent South Asian Sufi Saint of Chishti Order in 13th century a Hazrat Alaudin Ali Ahmad As-Sabir (RA was an Islamic Sufi He was in the Chisti Silsila of Khawaja Gharib Nawaz Ajmeri


Roorkee is also famous for the shrine of 13th century, Sufi saint Alauddin Sabir Kaliyari - the dargah is also known as Sarkar Sabir Pak - situated in Piran Kaliyar town, where an annual 15-day spiritual fair (Urs) is held in his honour. Alauddin Ali Ahmed Kaliyari also known as Sabir Kaliyari (The Patient Saint of Kaliyar was a prominent South Asian Sufi Saint of Chishti Order in 13th century a A dargah ( درگه) is a Sufi Shrine built over the grave of a revered religious figure often a Sufi Saint. Hazrat Alaudin Ali Ahmad As-Sabir (RA was an Islamic Sufi He was in the Chisti Silsila of Khawaja Gharib Nawaz Ajmeri Urs ( Arabic: عرس) is the death anniversary of a Sufi saint in South Asia, usually held at the saint's Dargah (shrine or tomb

Roorkee has many firsts in Indian history to its credit:

Geography

Roorkee is 172 km north of the Indian capital New Delhi and located between the rivers Ganga and Yamuna, close to the foot hills of Himalayas. Year 1913 ( MCMXIII) was a Common year starting on Wednesday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common WikipediaWikiProject Indian cities for details --> Bahadrabad ( Hindi: बहादराबाद is a intermediate Village Panchayat in the New Delhi (नई दिल्ली ਨਵੀਂ ਦਿੱਲੀ نئی دلی is the Capital city of India. The Ganges (ˈgænʤiːz also Ganga, Devanāgarī: hi गंगा in most Indian languages) is the major river in the Indian subcontinent For the goddess of the river who is sometimes called Yamuna see Yami The Yamuna (Sanskrit यमुना Before the creation of Uttarakhand on November 9 2000 [9], Roorkee was a part of the state of Uttar Pradesh. Uttarakhand ( Hindi: उत्तराखण्ड or उत्तराखंड Uttar + Akhand i Uttar Pradesh (उत्तर प्रदेश اتر پردیش pronounced, Translation: Northern Province) referred to as '''U

Transport

Roorkee comes under Northern Railway region of Indian Railways and is connected to major Indian cities.

The nearest airport is Jolly Grant Airport in Dehradun, though the preferred one is Indira Gandhi International Airport in New Delhi. Jolly Grant Airport, also known as Dehradun Airport, is an airport serving Dehradun, Uttarakhand, India. Dehradun (देहरादून, also sometimes spelled Dehra Doon, is the capital city of the state of Uttarakhand (earlier called Uttaranchal Indira Gandhi International Airport ( Hindi: इंदिरा गांधी अंतरराष्ट्रीय हवाई अड्डा is an Airport New Delhi (नई दिल्ली ਨਵੀਂ ਦਿੱਲੀ نئی دلی is the Capital city of India.

Roorkee's major neighbour-cities are Dehradun, Ambala, Chandigarh, Meerut, Haridwar, Saharanpur and Rishikesh. Dehradun (देहरादून, also sometimes spelled Dehra Doon, is the capital city of the state of Uttarakhand (earlier called Uttaranchal WikipediaWikiProject Indian cities for details --> Ambala ( Hindi: अम्बाला Punjabi ਅੰਬਾਲਾ) is a city and a Chandigarh ( ਚੰਡੀਗੜ੍ਹ, चंडीगढ़) also called The City Beautiful Meerut ( Hindi: मेरठ Urdu: میرٹھ is a city and a Municipal corporation in Meerut district in the Indian WikipediaWikiProject Indian cities for details --> Haridwar (also spelled Hardwar Hindi: हरिद्वार भारत) is a holy city and WikipediaWikiProject Indian cities for details --> Saharanpur ( Hindi: सहारनपुर Urdu: ????? ??? is a city and a Municipal WikipediaWikiProject Indian cities for details --> Hrishikesh (ऋषिकेश is a city and a Municipal board in Dehradun district in The National Highway NH58 (Delhi-Haridwar-Mana Pass) and NH73 (Panchkula/Chandigarh - Yamuna Nagar - Roorkee) pass through the heart of the city.

Demographics

As of 2001 India census[10], Roorkee had a population of 140,000. A census is the procedure of acquiring information about every member of a given population Males constituted 53% of the population and females 47%. Roorkee has an average literacy rate of 77%, higher than the national average of 64%: male literacy is 92%, and female literacy is 72%. 11% of the population is under 6 years of age.

With a population of about 140,000 inhabitants, it is the third largest Municipal Council in the state of Uttarakhand, after Haridwar & Haldwani. WikipediaWikiProject Indian cities for details --> Haridwar (also spelled Hardwar Hindi: हरिद्वार भारत) is a holy city and WikipediaWikiProject Indian cities for details --> Haldwani (हल्द्वानी is a city which along with its twin township of Kathgodam

Languages spoken are Hindi, Urdu, English and Punjabi. Hindi ( Devanāgarī: hi [[wiktहिन्दी हिन्दी]] or hi [[wiktहिंदी हिंदी]] IAST:, IPA:) is Urdu ( ur '''{{Nastaliq اردو}}''' trans Urdū, historically spelled Ordu) is a Central Indo-Aryan language Urdu is a standardised English is a West Germanic language originating in England and is the First language for most people in the United Kingdom, the United States Punjabi (pa ਪੰਜਾਬੀ in Gurmukhi script pa-PK {{Nastaliq پنجابی}} in Shahmukhi script Pañjābī in Transliteration) is an

Education in Roorkee

Roorkee is a well known centre of education and research. It is best known for Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee (formerly University of Roorkee and originally the Thomason College of Civil Engineering). The Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee ( IIT Roorkee) is located in Roorkee, a township in Uttarakhand, India. University of Roorkee was the first Engineering university in India

The Punjab Engineering College, Chandigarh started its operations in India, from a single room in the main building of erstwhile 'Thomason College of Civil Engineering', when it shifted to India from Lahore in Pakistan after the Partition of India in 1947; it continued to operate from the premises in Roorkee, till 1954, when it shifted to its present premises in Chandigarh. Chandigarh ( ਚੰਡੀਗੜ੍ਹ, चंडीगढ़) also called The City Beautiful ( lahor is the capital of the Pakistani province of Punjab and is the second largest city in Pakistan after Karachi. Pakistan () officially the Islamic Republic of Pakistan, is a country located in South Asia, Southwest Asia, Middle East and The Partition of India was the partition of the British Indian Empire which led to the creation on August 14, 1947 and August 15,

Roorkee is also home to several government research institutes: Central Building Research Institute (CBRI), Irrigation Research Institute (IRI), Irrigation Design Organization (IDO) and National Institute of Hydrology (NIH) [1].

With the availability of numerous schools, colleges and institutions for higher education and professional degrees, students come for enrollment from all over India and abroad. In addition to the university, the notable colleges and schools in Roorkee are:

Indian Institute Of Technology

Colleges

Schools

Important areas of the city

Roorkee has expanded considerably in recent times. At present, the city's posh residential areas include: Civil-lines Residential area, Bhagirathi Kunj, Solani Puram, Adarsh Nagar, Niti Nagar, Ram Nagar, New Avas Vikas township, Salman Colony, New Nehru Nagar, Defence Colony, Akashdeep Enclave, Colonel's Enclave, Ganga Enclave,Maktulpuri etc.

Main commercial areas are: Civil-lines Market, Jadugar Road, Neher Kinara (Canal View Road), B. T. Ganj, Chaw Mandi, Railway Road, Delhi Road etc.



References

  1. ^ a b c History Official website.
  2. ^ a b c d Roorkee Town The Imperial Gazetteer of India, v. The Imperial Gazetteer of India prepared by Sir William Wilson Hunter from 1881 onwards is an important historical reference book 21, p. 324.
  3. ^ a b c d e f Roorkee Town2 The Imperial Gazetteer of India, v. The Imperial Gazetteer of India prepared by Sir William Wilson Hunter from 1881 onwards is an important historical reference book 21, p. 325.
  4. ^ Indian Engineering Colleges The Imperial Gazetteer of India, 1909, v. The Imperial Gazetteer of India prepared by Sir William Wilson Hunter from 1881 onwards is an important historical reference book 4, p. 321.
  5. ^ IIT Roorkee Official website.
  6. ^ First train ran between Roorkee and Piran Kaliyar The Hindu, Aug 10, 2002. The Hindu is a single-edition English-language Indian newspaper
  7. ^ Irrigation and Navigation Imperial Gazetteer of India, 1909 v. The Imperial Gazetteer of India prepared by Sir William Wilson Hunter from 1881 onwards is an important historical reference book 3, p. 341.
  8. ^ UP IRRIGATION DEPARTMENT (IN HISTORICAL CONTEXT) irrigation. up. nic. in.
  9. ^ Uttarakhand Govt. of India, Official website.
  10. ^ Census of India 2001: Data from the 2001 Census, including cities, villages and towns. (Provisional). Census Commission of India. Retrieved on 2007-09-03. Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Events 36 BC - In the Battle of Naulochus, Marcus Vipsanius Agrippa, Admiral of Octavian, defeats Sextus Pompeius

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External links

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