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| Corvus frugilegus Linnaeus, 1758 |
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 Rook range
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The Rook (Corvus frugilegus) is a member of the passerine order of birds and the crow family. Carl Linnaeus (Latinized as Carolus Linnaeus, also known after his ennoblement as, May 23 new style (13 May old style 1707 who laid the foundations for Year 1758 ( MDCCLVIII) was a Common year starting on Sunday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common Corvidae is a cosmopolitan family of Oscine Passerine Birds that contains the Crows Ravens rooks Named by Linnaeus in 1758,[1] the species name frugilegus is Latin for "food-gathering". Carl Linnaeus (Latinized as Carolus Linnaeus, also known after his ennoblement as, May 23 new style (13 May old style 1707 who laid the foundations for Latin ( lingua Latīna, laˈtiːna is an Italic language, historically spoken in Latium and Ancient Rome.
This species is similar in size (45–47 cm in length) or slightly smaller than the Carrion Crow with black feathers often showing a blue or bluish-purple sheen in bright sunlight. The Carrion Crow ( Corvus corone) is a member of the Passerine order of Birds and the Crow family which is native to western Europe The feathers on the head, neck and shoulders are particularly dense and silky. The legs and feet are black and the bill grey-black.
Rooks are distinguished from similar members of the crow family by the bare grey-white skin around the base of the adult's bill in front of the eyes. The feathering around the legs also look shaggier and laxer than the congeneric Carrion Crow. The juvenile is superficially more similar to the Crow because it lacks the bare patch at the base of the bill, but it loses the facial feathers after about six months.
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Distribution and habitat
Though resident in Great Britain and much of north and central Europe, vagrant to Iceland and northern Scandinavia, it also occurs as an eastern race in Asia where it differs in being very slightly smaller on average, and having a somewhat more fully feathered face. See also Kingdom of Great Britain Great Britain (Breatainn Mhòr Prydain Fawr Breten Veur Graet Breetain is the larger of the two main islands Iceland, officially the Republic of Iceland ( ( Ísland or Lýðveldið Ísland ( Terminology and usage As a cultural term "Scandinavia" has no official definition and is subject to usage by those who identify with the culture in question as well In the north of its range the species has a tendency to move south during autumn though more southern populations are apt to range sporadically also. The species has been introduced to New Zealand, with several hundred birds being released there from 1862-1874, though today their range is very localised. New Zealand is an Island country in the south-western Pacific Ocean comprising two main landmasses (the North Island and the South Island [2] Here the species is an agricultural pest and it is being eradicated.
Behaviour
Diet
Food is predominantly earthworms and insect larvae, which the bird finds by probing the ground with its strong bill. Earthworm is the usual name for the largest members of Oligochaeta (which is either a class or subclass depending on the author in the phylum Annelida In classical Insects ( Class Insecta) are a major group of Arthropods and the most diverse group of Animals on the Earth with over a million described In Roman mythology, the larvae or lemures (singular lemur) were the spectres or spirits of the dead they were the malignant version of the It also eats cultivated cereal grain, smaller amounts of fruit, small mammals such as voles, acorns and the eggs of ground-nesting birds. The term fruit has different meanings dependent on context and the term is not synonymous in Food preparation and Biology. Mammals ( class Mammalia) are a class of Vertebrate Animals characterized by the presence of Sweat glands, including sweat glands A vole is a small Rodent resembling a Mouse but with a stouter body a shorter hairy tail a slightly rounder head and smaller ears and eyes The acorn is the nut of the Oak tree (genera Quercus, Lithocarpus and Cyclobalanopsis, in the In urban sites, human food scraps are taken from rubbish dumps and streets, usually in the early hours when it is relatively quiet. WASTE is a Peer-to-peer and Friend-to-friend protocol and software application developed by Justin Frankel at Nullsoft in 2003 that features It has also been seen along the seashore, feeding on insects, crustaceans and suitable food flotsam. Insects ( Class Insecta) are a major group of Arthropods and the most diverse group of Animals on the Earth with over a million described Structure of crustaceans As Arthropods crustaceans have a stiff Exoskeleton, which must be shed to allow the animal to grow ( Ecdysis or molting
Nesting
Nesting is always colonial, usually in the very tops of the trees. Branches and twigs are broken off trees (very rarely picked up off the ground), though as many are likely to be stolen from nearby nests as are collected from trees. Eggs are usually 3–5 in number, can appear by the end of February or early March and are incubated for 16–18 days. Both adults feed the young, which are fledged by the 32nd or 33rd day. Fledge is the stage in a young Bird 's life when the feathers and wing muscles are sufficiently developed for flight
In autumn, the young birds of the summer collect together with unpaired birds of previous seasons into large flocks. It is during the autumn that spectacular aerial displays can be seen by adult birds that seem to delight in the autumn gales. A gale is a very strong Wind. There are conflicting definitions of how strong
Voice
The voice, though similar to that of the Carrion Crow, is usually described as a "kaah-kaah-kaah" while the bird fans its tail and bows on each caw. The Carrion Crow ( Corvus corone) is a member of the Passerine order of Birds and the Crow family which is native to western Europe Solitary birds often "sing" apparently to themselves uttering strange clicks, wheezes and almost human sounding notes.
Culture and mythology
Like many other members of the Corvidae family, the Rook features prominently in folklore. Corvidae is a cosmopolitan family of Oscine Passerine Birds that contains the Crows Ravens rooks History The concept of folklore developed as part of the 19th century ideology of Romantic nationalism, leading to the reshaping of oral traditions to serve modern ideological Traditionally, Rooks are said to be able to forecast weather and to sense the approach of death. If a rookery — the colonial nesting area of rooks — were abandoned, it was said to bring bad fortune for the family that owned the land. Another folk-tale holds that rooks are responsible for escorting the souls of the virtuous dead to heaven. The soul, according to many religious and philosophical beliefs is the self-awareness, or Consciousness, unique to a particular living William Butler Yeats may be making reference to the latter tale in his poem The Cold Heaven.
In Neil Gaiman's Sandman comic book series, Abel reveals that the parliament would surround a single rook, with that one telling a story. Neil Richard Gaiman (ˈgeɪmən (born November 10, 1960) is an English author of Science fiction and Fantasy short stories and The Sandman is a Comic book series written by Neil Gaiman and published in the United States by the DC Comics imprint Vertigo Cain and Abel are a pair of Fictional characters in the DC Comics universe based on the Biblical Cain and Abel. If the story was not liked, the parliament would attack and kill the speaker.
In Brian Jacques's Redwall series, rooks make an appearance in Mattimeo. (James Brian Jacques (pronounced "Jakes" (born June 15, 1939) is an English author, best Redwall is a series of Fantasy novels by Brian Jacques. It is the title of the first book of the series published in 1986 the name of the Abbey Mattimeo is a Fantasy novel by Brian Jacques, published in 1989. Rooks, along with magpies and other similar birds make up the army of General Ironbeak, one of the villains in the book. Throughout the fictional Redwall series by Brian Jacques, numerous bird characters play key roles in the novels
In Susan Cooper's The Dark Is Rising series, rooks are seen as agents of the Dark and the sign-seeker, Will Stanton is warned never to fully trust one. Susan Mary Cooper (born 23 May 1935) is a British Author best known for The Dark Is Rising, an award-winning five-volume The Dark Is Rising is the name of a five-book series of children's novels by Susan Cooper originally published in the 1960s and 1970s
In Phillip Pullman's book Northern Lights Lyra Belacqua and Roger Parslow catch and heal an injured rook on the college rooftop. Philip Pullman CBE (born October 19, 1946) is an English writer. Northern Lights, known as The Golden Compass across North America is the first novel in English novelist Philip Pullman 's The following is a list of both main and minor characters from Philip Pullman 's His Dark Materials trilogy College ( Latin collegium) is a term most often used today to denote an Educational Institution.
In Stephen King's Dark Tower entry Wizard and Glass, one of the characters, Cuthbert Allgood, carries a rook's skull tied around his neck, claiming it as a good luck charm. Stephen Edwin King (born September 21, 1947) is an American Author, Screenwriter, Musician, Columnist, The Dark Tower is a series of seven books written by American author Stephen King between 1970 and 2004 Wizard and Glass is the fourth book in the Dark Tower series by Stephen King. Cuthbert Allgood is a fictional character from Stephen King 's The Dark Tower series
Gallery
 The Rook |
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 A Rook on Dartmoor |
References
- ^ (Latin) Linnaeus, C (1758). Carl Linnaeus (Latinized as Carolus Linnaeus, also known after his ennoblement as, May 23 new style (13 May old style 1707 who laid the foundations for Systema naturae per regna tria naturae, secundum classes, ordines, genera, species, cum characteribus, differentiis, synonymis, locis. Tomus I. Editio decima, reformata.. Holmiae. (Laurentii Salvii). , 824.
- ^ Barrie Heather and Hugh Robertson, "The Field Guide to the Birds of New Zealand", Viking, 2005
- BirdLife International (2004). Corvus frugilegus. 2006 IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species (also known as the IUCN Red List or Red Data List) created in 1963 is the world's most comprehensive inventory of the global IUCN 2006. Retrieved on 09 May 2006. Events 1457 BC - Battle of Megiddo (15th century BC between Thutmose III and a large Canaanite coalition under the King of Year 2006 ( MMVI) was a Common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. Database entry includes justification for why this species is of least concern
- Handbook of the Birds of Europe, the Middle East, and North Africa: The Birds of the Western Palearctic Volume VIII: Crows to Finches Chief Editor: the late Stanley Cramp, Edited by C. M. Perrins ISBN 0-19-854679-3
- Crows and Jays by Madge and Burn, ISBN 0-7136-3999-7
- Debout G 2003. Le carbeau freux (Corvus frugilegus) nicheur en Normandie: recensement 1999 & 2000. Cormoran, 13, 115-121.
Sound link
Image links
Video links
- Rook videos on the Internet Bird Collection
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