List of civil wars involving Rome. A civil war is a War between a State and domestic political actors that are in control of some part of the territory claimed by the state Rome ( Roma ˈroma Roma is the capital city of Italy and Lazio, and is Italy's largest and most populous city with more than 2 There were several Roman civil wars, especially during the time of the late Republic. The Roman Republic was the phase of the ancient Roman civilization characterized by a Republican form of government a period which began with the overthrow of the
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Early Republic
Mid Republic
- First Servile War (135–132 BCE), on Sicily - Roman victory. The First Servile War of 135 – 132 BC was an unsuccessful slave uprising against the Romans on the island of Sicily, in Enna.
- Second Servile War (104–103 BCE), between Rome and a slave insurrection on Sicily - Roman victory. The Second Servile War was an unsuccessful slave uprising against the Roman Republic on the island of Sicily.
Late Republic
- Social War (91–88 BCE), between Rome and the Italian nations - Roman victory. Year 91 BC was a year of the pre-Julian calendar. Events By place Rome Consuls Sextus Julius Caesar and Year 88 BC was a year of the pre-Julian calendar. Events By place Rome The Social War ends with the defeat of the Italian
- Sulla's first civil war (88–87 BCE), between Lucius Cornelius Sulla's supporters and Gaius Marius' forces - Marian victory. Sulla's first civil war was one of a series of Civil wars in ancient Rome, between Gaius Marius and Sulla, between 88 and 87 BC Year 88 BC was a year of the pre-Julian calendar. Events By place Rome The Social War ends with the defeat of the Italian Year 87 BC was a year of the pre-Julian calendar. Events By place Rome Lucius Cornelius Cinna is elected Consul Lucius Cornelius Sulla Felix ( Latin: L•CORNELIVS•L•F•P•N•SVLLA•FELIX (c This article is about the Roman statesman who reorganized the army and was seven times Consul
- Sertorius' revolt in Hispania (83–72 BCE), between Rome and the provinces of Hispania under the leadership of Sertorius - Roman victory. Quintus Sertorius ( 123 BC - 72 BC) was a Roman statesman and general born in Nursia, in Sabine territory around 124 BC Year 83 BC was a year of the pre-Julian calendar. Events By place Rome Sulla returns to Italy from his campaigns Year 72 BC was a year of the pre-Julian calendar. Events By place Rome Battle of Cabira — Lucius Lucullus Hispania was the name given by the Romans to the whole of the Iberian Peninsula (modern Portugal, Spain, Andorra, Gibraltar Quintus Sertorius ( 123 BC - 72 BC) was a Roman statesman and general born in Nursia, in Sabine territory around 124 BC
- Sulla's second civil war (82–81 BCE), between Sulla and Marius' supporters - Sullan victory. Sulla's second civil war was one of a series of civil wars of Ancient Rome. Year 82 BC was a year of the pre-Julian calendar. Events By place Rome Sulla defeats Samnite allies of Year 81 BC was a year of the pre-Julian calendar. Events By place Rome Sulla is appointed dictator
- Third Servile War (73–71 BCE), between Rome and a slave insurrection in Italy led by Spartacus - Roman victory. The Third Servile War, also called the Gladiator War and The War of Spartacus by Plutarch, was the last of a series of unrelated and unsuccessful slave Year 73 BC was a year of the pre-Julian calendar. Events By place British Isles Traditional date that Lud became King Events By place Rome Third Servile War ends — Slave uprising under leadership of Spartacus is crushed by a Roman army under Spartacus (c 109 BC-71 BC according to Roman historians was a Slave who became the leader (or possibly one of several leaders in the unsuccessful slave
- Catiline Conspiracy (63–62 BCE), between the Senate and the dissatisfied followers of Lucius Sergius Catilina - Senatorial victory. Lucius Sergius Catilina (108 BC–62 BC known in English as Catiline, was a Roman Politician of the 1st century BC who is best known for the Year 63 BC was a year of the pre-Julian calendar. Events By place Rome Pompey conquers Phonecia, Coele-Syria Year 62 BC was a year of the pre-Julian calendar. Events By place Rome January 5 — The forces of the conspirator Lucius Sergius Catilina (108 BC–62 BC known in English as Catiline, was a Roman Politician of the 1st century BC who is best known for the
- Caesar's civil war (49–45 BCE), between Julius Caesar and the optimates (conservative republicans), initially led by Pompey - Caesarean victory. The Roman civil war of 49 BC sometimes called Caesar's Civil War, is one of the last conflicts within the Roman Republic. Year 49 BC was a year of the pre-Julian calendar. Events By place Rome Consuls Lucius Cornelius Lentulus Crus Year 45 BC was the year the Julian calendar went into effect According to this calendar it was a Leap year starting on Friday (link will display the full calendar Optimates (singular optimas, The Best of Men, Italian: ottimati; also known as the priests or boni, the Gnaeus Pompeius Magnus, commonly known as Pompey /'pɑmpi/ Pompey the Great or Pompey the Triumvir ( Classical Latin abbreviation
- Post-Caesarian civil war (44 BCE), between the Senate army (led first by Cicero and then by Octavian) and the army of Antony, Lepidus, and their colleagues - Truce results in union of forces. The Battle of Mutina was fought on April 21, 43 BC between the forces of Marc Antony and the forces of Gaius Vibius Pansa Caetronianus and Year 44 BC was a Common year starting on Sunday (link will display the full calendar of the Julian calendar. The Roman Senate was a political institution in Ancient Rome. Marcus Tullius Cicero ( Classical Latin ˈkikeroː usually ˈsɪsərəʊ in English January 3, 106 BC &ndash December 7, 43 BC was a Roman Augustus ( Latin: IMPERATOR·CAESAR·DIVI·FILIVS·AVGVSTVS September 23 63 BC – August 19 AD 14) born Gaius Octavius Thurinus, was Marcus Aemilius Lepidus was a common name for several successive generations of a family in Ancient Rome: Marcus Aemilius Lepidus (consul 187 BC,
- Liberators' civil war (44–42 BCE), between the Second Triumvirate and the Liberators (Brutus and Cassius, Caesar's assassins) - Triumvirate victory. The Liberators' civil war was started by the Second Triumvirate to avenge Julius Caesar 's murder Year 44 BC was a Common year starting on Sunday (link will display the full calendar of the Julian calendar. Year 42 BC was a Common year starting on Tuesday (link will display the full calendar of the Julian calendar. See also the Second Triumvirate (Argentina which held power in 1812 Marcus Junius Brutus (85&ndash42 BC or Quintus Servilius Caepio Brutus was a Roman senator of the late Roman Republic. For the Roman consul see Gaius Cassius Longinus (consul 171 BC.
- Sicilian revolt (44–36 BCE), between the Second Triumvirate (particularly Octavian and Agrippa) and Sextus Pompeius, the son of Pompey - Triumvirate victory. The Sicilian revolt was a Revolution against the Second Triumvirate which occurred between 44 BC and 36 BC. Year 44 BC was a Common year starting on Sunday (link will display the full calendar of the Julian calendar. Year 36 BC was a Common year starting on Wednesday (link will display the full calendar of the Julian calendar. See also the Second Triumvirate (Argentina which held power in 1812 Augustus ( Latin: IMPERATOR·CAESAR·DIVI·FILIVS·AVGVSTVS September 23 63 BC – August 19 AD 14) born Gaius Octavius Thurinus, was Agrippa redirects here For other uses of the name see Agrippa (disambiguation.
- Fulvia's civil war (41–40 BCE), between the forces of Lucius Antonius and Fulvia Antonia (the younger brother and wife of Mark Antony) and Octavian - Octavian victory. Fulvia's civil war (also called the Perusine War) was a Civil war which lasted from 41 to 40 BC. Year 41 BC was a Leap year starting on Wednesday (link will display the full calendar of the Julian calendar. Year 40 BC was a Common year starting on Friday (link will display the full calendar of the Julian calendar. Lucius Antonius may refer to Lucius Antonius (brother of Mark Antony, the brother of Mark Antony Lucius Antonius (grandson of Mark Antony Fulvia (77 BC-40 BC was a Roman woman who lived in the 1st century BC Marcus Antonius (in Latin: M·ANTONIVS·M·F·M·N ( c January 14 83 BC&ndash August 1, 30 BC known in English as Mark
- Final war of the Roman Republic (32–30 BCE), between the Western provinces (under the leadership of Octavian and Agrippa) and the East (under Mark Antony and Cleopatra) - Western victory. The final war of the Roman Republic, also know as Antony's civil war or the' war between Antony and Octavian', was last of the Roman civil wars of the Year 32 BC was a Common year starting on Monday (link will display the full calendar of the Julian calendar. Year 30 BC was a Common year starting on Wednesday (link will display the full calendar of the Julian calendar. Cleopatra VII Philopator (in Greek, Κλεοπάτρα Φιλοπάτωρ; January 69 BC &ndash 30 BC was a Hellenistic ruler of Egypt
Empire
Augustan interval
After 30 BC, the Republic was unified under leadership of Octavian. In 27 BC Octavian was granted the title of Augustus by the Senate. Year 27 BC was a Common year starting on Sunday (link will display the full calendar of the Julian calendar. Augustus (plural augusti) Latin for "majestic" "the increaser" or "venerable" was an Ancient Roman These two dates are considered to mark the end of the Republic and the birth of the Roman Empire. The Roman Empire was the post-Republican phase of the ancient Roman civilization, characterised by an autocratic form of government and large territorial The period of rule by the Caesars was known as the "Pax Augusti" (peace of Augustus), and was the beginning of the era known as the "Pax Romana" (Roman Peace). Pax Romana ( Latin for " Roman Peace " was the long period of relative peace and minimal expansion by military force The next Roman civil war would not be fought until after Nero's suicide in 68 AD, the year before the year of the four emperors. Nero Claudius Caesar Augustus Germanicus ( December 15, 37 – June 9, 68) born Lucius Domitius Ahenobarbus, also called Year 68 was a Leap year starting on Friday (link will display the full calendar of the Julian calendar. The Year of the Four Emperors was a year in the history of the Roman Empire, AD 69 in which four emperors ruled in a remarkable succession
Early Empire
Late Empire
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