The Honourable  Sir Roger Owen Douglas
33rd Minister of Finance
In office 26 July 1984 – 14 December 1988
Prime Minister	David Lange
Preceded by	Robert Muldoon
Succeeded by	David Caygill
Member of the New Zealand Parliament for Manurewa
Succeeded by	George Hawkins
Born	December 5, 1937 (1937-12-05) (age 70) Auckland,  New Zealand
Political party	Labour (1969 - 1990) ACT (1993 - present)
Profession	Accountant

Sir Roger Owen Douglas (born 5 December 1937), a New Zealand politician, formerly served as a senior Cabinet minister. The prefix The Honourable or The Honorable (abbreviated to " The Hon The Minister of Finance is a senior figure within the Government of New Zealand. Events 657 - Battle of Siffin. 811 - Battle of Pliska; Byzantine Emperor Nicephorus Year 1984 ( MCMLXXXIV) was a Leap year starting on Sunday (link displays the 1984 Gregorian calendar) Events 1287 - St Lucia's flood: The Zuider Zee sea wall in the Netherlands collapses killing over 50000 people Year 1988 ( MCMLXXXVIII) was a Leap year starting on Friday (link displays 1988 Gregorian calendar) David Russell Lange, ONZ, CH (who pronounced his name ˈlɒŋi long-ee) (4 August 1942 – 13 August 2005 served as Prime Minister of New Zealand Sir Robert David ("Rob" Muldoon, GCMG, CH ( 25 September 1921 &ndash 5 August 1992) served as Prime Minister David Caygill, CBE (born 1948 is a former New Zealand politician The Parliament of New Zealand consists of the Queen of New Zealand and the New Zealand House of Representatives and until 1951 the New Zealand Legislative Council Manurewa is a New Zealand Parliamentary electorate. It is currently held by George Hawkins MP Events 63 BC - Cicero reads the last of his Catiline Orations. Year 1937 ( MCMXXXVII) was a Common year starting on Friday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. The Auckland metropolitan area or Greater Auckland, in the North Island of New Zealand, is the largest and most populous urban area in the country New Zealand is an Island country in the south-western Pacific Ocean comprising two main landmasses (the North Island and the South Island The New Zealand Labour Party is a New Zealand political party The New Zealand political party ACT New Zealand (commonly known as "Act" and pronounced to rhyme with "fact" though internal image-makers push the phrase Events 63 BC - Cicero reads the last of his Catiline Orations. Year 1937 ( MCMXXXVII) was a Common year starting on Friday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. New Zealand is an Island country in the south-western Pacific Ocean comprising two main landmasses (the North Island and the South Island The New Zealand Cabinet functions as the policy and decision-making body of the Executive branch within the New Zealand government system He became arguably best-known for his prominent role in the radical economic restructuring undertaken by the Fourth Labour Government during the 1980s ("Rogernomics"). The Fourth Labour Government of New Zealand was the government of New Zealand from 26 July 1984 to 2 November 1990 The 1980s was the decade spanning from January 1 1980 to December 31 1989. The term Rogernomics, a Portmanteau of "Roger" and "economics" was created by analogy with Reaganomics to describe the economic policies In 1993 he founded the Association of Consumers and Taxpayers (the forerunner of the ACT New Zealand party) with Derek Quigley. The New Zealand political party ACT New Zealand (commonly known as "Act" and pronounced to rhyme with "fact" though internal image-makers push the phrase The New Zealand political party ACT New Zealand (commonly known as "Act" and pronounced to rhyme with "fact" though internal image-makers push the phrase Derek Francis Quigley (born 31 January 1932) is a former New Zealand politician

Contents 1 Early life 2 Member of Parliament 2.1 Minister of Finance 3 ACT New Zealand 4 The Roger Award 5 Later life 6 External links 7 Further reading 8 References

Early life

Douglas was born on 5 December 1937. Events 63 BC - Cicero reads the last of his Catiline Orations. Year 1937 ( MCMXXXVII) was a Common year starting on Friday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. His family had strong ties with the trade-union movement, and actively engaged in politics. A trade union or labour union is an organization of workers who have banded together to achieve common goals in key areas such as wages hours and working conditions forming His father Norman Douglas and a brother Malcolm Douglas both became Labour politicians. Norman Vazey Douglas ( 15 March 1910 - 26 August 1985) was a New Zealand Politician of the Labour Party. Malcolm Douglas (born 1941 was a New Zealand Politician of the Labour Party. The New Zealand Labour Party is a New Zealand political party

Douglas received his secondary education at Auckland Grammar School, and gained a degree in accountancy from the University of Auckland. Auckland Grammar School is a boys-only state secondary school in Auckland, New Zealand. Accountancy or accounting is the measurement statement or provision of assurance about financial information primarily used by Lenders managers, The University of Auckland (Te Whare Wānanga o Tāmaki Makaurau is New Zealand 's largest University.

Member of Parliament

After some experience in local-body politics as a member of the Manukau City Council, Douglas began his career in national politics in 1969 when he won election to parliament as the Labour Member of Parliament for Manukau. Local governments are administrative offices that are smaller than a State. Manukau City is a large city in the Auckland Region / Greater Auckland area of New Zealand. The 1969 New Zealand general election was a nationwide vote to determine the shape of the New Zealand Parliament 's 36th term. The New Zealand Labour Party is a New Zealand political party Manukau is a former New Zealand Parliamentary electorate. Population Centres The electorate is in the Southern section of greater Auckland He became involved in the party's policies on industry and economics. Economics is the social science that studies the production distribution, and consumption of goods and services. He served as the MP for Manukau from 1969 to 1978, and then for Manurewa from 1978 to 1990. Manurewa is a New Zealand Parliamentary electorate. It is currently held by George Hawkins MP

Labour under Norman Kirk won the 1972 election, and the Labour parliamentary caucus elevated Douglas to Cabinet rank. Norman Eric Kirk ( 6 January 1923 &ndash 31 August 1974) was Prime Minister of New Zealand from 1972 until his sudden death in The New Zealand general election of 1972 was held to elect MPs to the 37th session of the New Zealand Parliament. The New Zealand Cabinet functions as the policy and decision-making body of the Executive branch within the New Zealand government system During the Third Labour Government, he served as Postmaster-General, Minister of Broadcasting, Minister of Housing, and Minister of Customs. The Third Labour Government of New Zealand was the government of New Zealand from 1972 to 1975 However, Kirk's unexpected death in 1974 (and his replacement by Bill Rowling) became factors in Labour's defeat by the National Party under Robert Muldoon in the 1975. Year 1974 ( MCMLXXIV) was a Common year starting on Tuesday (link will display full calendar of the 1974 Gregorian calendar. Sir Wallace Edward Rowling KCMG, ( 15 November 1927 - 31 October 1995) often known as Bill Rowling, was a Prime The New Zealand Labour Party is a New Zealand political party The New Zealand National Party ("National" or "the Nats" currently forms the second-largest (in terms of parliamentary seats Political party Sir Robert David ("Rob" Muldoon, GCMG, CH ( 25 September 1921 &ndash 5 August 1992) served as Prime Minister The 1975 New Zealand general election was held to elect MPs to the 38th session of the New Zealand Parliament. Douglas became Labour's spokesperson on housing until 1980, when he acquired responsibility for the trade and industry portfolio. The New Zealand Labour Party is a New Zealand political party Year 1980 ( MCMLXXX) was a Leap year starting on Tuesday (link displays the 1980 Gregorian calendar) In informal Labour caucus politics, Douglas became a member of the "Fish and Chip Brigade", which grouped him with David Lange, Mike Moore, and Michael Bassett. David Russell Lange, ONZ, CH (who pronounced his name ˈlɒŋi long-ee) (4 August 1942 – 13 August 2005 served as Prime Minister of New Zealand Michael Kenneth Moore ONZ (known as Mike Moore, born 28 January 1949) is a Politician from New Zealand who has served both For the British screenwriter and director see Michael J Bassett Michael Edward Rainton Bassett, QSO (b In 1983, when David Lange became leader of the Labour Party, he made Douglas the Labour spokesperson for finance. Year 1983 ( MCMLXXXIII) was a Common year starting on Saturday (link displays the 1983 Gregorian calendar) The New Zealand Labour Party is a New Zealand political party The field of finance refers to the concepts of Time, Money and Risk and how they are interrelated

Minister of Finance

Main article: Rogernomics

Labour returned to power in the election of 1984, forming the Fourth Labour Government. The term Rogernomics, a Portmanteau of "Roger" and "economics" was created by analogy with Reaganomics to describe the economic policies The New Zealand Labour Party is a New Zealand political party The 1984 New Zealand general election was a nationwide vote to determine the shape of the 41st New Zealand Parliament. The Fourth Labour Government of New Zealand was the government of New Zealand from 26 July 1984 to 2 November 1990 Lange became Prime Minister and gave the Minister of Finance role to Douglas. This article is about the government position For other uses see Prime Minister (disambiguation. The Minister of Finance is a senior figure within the Government of New Zealand. Douglas began to implement revolutionary policies. Known as "Rogernomics" (a coinage based on the term "Reaganomics", used to describe the economic policies of US President Ronald Reagan), the measures involved monetarist measures to control inflation, the slashing of subsidies and trade tariffs, and the privatisation of public assets. The term Rogernomics, a Portmanteau of "Roger" and "economics" was created by analogy with Reaganomics to describe the economic policies Reaganomics (a portmanteau of "Reagan" and "economics" refers to the Economic policies promoted by United States President Ronald The United States of America —commonly referred to as the Monetarism is a school of economic thought concerning the determination of national income and monetary Economics. In economics inflation or price inflation is a rise in the general level of prices of goods and services over a period of time In Economics, a subsidy (also known as a subvention is a form of financial assistance paid to a business or economic sector For other uses of this word see Tariff (disambiguation. A tariff is a tax imposed on goods when they are moved across a political boundary Privatization is the incidence or process of transferring ownership of business from the Public sector (government to the Private sector (business Traditionalists regarded all of these policies as a betrayal of Labour's left-wing stance, and Rogernomics became deeply unpopular with those who supported the political left in New Zealand. The New Zealand Labour Party is a New Zealand political party New Zealand is an Island country in the south-western Pacific Ocean comprising two main landmasses (the North Island and the South Island Douglas's supporters defended the reforms as necessary to revive the economy, which National's Muldoon had kept under tight regulation. The New Zealand National Party ("National" or "the Nats" currently forms the second-largest (in terms of parliamentary seats Political party Sir Robert David ("Rob" Muldoon, GCMG, CH ( 25 September 1921 &ndash 5 August 1992) served as Prime Minister Euromoney magazine chose Douglas as its "Finance Minister of the year" for 1985.

Federated Farmers had proposed most of these reforms. Federated Farmers of New Zealand Incorporated is an organisation in New Zealand which lobbies on behalf of its member Farmers It has a network of 24 provinces For example, they supported the removal of farm subsidies as well as all the other trade barriers. A trade barrier is a general term that describes any government policy or regulation that restricts International trade. However, because farmers traditionally supported the National Party, the Labour Government applied the reforms to farmers first, in such a manner that the subsidies disappeared while farmers still had to pay for the protected machinery they needed, so many farmers felt hit hard.

Despite implementing substantial reforms which made it unpopular amongst many sections of the community and which caused high levels of unemployment, the Labour government won re-election in 1987, with a substantial majority in the legislature (58. The New Zealand Labour Party is a New Zealand political party The 1987 New Zealand general election was a nationwide vote to determine the shape of the New Zealand Parliament. 8% of the seats). Some argue that Labour's re-election stemmed primarily from the weakness of the opposition National Party and from public support for Labour's other policies (such as its stand against nuclear weapons). The New Zealand Labour Party is a New Zealand political party The New Zealand National Party ("National" or "the Nats" currently forms the second-largest (in terms of parliamentary seats Political party The New Zealand Labour Party is a New Zealand political party A nuclear weapon is an explosive device that derives its destructive force from Nuclear reactions either fission or a combination of fission and fusion. Douglas, along with his supporters Richard Prebble and David Caygill, maintained majority backing from the Cabinet to continue with their reforms, up until the conflict between Lange and Douglas. Richard William Prebble CBE, born 7 February 1948, was for many years a member of the New Zealand Parliament. David Caygill, CBE (born 1948 is a former New Zealand politician Shortly after the election and the "Black Monday" stock-market crash, Prime Minister Lange moved to stop the changes. In financial markets Black Monday refers to Monday, October 19, 1987, when Stock markets around the world crashed, shedding a A stock market crash is a sudden dramatic decline of Stock prices across a significant cross-section of a Stock market. David Russell Lange, ONZ, CH (who pronounced his name ˈlɒŋi long-ee) (4 August 1942 – 13 August 2005 served as Prime Minister of New Zealand A protracted conflict between Lange and Douglas broke out in Cabinet. David Russell Lange, ONZ, CH (who pronounced his name ˈlɒŋi long-ee) (4 August 1942 – 13 August 2005 served as Prime Minister of New Zealand The New Zealand Cabinet functions as the policy and decision-making body of the Executive branch within the New Zealand government system Eventually Lange dismissed Richard Prebble in November 1988 and then forced Douglas to resign his ministerial positions at the end of 1988. Richard William Prebble CBE, born 7 February 1948, was for many years a member of the New Zealand Parliament. Year 1988 ( MCMLXXXVIII) was a Leap year starting on Friday (link displays 1988 Gregorian calendar)

The Labour Party caucus, however, voted to return Douglas to Cabinet in July the following year. The New Zealand Labour Party is a New Zealand political party The New Zealand Cabinet functions as the policy and decision-making body of the Executive branch within the New Zealand government system While Lange had perforce to accept the decision of caucus, he did not have to reappoint Douglas to his old post. David Russell Lange, ONZ, CH (who pronounced his name ˈlɒŋi long-ee) (4 August 1942 – 13 August 2005 served as Prime Minister of New Zealand Douglas became Minister of Police and Minister of Immigration, much more junior positions than his old role of Minister of Finance. The New Zealand Police ( Ngā Pirihimana o Aotearoa) is the national Police force of New Zealand, responsible for enforcing criminal and The Minister of Finance is a senior figure within the Government of New Zealand. The rejection by caucus of Douglas's original dismissal, however, had weakened Lange's position, and the Prime Minister himself resigned the month after Douglas returned. David Russell Lange, ONZ, CH (who pronounced his name ˈlɒŋi long-ee) (4 August 1942 – 13 August 2005 served as Prime Minister of New Zealand Lange's successors (Geoffrey Palmer and Mike Moore) did not, however, restore Douglas to his former position, and Douglas proved unable to pursue his economic programme. Sir Geoffrey Winston Russell Palmer, KCMG, AC (born 21 April 1942) served as Prime Minister of New Zealand from August Michael Kenneth Moore ONZ (known as Mike Moore, born 28 January 1949) is a Politician from New Zealand who has served both Douglas did not stand for Parliament at the 1990 election, which Labour lost. The 1990 New Zealand general election was a nationwide vote to determine the shape of the New Zealand Parliament 's 43rd term. The New Zealand Labour Party is a New Zealand political party His policies, however, continued under the aegis of Ruth Richardson, the Minister of Finance in the new Fourth National Government of New Zealand (see Ruthanasia). Ruth Richardson (born December 13 1950) served as New Zealand 's Minister of Finance from 1990 to 1993 and is known for her strong pursuit The Minister of Finance is a senior figure within the Government of New Zealand. The Fourth National Government of New Zealand was the government of New Zealand from 2 November 1990 to 27 November 1999 Ruthanasia, a Portmanteau of Ruth and Euthanasia, is the pejorative name (typically used by opponents given to the period of free-market

Roger Douglas became a Knight Bachelor as The Honorable Sir Roger Douglas in 1990. ^[1]

By and large, subsequent governments have retained or re-inforced the policies promoted by Douglas in the years 1984 to 1987 — including low levels of import-protection, "credible" monetary and fiscal policies, deregulated financial markets and limited subsidies and other interventions in the economy. In Economics, a financial market is a mechanism that allows people to easily buy and sell ( Trade) financial Securities (such as stocks and bonds The Heritage Foundation / Wall Street Journal 2006 Index of Economic Freedom ranks New Zealand 9th-highest in the world, (equal with the United States and Australia). The Heritage Foundation is an American conservative Think tank. The Index of Economic Freedom is a series of 10 economic measurements created by the Wall Street Journal and The Heritage Foundation to measure the degree of Economic freedom

ACT New Zealand

In 1993 Sir Roger Douglas co-founded the Association of Consumers and Taxpayers with Derek Quigley. Year 1993 ( MCMXCIII) was a Common year starting on Friday (link will display full 1993 Gregorian calendar) Derek Francis Quigley (born 31 January 1932) is a former New Zealand politician Sir Roger and Quigley intended the Association to serve as a pressure-group promoting the Douglas economic policies. Shortly afterwards, in 1996, the country switched to using the MMP electoral system. Mixed member proportional representation, also termed mixed-member proportional voting and commonly abbreviated to MMP, is an ' additional member ' (Some commentators attribute this change in part to public perceptions about betrayal by the "established" parties, with Labour's pursuit of non-leftist policies figuring as the most major of those perceived betrayals). MMP gave smaller groups a much better chance of entering Parliament, and encouraged the new Association to establish the ACT New Zealand Party. The New Zealand political party ACT New Zealand (commonly known as "Act" and pronounced to rhyme with "fact" though internal image-makers push the phrase Sir Roger served as the new group's first leader, but soon stood aside for Richard Prebble (his old ally from their days in the Labour caucus). Richard William Prebble CBE, born 7 February 1948, was for many years a member of the New Zealand Parliament. The New Zealand Labour Party is a New Zealand political party

Sir Roger has remained a strong supporter of the ACT party, although he has become somewhat unhappy with the party's alleged lack of focus on pure economic policy. The New Zealand political party ACT New Zealand (commonly known as "Act" and pronounced to rhyme with "fact" though internal image-makers push the phrase In particular, Sir Roger has criticised what he sees as populism within the party, claiming that some of its MPs seem more committed to grabbing headlines than to developing policy-frameworks. Populism is a discourse which supports "the people" versus "the Elites " Populism may involve either a political philosophy urging social and political When in April 2004 Richard Prebble announced his decision to retire, Sir Roger spoke out in favour of Stephen Franks and Ken Shirley as possible successors — the other main contender in the leadership race, Rodney Hide, generally had a reputation for advocating the style that Sir Roger condemns. Richard William Prebble CBE, born 7 February 1948, was for many years a member of the New Zealand Parliament. Stephen Franks was born in Wellington in 1950 and is a commercial lawyer working for Chapman Tripp, having been at one time Chairman and Partner of this company Kenneth Lex Shirley ( 12 August 1950 -) generally called Ken Shirley, is a New Zealand politician Rodney Hide (born 16 December 1956) is a New Zealand politician who became leader of the political party ACT New Zealand in 2004 Rodney Hide won the leadership and currently heads the ACT party. Rodney Hide (born 16 December 1956) is a New Zealand politician who became leader of the political party ACT New Zealand in 2004 The word leadership can refer to Those entities that perform one or more acts of leading 2008 ( MMVIII) is the current year in accordance with the Gregorian calendar, a Leap year that started on Tuesday of the Common The New Zealand political party ACT New Zealand (commonly known as "Act" and pronounced to rhyme with "fact" though internal image-makers push the phrase

On 2 December 2004, both Sir Roger and Derek Quigley announced that they would step down as patrons of ACT. Events 1409 - The University of Leipzig opens 1755 - The second Eddystone Lighthouse is destroyed by fire "MMIV" redirects here For the Modest Mouse album see " Baron von Bullshit Rides Again " Derek Francis Quigley (born 31 January 1932) is a former New Zealand politician They stated as the reason for this action that they wished to have more freedom to disagree with the party publicly.

On 21 February 2008 Sir Roger renewed his involvement with the ACT party by signing a letter inviting supporters to the 2008 ACT conference, and appearing in television and newspaper interviews endorsing ACT for 2008. Events 362 - Athanasius returns to Alexandria. 1245 - Thomas, the first known Bishop of Finland 2008 ( MMVIII) is the current year in accordance with the Gregorian calendar, a Leap year that started on Tuesday of the Common The New Zealand political party ACT New Zealand (commonly known as "Act" and pronounced to rhyme with "fact" though internal image-makers push the phrase The New Zealand political party ACT New Zealand (commonly known as "Act" and pronounced to rhyme with "fact" though internal image-makers push the phrase ^[2]

At ACT's 2008 Annual Conference in Auckland, Sir Roger announced his intention to stand for Parliament once again, as an ACT candidate in an unidentified South Auckland electorate. The New Zealand political party ACT New Zealand (commonly known as "Act" and pronounced to rhyme with "fact" though internal image-makers push the phrase The Auckland metropolitan area or Greater Auckland, in the North Island of New Zealand, is the largest and most populous urban area in the country The Parliament of New Zealand consists of the Queen of New Zealand and the New Zealand House of Representatives and until 1951 the New Zealand Legislative Council The New Zealand political party ACT New Zealand (commonly known as "Act" and pronounced to rhyme with "fact" though internal image-makers push the phrase South Auckland is an area of Auckland, New Zealand characterized in the popular mind as a socio-economically below-average and sometimes rough Urban area On 8 June 2008, this was announced to be the newly created electorate of Hunua. Events 68 - The Roman Senate accepts emperor Galba. 536 - St Silverius becomes Pope (probable 2008 ( MMVIII) is the current year in accordance with the Gregorian calendar, a Leap year that started on Tuesday of the Common Hunua is the name of three seats in the New Zealand House of Representatives, all based at the south end of the Auckland urban area and all named for the Talk of a high slot on the ACT party list has also emerged ^[3].

The Roger Award

In a back-handed compliment, the founders in 1997 of the award for "The Worst Transnational Corporation operating in New Zealand" - as voted by left-wing groups - named it "the Roger Award" after Sir Roger Douglas. The Roger Award For The Worst Transnational Corporation Operating in New Zealand is an annual media campaign run since 1997 by two activist organisations Campaign

Later life

Since leaving politics when he retired from the leadership of ACT, Sir Roger has held senior positions at a number of prominent companies. The New Zealand political party ACT New Zealand (commonly known as "Act" and pronounced to rhyme with "fact" though internal image-makers push the phrase He currently serves as the managing director of his own group, Roger Douglas Associates. 2008 ( MMVIII) is the current year in accordance with the Gregorian calendar, a Leap year that started on Tuesday of the Common

External links

• http://www.rogerdouglas.org.nz/

Further reading

• Douglas, Roger (n. d. ), Completing the Circle, n. p. : Seascape Press 

References

---

© 2009 citizendia.org; parts available under the terms of GNU Free Documentation License, from http://en.wikipedia.org
Dapyx Software network: MP3 Explorer | Ebook Manager | Zenithic