Rock music is a form of popular music with a prominent vocal melody, accompanied by guitar, drums, and bass. Rock and roll (also known as rock 'n' roll) is a form of Music that evolved in the United States in the late 1940s and early 1950s with roots in mostly African The Blues is a vocal and instrumental form of Music based on the use of the Blue notes It emerged as an accessible form of self-expression Jump blues is a type of Up-tempo Blues music influenced by Big band sound The Chicago blues is a form of Blues music that developed in Chicago Illinois by taking the basic acoustic guitar and Harmonica -based Delta blues Country music is a blend of popular musical forms originally found in the Southern United States and the Appalachian Mountains. Jazz is an American Musical art form which originated in the beginning of the 20th century in African American communities in the Southern United States Folk music can have a number of different meanings including Traditional music: The original meaning of the term "folk music" was synonymous Cleveland is a City in the US state of Ohio and the County seat of Cuyahoga County, the most populous county in the state The City of New York Philadelphia (ˌfɪləˈdɛlfiə The guitar is a Musical instrument with ancient roots that is used in a wide variety of musical styles An electric guitar is a type of Guitar that uses pickups to convert the vibration of its steel-cored strings into an electrical current which is made louder The electric bass guitar (also called electric bass, or simply bass; ˈbeɪs as in "base" is a Stringed instrument played primarily with the A drum kit (also drum set or trap set) is a collection of Drums Cymbals and sometimes other Percussion instruments such as cowbells A keyboard instrument is any musical instrument played using a Musical keyboard. Alternative rock (also called alternative music, alt-rock or simply alternative; known primarily in the UK as indie) is a genre of Post-rock is a genre of Alternative rock characterized by the use of Musical instruments commonly associated with Rock music, but using Rhythms This is a list of Music genres derived from Rock and roll, including major rock, metal, punk, and Alternative rock genres Art rock is a term describing a subgenre of Rock music that tends to have "experimental or avant-garde influences" and emphasizes "novel sonic texture Christian rock (occasionally abbreviated CR) is a form of Rock music played by bands whose members are Christians and who often focus the lyrics on Classic rock was originally conceived as a Radio station programming format which evolved from the Album oriented rock (AOR format in the early-1980s This article discusses the Music of Detroit Michigan. World renowned for its Detroit Symphony Orchestra and music celebrities the area has a long and rich heritage Emo (ˈiːmoʊ is a genre of music that originated from Hardcore punk early on and adopted Pop-punk influences later on in the 2000s when Experimental rock or avant-garde rock is a type of music based on rock which experiments with the basic elements of the genre and/or which pushes the boundaries A girl group is a Popular music act featuring several young Female Singers who generally harmonize together Glam rock (also known as glitter rock) is a sub-genre of Rock music that developed in the UK in the post- Hippie early 1970s which was "performed by Group Sounds is a genre of Japanese Rock music that was popular in the mid to late 1960s Hard rock (also referred to as heavy rock) is a variation of Rock music which has its earliest roots in mid-1960s garage and Psychedelic rock In the late 1970s and 1980s one of the most popular forms of Rock and roll was heartland rock. Instrumental rock is a type of Rock music which emphasizes Musical instruments, and which features no or very little Singing. Jam bands (or jambands) are musical groups whose albums and live performances relate to a fan culture which originated with the 1960s group Grateful Dead and continued Jangle pop is a genre of Alternative rock from the mid-1980s that "marked a return to the chiming guitars and pop melodies of the '60s" bands such as The Krautrock is a generic name for the Experimental music scene that appeared in Germany in the late 1960s and gained popularity throughout the 1970s especially in Britain Power pop (or powerpop) is a popular Musical genre that draws its inspiration from 1960s British and American pop and Rock music. Psychedelic rock is a style of Rock music that attempts to replicate the mind-altering experiences of hallucinogenic drugs. Pub rock is a style of Australian Rock and roll popular throughout the 1970s and 1980s and still influencing contemporary Australian music today Pub rock was a mid- to late-1970s musical movement largely centred around North London and South East Essex, particularly Canvey Island and Southend Rock en Español ( Spanish for Rock in Spanish) refers to the Spanish-language Rock music. Soft rock, also referred to as light rock or easy rock, is a style of Music which uses the techniques of Rock and roll to compose a softer Southern rock is a subgenre of Rock music. It developed in the Southern United States from Rock and roll, Country music, and Blues Surf music is a Genre of Popular music associated with Surf culture, particularly Orange County and other areas of Southern California Aboriginal rock refers to a style of Music which mixes Rock music with the instrumentation and singing styles of Aboriginal people Afro Rock is (an offshoot of Afrobeat) is a popular dance Music pioneered in the late 1960's and early 1970's by such groups as Monomono, Osibisa Turkish rock or Anatolian Rock (Anadolu Rock is a fusion of Turkish folk and Rock music. Blues-rock is a hybrid musical genre combining Bluesy improvisations over the 12-bar blues and extended Boogie jams with Rock Boogaloo or Bugalu ( shing-a-ling, popcorn music) is a genre of Latin music and Dance that was very popular in the United States in For the geological term see Country rock (geology. Country rock is a Musical Genre formed from the fusion of rock Nuevo Flamenco ("New Flamenco" is synonymous with contemporary Flamenco and is a modern derivative of traditional flamenco (see the Cafés cantantes period Folk rock is a musical genre combining elements of Folk music and rock music. Indorock is a musical genre originating in the 1950s in the Netherlands and Europe Fusion or more specifically jazz fusion or jazz rock, is a Musical genre that merges Jazz with elements of other styles of music particularly Madchester was an Alternative rock genre that developed in Manchester, England, towards the end of the 1980s and into the early 1990s Progressive rock (often shortened to " progressive " " prog " or " prog rock " is a form of Rock music that evolved Punta rock or Belizean punta is a form of the traditional Punta Rhythm of the Garifuna people of Belize. Raga rock is a term used to describe Rock and roll records with heavy South Asian influence either in construction Timbre or use of instrumentation such Raï (راي is a form of folk music, originated in Oran Algeria from Bedouin Shepherds mixed with Spanish, French, Rockabilly is one of the earliest styles of Rock and roll music and emerged in the early 1950s A form of Cuban music made with elements of Timba, Nueva trova and Rock and roll made since the late 1980s by groups like "Vanito y La Lucha Almada" Samba rock is a genre of Rock music. Created in the 1960s the genre combines the sounds of soul, Funk and Brazilian Samba Space rock is a subgenre of Rock music; the term originally referred to a group of early mostly British 1970s Progressive rock and psychedelic Stoner rock and stoner metal are interchangeable terms describing sub-genres of rock and metal music The moment when 'Argentine' rock began as a distinct musical style can be traced to the middle 1960s when several garage groups and aspiring musicians began composing Songs and Lyrics Rock'n'roll, as a Musical genre, originated in the United States and was adopted and developed through the efforts of musicians from various ethnicities and countries Australian rock and pop musicians have produced a wide variety of music Belarusian rock has been developing from the early 1980s The most important rock bands include Mroja (later as N Rock and roll was established in Belgium only in the late 1970s long after the style had penetrated most of the rest of the world The Rock music of Bosnia and Herzegovina mostly developed during the time when Bosnia was part of socialist Yugoslavia. Brazilian rock refers to Rock music produced in Brazil and usually sung in Portuguese. Canada has been a source of Rock and roll music for decades beginning with Paul Anka who in 1957 went to New York City where he recorded his own composition Rock and roll is a style of popular broad-ranging music known throughout the world Rock and roll in Cuba began in the late 1950s with artists covering American songs translated into Spanish, as was occurring in Mexico Croatian popular music is the Popular music of Croatia. Prominent Mainstream pop artists include Danijela Martinović, Severina Denmark is a European country that began importing popular American Rock and roll music in the 1950s when that style was conquering audiences across the continent Dominican rock, (known as "Rock Dominicano" in Dominican Republic) is rock music created by Dominican groups and soloists The Estonian rock music scene saw its beginnings in the mid-sixties during Khruschev 's thaw in the Soviet Union and the rise of British bands all over the world Finnish rock (“Finnenglish” suomirock or Finnish: suomirokki — also known as Finnsrock, Finnrock or Finrock) refers to Rock music French rock is a form of Rock music produced primarily in France, but also in other Francophone countries Rock and roll spread around the world in the 1950s and 60s entering Greece in the middle of the latter decade Although German rock music ( Deutschrock) didn't come into its own until the late 1960s it spawned many innovative and influential bands spanning genres such as Krautrock Hungarian rock has been a part of the popular Music of Hungary since the early 1960s Rock and roll is a style of popular American music which has spread across the world including to the North Atlantic island nation of Iceland. Indian Rock is a tall peak on the Columbia Plateau in Washington, USA. Indonesia is culturally diverse and every one of the 18000 islands has its own cultural and artistic history and character Rock and roll has been a part of the Music of Ireland since the 1960s when the British Invasion brought British blues, Psychedelic rock Israeli rock is Rock music created by Israeli bands and singers Italy is a European country and has had a long relationship with Rock and roll, a style of music which spread to the country by the early 1960s from the United The modern Japanese music scene includes a wide array of performers in distinct styles both traditional and modern ranging from rock electro punk folk metal reggae salsa and tango Latvian rock has been an important part of Latvia 's music scene since the 1980s when it was a part of the discontents of Soviet rule 1960s-1970s During this period the Communist government of the Lithuanian SSR confronted Rock music, which was considered a decadent and corrupting cultural invasion Malaysian rock is popular locally and overseas Malaysian youth are typically into the Punk culture and this is reflected in the music they write Mexican rock, often referred to in Mexico as Rock nacional ("national rock" is Rock music created by Mexican groups and soloists Nepalese rock refers to Rock music culture of Nepal History Origins The rock music scene of Nepal originated with the arrival of Kiwi rock is a term used informally to describe New Zealand Rock music and the culture surrounding Rock music in New Zealand. Norway has produced a number of famous rock bands including the pop group A-ha. Rock entered the Peruvian scene in the late-1950s through listening to performers like Elvis Presley, Buddy Holly and Bill Haley, Pinoy Rock, or Filipino Rock, is the brand of Rock music produced in the Philippines or by Filipinos. One of the earliest pioneers of Polish rock was Tadeusz Nalepa, a singer guitarist and songwriter who began his career playing pop music in his group Blackout before turning The Portuguese rock scene hit mainstream in 1980 with the release of Ar de Rock by Rui Veloso, which was the first popular Portuguese Russian rock ( Pусский рок) refers to Rock music made in Russia and/or in Russian. Serbian rock is the Rock music scene of Serbia. During the 1950s 1960s 1970s and the 1980s while Serbia was a constituent republic inside Socialist Rock and roll is a Musical genre from the United States, popularized worldwide beginning in the 1950s Spain has produced a great variety of Rock and roll, but the most distinctive style may be Flamenco-rock. Rock and roll first entered Switzerland in the 1950s as a series of American musicians popularized the style internationally Some of the earliest Tatar rock bands were Soviet bands Saq-Soq and Bolgar as well as Başqarma from Finland, bands active in the late Thai rock is rock music by Thai bands Thai rock bands include A Turkish rock or Anatolian Rock (Anadolu Rock is a fusion of Turkish folk and Rock music. Ukrainian rock bands include Braty Hadiukiny, Komu Vnyz, Plach Yeremiyi, Taras Petrynenko, Oleksij Kerekesha & Fata British rock and roll, or Brit rock, was born out of the influence of Rock and roll and Rhythm and blues from the United States, but added American rock is Rock music from the United States. Rock and roll originated in the United States from the synthesis of Blues, country Uruguayan rock first emerged in the Uruguay in the 1950s The real breakthrough for rock in Uruguay however as in much of the world was the arrival of The Beatles Zam-rock is Rock and roll music from the African nation of Zambia. In Music, back beat (also backbeat) is a term applied both to a specific style of Rhythmic Accentuation with accent on even Rock operas, Concept albums Song cycles and Oratorios all differ from a conventional rock album which usually includes songs that are unrelated to each A musical ensemble is a group of two or more Musicians who perform instrumental or vocal Music. Rock and roll|Popular music|List of popular music performers|Country music|List of country music performersThis is a list of rock and roll performers. The Rock and Roll Hall of Fame and Museum is a Museum located on the shores of Lake Erie in downtown Cleveland Ohio, United States The massive popularity and worldwide scope of Rock and roll resulted in a powerful level of social impact Popular music is Music belonging to any of a number of musical styles that are accessible to the general public and are disseminated by one or more The guitar is a Musical instrument with ancient roots that is used in a wide variety of musical styles A drum kit (also drum set or trap set) is a collection of Drums Cymbals and sometimes other Percussion instruments such as cowbells The electric bass guitar (also called electric bass, or simply bass; ˈbeɪs as in "base" is a Stringed instrument played primarily with the Many styles of rock music also use keyboard instruments such as organ, piano, mellotron, and synthesizers. The organ (from Greek όργανον – organon "organ instrument tool" is a Keyboard instrument of one or more divisions each The piano is a Musical instrument played by means of a keyboard that produces sound by striking steel strings with Felt covered hammers The Mellotron is an electro-mechanical polyphonic keyboard originally developed and built in Birmingham, England in the early 1960s Other instruments sometimes utilized in rock include saxophone, harmonica, violin, flute, French horn, banjo, melodica, and timpani. The saxophone (commonly referred to simply as sax) is a conical- bored transposing Musical instrument considered a member of the Woodwind A harmonica is a free reed Wind instrument which is played by blowing air into it or drawing air out by placing lips over individual holes (reed chambers or The violin is a bowed String instrument with four strings usually tuned in Perfect fifths It is the smallest and highest-pitched member The flute is a Musical instrument of the Woodwind family Unlike other woodwind instruments a flute is a Reedless wind instrument that produces its The banjo is a Stringed instrument developed by enslaved Africans in the United States, adapted from several African instruments The melodica is a Free-reed instrument similar to the Accordion and Harmonica. Timpani (also known colloquially as kettledrums or kettle drums) are Musical instruments in the percussion family Also, less common stringed instruments such as mandolin and sitar are used. A mandolin is a musical instrument in the Lute family (plucked or strummed The sitar ( Hindi: सितार Urdu: ستار Persian: سی تار) is a Plucked stringed instrument. Rock music usually has a strong back beat, and often revolves around the guitar, either solid electric, hollow electric, or acoustic. In Music, back beat (also backbeat) is a term applied both to a specific style of Rhythmic Accentuation with accent on even
Rock music has its roots in 1940s and 1950s rock and roll and rockabilly, which evolved from blues, country music and other influences. Rock and roll (also known as rock 'n' roll) is a form of Music that evolved in the United States in the late 1940s and early 1950s with roots in mostly African Rockabilly is one of the earliest styles of Rock and roll music and emerged in the early 1950s The Blues is a vocal and instrumental form of Music based on the use of the Blue notes It emerged as an accessible form of self-expression Country music is a blend of popular musical forms originally found in the Southern United States and the Appalachian Mountains. According to the All Music Guide, "In its purest form, Rock & Roll has three chords, a strong, insistent back beat, and a catchy melody. allmusic (previously All Music Guide) is a Metadata database about music owned by All Media Guide. Early rock & roll drew from a variety of sources, primarily blues, R&B, and country, but also gospel, traditional pop, jazz, and folk. All of these influences combined in a simple, blues-based song structure that was fast, danceable, and catchy. "[1]
In the late 1960s, rock music was blended with folk music to create folk rock, blues to create blues-rock and with jazz, to create jazz-rock fusion, and without a time signature to create psychedelic rock. Folk rock is a musical genre combining elements of Folk music and rock music. Blues-rock is a hybrid musical genre combining Bluesy improvisations over the 12-bar blues and extended Boogie jams with Rock Fusion or more specifically jazz fusion or jazz rock, is a Musical genre that merges Jazz with elements of other styles of music particularly Psychedelic rock is a style of Rock music that attempts to replicate the mind-altering experiences of hallucinogenic drugs. In the 1970s, rock incorporated influences from soul, funk, and latin music. The soul, according to many religious and philosophical beliefs is the self-awareness, or Consciousness, unique to a particular living Funk is an American musical style that originated in the mid- to late-1960s when African American musicians blended Soul music, Soul Latin ( lingua Latīna, laˈtiːna is an Italic language, historically spoken in Latium and Ancient Rome. Also in the 1970s, rock developed a number of subgenres, such as soft rock, heavy metal, hard rock, progressive rock, and punk rock. Soft rock, also referred to as light rock or easy rock, is a style of Music which uses the techniques of Rock and roll to compose a softer Hard rock (also referred to as heavy rock) is a variation of Rock music which has its earliest roots in mid-1960s garage and Psychedelic rock Progressive rock (often shortened to " progressive " " prog " or " prog rock " is a form of Rock music that evolved Rock subgenres that emerged in the 1980s included synthpop, hardcore punk and alternative rock. Synthpop is a subgenre of New Wave and Pop music in which the Synthesizer is the dominant musical instrument Hardcore punk (now usually referred to as simply hardcore) is a subgenre of Punk rock that originated in North America in the late 1970s Alternative rock (also called alternative music, alt-rock or simply alternative; known primarily in the UK as indie) is a genre of In the 1990s, rock subgenres included grunge, Britpop, indie rock, and nu metal. Britpop is a subgenre of Alternative rock that originated in the United Kingdom. Indie rock is genre of Alternative rock that primarily exists in the independent Underground music scene Nu metal (sometimes named new metal or nü metal) is a musical genre that emerged in the mid 1990s which fuses influences from grunge and Alternative
A group of musicians specializing in rock music is called a rock band or rock group. A musician is a person who plays or writes Music. Musicians can be classified by their roles in creating or performing music An instrumentalist plays a Many rock groups consist of a guitarist, lead singer, bass guitarist, and drummer, forming a quartet. A guitarist is a Musician who plays the Guitar. Guitarists may perform solo pieces or play with ensembles and bands of a wide variety of genres A bass player (bassist is a Musician who plays a Double bass, Bass guitar, keyboard bass or wind A drummer is a Musician who plays a Drum or drums particularly a Drum kit ("drum set" or "trap set" Marching percussion In Music, a quartet (quatuor Quartett quartetto cuarteto is a method of instrumentation (or a medium used to perform a musical composition and consisting of four parts Some groups omit one or more of these roles and/or utilize a lead singer who plays an instrument while singing, forming a trio or duo; others include additional musicians such as one or two rhythm guitarists and/or a keyboardist. Rhythm guitar is the use of a Guitar to provide Rhythmic chordal Accompaniment for a singer or other instruments in a Musical ensemble A keyboardist is a Musician who plays Keyboard instruments Until the early 1960s musicians who played keyboards were generally classified as either pianists More rarely, groups also utilize stringed instruments such as violins or cellos, and/or horns like saxophones, trumpets or trombones. The violin is a bowed String instrument with four strings usually tuned in Perfect fifths It is the smallest and highest-pitched member The violoncello (abbreviated to cello, or 'cello, plural cellos or celli —the c is tʃ The saxophone (commonly referred to simply as sax) is a conical- bored transposing Musical instrument considered a member of the Woodwind The trombone is a Musical instrument in the brass family Like all brass instruments it is a lip-reed Aerophone: sound is produced when the player’s
Contents |
The mid-1950s-early 1960s
Early British rock
In the United Kingdom the trad jazz movement brought visiting blues music artists to Britain, While BAC was developing the Concorde, Lonnie Donegan's 1955 hit "Rock Island Line" was a major influence, and helped to develop the trend of skiffle music groups throughout the country, including John Lennon's the Quarry Men. British rock and roll, or Brit rock, was born out of the influence of Rock and roll and Rhythm and blues from the United States, but added Trad jazz short for "traditional jazz" is a Music genre popular in Britain and Australia from the 1940s onward through the 1950s and which still The Blues is a vocal and instrumental form of Music based on the use of the Blue notes It emerged as an accessible form of self-expression Lonnie Donegan MBE ( 29 April 1931 &ndash 3 November 2002) was a Skiffle musician possibly the most famous of them all " Rock Island Line " is an American Blues / folk song performed and first recorded by Lead Belly in the 1930s Skiffle is a type of Folk music with Jazz, Blues and Country influences usually using homemade or improvised instruments such as the Washboard John Winston Ono Lennon, MBE (born The Quarrymen (circa late 1956—October 1959/1997—present are an English Skiffle band that was formed in Liverpool in the latter part of 1956 by John Britain developed a major rock and roll scene, without the race barriers which kept "race records" or rhythm and blues separate in the U. S.
Cliff Richard had the first British rock 'n' roll hit with "Move It", effectively ushering in the sound of British rock. Sir Cliff Richard, OBE, (born Harry Roger Webb on 14 October 1940 is an English Singer, Actor and Businessman. " Move It " is a song recorded by Cliff Richard and the Drifters (the UK band that would evolve into The Shadows) British rock and roll, or Brit rock, was born out of the influence of Rock and roll and Rhythm and blues from the United States, but added At the start of the 1960s, his backing group The Shadows was one of a number of groups having success with surf music instrumentals. The Shadows are an English instrumental and vocal Rock and roll group active from the 1950s to the 2000s Surf music is a Genre of Popular music associated with Surf culture, particularly Orange County and other areas of Southern California And while rock 'n' roll was fading into lightweight pop and schmaltzy ballads, at clubs and local dances British rock groups, heavily influenced by blues-rock pioneers like Alexis Korner, were starting to play with an intensity and drive seldom found in white American acts. A musical ensemble is a group of two or more Musicians who perform instrumental or vocal Music. Blues-rock is a hybrid musical genre combining Bluesy improvisations over the 12-bar blues and extended Boogie jams with Rock Alexis Korner (19 April 1928 – 1 January 1984 born Alexis Andrew Nicholas Koerner, was a pioneering Blues Musician and broadcaster who has sometimes
By the end of 1962, the British rock scene had started, with groups drawing on a wide range of American influences including soul music, rhythm and blues and surf music. British rock and roll, or Brit rock, was born out of the influence of Rock and roll and Rhythm and blues from the United States, but added Soul music is a Music genre that combines Rhythm and blues and Gospel music, originating in the United States. Initially, they reinterpreted standard American tunes, playing for dancers doing the twist, for example. "The Twist" was a dance in the 1960s inspired by rock and roll music These groups eventually infused their original rock compositions with increasingly complex musical ideas.
In mid-1962 The Rolling Stones started as one of a number of groups increasingly showing blues influence, along with The Animals and The Yardbirds. The Animals were an English music group of the 1960s known in the United States as part of the British Invasion. The Yardbirds are an English rock band noted for starting the careers of three of rock's most famous Guitarists Eric Clapton, Jeff Beck In late 1964, The Kinks, The Who and The Pretty Things represented the new Mod style. The Kinks were an English pop and rock group formed in 1963 and categorised in the US as a British Invasion band The Who are an English rock band formed in 1964. The primary lineup consisted of guitarist Pete Townshend The Pretty Things are a Rock and roll band from London. They pioneered a raw approach to Rhythm and blues that influenced a number of key Mod (originally modernist, sometimes capitalised is a Subculture that originated in London in the late 1950s and peaked in the early to mid 1960s Towards the end of the decade, British rock groups began to explore psychedelic musical styles that made reference to the drug subculture and hallucinogenic experiences.
1960s Garage rock
The British Invasion spawned a wave of imitators that played mainly to local audiences and made inexpensive recordings, a movement later called garage rock. The British Invasion was the term applied by the news media — and subsequently by consumers — to the influx of Rock and roll, beat and pop performers Some music from this trend is included in the compilation album Nuggets. Some of the better known bands of this genre include The Sonics, Question Mark & the Mysterians, and The Standells. See Seattle SuperSonics for the basketball team The Sonics are an American Garage rock band that were part of the Pacific Question Mark and the Mysterians (or ? and the Mysterians) were an American Rock and roll band formed in Bay City Michigan, in 1962 The Standells were a 1960's Garage rock band from Los Angeles, California.
1960s Surf music
The rockabilly sound influenced a wild, mostly instrumental sound called surf music, though surf culture saw itself as a competing youth culture to rock and roll. Surf music is a Genre of Popular music associated with Surf culture, particularly Orange County and other areas of Southern California Rockabilly is one of the earliest styles of Rock and roll music and emerged in the early 1950s Surf music is a Genre of Popular music associated with Surf culture, particularly Orange County and other areas of Southern California Surf culture includes the people language fashion and life surrounding the sport of modern Surfing. A youth subculture is a Youth -based Subculture with distinct styles behaviours and interests This style, exemplified by Dick Dale and The Surfaris, featured faster tempos, innovative percussion, and reverb- and echo-drenched electric guitar sounds. Dick Dale (born Richard Anthony Monsour on May 4, 1937, in Boston, Massachusetts) is a Surf rock guitarist, The Surfaris were an American Surf music band formed in Glendora, California in 1962 An electric guitar is a type of Guitar that uses pickups to convert the vibration of its steel-cored strings into an electrical current which is made louder In the UK, British groups included The Shadows. The Shadows are an English instrumental and vocal Rock and roll group active from the 1950s to the 2000s Other West Coast bands, such as The Beach Boys and Jan and Dean slowed the tempos down and added lush harmony vocals to create what became known as the "California Sound". The Beach Boys is an American rock band Formed in 1961 the group gained popularity for its close vocal harmonies and lyrics reflecting a California Youth culture Jan and Dean were a Rock and roll duo, popular from the late 1950s through the mid 1960s consisting of William Jan Berry ( April 3, . .
Rock as a counterculture movement (1963-1974)
In the late 1950s the US beatnik counterculture was associated with the wider anti-war movement building against the threat of the atomic bomb, notably CND in Britain. Counterculture (also " counter-culture " is a sociological term used to describe the values and norms of behavior of a Cultural group, or Both were associated with the jazz scene and with the growing folk song movement. Jazz is an American Musical art form which originated in the beginning of the 20th century in African American communities in the Southern United States Folk music can have a number of different meanings including Traditional music: The original meaning of the term "folk music" was synonymous
Folk rock
The folk scene was made up of folk music lovers who liked acoustic instruments, traditional songs, and blues music with a socially progressive message. Bob Dylan (born Robert Zimmerman, May 24 1941 in Duluth, Minnesota) is an American singer-songwriter author poet and painter who has been a major Folk rock is a musical genre combining elements of Folk music and rock music. Country blues (also folk blues, rural blues, backwoods blues, or downhome blues) refers to all The folk genre was pioneered by Woody Guthrie. Woodrow Wilson "Woody" Guthrie (July 14 1912–October 3 1967 was an American Singer-songwriter and Folk musician Guthrie's musical legacy Bob Dylan came to the fore in this movement, and his hits with Blowin' in the Wind and Masters of War brought "protest songs" to a wider public. Bob Dylan (born Robert Zimmerman, May 24 1941 in Duluth, Minnesota) is an American singer-songwriter author poet and painter who has been a major " Blowin' in the Wind " is a Song written by Bob Dylan and released on his 1963 album The Freewheelin' Bob Dylan. "Masters of War" is a song by Bob Dylan, written in 1963 and released on the album The Freewheelin' Bob Dylan. A protest song is a Song which Protests against perceived problems in Society.
The Byrds, playing Bob Dylan's Mr. Tambourine Man, helped start the trend of folk rock, and helped stimulate the development of psychedelic rock. The Byrds were a popular American rock band formed in Los Angeles, California in 1964 For The Byrds ' album of the same name see Mr Tambourine Man (album. Folk rock is a musical genre combining elements of Folk music and rock music. Psychedelic rock is a style of Rock music that attempts to replicate the mind-altering experiences of hallucinogenic drugs. Dylan continued, with his "Like a Rolling Stone" becoming a US hit single. " Like a Rolling Stone " is a song by American songwriter Bob Dylan. Neil Young's lyrical inventiveness and wailing electric guitar attack created a variation of folk rock. Neil Percival Young OM (born November 12, 1945, Toronto Ontario) is a Canadian Singer-songwriter, Musician Other folk rock artists include Simon & Garfunkel, Joan Baez, The Mamas & the Papas, Joni Mitchell, Bobby Darin and The Band. Simon & Garfunkel are an American Singer-songwriter duo of Paul Simon and Art Garfunkel. Joan Chandos Baez (born January 9, 1941 in Staten Island, New York) an American Folk singer and Songwriter known The Mamas & the Papas (credited as The Mama's and the Papa's on the debut album cover were a Vocal group of the 1960s. Joni Mitchell, CC (born Roberta Joan Anderson on November 7 1943) is a Canadian Musician, Songwriter, and Bobby Darin (born Walden Robert "Bobby" Cassotto, May 14 1936 &ndash December 20, 1973) was one of the most popular The Band was a rock group active from 1967 to 1976 and again from 1983 to 1999
In Britain, Fairport Convention began applying rock techniques to traditional British folk songs, followed by groups such as Steeleye Span, Lindisfarne, Pentangle, and Trees. Steeleye Span is a British Electric folk band formed in 1969 and remaining active today Lindisfarne were a British folk / rock group of the 1970s fronted by singer/songwriter Alan Hull. Pentangle is a British Folk rock (or folk-jazz band The original band was active in the late 1960s and early 1970s its successor has been active since the early Trees was an English Folk rock band that existed between 1969 and 1972 Alan Stivell in Brittany had the same approach. Alan Stivell (born Alan Cochevelou January 6, 1944) is a French musician whose father came from the small town of Gourin, Brittany
Psychedelic rock
Psychedelia began in the folk scene, with the Holy Modal Rounders introducing the term in 1964. Psychedelic rock is a style of Rock music that attempts to replicate the mind-altering experiences of hallucinogenic drugs. The Holy Modal Rounders were an American Folk music duo from the Lower East Side of New York City which started in the early 1960s consisting of Peter Stampfel With a background including folk and jug band music, with bands like the Grateful Dead and Big Brother & the Holding Company being two famous bands of the genre.
The Fillmore was a regular venue for groups like another former jug band, Country Joe and the Fish, and Jefferson Airplane. For the San Francisco neighborhood see Fillmore District. For other venues named Fillmore see Fillmore#Music venues. Country Joe and the Fish was a rock band most widely known for musical protests against the Vietnam War, from 1966 to 1971. Jefferson Airplane was an American rock band from San Francisco, a pioneer of the Psychedelic rock movement Elsewhere, The Byrds had a hit with Eight Miles High. The Byrds were a popular American rock band formed in Los Angeles, California in 1964 " Eight Miles High " is a Song by Gene Clark, Jim McGuinn, and David Crosby, first appearing as a single from 1966 by The 13th Floor Elevators titled their album The Psychedelic Sounds of the 13th Floor Elevators. The Psychedelic Sounds of the 13th Floor Elevators is a 1966 Album by 13th Floor Elevators. The music increasingly became associated with opposition to the Vietnam War. The Vietnam War, also known as the Second Indochina War, or the Vietnam Conflict, occurred in Vietnam, Laos and Cambodia
In England, Pink Floyd had been developing psychedelic rock since 1965 in the underground culture scene. Pink Floyd are Underground culture, or just underground, is a term to describe various Alternative cultures which either consider themselves different from the Mainstream In 1966 the band Soft Machine was formed. Soft Machine was an English rock band from Canterbury, named after the book The Soft Machine by William S Donovan had a folk music-influenced hit with Sunshine Superman, one of the early psychedelic pop records. Donovan ( Donovan Phillips Leitch, born 10 May 1946 in Glasgow) is a Scottish Singer-songwriter and guitarist " Sunshine Superman " is a song written and recorded by Scottish Singer-songwriter Donovan. In August 1966 The Beatles released their Revolver album, which featured psychedelia in "Tomorrow Never Knows" and in "Yellow Submarine", along with the memorable album cover. The Beatles were a pop and rock band from Liverpool, England formed in 1960 Revolver is the seventh album by English rock band The Beatles, released on 5 August 1966. " Tomorrow Never Knows " is the final track of The Beatles ' 1966 studio album Revolver. " Yellow Submarine " is a 1966 song by The Beatles (credited to Lennon/McCartney) which was recorded by John Lennon, Paul McCartney The Beach Boys responded in the U. The Beach Boys is an American rock band Formed in 1961 the group gained popularity for its close vocal harmonies and lyrics reflecting a California Youth culture S. with Pet Sounds. Pet Sounds is a 1966 album recorded by American pop group The Beach Boys. From a blues rock background, the British supergroup Cream debuted in December, and Jimi Hendrix became popular in Britain before returning to the US. Blues-rock is a hybrid musical genre combining Bluesy improvisations over the 12-bar blues and extended Boogie jams with Rock Cream were a 1960s British rock band James Marshall Hendrix (born Johnny Allen Hendrix) (November 27 1942 – September 18 1970 was an American Guitarist, Singer and Songwriter
1967 was the year when the psychedelic scene truly took off. Many pioneering records came out including the first album from The Doors and Jefferson Airplane's highly successful Surrealistic Pillow. This article is about the band For their self-titled debut album see The Doors (album; for the Oliver Stone film see The Doors (film; for Doors in computing Jefferson Airplane was an American rock band from San Francisco, a pioneer of the Psychedelic rock movement Surrealistic Pillow is an album by American Psychedelic rock band Jefferson Airplane, released in February 1967 The Beatles' groundbreaking album Sgt. Pepper's Lonely Hearts Club Band was released in June, and by the end of the year Pink Floyd's The Piper at the Gates of Dawn, Cream's Disraeli Gears and even The Rolling Stones's Their Satanic Majesties Request. Sgt Pepper's Lonely Hearts Club Band is the eighth studio album by the British rock band The Beatles. Pink Floyd are The Piper at the Gates of Dawn is Pink Floyd 's debut album and the only one made under Syd Barrett 's leadership although he made some contributions to Disraeli Gears is the second album by British Blues-rock group Cream. Their Satanic Majesties Request is a Psychedelic rock album by The Rolling Stones recorded and released in 1967 As the Summer of Love reached its peak, the Monterey Pop Festival went underway headlining the top bands of the genre including Jefferson Airplane and also introducing Janis Joplin and Jimi Hendrix to the mainstream. This article refers to the summer of 1967 For the film of a similar name please go to My Summer of Love. The Monterey International Pop Music Festival was a three-day concert event held June 16 to June 18 1967 at the Monterey County Fairgrounds in Monterey Jefferson Airplane was an American rock band from San Francisco, a pioneer of the Psychedelic rock movement Janis Lyn Joplin ( January 19, 1943 – October 4, 1970) was an American singer songwriter and music arranger from James Marshall Hendrix (born Johnny Allen Hendrix) (November 27 1942 – September 18 1970 was an American Guitarist, Singer and Songwriter
The culmination of rock and roll as a socially-unifying force was seen in the rock festivals of the late '60s, the most famous of which was Woodstock in 1969 which began as a three-day arts and music festival and turned into a "happening", as hundreds of thousands of youthful fans converged on the site. A rock festival, or a rock fest, is a large-scale outdoor Rock music Concert, featuring multiple acts often spread out over several days
Psychedelic rock enjoyed a modest revival in the mid-1980s as prominent bands like Echo and the Bunnymen and R.E.M. incorporated sounds lifted from earlier groups like The Doors and The Byrds into the burgeoning post-punk scene. Echo & the Bunnymen are an English Post-punk group formed in Liverpool in 1978 REM is an American rock band formed in Athens, Georgia, in 1980 by Michael Stipe ( lead vocals) Peter Buck ( Guitar Additionally, the collectively-titled Paisley Underground bands of Los Angeles epitomized the role played by Sixties psychedelia and folk-rock in American new wave. Paisley Underground is a term used to describe a genre of Rock music, based primarily in Los Angeles California, which was at its most popular in the mid-1980s
Progressive rock
Progressive rock bands went beyond the established rock music formulas by experimenting with different instruments, song types, and musical forms. Progressive rock (often shortened to " progressive " " prog " or " prog rock " is a form of Rock music that evolved Progressive rock (often shortened to " progressive " " prog " or " prog rock " is a form of Rock music that evolved The Who popularized the rock opera. The Who are an English rock band formed in 1964. The primary lineup consisted of guitarist Pete Townshend Some bands such as The Animals, Pink Floyd, The Moody Blues, Procol Harum, and Deep Purple experimented with new instruments including wind sections, string sections, and full orchestras. The Animals were an English music group of the 1960s known in the United States as part of the British Invasion. Pink Floyd are The Moody Blues are an English psychedelic rock band originally from Erdington in the city of Birmingham. Procol Harum are a British rock band formed in the 1960s which built an important foundation for what would become Progressive rock, or perhaps more Deep Purple are an English rock band formed in Hertfordshire in 1968 Many of these bands moved well beyond the formulaic three-minute rock songs into longer, increasingly sophisticated songs and chord structures. With inspiration from these earlier artists, referred to as "proto-prog", it flowered into its own genre, initially based in the UK, after King Crimson's 1969 genre-defining debut album, In the Court of the Crimson King. In the Court of the Crimson King (an observation by King Crimson is the 1969 debut Album by the British Progressive rock group King Progressive rock bands borrowed musical ideas from classical, jazz, electronic, and experimental music. Progressive rock songs ranged from lush, beautiful songs to atonal, dissonant, and complex songs. Few achieved major mainstream success, but large cults followed many of the groups. Pink Floyd, Yes, Rush, Jethro Tull, Genesis, and a few less notable others were able to work in hit singles to their otherwise complex and untraditional albums to garner a larger audience. Pink Floyd are Yes are an English Progressive rock band that formed in London in 1968. Rush is a Canadian rock band originally formed in August 1968 in the Willowdale neighbourhood of Toronto, Ontario, currently comprised of Jethro Tull are a British rock group formed in 1967-1968 Their music is marked by the distinctive vocal style and lead Flute work of front man Genesis are an English rock band formed in 1967 With approximately 150 million albums sold worldwide Genesis are among the top 30 highest-selling recording artists
By the late-1960s, German audiences began listening to progressive rock bands from Britain and the United States. Krautrock is a generic name for the Experimental music scene that appeared in Germany in the late 1960s and gained popularity throughout the 1970s especially in Britain During this period, avant-garde musicians in Germany were playing electronic classical music. Electronic music is music that employs Electronic musical instruments and Electronic Music technology in its production Classical music is a broad term that usually refers to mainstream music produced in or rooted in the traditions of Western liturgical and Secular music These German avant-garde musicians adapted their electronic instruments for a style of music that blended progressive rock and psychedelic rock sounds. By the early 1970s, German progressive rock (later called krautrock) bands were blending jazz (Can) and Asian music (Popol Vuh). Can was a musical group formed in West Germany in 1968 One of the most important Krautrock groups Can had a style grounded in the Experimental rock of Popol Vuh was a German Krautrock band founded by pianist and keyboardist Florian Fricke in 1970 together with Holger Trulzsch (percussion and Frank Fiedler The music by bands such as Kraftwerk influenced the development of techno and other related genres. Kraftwerk (ˈkʁaftvɛɐk German for " power plant " or " Power station " is an influential Electronic music band from Techno is a form of Electronic dance music (EDM that emerged in Detroit, Michigan, USA during the mid to late 1980s
In Italy progressive rock was also popular in the 1970s. Italy is a European country and has had a long relationship with Rock and roll, a style of music which spread to the country by the early 1960s from the United Italy (Italia officially the Italian Republic, (Repubblica Italiana is located on the Italian Peninsula in Southern Europe, and on the two largest Some Italian progressive rock bands were Premiata Forneria Marconi, Le Orme, Banco del Mutuo Soccorso and Area International Popular Group. Premiata Forneria Marconi (PFM is an Italian Progressive rock band that achieved a high level of popularity in the 1970s with success in both the British Le Orme ("The Footprints" is an Italian psychedelic and progressive rock band formed in 1966 in Marghera ( Venice) Banco del Mutuo Soccorso is an Italian rock band A popular Progressive rock band in the 1970s they continued making music in the 1980s and 1990s Area - International POPular Group, most commonly known as Area or AreA, was an Italian progressive rock, Jazz fusion, electronic experimental
Although Pakistan has a long history of rock music producing legendary bands such as Junoon and Strings it was only in the 90s that progressive rock made its mark on Pakistani rock scene. Pakistani rock or Paki Rock is a form of rock music that is largely produced in Pakistan. Pakistan () officially the Islamic Republic of Pakistan, is a country located in South Asia, Southwest Asia, Middle East and Junoon ( Urdu: جنون) (meaning "obsession" in Urdu and "madness" in Arabic) is one of Pakistan 's most popular Strings is an internationally acclaimed Pakistani pop band comprising two members One of the bands is Mizraab from the city of Karachi who started of in 1996 with their first album An Abstract Point of View. Mizraab is a Progressive metal band from Pakistan. Mizraab means "A plectrum made by hand from a continuous strand of iron used to strike the strings of (ڪراچي) is the largest city in Pakistan. It is the world's second largest city proper behind Mumbai in terms of population which exceeds 10 million Then Panchi in 1999. Panchi ( Urdu: پنچھی) is an album by Mizraab, considered by many to be the first Progressive rock in Pakistan is a touching and Failing to leave an impact with their first albums Mizraab launched their third album Mazi Haal Mustaqbil in 2004 which proved a great success. Maazi Haal Mustaqbil ( Urdu: ماضی حال مستقبل) by Mizraab was released after more than 3 years of struggle in order to release the Pakistani progressive rock is slowly gaining popularity and more bands are making this kind of music.
There are a few rock bands in India, like Silk Route or Euphoria. Indian Rock is a tall peak on the Columbia Plateau in Washington, USA. The music is mainly targeted at young adults and is gaining more acceptance in recent years.
In Turkey progressive rock began to grow with Barış Manço in the mid-1970s. Barış Manço (also spelt Baris Mancho in some European album releases ( January 2, 1943 - February 1, 1999) was a Turkish His symphonic-progressive rock album 2023, released in 1975, is one of the most important albums in Turkey. He made a contribution to the other genres of rock music with his other albums and became a famous rock star in Turkey.
Soft rock
Rock music had a short-lived "bubble gum pop" era, of soft rock, including groups such as The Partridge Family, The Cowsills, The Osmonds, and The Archies. Soft rock, also referred to as light rock or easy rock, is a style of Music which uses the techniques of Rock and roll to compose a softer The Partridge Family was a successful American Television sitcom about a widowed mother and her five children who embarked on a music career The Cowsills were a singing group from Newport Rhode Island specializing in what would later be defined as Bubblegum pop. The Osmonds are an American family pop group who achieved success as teenage music idols in the 1970s For the self-titled syndicated version of the 1968-1978 animated television franchise of which The Archies were a part please see The Archie Show. Other bands or artists added more orchestration and created a popular genre known as soft rock. Performers included Barry Manilow, Neil Diamond, Olivia Newton-John, Elton John, Billy Joel, Gerry Rafferty and Eric Carmen, and groups such as Bread, The Carpenters, Electric Light Orchestra, Fleetwood Mac, The Eagles, England Dan & John Ford Coley, Chicago and Tina Turner. Barry Manilow (born June 17, 1943) is an American Singer-songwriter, Musician, arranger, producer and conductor Neil Leslie Diamond (born January 24, 1941) is an American Singer-songwriter and occasional Actor. Olivia Newton-John, AO, OBE (born September 26 1948) is a Grammy Award -winning and Golden Globe -nominated English-born Sir Elton Hercules John CBE (born Reginald Kenneth Dwight on 25 March 1947 is an English pop / rock Singer, Composer William Martin Joel (born May 9 1949 is an American Pianist and Singer-songwriter. Gerry Rafferty (born Gerald Rafferty 16 April 1947 in Paisley) is a Scottish Singer and Songwriter. Eric Howard Carmen (born August 11 1949 in Cleveland, Ohio, U Bread was a 1970s rock / pop band from Los Angeles, California. The Carpenters were a vocal and instrumental duo consisting of Siblings Karen and Richard Carpenter. Fleetwood Mac are a British / American England Dan & John Ford Coley were an American pop rock duo, made up of Dan Seals (born February 5 1948 Chicago is a Rock band formed in 1967 in Chicago Illinois. The band began as a politically charged sometimes experimental rock band and later moved to a predominately Tina Turner (born Anna Mae Bullock; November 26, 1939) is an eight time Grammy Award -winning American
The mid to late 70s
Hard rock and heavy metal
A second wave of British and American rock bands became popular during the early 1970s. Hard rock (also referred to as heavy rock) is a variation of Rock music which has its earliest roots in mid-1960s garage and Psychedelic rock Bands such as Grand Funk Railroad, The Rolling Stones, Led Zeppelin, Deep Purple, Queen, Alice Cooper, Judas Priest, Status Quo, Aerosmith, Black Sabbath, The Who, and Uriah Heep played highly amplified, guitar-driven hard rock. Grand Funk Railroad (also known as Grand Funk) is an American rock band Led Zeppelin were Deep Purple are an English rock band formed in Hertfordshire in 1968 Queen were an English rock band formed in 1970 in London by guitarist Alice Cooper (born Vincent Damon Furnier; February 4, 1948) is an American rock singer songwriter and musician whose career spans five Judas Priest are an English heavy metal band formed in 1970 in Birmingham. Status quo is a Latin term meaning the present existing state of affairs or "the state in which" Aerosmith is an American Hard rock band sometimes referred to as "The Bad Boys from Boston " and "America's Greatest Rock and Roll Band" Black Sabbath are an The Who are an English rock band formed in 1964. The primary lineup consisted of guitarist Pete Townshend Uriah Heep are an English rock band formed in December 1969 when record producer Gerry Bron invited keyboardist Ken Hensley (previously Hard rock (also referred to as heavy rock) is a variation of Rock music which has its earliest roots in mid-1960s garage and Psychedelic rock Hard Rock fell into caricature and imitation in the late 1970s. Many practitioners released albums closer to progressive rock or disco. Progressive rock (often shortened to " progressive " " prog " or " prog rock " is a form of Rock music that evolved Disco is a Genre of dance-oriented music whose origins are hard to define A few bands including Kiss, Black Sabbath, Queen, AC/DC, Led Zeppelin, Aerosmith and Rush maintained large followings and there were occasional mainstream hits such as Blue Öyster Cult's "(Don't Fear) the Reaper". Kiss (also typeset as KISS) is an American rock band formed in New York City in December 1972 Black Sabbath are an Queen were an English rock band formed in 1970 in London by guitarist AC/DC are an Australian Hard rock band formed in Sydney, Australia in 1973 by brothers Angus and Malcolm Young. Led Zeppelin were Aerosmith is an American Hard rock band sometimes referred to as "The Bad Boys from Boston " and "America's Greatest Rock and Roll Band" Rush is a Canadian rock band originally formed in August 1968 in the Willowdale neighbourhood of Toronto, Ontario, currently comprised of Blue Öyster Cult is an American rock band formed in New York in 1967 and still active in 2008 Music critics overwhelmingly disliked the genre. This began to change in 1978 following the release of Van Halen's self-titled debut album. Van Halen is a Hard rock band formed in in 1972 They enjoyed success from the release of their self titled debut album in 1978 Van Halen is the self-titled debut Album by American Hard rock band Van Halen, released in 1978. The album helped to usher in an era of more commercialized rock and roll, based out of Los Angeles, California. Los Angeles (lɑˈsændʒələs los ˈaŋxeles in Spanish) is the largest City in the state of California and the American West After the Glam side of metal started to end, bands like Metallica, Megadeth, Slayer, and Anthrax returned to the original metal scene. Metallica is an American heavy metal band that formed in 1981 in. Megadeth is an American heavy metal band led by founder front man guitarist and songwriter Dave Mustaine. Slayer is an American Thrash metal band founded by Guitarists Jeff Hanneman and Kerry King in Anthrax is an acute Disease in humans and animals caused by the bacterium Bacillus anthracis which is highly lethal in some forms
Arena rock
The Beatles,The Rolling Stones, Grand Funk Railroad and The Who began the practice of live performances for large audiences in stadiums and arenas. The Beatles were a pop and rock band from Liverpool, England formed in 1960 Grand Funk Railroad (also known as Grand Funk) is an American rock band The Who are an English rock band formed in 1964. The primary lineup consisted of guitarist Pete Townshend The growing popularity of metal and progressive rock led to more bands selling out large venues. Entertainment companies marketed a series of arena rock bands, such as Journey, Boston, Styx, REO Speedwagon, Heart, and Foreigner in the late 70s. Journey is an American rock band formed in San Francisco, California in 1973 Boston is an American rock band from Boston Massachusetts that achieved its most notable successes during the 1970s and 1980s Styx ( pronounced: /stɪks/ is an American Rock band. Their hit songs have included " Come Sail Away " " Babe " " REO Speedwagon is an American rock band which grew in popularity in the Midwestern United States during the 1970s and peaked in the early Heart is a rock band whose founding members came from the Seattle, Washington, scene but came together in Vancouver, British Columbia Foreigner is a rock band formed in New York City in 1976 by veteran musicians Mick Jones and ex- King Crimson member Ian McDonald, Corporate rock has many of the same characteristics with respect to mega-sales of albums and superstar level bands. [2]
Bands carried on driving the development of technology for large scale concerts, notably The Who, Aerosmith, Led Zeppelin, Peter Frampton, Pink Floyd and Queen. The Who are an English rock band formed in 1964. The primary lineup consisted of guitarist Pete Townshend Aerosmith is an American Hard rock band sometimes referred to as "The Bad Boys from Boston " and "America's Greatest Rock and Roll Band" Led Zeppelin were Peter Kenneth Frampton (born 22 April 1950 in Beckenham, Kent) is an English Musician, best known today for his solo Pink Floyd are Queen were an English rock band formed in 1970 in London by guitarist
Punk rock
Punk rock started off as a reaction to the lush, producer-driven sounds of disco, and against the increasing commercialism of hard rock and arena rock. Early punk borrowed heavily from the garage band ethic: played by bands for which expert musicianship was not a requirement, punk was stripped-down, three-chord music that could be played easily. Many of these bands also intended to shock mainstream society. Ramones drummer Tommy Ramone stated, "In its initial form, a lot of [1960s] stuff was innovative and exciting. The Ramones were an American rock band often regarded as the first Punk rock group Tommy Ramone (born Erdélyi Tamás, January 29, 1952 in Budapest, Hungary) is a Hungarian Record producer Unfortunately, what happens is that people who could not hold a candle to the likes of Hendrix started noodling away. Soon you had endless solos that went nowhere. By 1973, I knew that what was needed was some pure, stripped down, no bad rock 'n' roll". [3] While the Ramones were often regarded as the first punk band,[4][5] they had many contemporaries from the same era in the New York scene. The City of New York Artists like Patti Smith, The Heartbreakers, and Television played the same fast paced, stripped-down, style of rock, and often played shows along with the Ramones at burgeoning club CBGB's. Patricia Lee Smith ( born December 30 1946 is an American Singer-songwriter and poet This article is about the punk group For information on Tom Petty's backing band see The Heartbreakers. Television, formed in New York City in 1973 is an American Rock music band CBGB ( Country, Blue Grass, and Blues) was a music club at 315 Bowery at Bleecker Street in the borough of Manhattan While sounding different from than many other punk bands to come the Velvet Underground was also influential to the early punk movement. This article is about the band For their self-titled album see The Velvet Underground (album; for the book see The Velvet Underground (book
In 1976 the Ramones, along with British punk band the Sex Pistols, went on a tour of the United Kingdom. The Sex Pistols are an English Punk rock band that formed in London in 1975 The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, commonly known as the United Kingdom, the UK or Britain,is a Sovereign state located The tour was widely credited for inspiring the first wave of English punk bands such as The Clash, The Damned, and The Buzzcocks. For the debut album by The Clash see The Clash (album The Clash were The Damned are an English band formed in London in 1976 notable for being the first Punk rock band from England to release a single (" New Rose " an Buzzcocks are an English Punk rock band formed in Manchester in 1975 In England, the music became a more violent and political form of expression, represented with the Sex Pistols first two singles "Anarchy in the U.K." and "God Save the Queen". " Anarchy in the UK " is the title of the first single by Sex Pistols, released on November 26 1976. " God Save the Queen " was the second single released by the Punk rock band Sex Pistols. Despite an airplay ban on the BBC, the records rose to the top chart position in the UK. Many in the original punk rock scene claimed that the Sex Pistols and other popular punk bands of the time were compromising a newly emerging underground DIY ethic of punk rock. The Sex Pistols are an English Punk rock band that formed in London in 1975 The DIY ethic ( Do it yourself ethic refers to the ethic of being self-reliant by completing tasks oneself as opposed to having others who are likely more experienced complete This phenomenon was the origin of the phrase "Punks Not Dead. " The Exploited wrote a song entitled 'Punks Not Dead' which immortalized the saying and claimed that even with the advent of more popular punk rock that hardcore punk was now emerging to raise the level of aggression in punk and take it underground once again. The Exploited is a punk band from the second wave of UK punk, formed in 1979 Hardcore punk (now usually referred to as simply hardcore) is a subgenre of Punk rock that originated in North America in the late 1970s Other bands, like The Clash, were less nihilistic, more overtly political and idealistic.
As the Sex Pistols toured America, they spread their music to the West Coast. Before, punk was mostly an East Coast phenomenon in the US, with scenes in New York and Washington D.C.. Washington DC had one of the first and most influential Hardcore punk scenes in the United States during the 1980s In the late 70s California punk bands such as the Dead Kennedys, X, the Beastie Boys (originally forming part of the New York hardcore scene), the Germs and Black Flag, gained greater exposure. The California punk scene is a regional Punk music scene that started in the late 1970s and still exists today Dead Kennedys was an American Hardcore punk band from San Francisco, California. The Germs is an influential Punk rock band from Los Angeles formed in the late 1970s Black Flag was a Hardcore punk band formed in 1977 in southern California, largely as the brainchild of Greg Ginn: the guitarist
Punk's next evolution saw its rise in the underground movement of hardcore punk, a subgenre that originated in North America around 1980. The new sound was generally thicker, heavier and faster than earlier punk rock. Notable bands in this subgenre include Black Flag, Minor Threat and Bad Brains, among numerous others. Minor Threat was an American Hardcore punk band that formed in Washington D Bad Brains are an American Hardcore punk band formed in Washington D The songs are usually short, fast and loud, covering topics ranging from apathy, boredom, politics, personal freedom, violence, social alienation, straight edge, war, and the hardcore subculture itself. Straight Edge refers to a lifestyle that started within the Hardcore punk subculture whose adherents make a commitment to refrain from using alcohol, Tobacco Hardcore spawned several fusion genres and subgenres, some of which had mainstream success, such as skate punk, melodic hardcore and metalcore. Skate punk is a sub-genre of Punk rock which was named because of its popularity among skateboarders, and the fact that many members of skate punk bands Melodic hardcore is a subgenre of Hardcore punk. It is more melodic than traditional hardcore punk Metalcore is an umbrella term used to describe fusion genres that incorporate elements of the Hardcore punk and heavy metal genres
Since punk rock's initial popularity in the 1970s and the renewed interest created by the punk revival of the 1990s, punk rock continues to fight to remain an underground form of anti-corporate expression. This has resulted in several evolved strains of hardcore punk, such as D-beat (a distortion-heavy subgenre influenced by the UK band Discharge), anarcho-punk (such as Crass), grindcore (such as Napalm Death), and crust punk. D-beat (also known as Discore) is a style of Street punk developed in the early 1980s by imitators of Discharge, for whom the genre is named Discharge is a British Hardcore punk band formed in 1977 by Terry "Tez" Roberts and Roy "Rainy" Wainwright Anarcho-punk is a faction of the Punk subculture that consists of bands groups and individuals promoting anarchist politics For information about the Anarchist writer see Chris Crass Crass were an English Anarcho-punk band formed For the fictional character with this name see Grindcore (Transformers. Napalm Death are Crust punk (sometimes simply crust) is one of the evolutions of Anarcho-punk and Hardcore punk, mixed with distorted Extreme metal guitar The latter of which is a politicized fusion of hardcore and extreme metal which has arguably become a dominant voice for the modern political punk movement. Extreme metal is an Umbrella term, somewhat loosely defined for a number of related heavy metal subgenres that have developed since the 1980s Crust punk is typified by bands such as Doom, Amebix, Nausea, and Behind Enemy Lines. Doom were a band which were pivotal in the rise of Crust punk and originated from Birmingham, England. Amebix, formed in England in 1978 as "The Band with No Name" were a band that many consider to have started the sub genre Crust punk. Nausea was an American Anarchist Crust punk band from New York City 's C-Squat in the Lower Eastside of Manhattan active from 1985-1992 These strains remain largely unrecognizable to the majority of the general public and tend to focus on issues such as anarchism, freeganism, animal rights, sexism, and racism. Anarchism is a Political philosophy encompassing theories and attitudes which support the elimination of all compulsory Government, i Freeganism is an anti-consumerist lifestyle whereby people employ alternative living strategies based on "limited participation in the conventional economy and minimal consumption "Animal liberation" redirects here for other uses see Animal liberation (disambiguation. Sexism is the belief or attitude that one Gender or Sex is inferior to or less valuable than the other and can also refer to a Hatred or distrust towards List of racism-related topics|Racism by country Racism, by its simplest definition is the belief that race is the primary determinant of human traits and capacities and that
New Wave
Punk rock attracted devotees from the art and collegiate world and soon bands sporting a more literate, arty approach, such as Talking Heads, and Devo began to infiltrate the punk scene; in some quarters the description New Wave began to be used to differentiate these less overtly punk bands. New Wave is a Rock music genre that existed during the late 1970s and the 1980s Talking head Talking Heads was an American New Wave band formed in 1974 in New York City and active until 1991 Devo (pronounced DEE-vo (IPA /'diːvoʊ/) or dee-VO (IPA /diː'voʊ/) often spelled "DEVO" or "DEV-O" is an American New Wave is a Rock music genre that existed during the late 1970s and the 1980s
If punk rock was a social and musical phenomenon, it garnered little in the way of record sales (small specialty labels such as Stiff Records had released much of the punk music to date) or American radio airplay, as the radio scene continued to be dominated by mainstream formats such as disco and album-oriented rock. Stiff Records is a Record label created in London in 1976 by entrepreneurs Dave Robinson and Andrew Jakeman (aka Jake Riviera Disco is a Genre of dance-oriented music whose origins are hard to define Album-oriented rock (sometimes referred to as Adult-oriented rock or as West Coast Rock) abbreviated AOR and originally called album-oriented radio Record executives, who had been mostly mystified by the punk movement, recognized the potential of the more accessible New Wave acts and began aggressively signing and marketing any band that could claim a remote connection to punk or New Wave. Many of these bands, such as The Cars and the Go-Go's were essentially pop bands dressed up in New Wave regalia; others, including the Police and the Pretenders managed to parlay the boost of the New Wave movement into long-lived and artistically lauded careers. The Cars were an American rock band that emerged from the early New Wave music scene in the late 1970s For the 1960s band see The Go-Go's (1960s. The Go-Go’s are an all-female American Pop band formed in 1978 The Police were a three-piece rock band consisting of Sting ( vocals, Bass guitar) Andy Summers ( Guitar, The Pretenders are a British rock band The original band consisted of group founder and main Songwriter Chrissie Hynde ( lead vocals
Between 1982 and 1985, influenced by Kraftwerk, David Bowie and Gary Numan, New Wave went in the direction of such New Romantics as Duran Duran, A Flock of Seagulls, Psychedelic Furs, Culture Club, Talk Talk and the Eurythmics, sometimes using the synthesizer to replace all other instruments. Kraftwerk (ˈkʁaftvɛɐk German for " power plant " or " Power station " is an influential Electronic music band from David Bowie (ˈboʊiː born David Robert Jones on 8 January 1947 is an English Musician, actor producer, and arranger. Gary Numan (born Gary Anthony James Webb on 8 March 1958 is an English singer composer and musician New Romantic was a short- lived Fashion and music movement that occurred primarily in the United Kingdom and Ireland during the very early 1980s Duran Duran are an English Pop rock band famous for a long series of popular singles, albums and vivid Music videos for which they've won two A Flock of Seagulls (also known as Flock of Seagulls) are an English band originally formed by brothers Mike Score ( keyboards, Vocals The Psychedelic Furs are an English rock band founded in 1977 Culture Club were a Grammy Award -winning British pop group that formed in the early 1980s Talk Talk were a popular British rock group that were active from 1981 to 1991 Eurythmics (often incorrectly referred to as The Eurythmics) is a British Musical duo, formed in 1980 by Annie Lennox and Dave This period coincided with the rise of MTV and led to a great deal of exposure for this brand of synth-pop. MTV ( Music Television) is an American Cable television network based in New York City. Synthpop is a subgenre of New Wave and Pop music in which the Synthesizer is the dominant musical instrument Some rock bands reinvented themselves and profited too from MTV's airplay, for instance Golden Earring, who had a second round of success with "Twilight Zone", but in general the times of guitar-oriented rock were over. Golden Earring are a Dutch rock band founded in 1961 in The Hague as the Golden Earrings (the 's' was dropped in 1969 Twilight Zone is a 1982 hit song by the Dutch Hard rock band Golden Earring. Although many "Greatest of New Wave" collections feature popular songs from this era, New Wave more properly refers to the earlier "skinny tie" rock bands such as the Knack or, more famously Blondie. The Knack are a Los Angeles -based rock band that rose to fame with their first single " My Sharona " an international hit in 1979 (see Blondie is an American rock band that first gained fame in the late 1970s and has so far sold over 60 million records
Post-punk
Alongside New Wave, post-punk developed as an outgrowth of punk rock. Post-punk was a popular musical movement in the mid to late 1970s following on the heels of the initial Punk rock explosion of the early 1970s Post-punk was a popular musical movement in the mid to late 1970s following on the heels of the initial Punk rock explosion of the early 1970s In a way was tied to punk rock. Sometimes thought of as interchangeable with New Wave, post-punk was typically more challenging, arty, and abrasive. The movement was effectively started by the debut of Public Image Ltd. in 1978, formed by former Sex Pistols singer John Lydon (formerly Johnny Rotten), and was soon joined by bands such as Joy Division, Siouxsie & the Banshees, The Fall, Gang of Four, and Echo & the Bunnymen. Public Image Ltd ( PiL) were an English musical group formed in 1978 by vocalist John Lydon, Guitarist Keith Levene The Sex Pistols are an English Punk rock band that formed in London in 1975 John Joseph Lydon (born 31 January 1956 in London England also known as Johnny Rotten, is a British Rock musician best known as lead vocalist for the Punk Joy Division were an English rock band formed in 1976 in Salford, Greater Manchester. Siouxsie & the Banshees were a British rock band which formed in 1976 The Fall are an English Post-punk band formed in Prestwich, Greater Manchester in 1976 Gang of Four are an English Post-punk group from Leeds. Original personnel were singer Jon King, guitarist Andy Gill, bass guitarist Echo & the Bunnymen are an English Post-punk group formed in Liverpool in 1978 Predominantly a British phenomenon, the genre continued into the 1980s with some commercial exposure domestically and overseas, but the most successful band to emerge from post-punk was Ireland's U2, which by the late 1980s had become one of the biggest bands in the world. Ireland (pronounced /ˈaɾlənd/ Éire) is the third largest island in Europe, and the twentieth-largest island in the world
Rock diversifies in the 1980s
In the 1980s, popular rock diversified. This period also saw the New Wave of British Heavy Metal with bands such as Iron Maiden and Def Leppard gaining popularity. The New Wave of British Heavy Metal (frequently abbreviated as NWOBHM) is a heavy metal music movement that started in the late 1970s in Britain, and achieved For other uses see Iron maiden. The early part of the decade saw Eddie Van Halen achieve musical innovations in rock guitar, while vocalists David Lee Roth (of Van Halen) and Freddie Mercury (of Queen as he had been doing throughout the 1970s) raised the role of frontman to near performance art standards. Edward Lodewijk "Eddie" Van Halen (born January 26 1955 is a Dutch Guitarist, Keyboardist, Songwriter and producer David Lee Roth (often referred to as "Diamond Dave" (born October 10 1954 Bloomington Indiana) is an American rock Vocalist Van Halen is a Hard rock band formed in in 1972 They enjoyed success from the release of their self titled debut album in 1978 Freddie Mercury (born Farrokh Bulsara; 5 September 1946 – 24 November 1991 was a Zanzibar -born British Musician, best known as the lead Queen were an English rock band formed in 1970 in London by guitarist Concurrently, pop-New Wave bands remained popular, with performers like Billy Idol and The Go-Go's gaining fame. Billy Idol (born William Michael Albert Broad, 30 November 1955, Stanmore, Middlesex) is an English rock For the 1960s band see The Go-Go's (1960s. The Go-Go’s are an all-female American Pop band formed in 1978 American heartland rock gained a strong following, exemplified by Bruce Springsteen, Bob Seger, Donnie Iris, John (Cougar) Mellencamp and others. In the late 1970s and 1980s one of the most popular forms of Rock and roll was heartland rock. Robert Clark "Bob" Seger (born May 6, 1945) is an American Rock and roll Singer-songwriter and Musician. Donnie Iris (born February 28, 1943) is an American rock musician known for his work with The Jaggerz and Wild Cherry during the John Mellencamp, previously known as John Cougar and then John Cougar Mellencamp, (born October 7, 1951, in Seymour Indiana) is a Led by the American folk singer-songwriter Paul Simon and the British former prog rock star Peter Gabriel, rock and roll fused with a variety of folk music styles from around the world; this fusion came to be known as "world music", and included fusions like aboriginal rock. Singer-songwriter is a term that refers to Performers who write, compose and sing their own material including Lyrics Paul Frederic Simon (born October 13 1941 is an American Songwriter, Musician, and member of the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame. Progressive rock (often shortened to " progressive " " prog " or " prog rock " is a form of Rock music that evolved Peter Brian Gabriel (born 13 February 1950 in Chobham, Surrey, England) is an English Musician and Songwriter. The term world music includes Traditional music (sometimes called Folk music or roots music of any culture that are created and played by indigenous musicians Aboriginal rock refers to a style of Music which mixes Rock music with the instrumentation and singing styles of Aboriginal people Also, more extreme forms of rock music began to evolve; in the early eighties, the harsh and aggressive thrash metal attracted large underground audiences and a few bands, including Metallica and Megadeth, went on for mainstream success. Thrash metal (sometimes referred to simply as thrash) is an extreme subgenre of heavy metal that is characterized by its fast tempo and aggression Metallica is an American heavy metal band that formed in 1981 in. Megadeth is an American heavy metal band led by founder front man guitarist and songwriter Dave Mustaine.
Glam metal
One genre that was widely popular in the 1980s (c. Glam metal (also known as pop metal) is a sub-genre of Heavy metal music that arose in the late 1970s and early 1980s in the United States. 1983) was glam metal. Glam metal (also known as pop metal) is a sub-genre of Heavy metal music that arose in the late 1970s and early 1980s in the United States. Taking influence from various artists such as Aerosmith, Queen, Kiss, Alice Cooper, Sweet and the New York Dolls, the earliest glam metal bands to gain notability included: Mötley Crüe, W.A.S.P., Ratt and Quiet Riot. Queen were an English rock band formed in 1970 in London by guitarist Kiss (also typeset as KISS) is an American rock band formed in New York City in December 1972 Alice Cooper (born Vincent Damon Furnier; February 4, 1948) is an American rock singer songwriter and musician whose career spans five Sweet (referred to as The Sweet on albums before 1974 and singles before 1975 were a popular 1970s British band. For the self-titled debut album see New York Dolls (album The New York Dolls are an American Glam rock band formed in Mötley Crüe ( IPA pronunciation: /'mɒtliː WASP is an American heavy metal band formed in 1982 and emerged with the L Ratt is an American Glam metal band that formed in San Diego and enjoyed significant commercial success in the 1980s Quiet Riot was an American heavy metal band whose 1983 & 1984 success contributed to launching the 1980s Glam They became known for their debauched lifestyles, teased hair and use of make-up and clothing. Their songs were bombastic and often defiantly macho, with lyrics focused on sex, drinking, drugs, and the occult.
In 1987 a second wave of glam metal acts emerged including Bon Jovi, L.A. Guns and Faster Pussycat. Bon Jovi is an American Hard rock band from Sayreville New Jersey. LA Guns is an American rock band whose music is frequently associated with the L Faster Pussycat is an American Hard rock band from Los Angeles California formed in 1986 named after the 1965 film Faster Pussycat! Kill! Kill! Guns N' Roses emerged from this scene with strong commercial success, though they had a harder edged punk rock influence than most other "glam" bands, thus are not always categorized with them. Guns N' Roses is an American rock band formed in Los Angeles, California in 1985 Guns N' Roses were formed from L. A. Guns and another band, Hollywood Rose.
Instrumental rock
- See also: Instrumental rock
Instrumental rock was also popularized during this period with Joe Satriani's release of Surfing with the Alien. Instrumental rock is a type of Rock music which emphasizes Musical instruments, and which features no or very little Singing. Instrumental rock is a type of Rock music which emphasizes Musical instruments, and which features no or very little Singing. Joseph "Satch" Satriani (born July 15, 1956 in Westbury New York, U Surfing with the Alien is the second Album by Instrumental rock solo artist Joe Satriani, released in 1987 Many guitarists, feeling constrained by the style of music performed by their respective bands, began releasing solo albums that showcased their guitar skills. Guitarists such as: Steve Vai, Paul Gilbert, Vinnie Moore, Tony MacAlpine, Eric Johnson, Yngwie Malmsteen, Buckethead and Steve Morse have all greatly contributed to the genre. Steven "Steve" Siro Vai (born June 6 1960 in Carle Place New York) is an American Instrumental rock Guitarist Paul Brandon Gilbert (born November 6, 1966 in Illinois, United States of America) is an American guitarist best known for his work Vinnie Moore ( April 14 1964, New Castle Delaware) is a Guitarist and a member of the English Hard rock band Tony Jeff MacAlpine (born August 29, 1960, in Springfield Massachusetts) is an American Guitarist and Keyboardist. Eric Johnson (born August 17, 1954) is a Guitarist and recording artist from Austin Texas. Yngwie Johann Malmsteen (ˈɪŋveɪ ˈmɑːlmstiːn in English (born Lars Johan Yngve Lannerbäck on June 30 1963 in Stockholm Sweden) is a Swedish Brian Carroll, better known as Buckethead, is an American Guitarist and Songwriter. Steven J Morse (born July 28, 1954 in Hamilton Ohio) is an American Guitarist, best known as the founder for the Dixie
Alternative rock and the indie movement
The term alternative rock was coined in the early 1980s to describe rock artists which didn't fit into the mainstream genres of the time. Alternative rock (also called alternative music, alt-rock or simply alternative; known primarily in the UK as indie) is a genre of Bands dubbed "alternative" could be most any style not typically heard on the radio; however, most alternative bands were unified by their collective debt to punk. Important bands of the 1980s alternative movement included R.E.M., Sonic Youth, The Smiths, the Pixies, Hüsker Dü, The Cure, and countless others. REM is an American rock band formed in Athens, Georgia, in 1980 by Michael Stipe ( lead vocals) Peter Buck ( Guitar Sonic Youth is an American Alternative rock band formed in New York City in 1981 The Smiths were an English rock band formed in Manchester in 1982 Pixies are an American Alternative rock band formed in Boston Massachusetts in 1986 For other uses see Husker Du. Hüsker Dü was an American Alternative rock band formed in Minneapolis-St The Cure are an English rock band that formed in Crawley, West Sussex in 1976 Artists largely were confined to independent record labels, building an extensive underground music scene based around college radio, fanzines, touring, and word-of-mouth. An independent record label (or indie record label) is a Record label operating without the funding of or outside the organizations of the Major record labels Campus radio (also known as college radio, university radio or student radio) is a type of Radio station that is run by the students of a college Although these groups never generated spectacular album sales, they exerted a considerable influence on the generation of musicians who came of age in the 80s and ended up breaking through to mainstream success in the 1990s. Notable styles of alternative rock during the 1980s include jangle pop, gothic rock, college rock, and indie pop. Jangle pop is a genre of Alternative rock from the mid-1980s that "marked a return to the chiming guitars and pop melodies of the '60s" bands such as The This article is about the musical style of gothic rock For the goth scene in general see Goth subculture. College rock was a term used in the United States to describe 1980s Alternative rock before the term "alternative" came into common usage "Twee" redirects here For a definition of the word see its entry at wiktionary. The next decade would see the success of grunge in the US and Britpop in the UK, bringing alternative rock into the mainstream. Britpop is a subgenre of Alternative rock that originated in the United Kingdom.
Alternative goes mainstream (Early-mid 1990s)
Grunge
By the 1990s, rock was dominated by slick and commercial glam metal, hair metal and arena rock artists. MTV had arrived and promoted this excessive focus on image and style. MTV ( Music Television) is an American Cable television network based in New York City. Disaffected by this, in the mid-1980s, bands in Washington state (particularly in the Seattle area) formed a new style of rock music which sharply contrasted the mainstream rock of the time. Washington ( is a state in the Pacific Northwest region of the United States.
The developing genre came to be known as "grunge", a term meaning "dirt" or "filth". The term was perhaps seen as appropriate due to the dirty sound of the music and the unkempt appearance of most musicians. Grunge fused elements of hardcore punk and heavy metal into a single sound, and made heavy use of guitar distortion, fuzz and feedback. Hardcore punk (now usually referred to as simply hardcore) is a subgenre of Punk rock that originated in North America in the late 1970s A fuzzbox (or fuzz box) is a type of Effects pedal comprising an amplifier and a clipping circuit which generates a distorted version of the Audio Feedback (also known as the Larsen effect after the Danish scientist Søren Larsen who first discovered its principles is a special kind of Feedback The lyrics were typically apathetic and angst-filled, and often concerned themes such as social alienation and entrapment, although it was also known for its dark humor and parodies of commercial rock.
Bands such as Green River, Soundgarden, the Pixies, the Melvins and Skin Yard pioneered the genre, with Mudhoney becoming the most successful by the end of the decade. Green River was an American rock band that formed in Seattle, Washington in 1984 Pixies are an American Alternative rock band formed in Boston Massachusetts in 1986 The Melvins is an American Sludge metal band that usually perform as a Power trio. Skin Yard was a grunge band from Seattle Washington, who were active from 1985 to 1992 Mudhoney is an American Grunge band Formed in Seattle Washington in 1988 following the demise of Green River, Mudhoney has for the most of its recording However grunge remained largely a local phenomenon until 1991, when Nirvana's album Nevermind broke into the mainstream. Nirvana was an American rock band that was formed by singer/guitarist Kurt Cobain and bassist Krist Novoselic in Aberdeen Washington. Nevermind is the second studio album by the American rock band Nirvana, released on September 24 1991 Pearl Jam also contributed to this with their album Ten. Pearl Jam is an American rock band that formed in Seattle, Washington in 1990 Ten is the debut album by the American Alternative rock band Pearl Jam, released on August 27 1991 through Epic Records. Both bands were more melodic than their predecessors and were instant sensations worldwide, but they refused to buy in to corporate promotion and marketing mechanisms. During 1991 and 1992, other grunge bands such as Soundgarden, Alice in Chains and Candlebox gained a wider audience. Alice in Chains is an American rock band formed in Seattle Washington in Candlebox is a band from Seattle, Washington. Formed in November 1990 they originally named the band Uncle Duke they later changed the name as a tribute to Commercial rock and metal faded almost completely from the mainstream.
While grunge itself can be seen as somewhat limited in range, its influence was felt across many geographic and musical boundaries; many artists who were similarly disaffected with commercial rock music suddenly found record companies and audiences willing to listen, and dozens of disparate acts positioned themselves as alternatives to mainstream music; thus alternative rock emerged from the underground. This helped pave the way for bands such as the Smashing Pumpkins and Stone Temple Pilots who were initially stereotyped as grunge but later enjoyed commercial and critical success independent of the genre. The Smashing Pumpkins are an American Alternative rock band that formed in Chicago, Illinois in 1988 Stone Temple Pilots (commonly referred to as " STP " is a Grammy Award -winning American rock band consisting of Scott Weiland
In early April 1994, grunge took a sudden shift in popularity with the death of Nirvana's frontman Kurt Cobain. Kurt Donald Cobain (February 20 1967 – c April 5 1994 was an American musician who served as lead singer, Guitarist, and songwriter for the Seattle The death of Alice in Chain's frontman Layne Staley in 2002 contributed to the final demise of the grunge genre. Layne Thomas Staley ( August 22, 1967 - April 5, 2002) was the lead singer and co-lyricist of the rock group Alice in Chains and the Although grunge bands continued to release albums, the genre began to decline in popularity and, by the end of the decade, many grunge bands had split up, stopped touring, or had changed their musical direction.
Britpop
While the American mainstream was focused on grunge, post-grunge, and hip hop, numerous British groups launched a 1960s revival in the mid-90s, often called Britpop, with bands such as Suede, Oasis, Supergrass, The Verve, Radiohead, Pulp and Blur among the front-runners. Britpop is a subgenre of Alternative rock that originated in the United Kingdom. Britpop is a subgenre of Alternative rock that originated in the United Kingdom. Suede (or The London Suede in the United States) were an English rock band of the 1990s and the early 2000s that helped start the Britpop musical Oasis are an English rock band that formed in Manchester in 1991 Supergrass are an English Alternative rock band from Oxford. The band consists of brothers Gaz ( Guitar and Lead vocals The Verve (originally Verve) are an English rock band formed in Wigan, Greater Manchester in 1989 at Winstanley Sixth Radiohead Pulp were an English Alternative rock band formed in Sheffield in 1978 by Jarvis Cocker ( vocals Guitar) Blur are an English Alternative rock band that formed in London in 1989 These bands drew on myriad styles from the 80s British rock underground, including twee pop, shoegazing and space rock as well as traditional British guitar influences like the Beatles and glam rock. "Twee" redirects here For a definition of the word see its entry at wiktionary. Shoegazing (also known as shoegaze or shoegazer) is a genre of Alternative rock that emerged from the United Kingdom in the late 1980s Space rock is a subgenre of Rock music; the term originally referred to a group of early mostly British 1970s Progressive rock and psychedelic For a time, the Oasis-Blur rivalry was similar to the Beatles-Rolling Stones rivalry, or the Nirvana-Pearl Jam rivalry in America. While bands like Blur tended to follow on from the Small Faces and The Kinks, Oasis mixed the attitude of the Rolling Stones with the melody of the Beatles. Small Faces were an English rock group from East London, heavily influenced by American Rhythm and blues. The Kinks were an English pop and rock group formed in 1963 and categorised in the US as a British Invasion band The Verve and Radiohead took inspiration from performers like Elvis Costello, Pink Floyd and R.E.M. with their progressive rock music, manifested in Radiohead's most heralded album, OK Computer. Elvis Costello (born Declan Patrick MacManus 25 August 1954 is an English Musician and Singer-songwriter, with Irish ancestry Pink Floyd are REM is an American rock band formed in Athens, Georgia, in 1980 by Michael Stipe ( lead vocals) Peter Buck ( Guitar OK Computer is the third album by English Alternative rock band Radiohead, released on 16 June 1997 Many of these bands became very successful (although Britpop's popularity in America was short, with the exception of Oasis), and for a time Oasis was given the title "the biggest band in the world" thanks to an album selling some 19 million copies worldwide, but the movement slowed down after numerous band breakups, publicity disasters in the United States and slightly less popular support. The Verve disbanded after on-going turmoil in the band between singer Richard Ashcroft and guitarist Nick McCabe. Radiohead has since gone in a more experimental, less radio-friendly direction, beginning with their critically well-received album Kid A. Kid A is the fourth album by the English Alternative rock band Radiohead, released on in the United Kingdom and on in the United States and Canada As a consequence, they have been subject to reduced general popularity. Of the major Britpop bands, only Oasis, Supergrass and Radiohead are still active.
Indie rock
By the mid-90s, the term "alternative music" had lost much of its original meaning as rock radio and record buyers embraced increasingly slick, commercialized, and highly marketed forms of the genre. Indie rock is genre of Alternative rock that primarily exists in the independent Underground music scene At the end of the decade, hip hop music had pushed much of alternative rock out of the mainstream, and most of what was left played pop punk and highly polished versions of a grunge/rock mishmash. Hip hop music, also referred to as rap music, is a Music genre typically consisting of a rhythmic vocal style called rap which is accompanied with Pop punk (also known as punk pop and other names is a Fusion genre that combines elements of Punk rock with Pop music, to varying
Many acts that, by choice or fate, remained outside the commercial mainstream became part of the indie rock movement. Indie rock is genre of Alternative rock that primarily exists in the independent Underground music scene Indie rock acts placed a premium on maintaining complete control of their music and careers, often releasing albums on their own independent record labels and relying on touring, word-of-mouth, and airplay on independent or college radio stations for promotion. Linked by an ethos more than a musical approach, the indie rock movement encompasses a wide range of styles, from hard-edged, grunge influenced bands like Superchunk to do-it-yourself experimental bands like Pavement to punk-folk singers such as Ani DiFranco. Superchunk is an Indie rock band from Chapel Hill North Carolina, consisting of singer/guitarist Mac McCaughan, guitarist Jim Wilbur, bassist Pavement was an American Indie rock band in the 1990s Although they experienced only moderate commercial success they achieved a significant cult Ani DiFranco (ˈɑːniː (born Angela Maria DiFranco on September 23 1970 is a Grammy Award winning Singer, Guitarist, and Songwriter
Currently, many countries have an extensive local indie scene, flourishing with bands with much less popularity than commercial bands, just enough of it to survive inside the respective country, but virtually unknown outside them. In Popular music, independent music, often abbreviated as indie, is a term used to describe independence from major commercial record labels and an autonomous
Success of hybrid genres
Pop punk
One result of the 70s punk explosion was pop punk. Pop punk (also known as punk pop and other names is a Fusion genre that combines elements of Punk rock with Pop music, to varying Championed by bands such as the Buzzcocks and the Ramones, the genre was never as commercially successful as the name may have suggested, but its influence can be still be heard in many artists today; the fusion of pop melodies, rapid-fire playing of instruments, and the raw and visceral lyrics and sound of punk rock is apparent in everyone from Nirvana to Oasis. Buzzcocks are an English Punk rock band formed in Manchester in 1975 The Ramones were an American rock band often regarded as the first Punk rock group In sramanic philosophy Nirvana (निर्वाण| Nirvāṇa; निब्बान Nibbāna; Prakrit: णिव्वाण Oasis are an English rock band that formed in Manchester in 1991
Today, pop punk is used to describe modern rock bands with a heavy pop influence such as Green Day and The Offspring are common examples of the sub-genre, while Blink-182 and Sum 41 brought the sub-genre to new commercial heights in the late nineties to early 2000s. Green Day is an American rock trio The Offspring (sometimes referred to simply as Offspring) are a popular and influential American Blink-182 was an American Pop Sum 41 (sometimes referred to as The Sums) is a Canadian Pop punk band from Ajax Ontario.
Post-grunge
In the wake of Cobain's death a new style of music called post-grunge evolved. Post-grunge is a subgenre of Alternative rock that emerged in the early 1990s as a derivative of Grunge music. Kurt Donald Cobain (February 20 1967 – c April 5 1994 was an American musician who served as lead singer, Guitarist, and songwriter for the Seattle Similar to the relationship between pop punk and punk rock, post-grunge differed from grunge in its more radio-friendly pop-oriented sound. After Australia's Silverchair achieved international success with their debut album Frogstomp record labels began to actively search for the "next Nirvana". Silverchair is an Australian Alternative rock band. The band formed as Innocent Criminals in Newcastle, New South Wales, in 1992 Frogstomp (sometimes typeset as frogstomp) is the Debut album of Australian Rock band Silverchair. Former Nirvana drummer Dave Grohl's new band the Foo Fighters helped further popularize the genre, and other bands such as Bush, Seether, Creed, Collective Soul, Everclear and Live helped cement post-grunge as one of the most commercially viable sub-genres of the late nineties. David Eric Grohl (born January 14 1969 is an American rock musician Singer and Songwriter. Foo Fighters is an American Alternative rock and Post-grunge band formed by singer/guitarist Dave Grohl in 1995 Bush were a British Post-grunge band formed in London in 1992 Seether is a Post-grunge band from South Africa. They are currently signed to Wind-up Records. Creed was an American Rock band from Tallahassee, Florida that became popular in the late 1990s and early 2000s Collective Soul is an American rock band from Stockbridge Georgia. Everclear is a rock band formed in Portland, Oregon, USA, in 1992 Live (ˈlaɪv rhymes with "five" (also typeset as LIVE) is an American Alternative rock / Post-grunge band from York,
Female solo artist Alanis Morissette also found success while being labeled under the post-grunge tag. Alanis Nadine Morissette (born June 1 1974 is a Canadian-born Singer-songwriter, Record producer, and Actress. In 1995 her album Jagged Little Pill became a major hit by featuring blunt, revealing songs such as "You Oughta Know". Jagged Little Pill is the third Studio album (and the first to be released internationally by Canadian Singer and Songwriter " You Oughta Know " is a Grammy -winning song written by Alanis Morissette and Glen Ballard, and produced by Ballard for Morissette's third Combining the confessional, female-centered lyrics of artists such as Tori Amos with a post-grunge, guitar-based sound created by producer Glen Ballard, it succeeded in moving the introspection that had become so common in grunge to the mainstream. Tori Amos (born Myra Ellen Amos on August 22, 1963) is a Pianist and Singer-songwriter of dual British and American Glen Ballard (born 1953 in Natchez Mississippi, US) is a veteran Songwriter and Record producer, best known as the producer of Alanis The success of Jagged Little Pill influenced successful more pop-oriented female artists during the late 90s including Fiona Apple, Jewel and Liz Phair. Fiona Apple (born Fiona Apple McAfee Maggart on September 13, 1977) is a Grammy-winning American Singer-songwriter. Jewel Kilcher (born May 23, 1974) is an American Singer-songwriter, actress, and Poet, generally known just by her Liz Phair (born Elizabeth Clark Phair on April 17, 1967 in New Haven, Connecticut, USA) is an American
Nu metal and Rapcore/Rap rock
In the early 90s, Faith No More broke into the mainstream with their success of the single 'Epic'. Rap rock is a fusion genre of rock and hip-hop. It blends vocal and instrumental parts of hip-hop and various forms of rock including punk and rock Nu metal (sometimes named new metal or nü metal) is a musical genre that emerged in the mid 1990s which fuses influences from grunge and Alternative Faith No More was an American Alternative metal band that formed in San Francisco, California from 1982 to 1998 This paved ways for bands like Rage Against the Machine and later Limp Bizkit, Korn, System Of A Down and Slipknot. Rage Against the Machine (sometimes shortened to RATM or Rage) is Limp Bizkit is an American Nu metal band from Jacksonville, Florida. Korn, occasionally typeset as KoЯn or KoRn, is an American Nu metal band from Bakersfield California, and is often credited with popularizing System of a Down (commonly referred to as System or abbreviated as SOAD) is an Armenian American rock band formed in 1994 in Slipknot is an American band from Des Moines Iowa. Slipknot consists of nine members the current band members are Sid This brought a fresh sound by combining rap and rock with much success. Later in the decade this style, which contained a mix of grunge, metal, and hip-hop, became known as rap rock and spawned a wave of successful bands like Linkin Park and P.O.D.. Rap rock is a fusion genre of rock and hip-hop. It blends vocal and instrumental parts of hip-hop and various forms of rock including punk and rock Linkin Park is an American rock band from Agoura Hills, California. POD, initials standing for Payable On Death, is a rock band from San Diego California. Many of these bands also considered themselves a part of the similar genre nu metal.
Present day (2000-present)
Internet influence
In the early 2000s the entire music industry was shaken by claims of massive theft of music rights using file-sharing tools such as Napster, resulting in lawsuits against private file-sharers by the recording industry group the RIAA. See Shared resource for the conventional meaning of file sharing File sharing refers to the providing and receiving of digital files over a Napster was an online music file sharing service created by Shawn Fanning while he was attending Northeastern University in Boston and operating
During much of the 2000s, rock has not featured as prominently in album sales in the US as in other countries such as the UK and Australia. By contrast to those countries, hip hop music has dominated the US single charts, with artists such as the Game, Snoop Dogg, Kanye West, Nelly, Eminem and Jay-Z. Hip hop music, also referred to as rap music, is a Music genre typically consisting of a rhythmic vocal style called rap which is accompanied with Jayceon Terrell Taylor (born November 29 1979 better known by his Stage name The Game, is an American Rapper. Cordozar Calvin Broadus Jr (born October 20 1971 His mother nicknamed him " Snoopy " as a child because of the way he dressed and because of his love of Kanye Omari West (ˈkɑnjɛj born June 8 1977 is a ten-time Grammy Award -winning American Rapper, Record producer and Singer. Cornell Haynes Jr (born November 2 1974 Highly successful Nelly has sold over 20 million records in the United States Marshall Bruce Mathers III (born October 17 1972 known as Slim Shady and his primary Stage name Eminem, is an Academy Award -winning Shawn Corey Carter (born December 4 1969 better known as Jay-Z, is an American Rapper and former CEO of Def Jam Recordings and Roc-A-Fella According to a recent study by Teenage Research Unlimited, hip hop is the most popular format of music among adults from ages 18-34 in the United States. R&B acts like Mariah Carey, Usher and Alicia Keys are very popular on the pop charts, although with the exception of Carey, none of these acts, rap or R&B, sell as many albums as rock did. Usher Raymond IV (born October 14 1978 known simply by his first name Usher, is an American R&B and pop Singer - Songwriter Alicia J Augello-Cook (born January 25 1981 professionally known as Alicia Keys, is an American R&B, soul, and Neo soul Nearly all of the best selling albums of all time are still rock.
The biggest factor that has affected the production and distribution of rock music is the rise of paid digital downloads in the 2000s. During the 90s, the importance of the buyable music single faded when Billboard allowed singles without buyable, album-separate versions to enter its Hot 100 chart (charting only with radio airplay). See Billboard (Turkish magazine Billboard is a weekly American Magazine devoted to the Music industry The vast majority of songs bought on paid download sites are singles bought from their albums; songs that are bought on a song-by-song basis off artist's albums are considered sales of singles, even though they have no official buyable single.
Garage rock revival
After existing in the musical underground, garage rock saw a resurgence of popularity with the garage rock revival. Bands like The White Stripes, The Strokes, The Vines, and The Hives all released successful singles and albums. The White Stripes is an American Garage rock band, formed in 1997 in Detroit, Michigan. The Vines are an Australian Garage rock band notable for producing a musical hybrid of '60s rock and '90s alternative music The Hives are a Swedish Rock band that first rose to prominence in the early 2000s as a leading group of the garage rock revival, playing Garage punk. This wave is also sometimes referred to as back-to-basics rock because of its raw sound.
Post-punk revival
Additionally, the retro trend has led to a Post-punk revival with bands like The Hives, The Libertines, The Killers, Bloc Party, Franz Ferdinand, Interpol, and Editors. The post-punk revival is a movement in Alternative rock of the 2000s where bands draw from of the original sounds and aesthetics of the Post-punk sound of the late The post-punk revival is a movement in Alternative rock of the 2000s where bands draw from of the original sounds and aesthetics of the Post-punk sound of the late The Hives are a Swedish Rock band that first rose to prominence in the early 2000s as a leading group of the garage rock revival, playing Garage punk. The Libertines were an English Indie rock band Formed in London in 1997 by frontmen Pete Doherty (vocals/rhythm guitar and Carl Barât (vocals/lead The Killers are an American rock band from Las Vegas Nevada. Formed in 2002 the group consists of Brandon Flowers ( vocals, keyboards Bloc Party are a British Indie rock band composed of Kele Okereke on vocals and Rhythm guitar, Russell Lissack on Franz Ferdinand is a rock band that formed in Glasgow, Scotland in 2001 Interpol is an American Alternative rock band formed in 1997 in New York City. Editors are a British Indie rock band from Birmingham who formed in 2002
Emo
In the early 2000s, pop punk began to regain popularity. Emo (ˈiːmoʊ is a genre of music that originated from Hardcore punk early on and adopted Pop-punk influences later on in the 2000s when Media institutions began to label this scene as emo despite the fact that emo was originally an underground offshoot of 80s hardcore rock, involving such bands as Sunny Day Real Estate. Sunny Day Real Estate was an Indie rock band formed in Seattle Washington. There is still a lot of debate over which bands truly are emo, and the term could be used to describe everything including Fugazi. Fugazi are an American alternative / post-hardcore band that formed in Washington D As the name suggests, the lyrics in many emo songs are often about depression and troubled relationships. In the fields of Psychology and Psychiatry, the terms depression or depressed refer to both expected and pathologically chronic or severe Recently dubbed emo bands include: My Chemical Romance,[6] Fall Out Boy,[7] Cute Is What We Aim For[8] and The Used. My Chemical Romance (often shortened to MCR or' My Chem') is an American alternative / post-hardcore quintet that formed in 2001 Fall Out Boy is an American Pop punk band from Wilmette, Illinois (a suburb of Chicago) that formed in 2001 Cute Is What We Aim For is a rock music band from Buffalo, New York.
Metalcore
Metalcore evolved in the early 90's but only came to prominence in the early 21st century with the video play of bands such as Killswitch Engage, Atreyu, and Avenged Sevenfold on TV music channels. Metalcore is an umbrella term used to describe fusion genres that incorporate elements of the Hardcore punk and heavy metal genres Killswitch Engage (often abbreviated as KSE or Killswitch) is a Metalcore band from Westfield Massachusetts. Atreyu is a Metalcore band from Orange County California. The band consists of vocalist Alex Varkatzas, guitarists Dan Jacobs and Avenged Sevenfold is an American Hard rock band formed in 1999 in Huntington Beach California. Metalcore came about from combining hardcore punk and post-hardcore with metal. Influences from early emocore and screamo are also common. Emo (ˈiːmoʊ is a genre of music that originated from Hardcore punk early on and adopted Pop-punk influences later on in the 2000s when Screamo is a sub genre of Rock music which evolved from Hardcore punk and Emo in the early 1990s
Social impacts
The influence of rock and roll is far-reaching, and has had significant impact worldwide on fashion and film styles. The massive popularity and worldwide scope of Rock and roll resulted in a powerful level of social impact Its impact has been positive as well, with the trend of many rock stars facilitating charity events such as Live Aid. Live Aid was a multi-venue rock music concert held on. The event was organized by Bob Geldof and Midge Ure to raise funds for famine relief in Ethiopia Saving the World is becoming a more and more common phrase associated with rock music today.
There are also spiritual aspects tied to rock music. Songwriters like Pete Townshend have explored these in their work. Peter Dennis Blandford Townshend (born 19 May 1945 in Chiswick, London) is an English rock Guitarist, Singer, The common usage of the term rock god acknowledges the religious quality of the adulation some rock stars receive.
See also
Notes
- ^ allmusic - Rock and Roll
- ^ Encyclopedia Britannica, 2008
- ^ Ramone, Tommy, "Fight Club", Uncut, January 2007
- ^ The Ramones | Music Artist | Videos, News, Photos & Ringtones | MTV
- ^ Ramones
- ^ Henderson, Alex. Pop music as a genre features a noticeable rhythmic element catchy melodies and hooks, a mainstream style and conventional structure Rock and roll emerged as a defined musical style in America in the 1950s though elements of rock and roll can be seen in Rhythm and blues records as far back Uncut magazine trademarked as UNCUT, is a popular monthly publication based in London. All Music Guide - biography. All Media Guide. All Media Guide (commonly known as AMG) is the company which owns and maintains Allmusic, Allgame and Allmovie. Retrieved on 2008-01-04. 2008 ( MMVIII) is the current year in accordance with the Gregorian calendar, a Leap year that started on Tuesday of the Common Events 46 BC - Titus Labienus defeats Julius Caesar in the Battle of Ruspina.
- ^ Loftus, Johnny; Apar, Corey. All Music Guide - Fall Out Boy biography. All Media Guide. All Media Guide (commonly known as AMG) is the company which owns and maintains Allmusic, Allgame and Allmovie. Retrieved on 2008-01-04. 2008 ( MMVIII) is the current year in accordance with the Gregorian calendar, a Leap year that started on Tuesday of the Common Events 46 BC - Titus Labienus defeats Julius Caesar in the Battle of Ruspina.
- ^ Apar, Corey. All Music Guide - Cute Is What We Aim For biography. All Media Guide. All Media Guide (commonly known as AMG) is the company which owns and maintains Allmusic, Allgame and Allmovie. Retrieved on 2008-01-04. 2008 ( MMVIII) is the current year in accordance with the Gregorian calendar, a Leap year that started on Tuesday of the Common Events 46 BC - Titus Labienus defeats Julius Caesar in the Battle of Ruspina.
Reference
Dictionary
rock music
-noun
- (music) Any of various genres of popular music employing electrical amplification
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