Robert Lauder, M.A., Bachelor of Canon Law , was a Scottish prelate and Nuncio of the 15th century. The Diocese of Dunblane or Diocese of Strathearn was one of the thirteen historical Dioceses of Scotland, before the permanent abolition of episcopacy in The Bishop of Dunblane or Bishop of Strathearn was the ecclesiastical head of the Diocese of Dunblane / Strathearn, one of medieval Scotland Events 312 - Constantine the Great is said to have received his famous Vision of the Cross. Events 1002 - English king Ethelred orders the killing of all Danes in England, known today as the St Michael Ochiltree (d 1445 x 1447 was a 15th century Scottish Prelate and administrator John Herspolz '''John Hepburn''' (died 1485 × 1487 was a 15th century Bishop of Dunblane. A dean, in a church context is a Cleric holding certain positions of authority within a religious hierarchy Dunkeld Cathedral stands on the north bank of the River Tay in Dunkeld, Perth and Kinross, Scotland. In the broadest sense a vicar (from the Latin Vicarius) is a representative anyone acting "in the person of" or agent for a superior Selkirk, a town and former Royal burgh in the Scottish Borders, lies on the River Ettrick, a tributary of the River Tweed. Scotland ( Gaelic: Alba) is a Country in northwest Europethat occupies the northern third of the island of Great Britain. Scotland ( Gaelic: Alba) is a Country in northwest Europethat occupies the northern third of the island of Great Britain. A bachelor's degree is usually an Undergraduate Academic degree awarded for a course or major that generally lasts for three four or in some cases and Canon law is internal ecclesiastical law governing the Roman Catholic Church, the Eastern Orthodox churches and the Anglican Communion of churches The Scots people ( Scots Gaelic: Albannaich) are a Nation and an Ethnic group indigenous to Scotland. A prelate is a high-ranking member of the Clergy who either is an Ordinary or ranks in precedence with ordinaries Nuncio is an ecclesiastical Diplomatic title, derived from the ancient Latin word Nuntius, meaning "envoy The Lauder family produced a large number of senior churchman in this period, and alongside Robert can be named William Lauder, Bishop of Glasgow, Alexander Lauder and Thomas Lauder, both Bishop of Dunkeld, and George Lauder, Bishop of Argyll. The Royal Burgh of Lauder is a town in the Scottish Borders council area. William de Lauder (b c 1380 &ndash June 14, 1425) was Bishop of Glasgow and Lord Chancellor of Scotland. The Bishop of Glasgow, after 1492 Archbishop of Glasgow, was the ecclesiastical head of the Diocese of Glasgow and then as Archbishop of Glasgow the Alexander de Lawedre (d October 11, 1440, Edinburgh) was for the last five months of his life Bishop of Dunkeld, where he had previously been Thomas Lauder (or Thomas de Lawedre; d November 4, 1481) was a 15th century Scottish churchman The Bishop of Dunkeld is the ecclesiastical head of the Diocese of Dunkeld, one of the largest and more important of Scotland 's 13 medieval bishoprics George Lauder was a fifteenth century Scottish Prelate and Bishop of Argyll (or Episcopus Lismorensis) The Bishop of Argyll or Bishop of Lismore was the ecclesiastical head of the Diocese of Argyll, one of Scotland 's 13 medieval bishoprics ^[1]

Almost nothing is known of Robert Lauder, other than his status "of baronial race" and a "kinsman to sundry barons"^[2], until he supplicated the Pope, on December 5, 1429, to provide him to the vicarage of Inverkeilor. Events 63 BC - Cicero reads the last of his Catiline Orations. Inverkeilor is a village and Parish in Angus, Scotland. It lies near the North Sea coast midway between Arbroath and Montrose ^[3] He was then provided, by John Foster, Chaplain of Honour of the Pope and Apostolic See, with the canonry and prebend of 'Castelcaris' in Glasgow, but this appointment was disputed after Forster's death, by Supplication dated March 6, 1430. Events 1079 - Omar Khayyám completes the Iranian calendar. 1454 - Thirteen Years' War: Delegates of ^[4] This Supplication appears to have failed as Lauder was still in post at Glasgow on January 18, 1434 when a dispute arose over the vicarage of Stitchell. Events 350 - Generallus Magnentius deposes Roman Emperor Constans and proclaims himself Emperor Stichill is a village in the historic county of Roxburghshire, a division of the Scottish Borders. ^[5] In January 1437 he was present at the Curia with personal requests to the Pope. A Curia in early Roman times was a subdivision of the people i ^[6] On February 16, 1437, described as "Canon of Glasgow", he petitioned the Pope for a licence to choose a confessor. Events 1249 - Andrew of Longjumeau is dispatched by Louis IX of France as his ambassador to meet with the Khan of the Mongols ^[7]

Robert Lauder, Canon of Glasgow, is designated "nuncio of the King of Scots to the Pope" was in the Curia on September 1, 1440 when he asked for the post of Precentor of Glasgow to be awarded to him while the case against the previous Precentor, David de Cadzow, another Canon, was considered. A Curia in early Roman times was a subdivision of the people i Events 462 - Possible start of first Byzantine indiction cycle. A precentor is one who helps facilitate worship The details vary depending on the religion denomination and era in question Glasgow Cathedral, also called the High Kirk of Glasgow, is today a Church of Scotland Cathedral in Glasgow. This failed to transpire. ^[8] From then until January 1444 he was Rector of Cadzow which he then wished to resign because "some of the inhabitants of those parts were inimical towards him". Hamilton is a town in South Lanarkshire, in the west- Central Lowlands of Scotland. He was still there in July 1444 when he was offered the vicarage of Earlston, although he was in two minds to take it. Earlston (formerly Ercildoune, of which it is a corruption is a parish and market town in Berwickshire, Scotland ^[9] He resigned Cadzow on November 25, 1444 while he was once more at the Curia successfully arguing that he should be able to hold two parishes (or more) and their benifices at the same time. Events 1034 - Máel Coluim mac Cináeda, King of Scots dies Donnchad, the ^[10]

He successfully Supplicated the Pope on July 14, 1445 for provision as Dean of Dunkeld at £45 per annum,^[11], but was no longer holding the position on November 12, when John Clepham was provided to the position. Events 1223 - Louis VIII becomes King of France upon the death of his father Philip II of France. A dean, in a church context is a Cleric holding certain positions of authority within a religious hierarchy Dunkeld Cathedral stands on the north bank of the River Tay in Dunkeld, Perth and Kinross, Scotland. ^[12] Likewise, he was briefly precentor of Moray, his Supplication being dated January 2, 1447,^[13], but resigned sometime before April 3. A precentor is one who helps facilitate worship The details vary depending on the religion denomination and era in question Elgin Cathedral () sometimes referred to as The Lantern of the North is an historic Ruin in Elgin Moray, north-east Scotland Events 366 - The Alamanni cross the frozen Rhine River in large numbers invading the Roman Empire. ^[14]

He had also held the vicarage of Selkirk (or nearby Ashkirk) in the diocese of Glasgow, the rectory of which was transferred from Jedburgh Abbey to Kelso Abbey by Pope Eugene IV. In the broadest sense a vicar (from the Latin Vicarius) is a representative anyone acting "in the person of" or agent for a superior Selkirk, a town and former Royal burgh in the Scottish Borders, lies on the River Ettrick, a tributary of the River Tweed. The Archdiocese of Glasgow was one of the thirteen (after 1633 fourteen Dioceses of the Scottish church Depending on denomination, local custom and the status of the minister the Building inhabited (or formerly inhabited by the leader of a local Christian church can Jedburgh Abbey is a ruined 12th century Augustinian Abbey, situated in Jedburgh, in the Borders of Scotland. Kelso Abbey is a Scottish abbey built in the 12th century by a community of Tironensian monks (originally from Tiron, near Pope Eugene IV (1383 &ndash February 23, 1447) born Gabriele Condulmer, was Pope from March 3, 1431, to his death This transaction led to a dispute between Robert and the Abbot of Kelso over the vicar's portion of the revenue, a dispute carried to the Papacy in a Supplication dated April 15, 1447. The Abbot of Kelso (later Commendator of Kelso) was the head of the Tironensian monastic community at Kelso Abbey in the Scottish Borders. History See also History of the Papacy Catholics recognize the Pope as a successor to Saint Peter, who Jesus named as the "shepherd" and Events 1450 - Battle of Formigny: Toward the end of the Hundred Years' War, the French attack and nearly annihilate English ^[15] Pope Eugene appointed a chaplain to deal with the issue, but Eugene died before anything was resolved, and the new pope Pope Nicholas V appointed three clerics to deal with the issue, resolved in Spring of 1447. See also Antipope Nicholas V. Pope Nicholas V (Italian Niccolò V; November 15, 1397 &ndash March ^[16]. It is interesting to note in Lauder's Supplication on this issue that whilst still being a Canon of Glasgow, he had obtained the "perpetual vicarage" of Selkirk (£25 sterling pa) under an "expectative grace", also held the perpetual vicarage of Earlston (£8 sterling pa) and the canonry and prebendary of Cardross (£9 sterling pa) and had an annual "pension for life" of £6 on the "fruits" of the prebend of Barlanark. It is impossible that one priest could have fulfilled all these functions in parishes so distant from one another and is an indication of the corruption within The Church before the Reformation.

On October 27, 1447, just six months later, he was provided by the Pope to the bishopric of Dunblane,^[17] incidentally voiding the resolution on the vicarage of Selkirk, as he resigned it and Earlston upon his promotion. Events 312 - Constantine the Great is said to have received his famous Vision of the Cross. The Diocese of Dunblane or Diocese of Strathearn was one of the thirteen historical Dioceses of Scotland, before the permanent abolition of episcopacy in ^[1] On November 13 he is found paying or promising to pay the Papacy 800 florins. History See also History of the Papacy Catholics recognize the Pope as a successor to Saint Peter, who Jesus named as the "shepherd" and ^[18] He was consecrated sometime before this date. ^[17] Over the New Year 1448-9 he was again at the Curia. A Curia in early Roman times was a subdivision of the people i ^[19]

Three times between August and November 1449 he was he formed part of a large embassage sent to England to negotiate a peace with its king, Henry VI. An ambassador is the highest ranking Diplomat who represents their country England is a Country which is part of the United Kingdom. Its inhabitants account for more than 83% of the total UK population whilst its mainland Henry VI (6 December 1421 &ndash 21 May 1471 was King of England 1422–1461 (though with a Regent until 1437 and then 1470–1471 and a claimant to the kingdom ^[20]

A large number of documents are extant from his episcopate illustrating the workings of the bishopric's law courts and the bishop's governmental activities. ^[21] He was a witness to the concession to the Scottish church made by King James II of Scotland in 1451 permitting the disposal of property by testament. James II of Scotland ( October 16 1430, at Holyrood Palace, Edinburgh &ndash August 3 1460) reigned as King of Scots In Common law, a will or testament is a document by which a person (the Testator) regulates the rights of others over his or her Property ^[18] He was present at the provincial council held at Perth on July 18, 1465. Perth (Peairt is a town and former Royal burgh in central Scotland. Events 390 BC - Roman - Gaulish Wars Battle of the Allia - a Roman army is defeated by raiding Gauls, ^[18]

He resigned the bishopric on September 12, 1466, and with the agreement of his successor and the Pope, was granted an annual pension for life of 300 gold florins. Events 1213 - Albigensian Crusade: Simon de Montfort 5th Earl of Leicester, defeats Peter II of Aragon at the ^[22] The date of his death is unknown. ^[23]

Notes

References

• Cockburn, James Hutchison, The Medieval Bishops of Dunblane and Their Church, (Edinburgh, 1959) ISBN 9500260-2-6
• Dunlop, A. James Hutchison Cockburn ( October 29 1882 &ndash June 20 1973) was a Scottish scholar and Church of Scotland Clergyman I. , and Cowan, I. B. (eds. ), Scottish Supplications to Rome 1428 - 1432, (Edinburgh, 1970)
• Kirk, James, Tanner, Roland, & Dunlop, A. I. , (eds. ), Scottish Supplications to Rome 1447 - 1471, Scottish Academic Press for the University of Glasgow, 1997, ISBN 0-7073-0757-0
• Dunlop, A. I. , and MacLauchlan, David, (eds. ), Scottish Supplications to Rome 1433 - 1447, University of Glasgow Press, 1983, ISBN 0-852-61179X
• Dowden, John, The Bishops of Scotland, ed. The University of Glasgow (Oilthigh Ghlaschu was founded in 1451 in Glasgow, Scotland and along with its contemporary institutions the University of St Andrews John Dowden (1840 &ndash 1910 was an Irish cleric and ecclesiastical historian J. Maitland Thomson, (Glasgow, 1912)
• Keith, Robert, An Historical Catalogue of the Scottish Bishops: Down to the Year 1688, (London, 1924)
• Watt, D. E. R., Fasti Ecclesiae Scotinanae Medii Aevi ad annum 1638, 2nd Draft, (St Andrews, 1969)