Citizendia
Your Ad Here

Robert Desnos (4 July 1900-8 June 1945), was a French surrealist poet who played a key role in the surrealistic movement of his day. Events 836 - Pactum Sicardi, peace between the Principality of Benevento and the Duchy of Naples Year 1900 ( MCM) was an exceptional Common year starting on Monday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar Events 68 - The Roman Senate accepts emperor Galba. 536 - St Silverius becomes Pope (probable Year 1945 ( MCMXLV) was a Common year starting on Monday (link will display the full calendar Surrealism is a cultural movement that began in the early-1920s and is best known for the visual artworks and writings of the group members

Contents

Biography

Robert Desnos was a son of a café owner. He was born in Paris on 4 July 1900. Paris (ˈpærɨs in English; in French) is the Capital of France and the country's largest city Events 836 - Pactum Sicardi, peace between the Principality of Benevento and the Duchy of Naples Year 1900 ( MCM) was an exceptional Common year starting on Monday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar Desnos attended commercial college, and started work as a clerk. After that he worked as a literary columnist for the newspaper Paris-Soir. Paris-Soir was a large-circulation daily Newspaper in Paris, France from 1923-1944

Desnos’ poems were first published in 1917 in La Tribune des Jeunes (Youth's Tribune) and in 1919 in the avant-garde review, Le Trait d’union (The hyphen), and also the same year in the Dadaist magazine Littérature. Avant-garde (avɑ̃gaʁd in French) means "advance guard" or "vanguard In 1922 he published his first book, a collection of surrealistic aphorisms, with the title Rrose Selavy (based upon the name (pseudonym) of the popular French artist Marcel Duchamp). Rrose Sélavy, or Rose Sélavy, was one of the pseudonyms of artist Marcel Duchamp. Marcel Duchamp (maʀsɛl dyˈʃɑ̃ (28 July 1887 &ndash 2 October 1968 was a French artist whose work is most often associated with the Dadaist and Surrealist

In 1919, he met the poet Benjamin Péret who actually introduced him to the Paris Dada group and André Breton, with whom he soon became a friend. Benjamin Péret ( 4 July 1899 - 18 September 1959) was a French poet and Surrealist. For other meanings see Dada (disambiguation DaDa is a Concept album by Alice Cooper, released André Breton (in French ɑ̃dʀe bʀəˈtɔ̃ ( February 19, 1896 &ndash September 28, 1966) was a French Writer, While working as a literary columnist for Paris-Soir, Desnos was an active member of the Surrealist group and developed a particular talent for “automatic writing”. Automatic writing is the process or product of writing material that does not come from the conscious thoughts of the writer He, together with writers such as Louis Aragon and Paul Eluard, would form the literary vanguard of surrealism. Louis Aragon lwi aʁaˈgɔ̃ in French ( October 3, 1897 &ndash December 24, 1982) French Poet and Novelist Paul Éluard was the Pen name of Eugène Émile Paul Grindel ( 14 December 1895 – 18 November 1952) a French But although he was praised by Breton in his 1924 Manifeste du Surréalisme for being the movement’s "prophet", Desnos disagreed with Surrealism’s involvement in communist politics, which caused a rift between him and Breton. Two Surrealist Manifestos (Le Manifeste du Surréalisme were issued by the Surrealist movement, in 1924 and 1929 respectively Communism is a Socioeconomic structure that promotes the establishment of an egalitarian, classless, stateless Society based Desnos continued work as a columnist.

In 1926 he composed The Night of Loveless Nights, a lyric poem dealing with solitude curiously written in classic quatrains, which makes it more like Baudelaire than Breton. Solitude is a state of Seclusion or Isolation, ie lack of contact with people or love A quatrain is a Poem, or a Stanza within a poem that consists always of four lines Desnos fell in love with Yvonne George, a singer whose obsessed fans made his love impossible. Yvonne de Knops' (b Brussels 1896 d Genoa 1930 better known by her stage name Yvonne George, was a Belgian Singer and Feminist He wrote several poems for her, as well as a surrealist novel La liberté ou l'amour! (1927).

By 1929, Breton definitively condemned Desnos, who in turn joined Georges Bataille and Documents, as one of the authors to sign "Un Cadavre" (A cadaver) attacking “le boeuf Breton” (the ox Breton). Georges Bataille (ʒɔʀʒ baˈtaj ( September 10, 1897 &ndash July 8, 1962) was a French Writer. He wrote articles on “Modern Imagery”, “Avant-garde Cinema” (1929, issue 7), “Pygmalion and the Sphinx” (1930, issue 1), and Sergei M. Eisenstein, the Soviet filmmaker, on his film titled The General Line (1930, issue 4). Sergei Mikhailovich Eisenstein (Сергей Михайлович Эйзенштейн January 23, 1898 &ndash February 11, 1948) was A soviet (сове́т, "council" originally was a workers' local council in late Imperial Russia. The General Line aka Old and New (original title Staroye i novoye) is a 1929 Soviet film directed by Sergei Eisenstein

His career in radio began in 1932 with a show dedicated to Fantomas. Fantômas is a Fictional arch- Villain and master criminal by French Writers Marcel Allain (1885–1970 and Pierre During this time, he became friends with Picasso, Hemingway, Artaud and John Dos Passos; published many critical reviews on jazz and cinema; and became increasingly involved in politics. Pablo Diego José Francisco de Paula Juan Nepomuceno María de los Remedios Cipriano de la Santísima Trinidad Martyr Patricio Clito Ruíz y Picasso (October 25 1881 &ndash April 8 1973 Ernest Miller Hemingway (July 21 1899 — July 2 1961 was an American novelist short-story writer, and Journalist. Antoine Marie Joseph Artaud, better known as Antonin Artaud ( September 4, 1896, in Marseille – March 4, 1948 in John Roderigo Dos Passos ( January 14, 1896 &ndash September 28, 1970) was an American Novelist and artist Jazz is an American Musical art form which originated in the beginning of the 20th century in African American communities in the Southern United States He wrote for many periodicals, including Littérature, La Révolution surréaliste, and Variétés. Besides his numerous collections of poems, he published three novels, Deuil pour deuil (1924), La Liberté ou l’amour! (1927), and Le vin est tiré (1943), a play La Place De La' Etoile, (1928; revised 1944) and a film script, L' Etoile de mer (1928), which was directed by Man Ray that same year. Man Ray, born Emmanuel Radnitzky ( August 27 1890 &ndash November 18 1976) in Philadelphia PA and raised

During World War II, Desnos was an active member of the French Résistance, often publishing under pseudonyms, and was arrested by the Gestapo on 22 February 1944. World War II, or the Second World War, (often abbreviated WWII) was a global military conflict which involved a majority of the world's nations, including The French Resistance is the collective name used for the French Resistance movements which fought against the Nazi German The ( contraction of ge heime Sta ats' po' lizei: "Secret State Police" was the official Secret police of Nazi Germany Events 1495 - King Charles VIII of France enters Naples to claim the city's throne Year 1944 ( MCMXLIV) was a Leap year starting on Saturday (link will display full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. He was first deported to the Nazi German concentration camps of Auschwitz in occupied Poland, then Buchenwald, Flossenburg in Germany and finally to Terezín (Theresienstadt) in occupied Czechoslovakia in 1945, where he died from typhoid, only weeks after the camp’s liberation. "Auschwitz" redirects here For the town see Oświęcim Auschwitz-Birkenau () was the largest of Nazi Germany Buchenwald concentration camp (German Konzentrationslager or 'KZ' Buchenwald) was a Nazi concentration camp established on the Ettersberg (Etter Mountain near Flossenbürg was a Nazi concentration camp built in May 1938 by the Schutzstaffel (SS Economic-Administrative Main Office at Flossenbürg, in the For the Nazi concentration camp see Theresienstadt concentration camp. For the Nazi concentration camp see Theresienstadt concentration camp. Czechoslovakia may also refer to what is now the Czech Republic and Slovakia. Typhoid fever, also known as enteric fever, bilious fever, Yellow Jack or commonly just typhoid, is an illness caused by the Bacterium He wrote poems during his imprisonment which were accidentally destroyed following his death.

He was married to Youki Desnos, formerly Lucie Badoud, nicknamed "Youki" ("snow") by her lover Tsuguharu Foujita before she left him for Desnos. Leonard Tsuguharu Foujita (藤田 嗣治 Fujita Tsuguharu, November 27, 1886 &ndash January 29, 1968) was a painter and Desnos wrote several poems about Youki. One of his most famous poems is "Letter to Youki," written after his arrest.

He is buried at the Montparnasse cemetery in Paris. Montparnasse Cemetery ( French: Cimetière de Montparnasse) is a famous cemetery in the Montparnasse quarter of Paris, part of the

Desnos's poetry has been set to music by a number of composers, including Witold Lutosławski with Les Espaces du Sommeil (1975) and Chantefleurs et Chantefables (1991), Francis Poulenc (Dernier poème, 1956) and Henri Dutilleux with Le Temps l'Horloge (2007). Witold Lutosławski ( January 25 1913 &ndash February 7 1994 was one of the major European Composers See also, Rhône-Poulenc Francis Jean Marcel Poulenc (fʀɑ̃sis ʒɑ̃ maʀsɛl pulɛ̃k January 7, 1899 – January 30, Henri Dutilleux (born January 22, 1916 in Angers France) is one of the most important French composers of the second half of the 20th century producing Carolyn Forché has translated his poetry and names Desnos as a significant influence on her own work. Carolyn Forché is an American Poet, editor, and Human rights Advocate.

Works include

Film


References

Waldberg, Patrick. L'Étoile de Mer (English The Starfish) is a 1928 Film directed by Man Ray. Man Ray, born Emmanuel Radnitzky ( August 27 1890 &ndash November 18 1976) in Philadelphia PA and raised Surrealism. Thames and Hudson, 1965.

Durozi, Gerard. The History of the Surrealist Movement. University of Chicago Press, 2002.

Pollizzotti, Mark. Revolution of the Mind. Da Capo, 1997

Dada and Surrealist Film. Edited by Rudolf E. Kuenzli. MIT Press, 1996.

Modern Frech Theatre. Edied & translated by Michael Benedikt and George E. Wellwarth. E. P. Dutton, 1966

Desnos, Robert. Liberty or Love. Atlas Press, 1993


External links

© 2009 citizendia.org; parts available under the terms of GNU Free Documentation License, from http://en.wikipedia.org
 Dapyx Software network: MP3 Explorer | Ebook Manager | Zenithic