Rivendell (Sindarin: Imladris) is an Elven outpost in Middle-earth, a fictional realm created by J. R. R. Tolkien. Tolkien's Legendarium (ISBN 0-313-30530-7 is a collection of scholarly essays edited by Verlyn Flieger and Carl F Character overview Elrond was Lord of Rivendell, one of the mighty rulers of old that remained in Middle-earth in its Third Age. Character overview Elrond was Lord of Rivendell, one of the mighty rulers of old that remained in Middle-earth in its Third Age. Sindarin is an Artificial language developed by J R R Tolkien. In J R R Tolkien 's Legendarium, an Elf is an individual member of one of the races that inhabit the lands of Arda. Middle-earth refers to the fictional lands where most of the stories of author J A fictional universe is a self-consistent fictional setting with unique background elements such as an imaginary history or geography and possibly fantasy or science It was established and ruled by Elrond in the Second Age of Middle-earth (four or five thousand years before the events of The Lord of the Rings). Character overview Elrond was Lord of Rivendell, one of the mighty rulers of old that remained in Middle-earth in its Third Age. The Lord of the Rings is an epic In addition to Elrond and his family, notable Elves who lived there included Glorfindel and Erestor. Appearances Literature Origins Glorfindel first appears in Tolkien's fantasy in The Fall of Gondolin about the conquest of the Elven In J R R Tolkien 's legendarium, the Elves are one of the races of Arda.

Rivendell is a direct translation or calque of the Sindarin name Imladris, both meaning "deep valley of the cleft". In Linguistics, a calque (kælk or loan translation is a Word or Phrase borrowed from another Language by Literal, word-for-word Sindarin is an Artificial language developed by J R R Tolkien.

Etymology

Rivendell is also called "Imladris" in Sindarin and "Karningul" in Westron. Sindarin is an Artificial language developed by J R R Tolkien. Westron, or the Common Speech, is an Artificial language developed by J The name Rivendell is formed by two elements: "riven" and "dell" meaning split, cloven and valley respectively, making the whole word purport "deeply cloven valley". It is also referred to as The Last Homely House of the West of the mountains, alluding to the wilderland that lies beyond the Misty Mountains.

Geography

Rivendell is located at the edge of a narrow gorge of the river Bruinen (one of the main approaches to Rivendell comes from a nearby ford of Bruinen), but well hidden in the moorlands and foothills of the Hithaeglir or the Misty Mountains. In J R R Tolkien 's Fictional universe of Middle-earth, the river Bruinen or Loudwater is a river which appears in The Hobbit as A ford is a place in a Watercourse (most commonly a stream or River) that is shallow enough to be crossed by wading on Horseback or in a wheeled In J R R Tolkien 's Fantasy world of Middle-earth, the Misty Mountains (also known by its Sindarin name of Hithaeglir In J R R Tolkien 's Fantasy world of Middle-earth, the Misty Mountains (also known by its Sindarin name of Hithaeglir

The climate is cool-temperate and semi-continental with moderately warm summers, fairly snowy — but not frigid — winters and moderate precipitation. Seasons are more pronounced than in areas further west, such as the Shire, but less extreme than the places east of the Misty Mountains. The Shire is a region of J R R Tolkien 's fictional Middle-earth, described in The Lord of the Rings and other works

Rivendell was founded in Second Age 1697 when a force sent by Gil-galad from Lindon and led by Elrond rescued the refugees of Eregion from Sauron's army and was driven into the hills of Rhudaur. Character overview Gil-galad was the last High King of the Noldor in Middle-earth In the fiction of J R R Tolkien, Eregion or Hollin was a kingdom of the Noldorin Elves in Eriador during the Second Age In the fictional Legendarium of J R R Tolkien, Arnor, or the Northern Kingdom, was a kingdom of the Dúnedain in the land of Eriador Sauron's forces subsequently laid siege to the refuge for three years until a relief army sent by Gil-galad attacked the besieging force in conjunction with the defenders and annihilated it. Rivendell was next attacked in the fourteenth century of the Third Age when the Armies of the Witch-king of Angmar attacked the refuge. Literature Within the context of Tolkien's Legendarium, the Witch-king was originally a great king of Men. After some years they were driven off when reinforcements were sent from Lothlórien.

In The Hobbit, Bilbo Baggins stopped off at Rivendell with the dwarves on the way to the Lonely Mountain and also on the way back to the Shire with Gandalf. The Hobbit or There and Back Again is an award-winning fantasy Bilbo Baggins is the protagonist of The Hobbit and also makes an appearance in The Lord of the Rings, two of the most well-known of In J R R Tolkien 's Middle-earth Legendarium, the Lonely Mountain ( Sindarin Erebor) is a Mountain in the northeast Concept and creation Humphrey Carpenter in his 1977 biography relates that Tolkien owned a Postcard entitled Der Berggeist ("the mountain

In The Lord of the Rings, Frodo Baggins and his Hobbit companions journeyed to Rivendell, where they met with Bilbo, who had retired there after his 111th birthday, spending his time on his memoirs, There and Back Again. The Lord of the Rings is an epic In J R R Tolkien 's legendarium, Hobbits are a diminutive race that inhabit the lands of Middle-earth. The Hobbit or There and Back Again is an award-winning fantasy Several other Elves, Dwarves and Men also arrived at Rivendell on separate errands; at the Council of Elrond they learned that all of their errands were related to the fate of the One Ring, and they should decide what to do about it. The race of Men in J R R Tolkien 's Middle-earth books such as The Hobbit and The Lord of the Rings, refers to In the end, it was the Hobbits who influenced the decision.

Elrond lived in Rivendell with his family — his wife Celebrían, their sons Elladan and Elrohir and their daughter Arwen. Biography Celebrían's birth date is unspecified and she first appears (in the Unfinished Tales) as having gone with her mother from Eregion Appearances Literature They were born in TA 130 and they have a younger sister Arwen. Literature Arwen was the youngest child of Elrond and Celebrían; her elder brothers were the twins Elladan and Elrohir. Elrond also fostered the young Aragorn, who dwelt with them in secret until adulthood. Aragorn II is a fictional character from J R R Tolkien 's Middle-earth Legendarium. However, Celebrían was traumatized after she was captured and tormented by Orcs (though rescued) and eventually left Middle-earth for the realm of Valinor. In J R R Tolkien 's Fantasy writings Orcs or Orks are a race of creatures who are used as soldiers and henchmen by both the greater and lesser villains Valinor (meaning Land of the Valar) is a Fictional location from J Arwen (who also lived with her maternal grandparents Galadriel and Celeborn in their realm of Lórien for a time) eventually left Rivendell to become Aragorn's queen after he was crowned king of Gondor. Appearances Literature Stories of Galadriel's life prior to The Lord of the Rings are collected in the Unfinished Tales. Appearances Literature Celeborn's ancestry is not exactly certain In J R R Tolkien 's fiction Lothlórien is a Welsh -sounding name given to the fairest forest realm of the Elves remaining in Middle-earth Gondor is a fictional kingdom in J R R Tolkien 's writings described as the greatest realm of Men in the west of Middle-earth by the end of the

At the beginning of the Fourth Age Elrond left Rivendell and for a while it was lived in by Elladan and Elrohir, joined later by Celeborn. It is not known when Rivendell was finally abandoned.

Inspiration

The physical appearance of the valley of Rivendell is based upon the Lauterbrunnental in Switzerland, where J. Lauterbrunnen is a municipality in the district of Interlaken in the canton of Bern in Switzerland. R. R. Tolkien had hiked in 1911^[1] and Elrond's house and the narrow bridge upon the locale of Watersmeet Lodge in Dorset, UK. In Peter Jackson's movie The Fellowship of the Ring, the filming location for Rivendell was Kaitoke Regional Park in Upper Hutt, New Zealand. Peter Robert Jackson, CNZM (born 31 October 1961 is a three-time Academy Award -winning New Zealand director producer and writer best known for directing The Lord of the Rings The Fellowship of the Ring is a 2001 Fantasy film directed by Peter Jackson based on the similarly titled first Kaitoke, part of Upper Hutt City is a locality in the southern North Island of New Zealand. Upper Hutt is New Zealand 's smallest city by population the second largest by land area New Zealand is an Island country in the south-western Pacific Ocean comprising two main landmasses (the North Island and the South Island

Notes

1. ^ Rivendell in Switzerland. scv. bu. edu. Retrieved on July 10, 2007. Events 48 BC - Battle of Dyrrhachium, Julius Caesar barely avoids a catastrophic defeat to Pompey in Macedonia. Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century.

Works cited

• Dickerson, Matthew (2006). "Rivendell", in Drout, Michael D. C.: J. R. R. Tolkien Encyclopedia: Scholarship and Critical Assessment. Michael D C Drout (1968-) is the Prentice Associate Professor of English at Wheaton College and an Author and editor specialzing in Anglo-Saxon The JRR Tolkien Encyclopedia, subtitled Scholarship and Critical Assessment, edited by Michael D Routledge, 573-574. Routledge is a publisher of non-fiction academic books and journals ISBN 0-415-96942-5.  

External links

• Rivendell at the Tolkien Gateway