Riprap — also known as rip rap, rubble, shot rock or rock armour — is rock or other material used to armor shorelines and streambeds against water erosion. In Geology, rock is a naturally occurring aggregate of Minerals and/or Mineraloids The Earth's outer solid layer the ‘ Lithosphere Armor, in Hydrology and Geography is the association of surface Pebbles rocks or Boulders with Stream beds or Beaches Most A shore or shoreline is the fringe of land at the edge of a large body of water such as an Ocean, Sea, or Lake.
It is normally made from hard rock, commonly granite, and is used to protect coastlines from erosion and other coastal processes caused by the sea. It is also used inland, on lakes to protect the banks from erosion.
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Workings
It normally works by absorbing the impact of a wave before the wave reaches the cliff or sea defence, and so minimises the erosion caused by the wave.
It is frequently used to protect the base of old Edwardian/Victorian sea walls, which due to the vertical wall, are often undermined. The riprap absorbs the impact of the waves if they shoot up the wall, and then fall back down.
References
- Ciria-CUR (2007) - Rock Manual - The use of rock in hydraulic engineering.
- N. W. H. Allsop (2002) - Breakwaters, coastal structures and coastlines.
See also
- Erosion control
- Riparian zone
- Revetment
- Accropode
- Baer's law
- Construction aggregate
- Dimension stone
- Limestone
External links
- Design example, USACE
- Ohio Dept. of Natural Resources riprap guide
- US Bureau of Reclamation publication on riprap for dam overtopping
- Minnesota DNR
- USGS Minerals Yearbook: Stone, Crushed
This sustainability-related article is a stub. Erosion control is the practice of preventing or controlling wind or water Erosion in Agriculture, Land development and Construction. "Riparian" redirects here For the legal doctrine see " Riparian water rights. Revetments, or revêtements (following the original French spelling are structures placed on banks or cliffs in such a way as to absorb the energy of incoming water Accropode blocks are man-made unreinforced Concrete objects designed to resist the action of waves on Breakwaters and coastal structures Baer's law, named after Karl Ernst von Baer, says that because of the rotation of the earth in the Northern hemisphere, Erosion occurs mostly on the Construction aggregate, or simply " aggregate " is a broad category of coarse particulate Material used in Construction, including Dimension stone is natural stone or rock that has been selected and fabricated (i Limestone is a Sedimentary rock composed largely of the Mineral Calcite ( Calcium carbonate: CaCO3 Sustainability, in a general sense is the capacity to maintain a certain process or state indefinitely You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.
Dictionary
riprap
-noun
- Rocks or other materials used to shore up an embankment, deter or prevent erosion, guide shipping, or serve as a temporary mooring.
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