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Riodinidae
Duke of BurgundyHamearis lucina
Duke of Burgundy
Hamearis lucina
Scientific classification
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Arthropoda
Class: Insecta
Order: Lepidoptera
Suborder: Ditrysia
Infraorder: Rhopalocera
Superfamily: Papilionoidea
Family: Riodinidae
Grote, 1895
Subfamilies

Euselasiinae
Riodininae
and see text
Synonyms

Nemeobiidae

The Riodinidae (or metalmarks) are a family of butterflies. The Duke of Burgundy ( Hamearis lucina) is a European Butterfly in the family Riodinidae. Arthropods are Animals belonging to the Phylum Arthropoda (from Greek ἄρθρον arthron, " Joint " Insects ( Class Insecta) are a major group of Arthropods and the most diverse group of Animals on the Earth with over a million described Lepidoptera is an order of Insect that includes Moths and butterflies. The Ditrysia are a natural group or clade of Insects in the Lepidopteran order containing both butterflies and Moths A butterfly is an Insect of the order Lepidoptera. Like all Lepidoptera butterflies are notable for their unusual life cycle with a The Superfamily Papilionoidea (from the word "papilion" meaning "butterfly" contains all the butterflies except for the skippers which Augustus Radcliffe Grote (1841 Liverpool, England - 1903 was a British Entomologist who worked mainly in America. Year 1895 ( MDCCCXCV) was a Common year starting on Tuesday (link will display full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common year In Biological classification, family ( Latin The Riodininae are the larger by far of the Subfamilies of the metalmark butterfly family, Riodinidae. In Scientific nomenclature, synonyms are different Scientific names used for a single Taxon. In Biological classification, family ( Latin A butterfly is an Insect of the order Lepidoptera. Like all Lepidoptera butterflies are notable for their unusual life cycle with a The common name "metalmarks" refers to the small metallic-looking spots commonly found on their wings. There are approximately 1,000 species of metalmark butterflies in the world. The family is represented both in the New World and the Old World. The New World is one of the names used for the non-Eurasian/non-African parts of the Earth specifically the Americas and Australia. The Old World consists of those parts of Earth known to Europeans Asians and Africans in the 15th century

Contents

Distinguishing features

Like the lycaenids, the males of this family have reduced forelegs while the females have full-sized, fully functional forelegs. The foreleg of males, is often reduced and has a uniquely shaped first segment (the coxa) which extends beyond its joint with the second segment, rather than meeting it flush; They have a unique venation on the hindwing. The arthropod leg is a form of jointed Appendage of Arthropods usually used for Walking. The costa of the hind wing is thickened out to the humeral angle and the humeral vein is short. [1]

Most species perch on the undersides of leaves with the wings held open and completely flat.

Taxonomy and systematics

While some taxonomists treat Riodinidae as a distinct family within the superfamily Papilionoidea others treat them as a subfamily Riodininae of the Lycaenidae. The Superfamily Papilionoidea (from the word "papilion" meaning "butterfly" contains all the butterflies except for the skippers which The Lycaenidae are the second-largest family of butterflies, with about 6000 species worldwide whose members are also called gossamer-winged butterflies Earlier they were considered to be part of the now defunct family Erycinidae, which now has its species divided between this family and the subfamily Libytheinae. Another older name for the family is Nemeobiidae.

The family Riodinidae consists of two subfamilies. In Biological classification, family ( Latin They are:

Several genera, namely from the Old World, are of more uncertain affiliations[2]. A genus (plural genera from Γένος Latin genus "descent family type gender" is a low-level Taxonomic The Riodininae are the larger by far of the Subfamilies of the metalmark butterfly family, Riodinidae. The Old World consists of those parts of Earth known to Europeans Asians and Africans in the 15th century Such Riodinidae incertae sedis are:

Life Cycle

The eggs vary in shape but often appear round and flattened. Incertae sedis ( Latin for "of uncertain placement" abbreviated "inc The Harlequin ( Taxila haquinus) is a small but striking butterfly found in India that belongs to the Punches and Judies, that is the family In Biology, a tribe &mdashor infrafamily&mdashis a Taxonomic rank between family and Genus. Abisara is a genus of butterflies. Dodona is a Genus of butterflies found in Asia. Description See glossary for terms used The caterpillars are usually hairy, plump, and are the common overwintering stage. Caterpillars are the Larval form of a member of the order Lepidoptera (the Insect order comprising butterflies and Moths Pupae are hairy and attached with silk to either the host plant or to ground debris or leaf litter. A pupa ( Latin pupa for doll pl pupae or pupas) is the life stage of some Insects undergoing transformation There is no cocoon.

Foodplants

The larvae feed on plants of the families Araceae, Asteraceae, Bromeliaceae, Bombacaceae, Cecropiaceae, Clusiaceae, Dilleniaceae, Euphorbiaceae, Fabaceae, Lecythidaceae, Loranthaceae, Malpighiaceae, Marantaceae, Melastomataceae, Myrtaceae, Orchidaceae, Rubiaceae, Sapindaceae, Zingiberaceae as well as bryophytes and lichens. The arums comprise the Family Araceae (including the numerous Aroids subfamily monocotyledonous Flowering plants in which Flowers The family Asteraceae or Compositae (known as the aster, daisy, or sunflower family) is the largest family of Flowering The name Bombacaceae is a Botanical name at the rank of family which is now widely considered obsolete This article is about the tropical plant It is also an old name for the Acropolis Athens. The Clusiaceae or Guttiferae Juss (1789 ( nom alt et cons = alternative and valid name is a family of Plants including Dilleniaceae is the Botanical name for a family of Flowering plants. The Spurge family ( Euphorbiaceae) is a large family of Flowering plants with 300 genera and around 7500 species Fabaceae or Leguminosae is a large and economically important family of Flowering plants which is commonly known as the legume family, pea The Lecythidaceae comprise a family of about 20 genera and 250-300 species of Woody plants native to tropical South America and Madagascar Loranthaceae is a family of Flowering plants which has been universally recognized by taxonomists The Malpighiaceae a family of Flowering plants in the order Malpighiales, comprises approximately 75 genera and 1300 Species of the tropics The Marantaceae or arrowroot family is a family of Flowering plants known for its large Starchy Rhizomes. The family Melastomataceae (alternatively Melastomaceae) is a taxon of dicotyledonous Flowering plants found mostly in the tropics (two thirds The Myrtaceae or Myrtle family are a family of Dicotyledon Plants placed within the order Myrtales. Rubiaceae is a family of Flowering plants variously called the Madder family, Bedstraw family or coffee Sapindaceae, also known as the soapberry family, is a family of Flowering plants in the order Sapindales. Zingiberaceae, or the Ginger family, is a family of flowering plants consisting of aromatic perennial Herbs with creeping horizontal or tuberous [3]

See also

Footnotes

  1. ^ Borror et al. The family Riodinidae or Metalmarks are a family of small Old and New world Butterflies. (1989)
  2. ^ See Savela (2007) for references.
  3. ^ DeVries (2001)

References

External links

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