| Comune di Rimini | |
|---|---|
 Municipal coat of arms |
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  |
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| Country |  Italy |
| Region | Emilia-Romagna |
| Province | Rimini (RN) |
| Mayor | Alberto Ravaioli |
| Elevation | 6 m (20 ft) |
| Area | 134 km² (52 sq mi) |
| Population (as of June 30, 2007) | |
| - Total | 138,060 |
| - Density | 1,030/km² (2,668/sq mi) |
| Time zone | CET, UTC+1 |
| Coordinates | |
| Gentilic | Riminesi |
| Dialing code | 0541 |
| Postal code | 47900 Bellariva, Rimini, Rivabella, Rivazzurra, San Fortunato, San Giuliano a Mare, Santa Aquilina; 47811 Viserba, Viserbella; 47812 Torre Pedrera; 47831 Miramare di Rimini |
| Frazioni | Bellariva, Corpolò, Marebello, Miramare di Rimini, Rivabella, Rivazzurra, San Fortunato, San Giuliano a Mare, Santa Aquilina, Torre Pedrera, Viserba, Viserbella |
| Patron | St. Gaudentius |
| - Day | October 14 |
| Website: www.comune.rimini.it | |
Rimini is a city in the Emilia-Romagna region of Italy and capital city of the Province of Rimini. Emilia-Romagna is one of the 20 Regions of Italy. The capital is Bologna. Italy (Italia officially the Italian Republic, (Repubblica Italiana is located on the Italian Peninsula in Southern Europe, and on the two largest The Province of Rimini (Provincia di Rimini is a province in the Emilia-Romagna region of Italy. It is located on the Adriatic Sea near the coast between the rivers Marecchia (the ancient Ariminus) and Ausa (Aprusa). The Marecchia is a River in eastern Italy. It flows northeast through Montefeltro and Romagna and into the Adriatic Sea near WikipediaWikiProject Indian cities for details --> Ausa is a city and a Municipal council in Latur district in the state of Maharashtra Coast navigation and fishing are traditional industries and, together with Riccione, it is probably the most famous seaside resort on the Adriatic Riviera, among Italians. Riccione is a Comune in the Province of Rimini, Emilia-Romagna, northern Italy.
Contents |
History
Ancient history
Up to 800,000 years ago, primitive man lived in the coastal area as far back as the hillside of Covignano.
In 268 BC at the mouth of the Ariminus river, in an area that had previously been inhabited by the Etruscans, the Umbrians, the Greeks and the Gauls, the Romans founded the colony of Ariminum, probably from the name of a nearby river, Ariminus (today, Marecchia). Events By place Roman Republic The Roman Denarius coin is minted for the first time Etruscan civilization is the modern English name given to the culture and way of life of a people of ancient Italy History and Geography The Umbri are one of the oldest races of indigenous people in Italy ( Pliny, Natural History Vol 3 The Greeks ( Greek: Έλληνες) are a Nation and Ethnic group native to Greece, Cyprus and neighbouring regions Gaul (Gallia was the Roman name for the region of Western Europe comprising present day northern Italy, France, Belgium, western The Roman Republic was the phase of the ancient Roman civilization characterized by a Republican form of government a period which began with the overthrow of the Colonies in antiquity were City-states founded from a mother- City The Marecchia is a River in eastern Italy. It flows northeast through Montefeltro and Romagna and into the Adriatic Sea near It was seen as a bastion against invading Gaul and also as a springboard for conquering the Padana plain. Gaul (Gallia was the Roman name for the region of Western Europe comprising present day northern Italy, France, Belgium, western Rimini was a road junction connecting central Italy (Via Flaminia) and northern Italy (Via Aemilia that led to Piacenza and Via Popilia) and it also opened up trade by sea and river. The Via Flaminia was a Roman road leading from Rome to Ariminum ( Rimini) and was the most important route to the north Via Aemilia (It Via Emilia) was a trunk Roman road in the north Italian plain running from Ariminum ( Rimini) on the Adriatic coast to Piacenza ( Placentia in Latin and old-fashioned English, Piasëinsa in the local dialect of Emiliano-Romagnolo) is a
In the sixth century BC, it was taken by the Gauls; after their last defeat (283 BC), it returned to the Umbri and became in 263 BC a Latin colony, very helpful to the Romans during the late Gallic wars.
The city was involved in the civil wars but remained faithful to the popular party and to its leaders, firstly Marius and then Caesar. This article is about the Roman statesman who reorganized the army and was seven times Consul After crossing the Rubicon, the latter made his legendary appeal to the legions in the Forum of Rimini. Rubicon ( Rubicō, Italian: Rubicone) is a 29 km long River in northern Italy.
Rimini, which drew the attention of many emperors, Augustus who did much for the city and Hadrian in particular, was experiencing a great period in its history, embodied by the construction of prestigious monuments such as the Arch of Augustus, Tiberius' Bridge and the Amphitheatre and Galla Placida built the church of San Stefano. Augustus ( Latin: IMPERATOR·CAESAR·DIVI·FILIVS·AVGVSTVS September 23 63 BC – August 19 AD 14) born Gaius Octavius Thurinus, was Publius Aelius Hadrianus (January 24 76 &ndash July 10 138 as emperor Imperator Caesar Divi Traiani filius Traianus Hadrianus Augustus, and Divus Hadrianus after Aelia Galla Placidia (392 – November 27, 450) was the Empress consort of Constantius III, Western Roman Emperor.
Crisis in the Roman world was marked by destruction caused by invasions and wars, but also by the testimony of the palaces of the Imperial officers and the first churches, the symbol of the spread of Christianity that held an important Council in Rimini in 359. The Roman Republic was the phase of the ancient Roman civilization characterized by a Republican form of government a period which began with the overthrow of the Christianity ( Greek Χριστιανισμός from the word Xριστός ( Christ)is a monotheistic Religion centered on the life and teachings Council of Seleucia|First Council of Constantinople (360 The Council of Rimini (also called the Council of Ariminum) was an early Christian church Synod Events By Place Roman Empire Battle of Amida: Shapur II of Persia conquers Amida from the Romans.
Middle Ages
When the Goths conquered Rimini in 493, Odoacer, besieged in Ravenna, had to capitulate. Odoacer (435–493 also known as Odovacar (from the Germanic Audawakrs, meaning "watchful of wealth" was a Roman general and the During the Gothic War Rimini was taken and retaken many times. In its vicinity the Byzantine general Narses overthrew (553) the Alamanni. For other historical figures with similar names see Narses (disambiguation. The Alamanni, Allemanni, or Alemanni were originally an alliance of Germanic tribes located around the upper Main river ( Germany Under Byzantine dominion it belonged to the Pentapolis, part of the Exarchate of Ravenna. A pentapolis, from the Greek words penta 'five' and Polis 'city(-state' is geographic and/or institutional grouping of five cities The Exarchate of Ravenna or of Italy was a centre of Byzantine power in Italy, from the end of the 6th century to 751, when the
In 728 it was taken with many other cities by the Lombard King Liutprand but returned to the Byzantines about 735. Liutprand was the king of the Lombards from 712 to 744 and is chiefly remembered for his Donation of Sutri, in 728 and his long reign which brought him into a series King Pepin gave it to the Holy See, but during the wars of the popes and the Italian cities against the emperors, Rimini sided with the latter. Pepin or Pippin (714 &ndash 24 September 768) called the Short, and often known as Pepin the Younger or Pepin III, was
In the thirteenth century it suffered from the discords of the Gambacari and Ansidei families. The city became a municipality in the fourteenth century and with the arrival of the religious orders, numerous convents and churches were built, providing work for many illustrious artists. In fact, Giotto inspired the fourteenth-century School of Rimini, which was the expression of original cultural ferment.
The Malatesta family emerged from the struggles between municipal factions with Malatesta da Verucchio, who in 1239 was named podestà (feudal lord) of the city. The House of Malatesta was an Italian family that ruled over Rimini from 1295 until 1500, as well as (in different periods other lands and towns in Malatesta (I da Verucchio (1212 &ndash 1312 was the founder of the powerful Italian Malatesta family and a famous Condottiero. For information on the phantom island of the same name see Podesta (island. Despite interruptions, his family held authority until 1528. In 1312 he was succeeded by Malatesta II, first signore (lord) of the city and Pandolfo I, the latter's brother, named by Louis the Bavarian imperial vicar in Romagna. Malatesta II (or III Malatesta, best known as Guastafamiglia (Italian "the Ruiner of the Family" c Pandolfo I Malatesta (c 1267 &ndash 6 April, 1326) was an Italian condottiero Louis IV ( 1 April[[ 282]] &ndash 11 October 1347) called the Bavarian, of the house of Wittelsbach, was the Duke of Bavaria An Imperial vicar was one of two princes charged with administering the Holy Roman Empire during an Interregnum. Romagna is an Italian historical region that approximately corresponds to the south-eastern portion of present-day Emilia-Romagna. Ferrantino, son of Malatesta II (1335), was opposed by his cousin Ramberto and by Cardinal Bertando del Poggetto (1331), legate of John XXII. Pope John (numbering Pope John XXII (1249 &ndash December 4, 1334) born Jacques Duèze (or d'Euse) was Pope from 1316 to 1334 Malatesta III, Guastafamiglia (1363), was also lord also of Pesaro. Pesaro is a town and Comune in the Italian region of the Marche, capital of the Pesaro e Urbino province, on the Adriatic. He was succeeded by Malatesta IV l'Ungaro (1373) and Galeotto, uncle of the former (1385), lord also of Fano (from 1340), Pesaro, and Cesena (1378). This article is about the Italian town For the Danish island see Fanø.
His son Carlo was one of the most respected condottieri of the time, enlarged the Riminese possessions to Lombardy and restored the port. Carlo I Malatesta (June 1368 &ndash 13 September, 1429) was an Italian Condottiero during the Wars in Lombardy and lord of Rimini Condottieri (singular condottiero, rarely condottiero) were Mercenary leaders employed by the Italian City-states from the Late Middle Lombardy (Lombardia Latin: Langobardia, Western Lombard: Lumbardìa, Eastern Lombard: Lombardia) is one of the Carlo died childless in 1429, and the lordship was divided into three parts, Rimini going to Galeotto Roberto, a Catholic zelot who turned totally unable to the role. The Pesarese line of the Malatestas tried in fact to take advantage of his weakness and to capture the city, but Sigismondo Pandolfo Malatesta, a nephew of Carlo who at the time was only 14, intervened to save it. Sigismondo Pandolfo Malatesta ( June 19, 1417 &ndash October 7, 1468) popularly known as the Wolf of Rimini, was a famous member Galeotto retired in convent and Sigismondo obtained the rule of Rimini.
Sigismondo Pandolfo was the most famous lord of Rimini. In 1433 Emperor Sigismund soujourned in the city and for a while he was the commander-in-chief of the Papal armies. For other nobles of the same name please see Sigismund. Sigismund ( February 14, 1368 – December 9, A skilled general, he often acted as condottiero for other states to gain money to embellish it (he was also a dilectant poet). He had the famous Tempio Malatestiano rebuilt by Leon Battista Alberti. The Tempio Malatestiano is the Cathedral church of Rimini, Italy. Leon Battista Alberti ( February 14, 1404 &ndash April 25, 1472) was an Italian author artist Architect, Poet However, after the rise of Pope Pius II he had to fight constantly for the independence of the city. Pope Pius II, born Enea Silvio Piccolomini ( Latin Aeneas Sylvius; October 18, 1405 &ndash August 14, 1464) In 1463 he was forced to submit to Pius II, who left him only Rimini and little more; Roberto Malatesta, his son (1482), under pope Paul II nearly lost his state but under Sixtus IV became the commanding officer of the pontifical army against Alfonso of Naples, by whom he was defeated in the battle of Campomorto (1482). Pope Pius II, born Enea Silvio Piccolomini ( Latin Aeneas Sylvius; October 18, 1405 &ndash August 14, 1464) Roberto Malatesta (c 1442 &ndash September 10[http //wwwprotrevi Pope Paul II ( February 23, 1417 &ndash July 26, 1471) born Pietro Barbo, was Pope from 1464 until his death in 1471 Pope Sixtus IV ( July 21, 1414 &ndash August 12, 1484) born Francesco Della Rovere, was Pope from 1471 to 1484 Alfonso the Magnanimous (also Alphonso; Catalan: Alfons) (1396 &ndash 27 June 1458) was the King of Aragon (as The Battle of Campomorto is a battle fought near Frosinone, in the Lazio ( Italy) on August 21 1482, in the course of the War Pandolfo IV, his son (1500), lost Rimini to Cesare Borgia, after whose overthrow it fell to Venice (1503-1509), but later was retaken by pope Julius II and incorporated in the Papal States. Pandolfo IV Malatesta, nicknamed Pandolfaccio (Bad Pandulph (July 1475 &ndash June 1534 was an Italian Condottiero and lord of Rimini and other cities ( September 13, 1475 &ndash March 12, 1507) Duke of Valentinois, and Romagna, Prince of Andria and Venafro Pope Julius II (5 December 1443 &ndash 21 February 1513 born Giuliano Della Rovere, was Pope from 1503 to 1513 The Papal States, State(s of the Church or Pontifical States (in Italian Stato Ecclesiastico, Stato della Chiesa, Stati della Chiesa After the death of pope Leo X, Pandolfo returned for several months, and with his son Sigismondo held a rule which looked tyrannous even for the time. Pope Leo X, born Giovanni de' Medici (December 11 1475 – December 1 1521 was Pope from 1513 to his death Sigismondo Malatesta (November 1498 - December 1553 was an Italian Condottiero. Pope Adrian VI expelled him again and gave Rimini to the Duke of Urbino, the pope's vicar in Romagna. Pope Adrian VI ( Utrecht, March 2, 1459 &ndash September 14, 1523) born Adriaan Florenszoon Boeyens, son of The Duchy of Urbino was a sovereign state of northern Italy The first lords of Urbino were the Montefeltro who obtained the title of counts from Emperor Frederick In 1527 Sigismondo managed to regain the city, but the following year the Malatesta dominion died forever.
Modern history
At the beginning of the 16th century, Rimini, now a secondary town of the Papal States, had a local government under an Apostolic Legate (temporal governor in a province of the Papal States). The Papal States, State(s of the Church or Pontifical States (in Italian Stato Ecclesiastico, Stato della Chiesa, Stati della Chiesa A Papal Legate – from the Latin authentic Roman title Legatus – is a personal representative of the Pope to Foreign nations or to some part of the Catholic Towards the end of the 16th century, the municipal square (Piazza Cavour), which had been closed off on a site where the Poletti Theatre was subsequently built, was redesigned. The statue of Pope Paul V has stood in the centre of the square next to the fountain since 1614. For Napoleon's brother-in-law see Camillo Filippo Ludovico Borghese.
In the 16th century, the 'grand square' (now the Piazza Tre Martiri in honor of three civilians hanged by the retreating Nazis at the end of World War II), which was where markets and tournaments were held, underwent various changes. For example, a small temple dedicated to Saint Anthony of Padua and the Clock Tower block were built, giving the square its present shape and size. Saint Anthony ( August 15, 1195 – June 13, 1231) also venerated as Saint Anthony of Lisbon and Saint Anthony of Padua,
Until the 18th century, raiding armies, earthquakes, famines, floods and pirate attacks ravaged the city. In this gloomy situation and due to a weakened local economy, fishing took on great importance, a fact testified by the construction of functional structures such as the fish market and the lighthouse.
In 1797, Rimini, along with the rest of Romagna, was influenced by the passage of the French troops and became part of the Cisalpine Republic. Year 1797 ( MDCCXCVII) was a Common year starting on Sunday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common Emilia-Romagna is one of the 20 Regions of Italy. The capital is Bologna. The French Revolution (1789–1799 was a period of political and social upheaval in the History of France, during which the French governmental structure previously an The Cisalpine Republic ( Repubblica Cisalpina) was a French client republic in Northern Italy that lasted from 1797 to 1802. The Napoleonic government suppressed the monastic orders, confiscating their property and thus dispersing a substantial heritage, and demolished many churches including the ancient cathedral of Santa Colomba. Napoleon Bonaparte (15 August 1769 – 5 May 1821 was a French military and political leader who had a significant impact on the History of Europe. On 30 March 1815, Joachim Murat launched his proclamation to the Italian people from Rimini, inciting them to unity and independence. Events 240 BC - 1st recorded Perihelion passage of Halley's Comet. Year 1815 ( MDCCCXV) was a Common year starting on Sunday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common year Joachim-Napoléon Murat (born Joachim Murat) ( Gioacchino Napoleone Murat) ( March 25 1767 &ndash October 13 1815) In 1845 a band of adventurers commanded by Ribbotti entered the city and proclaimed a constitution which was soon abolished. In 1860 Rimini and the Romagna were incorporated with the Kingdom of Italy.
An idea of what the city was like in the 19th century is provided by the palaces built along Corso Augusto and in particular by the theatre, which was designed by Luigi Poletti and succeeded in translating into Neoclassical form the ambitions of the ruling classes. The 19th century of the Common Era began on January 1, 1801 and ended on December 31, 1900, according to the Gregorian calendar
However, the biggest revolutionary element for the city was the foundation in 1843 of the first bathing establishment and the Kursaal, constructed to host sumptuous social events, became the symbol of tourist Rimini. In just a few years, the marina underwent considerable building work making Rimini 'the city of small villas'. At the beginning of the twentieth century, The Grand Hotel, the city’s first important accommodation facility, was built near the coast and soon became the emblem of a new kind of tourism.
During the first World War, Rimini and it's surrounding infrastructure was one of the primary targets of the Austro-Hungarian Navy. After Italy's declaration of war on 15 May 1915 the imperial fleet left it's harbors the same day and started it's assault on the eastern Italian coast between Venice and Barletta.
During World War II, the city was torn apart by heavy bombardments and by the passage of the front along the Gothic Line, and it was eventually captured by Greek and Canadian forces. World War II, or the Second World War, (often abbreviated WWII) was a global military conflict which involved a majority of the world's nations, including The Gothic Line, also known as Linea Gotica, formed Field Marshal Albert Kesselring 's last major line of defence in the final stages of Following it's liberation on September 21, 1944, impressive reconstruction work began, culminating in the explosive development of the tourist economy that created a new urban reality. Events 1217 - The Estonian tribal leader Lembitu of Lehola was killed in a battle against Teutonic Knights. Year 1944 ( MCMXLIV) was a Leap year starting on Saturday (link will display full calendar of the Gregorian calendar.
The 1989 Mr. Olympia was held in Rimini. Mr Olympia is an international Bodybuilding competition which is held annually by the International Federation of BodyBuilders (IFBB
Main sights
- The 13th century Cathedral (San Francesco, best known as Tempio Malatestiano) was originally in Gothic style, but was transformed by order of Sigismondo Pandolfo Malatesta according to the designs of Leon Battista Alberti and never completed. The Tempio Malatestiano is the Cathedral church of Rimini, Italy. See also Gothic art Gothic architecture is a style of Architecture which flourished during the high and late medieval period. Leon Battista Alberti ( February 14, 1404 &ndash April 25, 1472) was an Italian author artist Architect, Poet In the cathedral are the tombs of Sigismondo and his wife Isotta.
- The Arch of Augustus. Built in 27 BC, it has a single gate 9. 92 m high and 8. 45 m wide. The merlons were added in the Middle Ages.
- the church of San Giuliano Martire (1553-1575), housing the great picture of Paul Veronese (1588) representing the martyrdom of that saint. Paolo Veronese (1528 – April 19 1588 was an Italian painter of the Renaissance in Venice, famous for paintings such as The Wedding at Cana It includes also pictures of Bittino da Faenza (1357) dealing with some episodes of the saint's life (1409).
- The Tiberius Bridge As the inscription on the internal parapets recalls, the bridge over the Marecchia River, then known as Ariminus, began under the Emperor Augustus in 14 and was completed under Tiberius in 21. The bridge still connects the city centre to Borgo San Giuliano and leads to the consular roads Via Emilia and Via Popilia that lead north. Built in Istria stone, the bridge consists of five arches that rest on massive pillars with breakwater spurs set at an oblique angle with respect to the bridge’s axis in order to follow the current. The bridge’s structure on the other hand, rests on a practical system of wooden poles.
- The amphitheater (2nd century). An amphitheatre (alternatively amphitheater) is an open-air venue for spectator sports concerts rallies or theatrical performances The 2nd century is the period from 101 to 200 in accordance with the Julian calendar in the Christian / Common Era. It was erected alongside the ancient coast line, and had a two orders of porticoes with 60 arcades. It had elliptical shape, with axes of 117,7 x 88 meters. The arena measured 73 x 44 meters, not far from the greatest Roman amphitheatres: the edifice could house up to 15,000 spectators.
- The Castel Sismondo or Rocca Malatestiana of Sigismondo Pandolfo was later used as a prison. Castel Sismondo is a Castle in Rimini, Romagna, northern Italy.
- Palazzo dell'Arengo e del Podestà (1204), seat of the judiciary and civil administrations. On the short side in the 14th century the podestà residence was added. It was modified at the end of the 16th century.
- The church of St. John the Evangelist (also known as St. Augustine)
- The church of San Giovanni Battista, erected in the 12th century. It has a single nave with rich stucco decoration from the 18th century.
- The town hall has a small but valuable gallery (Perin del Vaga, Ghirlandajo, Bellini, Benedetto Coda, Tintoretto, Agostino di Duccio); the Gambalunga Library (1677) has valuable manuscripts.
- Church of San Fortunato (1418). It houses the Adoration of the Magi (1547) by Giorgio Vasari. Giorgio Vasari ( 30 July 1511 – 27 June 1574) was an Italian painter and Architect, who is today famous
- The bell tower of the former Cathedral of Santa Colomba.
- Archeological museum .
- Bronze statue of Paul V. For Napoleon's brother-in-law see Camillo Filippo Ludovico Borghese.
Transportation
Rimini is provided with six railway stations (Rimini, Rimini Fiera, Rimini Miramare, Rimini Rivazzurra, Rimini Viserba and Rimini Torre Pedrera).
It is served by the Federico Fellini International Airport, airport of Rimini and San Marino. Federico Fellini International Airport is an Airport located at Miramare, 8 kilometres (5 miles away from the city of Rimini, Italy and An airport is a location where Aircraft such as airplanes, Helicopters and blimps take off and land The Most Serene Republic of San Marino (Serenissima Repubblica di San Marino is a country in the Apennine Mountains.
Nightlife
Once the sun goes down, the streets of Rimini come alive as the sunbathers of the day become the revellers of the evening. Since the whole town is geared towards tourists, the nightlife has become rather famous and is regarded as very good. There are bars everywhere, particularly along the beach, where people party until the wee hours of the morning. 'Coconuts' and 'The Barge' are examples of rather popular bars along the beach.
There are however no "real" clubs in Rimini; only bars with dance floors, such as Coconuts (which even has a salsa music section). For real clubbing you have to go to Riccione, the next town over, which is about a 15 minute drive away. Riccione is a Comune in the Province of Rimini, Emilia-Romagna, northern Italy. There is however one club called Carnaby's which is on the outskirts of Rimini and it has a free shuttle bus; the club is also within walking distance.
Famous residents
- Pietro Aron
- Federico Fellini
- Francesca da Rimini
- Hugo Pratt
- Guido Cagnacci
- Giuseppe Garampi
- Sigismondo Pandolfo Malatesta
- Giulietta Masina
- Renzo Pasolini
- Cino Ricci
- Carlo Tessarini
- Carlo Tonini
- Luigi Tonini
- Roberto Valturio
- Sergio Zavoli
- Michele Magnaterra
- Praqash Muller
Sister cities
.svg/22px-Flag_of_Belgium_(civil).svg.png)
Seraing, Belgium
Saint-Maur-des-Fossés, France
Sochi, Russia
Ziguinchor, Senegal
Fort Lauderdale, United States
Yangzhou, People's Republic of China
Djibouti, Djibouti
See also
Sources and external links
- Rimini travel guide from Wikitravel
- Province of Rimini
- Rimini Comune (Town Council)
- Official Tourism Site
- International Airport of Rimini
- Rimini Hills Food and Wine Route
Dictionary
Rimini
-proper noun
- Province of Emilia-Romagna, Italy.
- Capital of the province of Rimini: a port and resort.
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