Richmond Palace was a royal residence from 1327 to 1649 on The Green, Richmond, United Kingdom. Richmond is a town and the principal settlement of the London Borough of Richmond upon Thames in England. The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, commonly known as the United Kingdom, the UK or Britain,is a Sovereign state located The first, pre-Tudor version of the palace was known as Sheen Palace. It was positioned roughly at , at what is now the garden of Trumpeters' House.
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Medieval - Palace of Sheen
Norman
Henry I lived briefly in the King's house in Sheanes (or Shene or Sheen). The Normans were the people who gave their names to Normandy, a region in northern France. Henry I (c 1068/1069 – 1 December 1135) was the fourth son of William I the Conqueror, the first King of England after the Norman
1299 to 1495
In 1299 Edward I "Hammer of the Scots", took his whole court to the manor-house at Sheen, a little east of the bridge, and close by the river side, which thus became a royal palace. Edward I (17 June 1239 – 7 July 1307 popularly known as Longshanks, was a King of England who achieved historical fame by conquering large parts of Wales and almost William Wallace ("Braveheart") was executed in London in 1305, and it was in Sheen that the Commissioners from Scotland went down on their knees before Edward. Sir William Wallace ( Scottish Gaelic: Uilleam Uallas; c 1272 – 23 August 1305 was a Scottish Knight, Landowner, and Patriot Scotland ( Gaelic: Alba) is a Country in northwest Europethat occupies the northern third of the island of Great Britain. When the boy-king Edward III came to the throne in 1327 he gave the manor to his mother Isabella. Edward III (13 November 1312 &ndash 21 June 1377 was one of the most successful English monarchs of the Middle Ages. Isabella of France (c 1295 &ndash August 22, 1358) known as the She-Wolf of France, was the Queen consort of Edward II of Almost 50 years later, after his wife Philippa died, Edward spent over 2,000 pounds on improvements. In the middle of the work Edward III himself died at the manor in 1377. In 1368 Geoffrey Chaucer served as a yeoman at Sheen. Geoffrey Chaucer (c 1343 – 25 October 1400? was an English author poet Philosopher, bureaucrat, courtier and Diplomat. Yeoman is noun used to indicate a variety of positions or Social classes In the 16th century a yeoman was also a Farmer of middling social status who owned
Richard II was the first English king to make Sheen his main residence in 1383. Richard II (6 January 1367 &ndash ca 14 February 1400 was King of England from 1377 until he was deposed in 1399 He took his bride Anne of Bohemia there. For other Anna's of Bohemia see Anne of Bohemia (disambiguation Anne of Bohemia (May 11 1366 &ndash June 7 1394 also known as Good Twelve years later Richard was so distraught at the death of Anne at the age of 28, that he, according to Holinshed, "caused it [the manor] to be thrown down and defaced; whereas the former kings of this land, being wearie of the citie, used customarily thither to resort as to a place of pleasure, and serving highly to their recreation. Raphael Holinshed (died c 1580 was an English Chronicler whose work commonly known as Holinshed's Chronicles, was one of the major sources used by " For almost 20 years it lay in ruins until Henry V undertook rebuilding work in 1414. Henry V (16 September 1386 &ndash 31 August 1422 was one of the most significant English warrior kings of the 15th century Henry also founded a Carthusian monastery there: Richmond Priory. The Carthusian Order, also called the Order of St Bruno, is a Roman Catholic religious order of enclosed monastics. Richmond Priory also known as the Priory of Sheen was a Carthusian Monastery, at Richmond, Surrey, England. There were various royal connections at Sheen until the fire of 1497 under Henry VII.
Tudors
Henry VII
On 23 December 1497 a fire destroyed most of the (wooden) buildings. Events 962 - Byzantine-Arab Wars: Under the future Emperor Nicephorus Phocas, Byzantine troops stormed the city Henry rebuilt and named the new palace Richmond Palace after his family's title. Edmund Tudor 1st Earl of Richmond ( 1431 &ndash 1 November 1456 was the father of King Henry VII of England. In 1502, it witnessed a betrothal. Princess Margaret, became engaged to King James IV of Scotland. Margaret Tudor ( 28 November, 1489 &ndash 18 October 1541) was the elder of the two surviving daughters of Henry VII of England James IV ( 17 March 1473 &ndash 9 September 1513) was King of Scots from 11 June 1488 to his death From this line eventually came the house of Stuart. The House of Stuart or Stewart was a Royal house of the Kingdom of Scotland, later also of the Kingdom of England and the Kingdom of In 1509 Henry VII died at Richmond.
Henry VIII
Later the same year, Henry VIII celebrated Christmas to Twelfth Night at Richmond with the first of his six wives, Catherine of Aragon. Henry VIII (28 June 1491 &ndash 28 January 1547 was King of England and Lord of Ireland, later King of Ireland and claimant to the Kingdom of Twelfth Night is a holiday in some branches of Christianity marking the coming of the Epiphany, concluding the Twelve Days of Christmas, and Catherine of Aragon (16 December 1485 – 7 January 1536 also known as Catharine, Katherine or Katharine ( Castilian Infanta Catalina During those celebrations, says Mrs. A. T. Thomson, in her Memoirs of the Court of Henry the Eighth:-
On the night of the Epiphany (1510), a pageant was introduced into the hall at Richmond, representing a hill studded with gold and precious stones, and having on its summit a tree of gold, from which hung roses and pomegranates. From the declivity of the hill descended a lady richly attired, who, with the gentlemen, or, as they were then called, children of honour, danced a morris before the king. On another occasion, in the presence of the court, an artificial forest was drawn in by a lion and an antelope, the hides of which were richly embroidered with golden ornaments; the animals were harnessed with chains of gold, and on each sat a fair damsel in gay apparel. In the midst of the forest, which was thus introduced, appeared a gilded tower, at the end of which stood a youth, holding in his hands a garland of roses, as the prize of valour in a tournament which succeeded the pageant!"
(Over the next hundred years from 1509, the Christmas celebrations gradually increased with music, dancing, theatricals and revels. The twelve days of Christmas were barely celebrated before the sixteenth century. By the time Elizabeth I died at Richmond in 1603, it was well established in court circles. )
Almost nothing survives of earlier manors. In the 1520s Cardinal Wolsey adopted new renaissance architectural styles at Hampton Court Palace. Thomas Cardinal Wolsey (c1470–1471 – November 28 or November 29 1530 who was born in Ipswich Suffolk England was an English Statesman and a cardinal Hampton Court Palace is a former royal palace in the London Borough of Richmond upon Thames, south west London, England. This was only a few miles from Richmond and Henry was boiling with jealousy. On Wolsey's fall, he confiscated it and forced him to accept Richmond Palace in exchange; and Hall, in his Chronicles, says, that "when the common people, and especially such as had been servants of Henry VII. , saw the cardinal keep house in the manor royal at Richmond, which that monarch so highly esteemed, it was a marvel to hear how they grudged, saying, 'so a butcher's dogge doth lie in the manor of Richmond!'".
In 1540 Henry gave the palace to his fourth wife, Anne of Cleves as part of her 'divorce settlement'. Anne of Cleves Queen of England (22 September 1515&ndash16 July 1557 ( German: Anna von Jülich-Kleve-Berg) was the fourth wife of Henry VIII
Mary I
In 1554 Queen Mary I married Philip II of Spain. Mary I (18 February 1516 &ndash 17 November 1558 was Queen of England and Queen of Ireland from 19 July 1553 until her death Philip II (Felipe II de España Filipe I ( May 21, 1527 &ndash September 13 1598) was King of Spain from 1556 until 1598 45 years after her mother Catherine of Aragon had spent Christmas at Richmond palace, they spent their honeymoon there (and at Hampton Court). Catherine of Aragon (16 December 1485 – 7 January 1536 also known as Catharine, Katherine or Katharine ( Castilian Infanta Catalina Hampton Court Palace is a former royal palace in the London Borough of Richmond upon Thames, south west London, England. Later that same year, the future Elizabeth I was held prisoner at Richmond.
Elizabeth I
Once Elizabeth became queen she spent much of her time at Richmond, as she enjoyed hunting stags in the "Newe Parke of Richmonde" (now the Old Deer Park). Old Deer Park is an area of open space to the north of Richmond, bordered by the River Thames. Elizabeth died there on 24 March 1603. Events 1401 - Mongol emperor Timur sacks Damascus. 1603 - James VI of Scotland
Stuarts and Commonwealth
James I
King James I preferred Westminster to Richmond, but even before he became king, Charles I owned Richmond palace and started to build his art collection while living there. James VI and I (19 June 1566 – 27 March 1625 was King of Scotland as James VI, and King of England and King of Ireland as James Charles I, (19 November 1600 &ndash 30 January 1649 was King of England, Scotland and Ireland from 27 March 1625 until his execution. Like Elizabeth, James enjoyed hunting stags, and in 1637 created a new area for this now known as Richmond Park, renaming Elizabeth's "Newe Parke" as the Old Deer Park. Richmond Park is a 955 hectare (2360 acre urban park near central London UK The stags in Richmond Park are now protected and if you enter the park at dawn you can see them outside the fenced area, as they are relatively tame.
Charles I and Commonwealth
Within months of the execution of Charles I in 1649, Richmond palace was surveyed by order of parliament to see what it could fetch in terms of raw materials, and then sold for 13,000 pounds. Over the next ten years it was mostly demolished, and the stones re-used for building.
Architecture, fittings, etc
All the accounts which have come down to us describe the furniture and decorations of the ancient palace as very superb, exhibiting in gorgeous tapestry the deeds of kings and of heroes who had signalized themselves by their conquests throughout France in behalf of their country.
From 1649 survey
The survey taken in 1649 affords a minute description of the palace. The great hall was one hundred feet in length, and forty in breadth, having a screen at the lower end, over which was "fayr foot space in the higher end thereof, the pavement of square tile, well lighted and seated; at the north end having a turret, or clock-case, covered with lead, which is a special ornament to this building. " The prince's lodgings are described as a "freestone building, three stories high, with fourteen turrets covered with lead," being "a very graceful ornament to the whole house, and perspicuous to the county round about. " A round tower is mentioned, called the "Canted Tower," with a staircase of one hundred and twenty-four steps. The chapel was ninety-six feet long and forty broad, with cathedral-seats and pews. Adjoining the prince's garden was an open gallery, two hundred feet long, over which was a close gallery of similar length. Here was also a royal library. Three pipes supplied the palace with water, one from the white conduit in the new park, another from the conduit in the town fields, and the third from a conduit near the alms-houses in Richmond.
Surviving structures
These include the Wardrobe, Trumpeters' House and the Gate House. The last was built 1501, and was made available on a 65 year lease by the Crown Estate Commissioners in 1986. In the United Kingdom, the Crown Estate is a Property portfolio associated with the monarchy. It has 5 bedrooms.
Archeology
During 1997 the site was investigated by the Channel 4 programme Time Team which aired in January 1998. Channel 4 is a public-service Television and Radio broadcaster in the United Kingdom centred around a television channel of the same name which began Time Team is a British television series that has aired on Channel 4 since 1994 [1]
Curiosity
This palace was the first building in history to be equipped with a flush toilet, invented by Elizabeth I's godson, Sir John Harrington.
External links
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