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This article is about the German composer of tone-poems and operas. For the Viennese composers noted for waltzes and polkas, see the Strauss family.

Richard Georg Strauss (June 11, 1864 – September 8, 1949) was a German composer of the late Romantic era and early modern era, particularly noted for his tone poems and operas. Events 1184 BC - Trojan War: Troy is sacked and burned according to the calculations of Eratosthenes. Year 1864 ( MDCCCLXIV) was a Leap year starting on Friday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian Calendar (or a Leap year Events 70 - Roman forces under Titus sack Jerusalem. 1264 - The Statute of Kalisz Year 1949 ( MCMXLIX) was a Common year starting on Saturday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. Germany, officially the Federal Republic of Germany ( ˈbʊndəsʁepuˌbliːk ˈdɔʏtʃlant is a Country in Central Europe. A composer (literally meaning 'one who puts together' is a person who creates Music, usually in the medium of notation, for Interpretation and Performance Romantic Music is a Musicological term referring to a particular period theory compositional practice and canon in European music history from about 1815 to 1910 A symphonic poem or tone poem is a piece of Orchestral Music in one movement in which some extramusical program provides a narrative or illustrative element Opera is an art form in which Singers and Musicians perform a Dramatic work (called an opera which combines a text (called a Libretto Strauss was also a noted conductor. Conducting is the act of directing a Musical performance by way of visible gestures

Contents

Life and works

Early life

Strauss was born on June 11, 1864, in Munich, the son of Franz Strauss, who was the principal horn player at the Court Opera in Munich. Events 1184 BC - Trojan War: Troy is sacked and burned according to the calculations of Eratosthenes. Year 1864 ( MDCCCLXIV) was a Leap year starting on Friday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian Calendar (or a Leap year Munich (München; Minga is the capital city of Bavaria, Germany. Franz Strauss ( February 26, 1822 &ndash May 31, 1905) is perhaps most famous for being the father of the well-known composer Richard Strauss He received a thorough, but conservative, musical education from his father in his youth, writing his first music at the age of six. He continued to write music almost until his death.

During his boyhood he had the good fortune to be able to attend orchestra rehearsals of the Munich Court Orchestra, and he also received private instruction in music theory and orchestration from an assistant conductor there. In 1874 Strauss heard his first Wagner operas, Lohengrin, Tannhäuser and Siegfried; the influence of Wagner's music on Strauss's style was to be profound, but at first his father forbade him to study it: it was not until the age of 16 that he was able to obtain a score of Tristan und Isolde. Lohengrin is a romantic Opera (or music drama in three acts composed and written by Richard Wagner. Tannhäuser ( Middle High German: Tanhûser; died after 1265 was a German Minnesänger and Poet. Siegfried is the third of the four Operas that comprise Der Ring des Nibelungen ( The Ring of the Nibelung) by Richard Wagner Tristan und Isolde ( Tristan and Isolde, or Tristan and Isolda) is an Opera, or Music drama, in three acts by Richard Wagner Indeed, in the Strauss household the music of Richard Wagner was considered inferior. Later in life, Richard Strauss said and wrote that he deeply regretted this.

In 1882 he entered Munich University, where he studied philosophy and art history, but not music. The Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich (Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München also known as LMU, is a University in Munich and with more Nevertheless, he left a year later to go to Berlin, where he studied briefly before securing a post as assistant conductor to Hans von Bülow, taking over from him at Munich when von Bülow resigned in 1885. WikipediaWikiProject Classical music#Biographical_infoboxes --> Hans Guido Freiherr von Bülow (January 8 1830 &ndash February 12 1894 His compositions around this time were quite conservative, in the style of Robert Schumann or Felix Mendelssohn, true to his father's teachings. Robert Schumann, sometimes given as Robert Alexander Schumann (June 8 1810 &ndash July 29 1856 was a German Composer, Aesthete and influential Music critic Jakob Ludwig Felix Mendelssohn Bartholdy, born and generally known as Felix Mendelssohn (February 3 1809 &ndash November 4 1847 was a German Composer His Horn Concerto No. 1 (1882–1883) is representative of this period and is still regularly played.

Richard Strauss married soprano Pauline de Ahna on September 10, 1894. Pauline Maria de Ahna ( 4 February 1863 - 13 May 1950) was a German Operatic Soprano. Events 506 - The Bishops of Visigothic Gaul meet in the Council of Agde. Year 1894 ( MDCCCXCIV) was a Common year starting on Monday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common She was famous for being bossy, ill-tempered, eccentric, and outspoken, but the marriage was happy, and she was a great source of inspiration to him. Throughout his life, from his earliest songs to the final Four Last Songs of 1948, he would prefer the soprano voice to all others. The Four Last Songs ( Vier letzte Lieder) for Soprano and Orchestra were the final works of Richard Strauss, composed in 1948 when Nearly every major operatic role that Strauss wrote is for a soprano.

Tone poems

Strauss's style began to change when he met Alexander Ritter, a noted composer and violinist, and the husband of one of Richard Wagner's nieces. The violin is a bowed String instrument with four strings usually tuned in Perfect fifths It is the smallest and highest-pitched member It was Ritter who persuaded Strauss to abandon the conservative style of his youth, and begin writing tone poems; he also introduced Strauss to the essays of Richard Wagner and the writings of Schopenhauer. Strauss went on to conduct one of Ritter's operas, and later Ritter wrote a poem based on Strauss's own Tod und Verklärung. Death and Transfiguration ( Tod und Verklärung) is a Tone poem for large orchestra by Richard Strauss.

This newly found interest resulted in what is widely regarded as Strauss's first piece to show his mature personality, the tone poem Don Juan. A symphonic poem or tone poem is a piece of Orchestral Music in one movement in which some extramusical program provides a narrative or illustrative element Don Juan op20 is a Tone poem for large orchestra by the German composer Richard Strauss, which was written in 1888 When this was premiered on November 11, 1889, half of the audience cheered while the other half booed. Events 308 - The Congress of Carnuntum: Attempting to keep peace within the Roman Empire, the leaders of the Tetrarchy declare Year 1889 ( MDCCCLXXXIX) was a Common year starting on Tuesday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common Strauss knew he had found his own musical voice, saying "I now comfort myself with the knowledge that I am on the road I want to take, fully conscious that there never has been an artist not considered crazy by thousands of his fellow men. " Strauss went on to write a series of other tone poems, including Aus Italien (1886), Tod und Verklärung (Death and Transfiguration, 1888–1889), Till Eulenspiegels lustige Streiche (Till Eulenspiegel's Merry Pranks, 1894–95), Also sprach Zarathustra (Thus Spoke Zarathustra, 1896) — the opening section of which is well known today for its use in Stanley Kubrick's film 2001: A Space Odyssey), Don Quixote (1897), Ein Heldenleben (A Hero's Life, 1897–98), Sinfonia Domestica (Domestic Symphony, 1902–03) and Eine Alpensinfonie (An Alpine Symphony, 1911–1915). Aus Italien op 16 (From Italy is a Tone poem for full orchestra composed by Richard Strauss in 1886. Death and Transfiguration ( Tod und Verklärung) is a Tone poem for large orchestra by Richard Strauss. Till Eulenspiegel's Merry Pranks (German Till Eulenspiegels lustige Streiche, 1894-95 Op Also sprach Zarathustra op 30 is a Tone poem by Richard Strauss, composed in 1896 and inspired by Friedrich Nietzsche 's book 2001 A Space Odyssey is a 1968 Science fiction film directed by Stanley Kubrick, written by Kubrick and Arthur C Don Quixote, op 35 is a composition by Richard Strauss for Cello, Viola and Large orchestra. Ein Heldenleben (literally A Heroic Life, but usually more loosely translated as A Hero's Life) op Sinfonia Domestica op53 (Domestic Symphony is a Tone poem for large Orchestra by Richard Strauss. Eine Alpensinfonie (An Alpine Symphony Op 64 is a large Symphonic poem composed by Richard Strauss between 1911 and 1915

Opera

Around the end of the 19th century, Strauss turned his attention to opera. His first two attempts in the genre, Guntram in 1894 and Feuersnot in 1901 were considered obscene and were critical failures. Guntram (Op 25 is an Opera in three acts by Richard Strauss with a German libretto written by the composer Feuersnot ( The Need for Fire or Fire Famine) is a Singgedicht (sung poem or Opera in one act by Richard Strauss, his [1] However, in 1905 he produced Salome (based on the play by Oscar Wilde), and the reaction was as passionate and extreme as it had been with Don Juan. Salome is an Opera in one act by Richard Strauss to a German Libretto by the composer based on Hedwig Lachmann ’s German Oscar Fingal O'Flahertie Wills Wilde (16 October 1854 – 30 November 1900 was an Irish Playwright, Novelist, poet and Author of When it opened at the Metropolitan Opera in New York City, there was such a public outcry that it was closed after just one performance. The Metropolitan Opera Association of New York City, founded in April 1880 is a major presenter of all types of opera including Grand Opera. Doubtless, much of this was due to the subject matter, and negative publicity about Wilde's "immoral" behavior. However, some of the negative reactions may have stemmed from Strauss's use of dissonance, rarely heard then at the opera house. Elsewhere the opera was highly successful and Strauss reputedly financed his house in Garmisch-Partenkirchen completely from the revenues generated by the opera. Garmisch-Partenkirchen is a Market town in Bavaria, southern Germany.

Strauss's next opera was Elektra, which took his use of dissonance even further. See Mourning Becomes Electra for a reference to the 1967 opera based on the 1931 Eugene O'Neill play It was also the first opera in which Strauss collaborated with the poet Hugo von Hofmannsthal. Hugo von Hofmannsthal ( February 1, 1874 – July 15, 1929) was an Austrian Novelist, librettist, Poet The two would work together on numerous other occasions. For these later works, however, Strauss moderated his harmonic language somewhat, with the result that works such as Der Rosenkavalier (The Knight of the Rose, 1910) were great public successes. Der Rosenkavalier ( op 59 ( The Knight of the Rose) is a comic Opera in three acts by Richard Strauss to an original Strauss continued to produce operas at regular intervals until 1940. These included Ariadne auf Naxos (1912), Die Frau ohne Schatten (1918), Die ägyptische Helena (1927), and Arabella (1932), all in collaboration with Hofmannsthal; and Intermezzo (1923), for which Strauss provided his own libretto, Die schweigsame Frau (1934), with Stefan Zweig as librettist; Friedenstag (1936) and Daphne (1937) (libretto by Joseph Gregor and Zweig); Die Liebe der Danae (1940) (with Gregor) and Capriccio (libretto by Clemens Krauss) (1941). Ariadne auf Naxos ( Ariadne on Naxos) is an Opera by Richard Strauss with a German libretto by Hugo von Hofmannsthal. Die Frau ohne Schatten ( The Woman without a Shadow) is an Opera in three acts by Richard Strauss with a Libretto by his Die ägyptische Helena ( The Egyptian Helen) is an Opera in two acts by Richard Strauss to a German libretto by Hugo von Hofmannsthal Arabella is a lyric comedy or Opera in 3 acts by Richard Strauss to a German libretto by Hugo von Hofmannsthal, their sixth and last Intermezzo is an Opera in two acts by Richard Strauss to his own German libretto described as a Bürgerliche Komödie mit sinfonischen Die schweigsame Frau ( The Silent Woman) is an Opera in three acts by Richard Strauss with Libretto by Stefan Zweig after Stefan Zweig ( November 28, 1881, Vienna, Austria &ndash February 22, 1942, Petrópolis, Brazil) Friedenstag ( Peace Day) is an Opera in one act by Richard Strauss, his Opus 81 to a German libretto by Joseph Gregor. Daphne is an Opera in one act by Richard Strauss, his 13th opera subtitled "A Bucolic Tragedy in One Act" Die Liebe der Danae ( The Love of Danae) is an Opera in three acts by Richard Strauss to a German libretto by Joseph Gregor Capriccio is the final Opera by German composer Richard Strauss, subtitled "A Conversation Piece for Music" WikipediaWikiProject Classical music#Biographical_infoboxes --> Clemens Heinrich Krauss ( March 31, 1893 &ndash

Strauss also made live-recording player piano music rolls for the Hupfeld system, all of which survive today and can be heard. The player piano is a self-playing Piano, containing a pneumatic mechanism that plays on the piano action pre-programmed Music via perforated paper rolls

Solo and chamber works

Strauss's solo and chamber works include early compositions for piano solo in a conservative harmonic style, many of which are lost; a rarely heard string quartet (opus 2); the famous violin sonata in Eb which he wrote in 1887; as well as a handful of late pieces. There are only six works in his entire output dating from after 1900 which are for chamber ensembles, and four are arrangements of portions of his operas. His last chamber work, an Allegretto in E for violin and piano, dates from 1940.

Solo instrument with orchestra

Much more extensive was his output of works for solo instrument or instruments with orchestra. The most famous include two horn concerti, which are still part of the standard repertoire of most horn soloists; a concerto for violin; Burleske for Piano and Orchestra; the tone poem Don Quixote, for cello, viola and orchestra; a late concerto for oboe (inspired by a request from an American soldier and oboist, John DeLancie, whom he met after the war); and the duet concertino for bassoon and clarinet, which was one of his last works (1947). Don Quixote, op 35 is a composition by Richard Strauss for Cello, Viola and Large orchestra. The Concerto in D major for Oboe and Small Orchestra, Op 144 TrV 292 was written by Richard Strauss in 1945. Strauss admitted that the Duett Concertino had an extra-musical "plot", in which the clarinet represented a princess and the bassoon a bear; when the two dance together, the bear transforms into a prince.

Strauss and the Nazis

There is much controversy surrounding Strauss's role in Germany after the Nazi Party came to power. The, officially National Socialist German Workers' Party, ( abbreviated NSDAP) was a Political party in Germany between 1919 and 1945 Some say that he was constantly apolitical, and never cooperated with the Nazis completely. Others point out that he was an official of the Third Reich. Nazi Germany and the Third Reich are the common English names for Germany under the regime of Adolf Hitler and the National Socialist German Workers Several noted musicians disapproved of his conduct while the Nazis were in power, among them the conductor Arturo Toscanini, who famously said, "To Strauss the composer I take off my hat; to Strauss the man I put it back on again. WikipediaWikiProject Classical music#Biographical_infoboxes --> Arturo Toscanini (ɑrˈturɔ ˌtɔskɑˈnini (March 25 1867 &ndash January "[2]

In November 1933, without consultation with Strauss, Joseph Goebbels appointed him to the post of president of the Reichsmusikkammer, the State Music Bureau. Paul Joseph Goebbels (German pronunciation ˈɡœbəls English generally ˈɡɝbəlz (29 October 1897 1 May 1945 was a German politician and Reich Minister of Public Strauss decided to keep his post but to remain apolitical, a decision which has been criticized as naïve. While in this position he composed the Olympische Hymne for the 1936 Summer Olympics, and also befriended some high-ranking Nazis. Olympische Hymne (Olympic Hymn is a composition for orchestra and mixed chorus by Richard Strauss. The 1936 Summer Olympics, officially known as the Games of the XI Olympiad, an International Multi-sport event which was held in 1936 in Berlin Evidently his intent was to protect his daughter-in-law Alice, who was Jewish, from persecution. In 1935, Strauss was forced to resign his position as Reichsmusikkammer president, after refusing to remove from the playbill for Die schweigsame Frau the name of the Jewish librettist, his friend Stefan Zweig. Stefan Zweig ( November 28, 1881, Vienna, Austria &ndash February 22, 1942, Petrópolis, Brazil) He had written Zweig a supportive letter, insulting to the Nazis, which was intercepted by the Gestapo. The ( contraction of ge heime Sta ats' po' lizei: "Secret State Police" was the official Secret police of Nazi Germany By the time he conducted the Olympische Hymne at the Berlin Olympic Stadium in 1936, he was no longer president of the Reichsmusikkammer.

His decision to produce Friedenstag in 1938, a one-act opera set in a besieged fortress during the Thirty Years' War – essentially a hymn to peace and a thinly veiled criticism of the Third Reich – during a time when an entire nation was preparing for war, has been seen as extraordinarily brave. Friedenstag ( Peace Day) is an Opera in one act by Richard Strauss, his Opus 81 to a German libretto by Joseph Gregor. For the Mauritanian Thirty Years' War see Char Bouba war. For the band see The 30 Years War. With its contrasts between freedom and enslavement, war and peace, light and dark, this work has been considered more related to Fidelio than to any of Strauss's other recent operas. Fidelio (Op 72 is an Opera in two acts by Ludwig van Beethoven. Production ceased shortly after the outbreak of war in 1939.

When his daughter-in-law Alice was placed under house arrest in Garmisch in 1938, Strauss used his connections in Berlin, for example the Berlin Intendant Heinz Tietjen, to secure her safety; in addition, there are also suggestions that he attempted to use his official position to protect other Jewish friends and colleagues. Heinz Tietjen ( June 24, 1881 - November 30, 1967) was a German conductor and music producer born in Tangier Unfortunately Strauss left no specific records or commentary regarding his feeling about Nazi anti-Semitism, so most of the reconstruction of his motivations during the period are conjectural. Antisemitism (alternatively spelled anti-semitism or anti-Semitism; also rarely known as judeophobia) is the Prejudice against or hostility While most of his actions during the 1930s were midway between outright collaboration and dissidence, it was only in his music that the dissident streak was, in retrospect, more obvious, such as in the pacifist drama Friedenstag.

In 1942, Strauss moved with his family back to Vienna, where Alice and her children could be protected by Baldur von Schirach, the Gauleiter of Vienna. Baldur Benedikt von Schirach ( May 9, 1907 &ndash August 8, 1974) was a Nazi youth leader later convicted of being a War criminal A Gauleiter was the party leader of a regional branch of the NSDAP (more commonly known as the Nazi Party) or the head of a Gau or of a Unfortunately, even Strauss was unable to protect his Jewish relatives completely; in early 1944, while Strauss was away, Alice and the composer's son were abducted by the Gestapo and imprisoned for two nights. Only Strauss's personal intervention at this point was able to save them, and he was able to take the two of them back to Garmisch, where they remained, under house arrest, until the end of the war.

Strauss completed the composition of Metamorphosen, a work for 23 solo strings, in 1945. Metamorphosen is a composition for 23 solo strings (ten violins five violas five cellos and three double basses by Richard Strauss. It is now generally accepted that Metamorphosen was composed, specifically, to mourn the bombing of Strauss's favorite opera house, the Hoftheater in Munich. Strauss called this "the greatest catastrophe that has ever disturbed my life. " However, some scholars suggest that the original intention of the piece was to be a choral setting of Goethe's poem, Niemand wird sich selber kennen.

In April 1945 Strauss was apprehended by American soldiers at his house in Garmisch. He descended the staircase and announced to Lieutenant Milton Weiss of the US Army (who it transpired was also a musician) "I am Richard Strauss, the composer of Rosenkavalier and Salome". Lieutenant Weiss nodded in recognition and another musical American officer placed an 'Off limits' sign on the lawn to protect Strauss. [3]

Final years

In 1948, Strauss wrote his last work, Vier letzte Lieder ("Four last songs") for soprano and orchestra, reportedly with Kirsten Flagstad in mind. The Four Last Songs ( Vier letzte Lieder) for Soprano and Orchestra were the final works of Richard Strauss, composed in 1948 when Kirsten Malfrid Flagstad ( 12 July 1895 &ndash 7 December 1962) was a Norwegian Opera singer one of the greatest She certainly gave the first performance and it was recorded, but the quality of the recording is poor. It is available as a historic CD release for enthusiasts. All his life he had produced Lieder, but these are among his best known (alongside "Zueignung", "Cäcilie", "Morgen" and "Allerseelen"). de Lied (plural de Lieder) (liːt plural) is a German word meaning literally " Song " among English speakers however the word When compared to the work of younger composers, Strauss's harmonic and melodic language was considered somewhat old-fashioned by this time. Nevertheless, the songs have always been popular with audiences and performers. Strauss himself declared in 1947, "I may not be a first-rate composer, but I am a first-class second-rate composer!"

Richard Strauss died on September 8, 1949, in Garmisch-Partenkirchen, Germany at the age of 85. Events 70 - Roman forces under Titus sack Jerusalem. 1264 - The Statute of Kalisz Year 1949 ( MCMXLIX) was a Common year starting on Saturday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. Garmisch-Partenkirchen is a Market town in Bavaria, southern Germany.

Recordings

Richard Strauss made a number of recordings of his music, as well as music by German and Austrian composers. Harold C. Schonberg in The Great Conductors (New York:Simon and Schuster, 1967) says that, while Strauss was a very fine conductor, he often put scant effort into his recordings.

The 1929 performances of Till Eulenspiegel and Don Juan with the Berlin State Opera Orchestra have long been considered the best of his early electrical recordings; even the original 78 rpm discs had superior sound for their time and the performances were top-notch and quite exciting at times, despite a noticeable mistake by the French horn soloist in the famous opening passage of Till Eulenspiegel. The breaks for side changes, necessitated by the 78 rpm process, are rather curious because Strauss actually repeated a few notes each time the music resumed; careful editing for LP and CD reissues resolved the repetitions as well as the obvious interruptions in the music.

Schonberg focused primarily on Strauss' recordings of Mozart's Symphony No. 40 in G minor and Beethoven's Symphony No. 7 in A, as well as noting that Strauss played a breakneck version of Beethoven's ninth symphony in about 45 minutes. Concerning the Beethoven seventh symphony, Schonberg wrote, "There is almost never a ritard or a change in experession or nuance. The slow movement is almost as fast as the following vivace; and the last movement, with a big cut in it, is finished in four minutes, twenty-five seconds. (It should run between seven and eight minutes. )" Schonberg also complained that the Mozart symphony had "no force, no charm, no inflection, with a metronomic rigidity. "

Peter Gutmann's 1994 review for classicalnotes. com says the performances of the Beethoven fifth and seventh symphonies, as well as Mozart's last three symphonies, are actually quite good, even if they are sometimes unconventional. "The Koch CDs," Gutman wrote, "represent all of Strauss's recordings of works by other composers. (The best of his readings of his own famous tone poems and other music are collected on DGG 429 925-2, 3 CDs. ) It is true, as the critics suggest, that the readings forego overt emotion, but what emerges instead is a solid sense of structure, letting the music speak convincingly for itself. It is also true that Strauss's tempos are generally swift, but this, too, contributes to the structural cohesion and in any event is fully in keeping with our modern outlook in which speed is a virtue and attention spans are defined more by MTV clips and news sound bites than by evenings at the opera and thousand page novels. "

Koch Legacy has also released recordings of overtures by Gluck, Carl Maria von Weber, Peter Cornelius and Wagner. Carl Maria Friedrich Ernst von Weber ( 18 December 1786 in Eutin, Holstein, Germany - 5 June 1826 in London Carl August Peter Cornelius ( 24 December 1824 &ndash 26 October 1874) was a German Composer, Writer The preference for German and Austrian composers in Germany in the 1920s through the 1940s was typical of the German nationalism that existed after World War I. Strauss clearly capitalized on national pride for the great German-speaking composers.

One of the more interesting of Strauss' recordings was perhaps the first complete performance of his An Alpine Symphony, made in 1941 and later released by EMI, because Strauss used the full complement of percussion instruments required in this spectacular symphony. The EMI Group is a British music company comprising the major record company EMI Music – which operates several labels and is based in Kensington in The intensity of the performance rivaled that of the digital recording Herbert von Karajan made many years later with the Berlin Philharmonic Orchestra. WikipediaWikiProject Classical music#Biographical_infoboxes --> Herbert von Karajan ( April 5 The Berlin Philharmonic (in German: Die Berliner Philharmoniker) is an Orchestra based in Berlin, Germany.

There were many other recordings, including some taken from radio broadcasts and concerts, during the 1930s and early 1940s. Undoubtedly, the sheer volume of recorded performances would yield some definitive performances from a very capable and rather forward-looking conductor.

In 1944, Strauss celebrated his 80th birthday and conducted the Vienna Philharmonic in recordings of his major orchestral works, as well as the seldom-heard Schlagobers (Whipped Cream) ballet music. The Vienna Philharmonic (in German: die Wiener Philharmoniker) is an Orchestra in Austria, regularly considered one of the finest in the He actually put more feeling into these performances than his earlier recordings, which were recorded on the Magnetophon tape recording equipment (developed primarily by the Germans to record Adolf Hitler's speeches for radio broadcasts). Magnetophon was the brand or model name of the pioneering Reel-to-reel tape recorder developed by engineers of the German electronics company AEG in the 1930s based Hi and welcome to Wikipedia! Please understand that this article is frequently vandalized and vandalism is reverted immediately Vanguard Records later issued the recordings on LPs. Vanguard Records is a Record label set up in 1950 by brothers Maynard and Seymour Solomon in New York. Some of these recordings have been reissued on CDs by Preiser; given their remarkable fidelity and their above average performances, these performances deserve to be heard.

Principal compositions

Operas

Ballet music

Tone poems

Other orchestral works

Concertante

Vocal/Choral

Media

See also

Notes

  1. ^ Ashley, Tim. The Elektra chord is a "complexly dissonant signature- chord " and motivic elaboration used by Composer Richard Strauss "Feuersnot". The Guardian (UK), 30 November 2000. Events 1700 - Battle of Narva — A Swedish army of 8500 men under Charles XII defeats 2000 ( MM) was a Leap year that started on Saturday of the Common Era, in accordance with the Gregorian calendar. Retrieved on 27 October 2007. Events 312 - Constantine the Great is said to have received his famous Vision of the Cross. Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century.
  2. ^ Kennedy, Michael. Review of "A Confidential Matter: The Letters of Richard Strauss and Stefan Zweig, 1931-1935". Music & Letters, Vol. 59, No. 4, October 1978. pp. 472-475.
  3. ^ Ross, Alex. "The Rest is Noise: Listening to the 20th Century" (published by Fourth Estate)

Sources

Selective bibliography

External links

Persondata
NAME Strauss, Richard
ALTERNATIVE NAMES
SHORT DESCRIPTION German composer and conductor
DATE OF BIRTH 11 June 1864
PLACE OF BIRTH Munich, Bavaria
DATE OF DEATH 8 September 1949
PLACE OF DEATH Garmisch-Partenkirchen, Germany
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