Citizendia

Richard A. Falk is an American professor of international law, a prolific author in world order and peace studies, and an appointee to two United Nations positions on the Palestinian territories. The United States of America —commonly referred to as the The meaning of the word professor ( Latin: professor, person who professes to be an expert in some art or science teacher of highest rank) varies International law is the term commonly used for referring to the system of implicit and explicit agreements that bind together nation-states in adherence to recognized values and standards Peace, in the modern usage is a concept defined by the ideal state of relationship as absence of hostility at the international level that of a War. The United Nations ( UN) is an International organization whose stated aims are to facilitate cooperation in International law, International security Name There are differences of opinion as to what the Palestinian territories should be called

Contents

Life and Work

Richard Falk obtained a Bachelor of Science in Economics from the Wharton School, University of Pennsylvania, a Bachelor of Laws from Yale University and a Doctor of Laws from Harvard University. A Bachelor of Science ( BS, BSc or BSc in the UK; less commonly S The University of Pennsylvania (also known as Penn) is a private University located in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA. The Bachelor of Laws (abbreviated LLB, LLB or rarely LlB) is an undergraduate or bachelor degree in law offered in most Common law Doctor of Laws ( Latin: Legum Doctor, LLD) is a Doctorate -level Academic degree in Law. He is Albert G. Milbank Professor of International Law and Practice, Emeritus at Princeton University, and was Visiting Distinguished Professor in Global and International Studies at the University of California, Santa Barbara (2001-2004). Princeton University is a private Coeducational research university located in Princeton, New Jersey. The University of California Santa Barbara ( UCSB) is a selective research-oriented public university located on the Pacific Ocean in Santa Barbara County California He retired from teaching in 2001. [1]

Falk has published a number of notable books and essays analyzing the legality of the Vietnam War and other military operations. The legality of the Vietnam War refers to the lawfulness of the 1965-1975 U This article describes three distinct but related terms military operations Operations as military events and operational level of war With regard to the 2003 invasion of Iraq, he has written that it is "inescapable that an objective observer would reach the conclusion that this Iraq war is a war of aggression, and as such, that it amounts to a Crime against Peace of the sort for which surviving German leaders were indicted, prosecuted and punished at the Nuremberg trials conducted shortly after the Second World War. The 2003 invasion of Iraq, from March 20 to May 1 2003 was spearheaded by the United States, backed by British forces and smaller contingents from Australia "[2]

He is a member of the Editorial Boards of The Nation and The Progressive, Chair of the Board of the Nuclear Age Peace Foundation[3][4] and a member of the World Federalist Institute. The editorial board is a group of people usually at a print publication who dictate the tone and direction the publication's Editorials will take This article is about the US Publication. For other newspapers magazines and alternate uses by the same name see The Nation (disambiguation. The Progressive is an American monthly magazine of politics and culture with a pronounced leftist perspective The Nuclear Age Peace Foundation is a Non-profit international organization on the roster in consultative status to the United Nations Economic and Social Council He has recently accepted the position of Distinguished Visiting Professor of Law at Chapman University School of Law [5] He was a member of the Advisory Board for the American Movement for World Government. Chapman University School of Law, commonly referred to as Chapman Law, is a private non-profit Law school located in Orange California. [6]

In 1999-2000 Falk worked on the Independent International Commission on Kosovo. [4]

United Nations Appointments

In 2001 Falk served on a United Nations Human Rights Inquiry Commission for the Palestine Territories[4] with John Dugard, a South African from Leiden University in the Netherlands and Kamal Hussein, former foreign minister of Bangladesh. The United Nations ( UN) is an International organization whose stated aims are to facilitate cooperation in International law, International security John Dugard (born in 1936 in Fort Beaufort) is a South African professor of International law. Leiden University (Universiteit Leiden located in the city of Leiden, is the oldest University in The Netherlands. The Netherlands ( Dutch:, ˈnedərlɑnt is the European part of the Kingdom of the Netherlands, which consists of the Netherlands the Netherlands A minister for foreign affairs, or foreign minister, is a governmental cabinet minister who helps form the Foreign policy of a sovereign nation ( Bengali: বাংলাদেশ inc-Latn Bangladesh) officially Falk stated the two main issues were: "One is evaluating whether the conditions of occupation are such as to give the Palestinians some kind of right of resistance. And if they have that right, then what are the limits to that right?" and "The other issue at stake in this current inquiry is to evaluate how Israel as the occupying power is carrying out its responsibility to protect the society that is subject to its control. "[1] After its investigation the commission issued a report entitled "Human rights inquiry commission to gather and compile information on the violation of human rights by Israel in the occupied Palestinian territories."

On March 26, 2008, the United Nations Human Rights Council (UNHRC) appointed Falk to a six-year term as a special investigator on Israeli actions in the Palestinian territories. The United Nations Human Rights Council is an international body within the United Nations System. For a topic outline on this subject see List of basic Israel topics. Falk replaces South African professor John Dugard, an expert on apartheid who will leave his post in June, 2008 after seven years. The Republic of South Africa (also known by other official names) is a country located at the southern tip of the continent of Africa John Dugard (born in 1936 in Fort Beaufort) is a South African professor of International law. [7] Former American ambassador to the United Nations, John Bolton, criticized Falk's appointment to the United Nations Human Rights Council, stating that "This is exactly why we voted against the new human rights council. John Bolton may refer to John R Bolton, former United States government official and a former United States Ambassador to the United Nations Sir "[8] In May 2008 the National Lawyers Guild urged Israel to permit Falk entry, stating "Falk made no claims any different from those made by John Dugard, the man he was to replace, in several reports on conditions in the Occupied Territories. The National Lawyers Guild is a progressive/left-wing Bar Association in the United States "dedicated to the need for basic and progressive change "[9]

Controversial Positions and Statements

Statements after 9/11

Following the attack of September 11, 2001, Falk stated that the deeper cause of terrorism was "the mass of humanity" that "finds itself under the heels of U. S. economic, military, cultural and diplomatic power. "[10]

However, he added that the attacks were "massive crimes against humanity" and that "any use of force should be consistent with international law and with the `just war' tradition governing the use of force — that is, it should discriminate between military and civilian targets, be proportionate to the challenge and be necessary to achieve a military objective, avoiding superfluous suffering. "[10]

In 2003, Falk criticized the "uncritical and chauvinistic patriotism" and stated that “Without being paranoid, this is the sort of mentality that is capable of fabricating a Reichstag fire as a pretext, so as to achieve more and more control by the state over supposed islands of resistance. ” [11]

Support for Iranian Revolution and Ruhollah Khomeini

On February 16, 1979, two weeks after the Iranian revolution returned religious leader Ruhollah Khomeini to Iran, Falk wrote an op-ed for the New York Times entitled "Trusting Khomeini. The Iranian Revolution' (mostly known as the Islamic Revolution, Persian: انقلاب اسلامی Enghelābe Eslāmi was the Revolution that transformed Seyyed Ruhollah Musavi Khomeini ( Persian:, pronounced muːsæviː-je xomejniː}}( September 24, 1902 – June 3 1989 For a topic outline on this subject see List of basic Iran topics. " He criticized President Jimmy Carter's accusations of "religious fanaticism" and media descriptions of Khomeini as being backwards, antisemitic, and guilty of "theocratic fascism. James Earl "Jimmy" Carter Jr (born October 1 1924 was the thirty-ninth President of the United States, serving from 1977 to 1981 and the recipient of the 2002 " Believing that Khomeini had been judged unfairly, he concluded "the depiction of [Khomeini] as fanatical, reactionary and the bearer of crude prejudices seems certainly and happily false . . . To suppose that Ayatollah Khomeini is dissembling seems almost beyond belief. . . . Having created a new model of popular revolution based, for the most part, on nonviolent tactics, Iran may yet provide us with a desperately-needed model of humane governance for a third-world country. "[12] It was nine months after his editorial that student followers of Khomeini took 52 American diplomats hostage at the U. S. Embassy in Iran and held them for 444 days. [8]

Support for David Ray Griffin

In 2004, Falk wrote a preface to theologian David Ray Griffin's book The New Pearl Harbor: Disturbing Questions About the Bush Administration and 9/11[13] which posits that the attacks on 9/11 were the product of a US Government conspiracy. David Ray Griffin (born 1939 is a retired professor of Philosophy of religion and Theology. In that preface he argued that "There have been questions raised here and there and allegations of official complicity made almost from the day of the attacks, especially in Europe, but no one until Griffin has had the patience, the fortitude, the courage, and the intelligence to put the pieces together in a single coherent account. "[8]

Falk also wrote a chapter for Griffin's 2006 book entitled 9/11 and American Empire: Intellectuals Speak Out. [14] Falk argued that "Momentous suspicious events bearing on the legitimacy of the process of governance in the US have been consistently shielded from mainstream inquiry by being reinscribed as the wild fantasies of 'conspiracy theorists'. . . The management of suspicion is itself suspicious. "[15]

Statements on Israel/Palestine

In a June 2007 article called "Slouching toward a Palestinian Holocaust," Falk compared some Israeli policies with regard to the Palestinians to the Nazi-Germany record of collective punishment. Nazi Germany and the Third Reich are the common English names for Germany under the regime of Adolf Hitler and the National Socialist German Workers Collective punishment is the Punishment of a group of people as a result of the behaviour of one or more other individuals or groups Identifying himself as an American Jew, Falk stated that his use of the term "holocaust" "represents a rather desperate appeal to the governments of the world and to international public opinion to act urgently to prevent these current [Israeli] genocidal tendencies from culminating in a collective tragedy [for the Palestinians]. " Falk also stated that "the comparison should not be viewed as literal, but. . . that a pattern of criminality associated with Israeli policies in Gaza has actually been supported by the leading democracies of the 21st century. Gaza (غزة, עַזָּה ʕazzā is the largest city in the Gaza Strip and the Palestinian territories. "[16]

In response to Falk's past comments, Yitzhak Levanon, the Israeli ambassador to the United Nations in Geneva, criticised Falk's appointment by the United Nations Human Rights Council in an address to the council, stating: "He has taken part in a UN fact-finding mission which determined that suicide bombings were a valid method of 'struggle'. The United Nations ( UN) is an International organization whose stated aims are to facilitate cooperation in International law, International security Geneva (Genève is the second-most populous city in Switzerland (after Zürich) and is the most populous city of Romandy (the French -speaking He has disturbingly charged Israel with 'genocidal tendencies', and accused it of trying to achieve security through 'state terrorism'. Someone who has publicly and repeatedly stated such views cannot possibly be considered independent, impartial or objective. "[17] The Israeli government announced that it will deny Falk a visa to Israel, the West Bank and the Gaza Strip, at least until the September meeting of the Human Rights Council. The West Bank (الضفة الغربية, הגדה המערבית Hagadah Hamaaravit) also referred to in Israel as " Judea and Samaria [18]

Falk responded to the criticism by saying, "If this kind of situation had existed for instance in the manner in which China was dealing with Tibet or the Sudanese government was dealing with Darfur, I think there would be no reluctance to make that comparison. Talk People's Republic of China) PEOPLE'S REPUBLIC OF CHINA ARTICLE GUIDELINES Definitions of Tibet See also Definitions of Tibet Name In English The English word Tibet, like the word for Tibet in most European Sudan (officially the Republic of Sudan) ( السودان al-Sūdān is a country in northeastern Africa. Darfur (دار فور daar foor, lit "realm of the Fur " is a region in Sudan. " He attributed the reluctance to criticise Israel's policies on the sensitive history of the Jewish people, as well as the state's ability to "avoid having (its) policies held up to international law and morality. "[19]

Bibliography

References

  1. ^ a b Karin Dienst, Falk evaluates Mideast violence with U.N. team, Princeton University Weekly Bulletin, February 19, 2001. Princeton University is a private Coeducational research university located in Princeton, New Jersey.
  2. ^ Frontline, Volume 20, Issue 08, April 12-25, 2003.
  3. ^ Princeton University faculty profile.
  4. ^ a b c Biographical Profile from University of California, Santa Barbara lecture. The University of California Santa Barbara ( UCSB) is a selective research-oriented public university located on the Pacific Ocean in Santa Barbara County California
  5. ^ [1].
  6. ^ American Movement for World Government
  7. ^ UN envoy hits Israel 'apartheid', BBC, February 23, 2007
  8. ^ a b c Eli Lake, U.N. Official Calls for Study Of Neocons' Role in 9/11, New York Sun, April 10, 2008
  9. ^ Press Release: National Lawyers Guild Urges Israel to Permit Richard Falk to Enter Israel and the Occupied Palestinian Territories, Common Dreams, April 23, 2008. Common Dreams NewsCenter, often referred to simply as Common Dreams is a popular U
  10. ^ a b Richard Bernstein. "No Sympathy for Terrorists, but Warnings About Overreaction", New York Times, October 6, 2001.  
  11. ^ Richard Falk. "Will the Empire be Fascist?", TFF, March 24, 2003.  
  12. ^ Richard Falk OpEd, "Trusting Khomeini," New York Times, February 16, 1979.
  13. ^ David Ray Griffin, The New Pearl Harbor: Disturbing Questions About the Bush Administration and 9/11, Interlink, 2005.
  14. ^ David Ray Griffin, "9/11 and American Empire: Intellectuals Speak Out, Olive Branch Press, 2006.
  15. ^ David Aaronovitch, UN expert? No, a conspiracy crank, The Times blog, April 15, 2008. The Times is a daily national Newspaper published in the United Kingdom since 1785 when it was known as The Daily Universal Register.
  16. ^ Richard Falk, Slouching toward a Palestinian Holocaust, The Transnational Foundation for Peace and Future Research (TFF), June 29, 2007.
  17. ^ UNHRC appointment infuriates Israel, The Jerusalem Post, March 26, 2008.
  18. ^ Israel to bar UN official for comparing Israelis to Nazis, Haaretz, April 8, 2008.
  19. ^ UN expert stands by Nazi comments, BBC, April 8, 2008
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