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Rich Text Format
File name extension . A filename extension is a suffix to the name of a Computer file applied to indicate the encoding convention ( File format) of its contents rtf
Internet media type text/rtf
Type code 'RTF '
Uniform Type Identifier public. An Internet media type, originally called a MIME type after MIME and sometimes a Content-type after the name of a header in several protocols whose value A type code is the only mechanism used in pre- Mac OS X versions of the Macintosh Operating system to denote a file's format, in a manner similar A Uniform Type Identifier ( UTI) is a string defined by Apple Inc rtf
Magic number {\rtf
Developed by Microsoft
Type of format document file format
"Rich text" redirects here. A file format is a particular way to encode information for storage in a Computer file. Microsoft Corporation is an American multinational Computer technology Corporation, which rose to dominate the Home computer A document file format is a text or binary file format for storing Documents on a storage media, especially for use by Computers For the general term, see Formatted text. Formatted text, styled text or rich text, as opposed to Plain text, has styling information beyond the minimum of semantic elements colours styles (boldface

The Rich Text Format (often abbreviated RTF) is a free document file format developed by Microsoft in 1987 for cross-platform document interchange. A free file format is a File format whose full specification is freely available and for which there are no restrictions (e A document file format is a text or binary file format for storing Documents on a storage media, especially for use by Computers A file format is a particular way to encode information for storage in a Computer file. Microsoft Corporation is an American multinational Computer technology Corporation, which rose to dominate the Home computer In computing cross-platform (also known as multi-platform) is a term used to refer to Computer software or computing methods and concepts that are implemented Most word processors are able to read and write RTF documents.

It should not be confused with enriched text (mimetype "text/enriched" of RFC 1896) or its predecessor Rich Text (mimetype "text/richtext" of RFC 1341 and 1521) which are completely different specifications. Enriched text is a Formatted text format for E-mail, defined by the IETF in RFC 1896 and associated with the text/enriched MIME type

Contents

History

Members of the Microsoft Word development team, Richard Brodie, Charles Simonyi, and David Luebbert developed the original RTF in the middle to late 1980s. Microsoft Word is Microsoft 's flagship word processing software. Richard "Quiet Lion" Brodie (born November 10 1959 is the original author of Microsoft Word, was employee #77 at Microsoft and is now a professional Charles Simonyi (Simonyi Károly born September 10 1948 is a Hungarian Computer software executive who as head of Microsoft 's application software Its syntax was influenced by the TeX typesetting language. TeX (ˈtɛx as in Greek, often /ˈtɛk/ in English; written with a lowercase 'e' in imitation of the logo is a Typesetting system designed and mostly The first RTF reader and writer shipped in 1987 as part of Microsoft Word 3. 0 for Macintosh, which implemented the version 1. Macintosh, commonly nicknamed Mac is a Brand name which covers several lines of Personal computers designed developed and marketed by Apple Inc 0 RTF specification.

All subsequent releases of Microsoft Word for the Macintosh and all versions of Microsoft Word for Windows have included built-in RTF readers and writers which translate from RTF to Word's . doc format and from . doc to RTF.

The standard is still owned by Microsoft to this date; as of March 2008 it is up to version 1. 9. 1.

Sample RTF document

As an example, the following RTF code:

{\rtf1\ansi{\fonttbl\f0\fswiss Helvetica;}\f0\pard
This is some {\b bold} text. \par
}

would be rendered like this when read by an appropriate word processor:


This is some bold text.

A backslash (\) starts an RTF control code. The backslash ( \) is a typographical mark ( Glyph) used chiefly in Computing. The \par control code indicates the end of a paragraph, and \b switches to a bold typeface. Braces ({ and }) define a group; the example uses a group to limit the scope of the \b control code. Brackets are Punctuation marks used in pairs to set apart or interject text within other text Everything else will be treated as clear text, or the text to be formatted. A valid RTF document is a group starting with the \rtf control code.

Character encoding

RTF is an 8-bit format. A bit is a binary digit, taking a value of either 0 or 1 Binary digits are a basic unit of Information storage and communication That would limit it to ASCII, but RTF can encode characters beyond ASCII by escape sequences. American Standard Code for Information Interchange ( ASCII) This article refers to codes used as commands for computing devices The character escapes are of two types: code page escapes and Unicode escapes. Code page is the traditional IBM term used to map a specific set of characters to numerical Code point values. In Computing, Unicode is an Industry standard allowing Computers to consistently represent and manipulate text expressed in most of the world's In a code page escape, two hexadecimal digits following an apostrophe are used for denoting a character taken from a Windows code page. In Mathematics and Computer science, hexadecimal (also base -, hexa, or hex) is a Numeral system with a For example, if control codes specifying Windows-1256 are present, the sequence \'c8 will encode the Arabic letter beh (ب). Windows-1256 is a Code page used to write Arabic (and possibly some other languages that use Arabic script) under Microsoft Windows.

If a Unicode escape is required, the control word \u is used, followed by a 16-bit signed decimal integer giving the Unicode codepoint number. For the benefit of programs without Unicode support, this must be followed by the nearest representation of this character in the specified code page. For example, \u1576? would give the Arabic letter beh, specifying that older programs which do not have Unicode support should render it as a question mark instead.

The control word \uc0 can be used to indicate that subsequent Unicode escape sequences within the current group do not specify a substitution character.

Human readability

Unlike most word processing formats, good RTF code can be made human-readable. Human-readable refers to a representation of information that can be naturally read by Humans In most contexts the alternative representation is Data That is to say that when an RTF file is opened in a text editor, the text is legible and the markup language is not too distracting or counter-intuitive. A markup language is an Artificial language using a set of annotations to text that give instructions regarding the structure of text or how it is to be displayed The RTF files produced by most programs, such as MS Word, will contain such a large number of control codes for compatibility with older programs that most files will easily be an order of magnitude larger than the raw text and very difficult to read. Formats such as MS Word's . doc are, in contrast, binary formats with only a few scraps of legible text.

Nowadays, human-readable XML-based formats are becoming more common, but at RTF's release its level of readability was rare among document formats. Note that the XML-based OpenDocument and Office Open XML formats are often not immediately human-readable because they are a bundle of several different files within a ZIP archive. The OpenDocument format (ODF is a File format for electronic office documents such as Spreadsheets Charts presentations and Office Open XML (also referred to as OOXML or OpenXML) is a File format for representing Spreadsheets Charts Presentations

Common implementations

Most word processing software implementations support RTF format import and export, often making it a "common" format between otherwise incompatible word processing software.

The WordPad editor in Microsoft Windows creates RTF files by default. WordPad is a simple proprietary Word processor that is included with almost all versions of Microsoft Windows from Windows 95 upwards Microsoft Windows is a series of Software Operating systems and Graphical user interfaces produced by Microsoft. It once defaulted to the Microsoft Word 6.0 file format, but write support for Word documents was dropped in a security update. Microsoft Word is Microsoft 's flagship word processing software.

The free and open-source word processors AbiWord, OpenOffice.org, and KWord can view and edit RTF files. Free software or software libre is Software that can be used studied and modified without restriction and which can be copied and redistributed in modified or unmodified Open source software (OSS began as a marketing campaign for Free software. AbiWord is a Free software Word processor. The name "AbiWord" (pronounced "Abby Word" is derived from the root of the Spanish word abierto OpenOfficeorg ( OOo or OOo) is a free Cross-platform office application suite available for a number of different computer KWord is a free Word processor, a member of the KOffice project and of the K Desktop Environment.

The default editor for Mac OS X, TextEdit, can also view and edit RTF files. Mac OS X (mæk oʊ ɛs tɛn is a line of computer Operating systems developed marketed and sold by Apple Inc, the latest of which is pre-loaded on all currently TextEdit is a simple Open source Word processor and Text editor, first featured in NeXT 's NEXTSTEP and OPENSTEP.

See also

External links

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