| Rhinella | ||||||||||||
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 Cane Toad (Rhinella marinus)
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| Scientific classification | ||||||||||||
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| Type species | ||||||||||||
| Bufo (Oxyrhynchus) proboscideus Spix, 1824 |
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| Species | ||||||||||||
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71 species; see table. Chordates ( Phylum Chordata) are a group of Animals that includes the Vertebrates together with several closely related Invertebrates Prehistoric amphibian Amphibians (class Amphibia such as Frogs Toads Salamanders Newts Gymnophiona, Sirens and This article is about the block cipher algorithm For the ultrafast laser pulse measurement technique see Frequency-resolved optical gating. Bufonidae, or true toads, are a family of Anurans the only family exclusively known as toads In biology a type is that which fixes a name to a Taxon. Depending on the nomenclature code which is applied to the organism in question a type may be a specimen |
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| Synonyms | ||||||||||||
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Chaunus Wagler, 1828 |
Rhinella (Beaked Toads or Rio Viejo Toads) is a large genus containing 71 species of true toads native to Neotropical Central and South America. In Scientific nomenclature, synonyms are different Scientific names used for a single Taxon. Bufonidae, or true toads, are a family of Anurans the only family exclusively known as toads South America is a Continent of the Americas, situated entirely in the Western Hemisphere and mostly in the Southern Hemisphere, with a Originally, all Rhinella species were included in the genus Bufo, then they were split due to large enough taxonomic divergence into Chaunus and Rhamphophryne. Bufo Laurenti, 1768 --> is a large Genus of about 150 species of true Toads in the Amphibian family Bufonidae. The authors Chaparro, Pramuk, and Gluesenkamp placed in 2007 Chaunus and Rhamphophryne into the synonymy of Rhinella (see Herpetologica, 63: 211).
Species
| Binomial Name and Author | Common Name |
|---|---|
| Rhinella abei (Baldissera, Caramaschi & Haddad, 2004) | |
| Rhinella achalensis (Cei, 1972) | Cordoba Toad |
| Rhinella achavali (Maneyro, Arrieta, & de Sá, 2004) | |
| Rhinella acrolopha (Trueb, 1971) | Cerro Mali Beaked Toad |
| Rhinella acutirostris (Spix, 1824) | |
| Rhinella alatus (Thominot, 1884) | |
| Rhinella amabilis (Pramuk and Kadivar, 2003) | |
| Rhinella amboroensis (Harvey & Smith, 1993) | Cochabamba Toad |
| Rhinella arborescandens (Duellman & Schulte, 1992) | Mendoza Pass Toad |
| Rhinella (Hensel, 1867) | Common Toad; Argentine Toad |
| Rhinella arequipensis (Vellard, 1959) | Rio Chili Toad |
| Rhinella arunco (Molina, 1782) | Arunco; Concepcion Toad |
| Rhinella atacamensis (Cei, 1962) | Vallenar Toad; Atacama Toad |
| Rhinella beebei (Gallardo, 1965) | Rivero's Toad |
| Rhinella bergi (Céspedez, 2000) | |
| Rhinella castaneoticus (Caldwell, 1991) | Para Toad |
| Rhinella ceratophrys (Boulenger, 1882) | Horned Toad |
| Rhinella chavin (Lehr, Köhler, Aguilar & Ponce, 2001) | |
| Rhinella chrysophorus (McCranie, Wilson & Williams, 1989) | Rio Viejo Toad |
| Rhinella cristinae (Vélez-Rodriguez & Ruiz-Carranza, 2002) | |
| Rhinella crucifer (Wied-Neuwied, 1821) | Striped Toad |
| Rhinella dapsilis (Myers & Carvalho, 1945) | Bom Jardim Toad |
| Rhinella diptychus (Cope, 1862) | Cope's Toad |
| Rhinella dorbignyi (Duméril & Bibron, 1841) | Dorbigny's Toad |
| Rhinella fernandezae (Gallardo, 1957) | Bella Vista Toad |
| Rhinella festae (Peracca, 1904) | Valle Santiago Beaked Toad |
| Rhinella fissipes (Boulenger, 1903) | Carabaya Toad |
| Rhinella gallardoi (Carrizo, 1992) | Gallardo's Toad |
| Rhinella gnustae (Gallardo, 1967) | Rio Grande Toad |
| Rhinella granulosus (Spix, 1824) | Common Lesser Toad |
| Rhinella henseli (Lutz, 1934) | |
| Rhinella hoogmoedi (Caramaschi & Pombal, 2006) | |
| Rhinella ictericus (Spix, 1824) | Yellow Cururu Toad |
| Rhinella inca (Stejneger, 1913) | Inca Toad |
| Rhinella iserni (Jiménez de la Espada, 1875) | Rio Perene Toad |
| Rhinella jimi (Stevaux, 2002) | |
| Rhinella justinianoi (Harvey & Smith, 1994) | El Chape Toad |
| Rhinella limensis (Werner, 1901) | Peru Coast Toad |
| Rhinella lindae (Rivero & Castaño, 1990) | Murri Beaked Toad |
| Rhinella macrorhina (Trueb, 1971) | Santa Rita Beaked Toad |
| Rhinella manu Chaparro, Pramuk, and Gluesenkamp, 2007 | |
| Rhinella margaritifer (Laurenti, 1768) | South American Common Toad |
| Rhinella marinus (Linnaeus, 1758) | Cane Toad |
| Rhinella multiverrucosus (Lehr, Pramuk & Lundberg, 2005) | |
| Rhinella nesiotes (Duellman & Toft, 1979) | Laguna Toad |
| Rhinella nicefori (Cochran & Goin, 1970) | Colombian Beaked Toad |
| Rhinella ocellatus (Günther, 1858) | Ocellated Toad |
| Rhinella ornatus Spix, 1824 | |
| Rhinella poeppigii (Tschudi, 1845) | Gray Toad |
| Rhinella pombali (Baldissera, Caramaschi & Haddad, 2004) | |
| Rhinella proboscideus (Boulenger, 1882) | Beaked Toad |
| Rhinella pygmaeus (Myers & Carvalho, 1952) | Rio Parahyba Toad |
| Rhinella quechua (Gallardo, 1961) | Incachaca Toad |
| Rhinella roqueanus (Melin, 1941) | |
| Rhinella rostrata (Noble, 1920) | Mesopotamia Beaked Toad |
| Rhinella rubescens (Lutz, 1925) | |
| Rhinella rubropunctatus (Guichenot, 1848) | Rusty Toad |
| Rhinella ruizi (Grant, 2000) | |
| Rhinella rumbolli (Carrizo, 1992) | Salta Toad |
| Rhinella schneideri (Werner, 1894) | Cururu Toad; Schneider's Toad |
| Rhinella scitulus (Caramaschi & de Niemeyer, 2003) | |
| Rhinella sclerocephalus (Mijares-Urrutia & Arends-R. UserPolbot. --> Chaunus abei is a species of Toad in the Bufonidae family UserPolbot. -->The Sapito Achaleño ( Chaunus achalensis) is a species of Toad in the Bufonidae Chaunus achavali is a species of Toad in the Bufonidae family UserPolbot. --> Rhamphophryne acrolopha is a species of Toad in the Bufonidae family UserPolbot. -->The Sapo Cabeciagudo ( Bufo acutirostris) is a species of Toad in the Bufonidae UserPolbot. -->The Sapo Cabeciagudo ( Bufo acutirostris) is a species of Toad in the Bufonidae Chaunus amabilis is a species of Toad in the Bufonidae family UserPolbot. --> Chaunus amboroensis is a species of Toad in the Bufonidae family UserPolbot. --> Chaunus arborescandens is a species of Toad in the Bufonidae family UserPolbot. --> Chaunus arenarum is a species of Toad in the Bufonidae family UserPolbot. --> Chaunus spinulosus is a species of Toad in the Bufonidae family UserPolbot. --> Chaunus arunco is a species of Toad in the Bufonidae family UserPolbot. --> Chaunus atacamensis is a species of Toad in the Bufonidae family UserPolbot. -->The Sapito Granuloso De Beebe ( Chaunus beebei) is a species of Toad in the Bufonidae UserPolbot. --> Chaunus bergi is a species of Toad in the Bufonidae family UserPolbot. --> Bufo castaneoticus is a species of Toad in the Bufonidae family UserPolbot. -->The Sapo Cornudo ( Bufo ceratophrys) is a species of Toad in the Bufonidae Chaunus chavin is a newly described species of Toad endemic to Peru. UserPolbot. --> Bufo cristinae is a species of Toad in the Bufonidae family UserPolbot. --> Chaunus crucifer is a species of Toad in the Bufonidae family UserPolbot. --> Bufo dapsilis is a species of Toad in the Bufonidae family UserPolbot. --> Chaunus diptychus is a species of Toad in the Bufonidae family UserPolbot. -->The Sapito Jardín ( Chaunus dorbignyi) is a species of Toad in the Bufonidae UserPolbot. -->The Sapito De Jardín or Sapito De Panza Amarilla ( Chaunus fernandezae) is a species UserPolbot. --> Rhamphophryne festae is a species of Toad in the Bufonidae family UserPolbot. -->The Carabaya Toad ( Chaunus fissipes) is a species of Toad in the Bufonidae UserPolbot. --> Chaunus gallardoi is a species of Toad in the Bufonidae family UserPolbot. --> Chaunus gnustae is a species of Toad in the Bufonidae family UserPolbot. --> Chaunus granulosus is a species of Toad in the Bufonidae family UserPolbot. --> Chaunus henseli is a species of Toad in the Bufonidae family UserPolbot. --> Chaunus ictericus is a species of Toad in the Bufonidae family UserPolbot. --> Chaunus inca is a species of Toad in the Bufonidae family UserPolbot. -->The Rio Perene Toad ( Bufo iserni) is a species of Toad in the Bufonidae family UserPolbot. --> Chaunus jimi is a species of Toad in the Bufonidae family UserPolbot. --> Chaunus justinianoi is a species of Toad in the Bufonidae family UserPolbot. --> Chaunus limensis is a species of Toad in the Bufonidae family UserPolbot. --> Rhamphophryne lindae is a species of Toad in the Bufonidae family UserPolbot. --> Rhamphophryne macrorhina is a species of Toad in the Bufonidae family UserPolbot. -->The South American Common Toad or Sapo Crestado ( Bufo margaritifer) is a species of UserPolbot. --> Bufo multiverrucosus is a species of Toad in the Bufonidae family UserPolbot. --> Chaunus nesiotes is a species of Toad in the Bufonidae family UserPolbot. --> Rhamphophryne nicefori is a species of Toad in the Bufonidae family UserPolbot. --> Bufo ocellatus is a species of Toad in the Bufonidae family UserPolbot. --> Chaunus ornatus is a species of Toad in the Bufonidae family UserPolbot. --> Chaunus poeppigii is a species of Toad in the Bufonidae family UserPolbot. --> Chaunus pombali is a species of Toad in the Bufonidae family UserPolbot. --> Bufo proboscideus is a South American species of Toad in the Bufonidae family UserPolbot. --> Chaunus pygmaeus is a species of Toad in the Bufonidae family UserPolbot. --> Chaunus quechua is a species of Toad in the Bufonidae family UserPolbot. --> Bufo roqueanus is a species of Toad in the Bufonidae family Rhamphophryne rostrata is a species of Toad. It is listed as a critical endangered species due to a restricted range caused by habitat loss UserPolbot. --> Chaunus rubescens is a species of Toad in the Bufonidae family UserPolbot. --> Chaunus rubropunctatus is a species of Toad in the Bufonidae family UserPolbot. --> Rhamphophryne ruizi is a species of Toad in the Bufonidae family UserPolbot. --> Chaunus rumbolli is a species of Toad in the Bufonidae family The Rococo Toad ( Chaunus schneideri) sometimes referred to as Schneider's Toad, is a large Toad native to the South America countries of UserPolbot. --> Bufo scitulus is a species of Toad in the Bufonidae family UserPolbot. --> Bufo sclerocephalus is a species of Toad in the Bufonidae family , 2001) | |
| Rhinella spinulosus (Wiegmann, 1834) | Warty Toad; Huanuco Toad |
| Rhinella stanlaii (Lötters & Köhler, 2000) | |
| Rhinella sternosignatus (Günther, 1858) | Falcon Toad |
| Rhinella tacana (Padial, Reichle, McDiarmid, & De la Riva, 2006) | |
| Rhinella tenrec (Lynch & Renjifo, 1990) | Antioquia Beaked Toad |
| Rhinella truebae (Lynch & Renjifo, 1990) | Trueb's Beaked Toad |
| Rhinella vellardi (Leviton & Duellman, 1978) | Alto Maranon Toad |
| Rhinella veraguensis (Schmidt, 1857) | Veragua Toad |
| Rhinella veredas (Brandão, Maciel, and Sebben, 2007) |
References
- Chaparro, Juan Carlos, Jennifer B. UserPolbot. --> Chaunus spinulosus is a species of Toad in the Bufonidae family UserPolbot. --> Bufo stanlaii is a species of Toad in the Bufonidae family UserPolbot. -->The Sapito Con Cruz or Sapo Cruzado ( Bufo sternosignatus) is a species of Toad UserPolbot. --> Rhamphophryne tenrec is a species of Toad in the Bufonidae family UserPolbot. --> Rhamphophryne truebae is a species of Toad in the Bufonidae family UserPolbot. -->The Alto Marañon Toad ( Chaunus vellardi) is a species of Toad in the Bufonidae UserPolbot. --> Chaunus veraguensis is a species of Toad in the Bufonidae family Pramuk and Andrew G. Gluesenkamp. 2007. A new species of arboreal Rhinella (Anura: Bufonidae) from a cloud forest of southeastern Peru. Herpetologica. 63 (2): 203-212.
- Frost, Darrel (2006). "The Amphibian Tree of Life". Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History 297: 1–371.
External Links
- Frost, Darrel R. 2007. Amphibian Species of the World: an Online Reference. Version 5. 1 (10 October, 2007). Rhinella. Electronic Database accessible at http://research.amnh.org/herpetology/amphibia/index.php. American Museum of Natural History, New York, USA. (Accessed: May 07, 2008).
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