75 tungsten ← rhenium → osmium Tc ↑ Re ↓ Bh Periodic Table - Extended Periodic Table
General
Name, Symbol, Number	rhenium, Re, 75
Chemical series	transition metals
Group, Period, Block	7, 6, d
Appearance	grayish white
Standard atomic weight	186.207(1)  g·mol−1
Electron configuration	[Xe] 4f14 5d5 6s2
Electrons per shell	2, 8, 18, 32, 13, 2
Physical properties
Phase	solid
Density (near r.t.)	21. Tungsten (ˈtʌŋstən also known as wolfram (/ˈwʊlfrəm/ is a Chemical element that has the symbol W and Atomic number 74 Osmium (ˈɒzmiəm is a Chemical element that has the symbol Os and Atomic number 76 Technetium (tɛkˈniːʃɪəm is the lightest Chemical element with no Stable isotope. Bohrium (ˈbɔəriəm is a Chemical element in the Periodic table that has the symbol Bh and Atomic number 107 This is a typical display of the periodic table of the elements and contains the symbol and Atomic number of each element Wikipedia talkFeatured lists for an explanation of this and other inclusion tags below -->This is a list of Chemical elements, sorted by name Wikipedia talkFeatured lists for an explanation of this and other inclusion tags below -->This is a list of chemical elements by symbol, including the A table of Chemical elements ordered by Atomic number and color coded according to type of element In Chemistry a group, also known as a family, is a vertical column in the Periodic table of the Chemical elements There are 18 groups in In Chemistry, the term transition metal (sometimes also called a transition element) has two possible meanings It commonly refers to any element in In Chemistry a group, also known as a family, is a vertical column in the Periodic table of the Chemical elements There are 18 groups in In the Periodic table of the elements, a period is a horizontal row of the table A block of the Periodic table of elements is a set of adjacent groups The respective highest-energy electrons in each element in a block belong to the same Atomic See also A period 6 element is one of the Chemical elements in the sixth row (or period) of the periodic table of the elements, including the Lanthanides The d-block of the periodic table of the elements consists of those Periodic table groups that contain elements in which in the atomic ground state the highest-energy The atomic mass (ma is the Mass of an atom most often expressed in unified atomic mass units The atomic mass may be considered to be the total mass To help compare different orders of magnitude, the following list describes various Mass levels between 10&minus36&thinsp kg and 1053&thinspkg In Atomic physics and Quantum chemistry, electron configuration is the arrangement of Electrons in an Atom, Molecule, or other Xenon (ˈzɛnɒn or) is a Chemical element represented by the symbol Xe. The electron is a fundamental Subatomic particle that was identified and assigned the negative charge in 1897 by J An electron shell may be crudely thought of as an Orbit followed by Electrons around an Atom nucleus. In the Physical sciences a phase is a Set of states of a macroscopic physical system that have relatively uniform chemical composition and physical properties A solid' object is in the States of matter characterized by resistance to Deformation and changes of Volume. The density of a material is defined as its Mass per unit Volume: \rho = \frac{m}{V} Different materials usually have different Room temperature (also referred to as ambient temperature) is a common term to denote a certain Temperature within enclosed space at which humans are accustomed 02  g·cm−3
Liquid density at m.p.	18. The density of a material is defined as its Mass per unit Volume: \rho = \frac{m}{V} Different materials usually have different The melting point of a solid is the temperature range at which it changes state from solid to Liquid. 9  g·cm−3
Melting point	3459 K (3186 °C, 5767 °F)
Boiling point	5869 K (5596 °C, 10105 °F)
Heat of fusion	60. The melting point of a solid is the temperature range at which it changes state from solid to Liquid. The kelvin (symbol K) is a unit increment of Temperature and is one of the seven SI base units The Kelvin scale is a thermodynamic The Celsius Temperature scale was previously known as the centigrade scale. Fahrenheit is a temperature scale named after Daniel Gabriel Fahrenheit (1686–1736 a German Physicist who proposed it in 1724 The boiling point of a liquid is the temperature at which the Vapor pressure of the liquid equals the environmental pressure surrounding the liquid The kelvin (symbol K) is a unit increment of Temperature and is one of the seven SI base units The Kelvin scale is a thermodynamic The Celsius Temperature scale was previously known as the centigrade scale. Fahrenheit is a temperature scale named after Daniel Gabriel Fahrenheit (1686–1736 a German Physicist who proposed it in 1724 The standard Enthalpy of fusion (symbol \Delta{}H_{fus} also known as the heat of fusion or specific melting heat, is the amount of 43  kJ·mol−1
Heat of vaporization	704  kJ·mol−1
Specific heat capacity	(25 °C) 25. The joule per mole (symbol J·mol-1 is an SI derived unit of energy per amount of material The enthalpy of vaporization, (symbol \Delta{}_{v}H also known as the heat of vaporization or heat of evaporation, is the Energy required The joule per mole (symbol J·mol-1 is an SI derived unit of energy per amount of material Specific heat capacity, also known simply as specific heat, is the measure of the heat energy required to increase the Temperature of a unit quantity 48  J·mol−1·K−1
Vapor pressure P(Pa) 1 10 100 1 k 10 k 100 k at T(K) 3303 3614 4009 4500 5127 5954
Atomic properties
Crystal structure	hexagonal
Oxidation states	7, 6, 5, 4, 3, 2, 1, −1, −2, −3 (mildly acidic oxide)
Electronegativity	1. Vapor pressure (also known as equilibrium vapor pressure or saturation vapor pressure) is the Pressure of a Vapor in equilibrium In Mineralogy and Crystallography, a crystal structure is a unique arrangement of Atoms in a Crystal. In Chemistry, the oxidation state is an indicator of the degree of Oxidation of an Atom in a Chemical compound. In Computer science, ACID ( Atomicity Consistency Isolation Durability) is a set of properties that guarantee that Database transactions are " Electronegativity " is the opposite of " Electropositivity," which describes an element's ability to donate electrons 9 (Pauling scale)
Ionization energies (more)	1st:  760  kJ·mol−1
	2nd:  1260  kJ·mol−1
	3rd:  2510  kJ·mol−1
Atomic radius	135  pm
Atomic radius (calc. The ionization potential, ionization energy or EI of an Atom or Molecule is the Energy required to remove an Electron These tables list the Ionization energy in kJ/mol necessary to remove one mole of Electrons from one mole of neutral gaseous Atoms (first energy respectively The joule per mole (symbol J·mol-1 is an SI derived unit of energy per amount of material Atomic radius, and more generally the size of an atom, is not a precisely defined Physical quantity, nor is it constant in all circumstances A picometre ( American spelling: picometer, symbol pm) is a unit of Length in the Metric system, equal to one trillionth )	188  pm
Covalent radius	159  pm
Miscellaneous
Magnetic ordering	?
Electrical resistivity	(20 °C) 193 n Ω·m
Thermal conductivity	(300 K) 48. The covalent radius, r cov is a measure of the size of Atom which forms part of a Covalent bond. In Physics, magnetism is one of the Phenomena by which Materials exert attractive or repulsive Forces on other Materials. Electrical resistivity (also known as specific electrical resistance) is a measure of how strongly a material opposes the flow of Electric current. In Physics, thermal conductivity, k is the property of a material that indicates its ability to conduct Heat. 0  W·m−1·K−1
Thermal expansion	(25 °C) 6. When the Temperature of a substance changes the energy that is stored in the Intermolecular bonds between atoms changes 2  µm·m−1·K−1
Speed of sound (thin rod)	(20 °C) 4700 m/s
Young's modulus	463  GPa
Shear modulus	178  GPa
Bulk modulus	370  GPa
Poisson ratio	0. Sound is a vibration that travels through an elastic medium as a Wave. In Solid mechanics, Young's modulus (E is a measure of the Stiffness of an isotropic elastic material In Materials science, shear modulus or modulus of rigidity, denoted by G, or sometimes S or μ, is defined as the ratio of Shear Poisson's ratio ( ν) named after Simeon Poisson, is the ratio of the relative contraction strain, or transverse strain (normal to 30
Mohs hardness	7. The Mohs scale of mineral hardness characterizes the scratch resistance of various Minerals through the ability of a harder material to scratch a softer material 0
Vickers hardness	2450  MPa
Brinell hardness	1320  MPa
CAS registry number	7440-15-5
Selected isotopes
Main article: Isotopes of rhenium iso NA half-life DM DE (MeV) DP 185Re 37. The Vickers hardness test was developed in 1924 by Smith and Sandland as an alternative method to measure the Hardness of materials The Brinell scale characterizes the indentation Hardness of materials through the scale of penetration of an indenter loaded on a material test-piece CAS registry numbers are unique numerical identifiers for Chemical compounds Polymers biological sequences mixtures and Alloys They are also referred to Naturally occurring Rhenium ( Re) is 374% 185Re which is stable, and 62 Isotopes (Greek isos = "equal" tópos = "site place" are any of the different types of atoms ( Nuclides In Chemistry, natural abundance (NA refers to the abundance Isotopes of a Chemical element as naturally found on a planet Half-Life (computer-game page here It's already listed in the disambiguation page Radioactive decay is the process in which an unstable Atomic nucleus loses energy by emitting ionizing particles and Radiation. The decay energy is the Energy released by a Nuclear decay. The energy difference of the Reactants is often written as Q: where Q In Nuclear physics, a decay product, also known as a daughter product, daughter isotope or daughter nuclide, is a Nuclide 4% 185Re is stable with 110 neutrons 187Re 62. Stable isotopes are chemical isotopes that are not Radioactive (to current knowledge This article is a discussion of neutrons in general For the specific case of a neutron found outside the nucleus see Free neutron. 6% 4. 35×1010 y α (not observed) 1. Alpha decay is a type of radioactive decay in which an Atomic nucleus emits an Alpha particle (two protons and two neutrons bound together into a particle 653 183Ta β- 0. Tantalum (ˈtæntələm (formerly tantalium /tænˈtæliəm/ is a Chemical element with the symbol Ta and Atomic number 73 In Nuclear physics, beta decay is a type of Radioactive decay in which a Beta particle (an Electron or a Positron) is emitted 0026 187Os
References

Rhenium (pronounced /ˈriːniəm/) is a chemical element with the symbol Re and atomic number 75. Osmium (ˈɒzmiəm is a Chemical element that has the symbol Os and Atomic number 76 Recommended values for many properties of the elements together with various references are collected on these data pages A chemical element is a type of Atom that is distinguished by its Atomic number; that is by the number of Protons in its nucleus. See also List of elements by atomic number In Chemistry and Physics, the atomic number (also known as the proton A rare silvery-white, heavy, polyvalent transition metal, rhenium resembles manganese chemically and is used in some alloys. In Chemistry, the term transition metal (sometimes also called a transition element) has two possible meanings It commonly refers to any element in Manganese (ˈmæŋgəniːz is a Chemical element, designated by the symbol Mn. An alloy is a Solid solution or Homogeneous mixture of two or more elements, at least one of which is a Metal, which itself has Rhenium is obtained as a by-product of molybdenum refinement and rhenium-molybdenum alloys are superconducting. A by-product is a secondary or incidental product deriving from a Manufacturing process a Chemical reaction or a biochemical pathway and is not the primary product Molybdenum (məˈlɪbdənəm from the Greek word for the metal " Lead " is a Group 6 Chemical element with the symbol Mo Superconductivity is a phenomenon occurring in certain Materials generally at very low Temperatures characterized by exactly zero electrical resistance ^[1] It was the last naturally occurring stable element to be discovered^[2] and is among the ten most expensive metals on Earth, at times exceeding US$ 7000 per troy ounce). Troy weight is a system of units of Mass customarily used for Precious metals Black powder, and Gemstones Named after Troyes ^[3]

Contents 1 Notable characteristics 2 Applications 3 History 4 Occurrence 5 Production 6 Isotopes 7 Compounds 8 References 9 External links

Notable characteristics

Rhenium is a silvery white metal, lustrous, and has one of the highest melting points of all elements, exceeded by only tungsten and carbon. The melting point of a solid is the temperature range at which it changes state from solid to Liquid. Tungsten (ˈtʌŋstən also known as wolfram (/ˈwʊlfrəm/ is a Chemical element that has the symbol W and Atomic number 74 Carbon (kɑɹbən is a Chemical element with the symbol C and its Atomic number is 6 It is also one of the most dense, exceeded only by platinum, iridium and osmium. Platinum (ˈplætɪnəm is a Chemical element with the Atomic symbol Pt and an Atomic number of 78 Iridium (ɪˈrɪdiəm is a Chemical element that has the symbol Ir and Atomic number 77 Osmium (ˈɒzmiəm is a Chemical element that has the symbol Os and Atomic number 76 Rhenium has the widest range of oxidation states of any known element: -3, -1, 0, +1, +2, +3, +4, +5, +6 and +7. In Chemistry, the oxidation state is an indicator of the degree of Oxidation of an Atom in a Chemical compound. The oxidation states +7, +6, +4, +2 and -1 are the most common.

Its usual commercial form is a powder, but this element can be consolidated by pressing and resistance-sintering in a vacuum or hydrogen atmosphere. Hydrogen (ˈhaɪdrədʒən is the Chemical element with Atomic number 1 This procedure yields a compact shape that is in excess of 90 percent of the density of the metal. When annealed this metal is very ductile and can be bent, coiled, or rolled. Annealing, in Metallurgy and Materials science, is a Heat treatment wherein a material is altered causing changes in its properties such as strength Rhenium-molybdenum alloys are superconductive at 10 K; tungsten-rhenium alloys are also superconductive,^[4] around 4-8 K depending on the alloy. An alloy is a Solid solution or Homogeneous mixture of two or more elements, at least one of which is a Metal, which itself has The kelvin (symbol K) is a unit increment of Temperature and is one of the seven SI base units The Kelvin scale is a thermodynamic An alloy is a Solid solution or Homogeneous mixture of two or more elements, at least one of which is a Metal, which itself has The kelvin (symbol K) is a unit increment of Temperature and is one of the seven SI base units The Kelvin scale is a thermodynamic Rhenium metal superconducts at 2. 4 K. The kelvin (symbol K) is a unit increment of Temperature and is one of the seven SI base units The Kelvin scale is a thermodynamic ^[5]

Applications

This element is used in platinum-rhenium catalysts which in turn are primarily used in making lead-free, high-octane gasoline and in high-temperature superalloys that are used to make jet engine parts. Platinum (ˈplætɪnəm is a Chemical element with the Atomic symbol Pt and an Atomic number of 78 Catalysis is the process in which the rate of a Chemical reaction is increased by means of a Chemical substance known as a catalyst Characteristics Lead has a dull luster and is a dense, Ductile, very soft highly specific --->A jet engine is a Reaction engine that discharges a fast moving jet of Fluid to ^[6] Other uses:

• Widely used as filaments in mass spectrographs and in ion gauges. Mass spectrometry is an analytical technique that identifies the chemical composition of a compound or sample based on the Mass-to-charge ratio of charged particles Many techniques have been developed for the measurement of Pressure and Vacuum.
• An additive to tungsten and molybdenum-based alloys to increase ductility in these alloys. Molybdenum (məˈlɪbdənəm from the Greek word for the metal " Lead " is a Group 6 Chemical element with the symbol Mo
• An additive to tungsten in some x-ray sources. X-radiation (composed of X-rays) is a form of Electromagnetic radiation.
• Rhenium catalysts are very resistant to chemical poisoning, and so are used in certain kinds of hydrogenation reactions. Catalysis is the process in which the rate of a Chemical reaction is increased by means of a Chemical substance known as a catalyst Catalyst poisoning refers to the effect that a Catalyst can be 'poisoned' if it reacts with another compound that bonds chemically (similar to an inhibitor
• Electrical contact material due to its good wear resistance and ability to withstand arc corrosion. A switch is a mechanical device used to connect and disconnect an electric Circuit at will In Materials science, wear is the erosion of material from a Solid Surface by the action of another substance
• Thermocouples containing alloys of rhenium and tungsten are used to measure temperatures up to 2200 °C. In Electrical engineering and industry thermocouples are a widely used type of temperature sensor and can also be used as a means to convert thermal Potential The Celsius Temperature scale was previously known as the centigrade scale.
• Rhenium wire is used in photoflash lamps in photography. Photography (fә'tɒgrәfi or fә'tɑːgrәfi (from Greek φωτο and γραφία is the process and Art of recording pictures by means of capturing
• Rhenium forms rhenium diboride with boron. Rhenium diboride ( Re[[Boron B]]2 is a synthetic Superhard material. Boron (ˈbɔərɒn is a Chemical element with Atomic number 5 and the chemical symbol B. It is a compound noted for its extreme hardness. ^[7][8]
• Isotopes of rhenium are radioactive. The 188 isotope, with a half-life of 69 days, has been tested for treatment of liver cancer. The 188 isotope may be obtained in the form of a generator. ^[9]
• Related by periodic trends, rhenium has a similar chemistry with technetium; work done to label rhenium onto target compounds can often be translated to technetium. In Chemistry, periodic trends are the tendencies of certain elemental characteristics to increase or decrease as one progresses from one corner of the Periodic table Technetium (tɛkˈniːʃɪəm is the lightest Chemical element with no Stable isotope. This is useful for radiopharmacy, where it is difficult to work with technetium - especially the 99m isotope used in medicine - due to its expense and short half-life.

History

Rhenium (Latin Rhenus meaning "Rhine") was the next-to-last naturally occurring element to be discovered and the last element to be discovered having a stable isotope. Latin ( lingua Latīna, laˈtiːna is an Italic language, historically spoken in Latium and Ancient Rome. The Rhine (Rhein Rijn Rhin Reno Rain Rhenus is one of the longest and most important Rivers in Europe at 1320 kilometres (820 mi with an average discharge The existence of a yet undiscovered element at this position in the periodic table had been predicted by Henry Moseley in 1914. The periodic table of the chemical elements is a tabular method of displaying the Chemical elements Although precursors to this table exist its invention is Henry Gwyn Jeffreys Moseley ( November 23, 1887 – August 10, 1915) was an English physicist. Year 1914 ( MCMXIV) was a Common year starting on Thursday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common year It is generally considered to have been discovered by Walter Noddack, Ida Tacke, and Otto Berg in Germany. Walter Noddack (* 17 August 1893 in Berlin, 7 December 1960 in Berlin) was a German chemist Ida Noddack ( 25 February 1896 - 1978 Née Ida Tacke, was a German Chemist and Physicist. Germany, officially the Federal Republic of Germany ( ˈbʊndəsʁepuˌbliːk ˈdɔʏtʃlant is a Country in Central Europe. In 1925 they reported that they detected the element in platinum ore and in the mineral columbite. Year 1925 ( MCMXXV) was a Common year starting on Thursday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. Platinum (ˈplætɪnəm is a Chemical element with the Atomic symbol Pt and an Atomic number of 78 Ferrocolumbite, also called niobite, niobite-tantalite, columbate and columbite ] Mn)( Nb, Ta)2 They also found rhenium in gadolinite and molybdenite. Gadolinite is a Mineral of a nearly black color and vitreous luster, and consisting principally of the silicates of Cerium, Lanthanum Molybdenite is a mineral of Molybdenum disulfide, Mo[[sulfur S]]2 In 1928 they were able to extract 1 g of the element by processing 660 kg of molybdenite.

The process was so complicated and the cost so high that production was discontinued until early 1950 when tungsten-rhenium and molybdenum-rhenium alloys were prepared. Year 1950 ( MCML) was a Common year starting on Sunday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. These alloys found important applications in industry that resulted in a great demand for the rhenium produced from the molybdenite fraction of porphyry copper ores. Copper (ˈkɒpɚ is a Chemical element with the symbol Cu (cuprum and Atomic number 29

In 1908, Japanese chemist Masataka Ogawa announced that he discovered the 43rd element, and named it nipponium (Np) after Japan (which is Nippon in Japanese). Year 1908 ( MCMVIII) was a Leap year starting on Wednesday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Leap year For a topic outline on this subject see List of basic Japan topics. was a Japanese chemist known for the discovery of Nipponium. After graduating from the University of Tokyo, he studied under William Ramsay in London For a topic outline on this subject see List of basic Japan topics. However, later analysis indicated the presence of rhenium (element 75), not element 43. Technetium (tɛkˈniːʃɪəm is the lightest Chemical element with no Stable isotope. The symbol Np was later used for the element neptunium. Neptunium (nɛpˈtjuːniəm is a Chemical element with the symbol Np and Atomic number 93

Occurrence

Rhenium is not found free in nature, but occurs in amounts up to 0. 2% in the mineral molybdenite, the major commercial source. Molybdenite is a mineral of Molybdenum disulfide, Mo[[sulfur S]]2 It was only recently that the first rhenium mineral was found and described (in 1994), a rhenium sulfide mineral (ReS₂) condensing from a fumarole on Russia's Kudriavy volcano, in the Kurile Islands. A mineral is a naturally occurring substance formed through geological processes that has a characteristic chemical composition a highly ordered atomic structure and specific A sulfide mineral is a Mineral containing Sulfide (S2- as the major Anion. Russia (Россия Rossiya) or the Russian Federation ( Rossiyskaya Federatsiya) is a transcontinental Country extending Medvezhia is a volcanic complex located at the northern end of Iturup Island Kuril Islands, Russia. The Kuril Islands (ˈkʊrɪl or /ˈkjuˈriˈl/ Кури́льские острова́ əstrʌˈva ru-Latn ''Kuril'skie ostrova'' or Kurile Islands in Russia ^[10] Named rheniite, this rare mineral commands high prices among collectors,^[11] but is not an economically viable source of the element. Rheniite is a very rare Rhenium Sulfide mineral (ReS2 It forms metallic silver grey platey crystals in the Triclinic - pinacoidal class Rhenium is widely spread through the Earth's crust at approximately 1 ppb. EARTH was a short-lived Japanese vocal trio which released 6 singles and 1 album between 2000 and 2001 In Geology, a crust is the outermost solid shell of a planet or moon "Parts-per" notation is used especially in Science and Engineering, to denote Ratios (relative proportions in measured quantities particularly

Chile has the world's largest reserves and was the leading producer as of 2005. Chile, officially the Republic of Chile ( Spanish:) is a country in South America occupying a long and narrow Coastal strip wedged between the ^[12]

Production

Commercial rhenium is extracted from molybdenum roaster-flue gas obtained from copper-sulfide ores. Some molybdenum ores contain 0. 002% to 0. 2% rhenium. Rhenium(VII) oxide and perrhenic acid readily dissolve in water; they are leached from flue dusts and gasses and extracted by precipitating with potassium or ammonium chloride as the perrhenate salts, and purified by recrystallization. Rhenium(VII oxide is the Chemical compound with the formula Re2[[Oxygen O7]] Perrhenic acid is the Chemical compound with the formula Re2O7(OH22 The Chemical compound potassium chloride (KCl is a Metal Halide salt composed of Potassium and Chlorine. Ammonium chloride ( N[[Hydrogen H]]4 Cl) (also Sal Ammoniac, salmiac, nushadir salt, zalmiak, sal armagnac The perrhenate ion is ReO4&minus and is a compound containing this ion Recrystallization (see also Crystallization) is a physical process that has meanings in Chemistry, Metallurgy and Geology. ^[13] Total world production is between 40 and 50 tons/year; the main producers are in Chile, USA and Kazakhstan. ^[6] Recycling of used Pt-Re catalyst and special alloys allow the recovery of another 10 tons/year. Platinum (ˈplætɪnəm is a Chemical element with the Atomic symbol Pt and an Atomic number of 78 Prices for the metal rose rapidly in early 2008, from a price of $1000-$2000 per kg in 2003-2006 to over $10,000 in February 2008. ^[14]

The metal form is prepared by reducing ammonium perrhenate with hydrogen at high temperatures:^[13]

2 NH₄ReO₄ + 7 H₂ → 2 Re + 8 H₂O + 2 NH₃

Isotopes

Main article: Isotopes of rhenium

Naturally occurring rhenium is 37. Ammonium perrhenate (APR is the Ammonium salt of Perrhenic acid, NH4ReO4 Hydrogen (ˈhaɪdrədʒən is the Chemical element with Atomic number 1 Naturally occurring Rhenium ( Re) is 374% 185Re which is stable, and 62 4% ¹⁸⁵Re, which is stable, and 62. Stable isotopes are chemical isotopes that are not Radioactive (to current knowledge 6% ¹⁸⁷Re, which is unstable but has a very long half-life which can be affected by its electron density^[15]. A radionuclide is an Atom with an unstable nucleus, which is a nucleus characterized by excess energy which is available to be imparted either to a newly-created Half-Life (computer-game page here It's already listed in the disambiguation page The beta decay of ¹⁸⁷Re is used for rhenium-osmium dating of ores. In Nuclear physics, beta decay is a type of Radioactive decay in which a Beta particle (an Electron or a Positron) is emitted Rhenium-Osmium dating is a form of Radiometric dating based on the Beta decay of the Isotope 187 Re which usually has a Half life It is interesting that the available energy for this beta decay (2. 6 keV) is the lowest known among all radionuclides. A radionuclide is an Atom with an unstable nucleus, which is a nucleus characterized by excess energy which is available to be imparted either to a newly-created There are twenty-six other radioactive isotopes of rhenium recognized.

Compounds

For more details on this topic, see Category:Rhenium compounds.

Rhenium is most available commercially as the sodium and ammonium perrhenates. Sodium perrhenate (NaReO4 is a white crystalline solid It is a commonly available precursor for Rhenium compounds Ammonium perrhenate (APR is the Ammonium salt of Perrhenic acid, NH4ReO4 It is also readily available as dirhenium decacarbonyl; these three compounds are common entry points to rhenium chemistry. Dirhenium decacarbonyl is an Inorganic compound with the formula Re2(CO10

Various perrhenate salts may be easily converted to tetrathioperrhenate by the action of ammonium hydrosulfide. Ammonium hydrosulfide is the Chemical compound with the formula (NH4SH ^[16]

Main article: Rhenium diboride

The hardest Boron compound is created synthetically. Rhenium diboride ( Re[[Boron B]]2 is a synthetic Superhard material. Rhenium diboride (ReB₂) can actually scratch diamond, giving it a higher than 10 rank in the Mohs scale of mineral hardness and making it one of the three hardest substances known to man - the other two being ultrahard fullerite and aggregated diamond nanorods. Rhenium diboride ( Re[[Boron B]]2 is a synthetic Superhard material. "C60" and "C-60" redirect here For other uses see C60 (disambiguation. Aggregated diamond nanorods, or ADNR s (also called "hyperdiamond" are an allotrope of Carbon believed to be the hardest and least

Other compounds:

• Bromopentacarbonylrhenium(I)
• Pentacarbonylhydridorhenium

References

External links

• WebElements.com - Rhenium
• pure Rhenium >99,99% picture in the element collection from Heinrich Pniok

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