| Rhamnus californica | ||||||||||||||||
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 R. c. ssp. californica
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| Scientific classification | ||||||||||||||||
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| Binomial name | ||||||||||||||||
| Rhamnus californica Eschsch. |
The California Buckthorn (Rhamnus californica, syn. Frangula californica (Eschsch. Johann Friedrich Eschscholtz ( 1 November 1793 &ndash 19 May 1831) was a Baltic German Physician, Botanist, This article deals with the general meaning of the term "synonym" ) A. Gray) is also called Coffeeberry because its berries contain seeds which look like coffee beans. This article discusses the coffee plant for information on the beverage see Coffee. It is a fairly common plant native to California and southwestern Oregon. California ( is a US state on the West Coast of the United States, along the Pacific Ocean. Oregon ( is a state in the Pacific Northwest region of the United States.
It is an evergreen shrub growing to 2-5 m tall, with dark red branches. In Botany, an Evergreen plant is a plant having leaves all year round A shrub or Bush is a horticultural rather than strictly botanical category of Woody plant, distinguished from a Tree The leaves are 2-8 cm long, dark, dull green, and curl under at the edges. In Botany, a leaf is an above-ground Plant organ specialized for Photosynthesis. The flowers are small and greenish-white with five petals; they are produced in clusters of 5-60 together. A flower, also known as a bloom or Blossom, is the reproductive structure found in Flowering plants (plants of the division Magnoliophyta, also The fruit is a berry 10-15 mm diameter, which turns red, then purple and finally black over the summer. The term fruit has different meanings dependent on context and the term is not synonymous in Food preparation and Biology. The word berry has two meanings one based on a botanical definition the other on common identification
Coffeeberry plants that grow in windy or exposed areas usually do not exceed a meter or two in height or width, but individuals growing in inland areas or sheltered canyons can spread to 8 m wide. The plant is found in shrubby coastal chaparral areas, foothill slopes, and oak woodlands in most regions in California west of the Sierra Nevada, and grows at altitudes of up to 2300 m. Chaparral is a Shrubland or heathland Plant community found primarily in the U
There are two subspecies:
- Rhamnus californica subsp. In Zoology, as in other branches of Biology, subspecies is the Taxonomic rank immediately subordinate to a Species. californica - widespread in western California. Fruit with two seeds; twigs red; leaves with conspicuous veins.
- Rhamnus californica subsp. occidentalis - northern California and southwest Oregon, on serpentine soils. The serpentine group describes a group of common rock-forming hydrous Magnesium Iron phyllosilicate (()3 Minerals they Fruit with three seeds; twigs brown; leaves with inconspicuous veins.
Coffeeberry is susceptible to the mold which causes sudden oak death. Sudden Oak Death is the common name of a disease caused by the Oomycete Plant pathogen Phytophthora ramorum.
Uses
Some local native tribes used coffeeberry as an herbal laxative, but only in small quantities since the laxative effects of the plant, as with several other Rhamnus species are quite powerful and even dangerous. Laxatives (or purgatives) are foods compounds or drugs taken to induce bowel movements or to loosen the stool most often taken to treat Constipation.
External links
- Jepson Flora Project Rhamnus californica, Rhamnus californica subsp. californica, Rhamnus californica subsp. occidentalis
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