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A residential college is an organisational pattern for a division of a university that places academic activity in a community setting of students and faculty, usually at a residence and with shared meals, the college having a degree of autonomy and a federated relationship with the overall university. A university is an institution of Higher education and Research, which grants Academic degrees in a variety of subjects In biological terms a community is a group of interacting Organisms sharing an environment. Dormitory typically refers in the United States to residence halls which are sleeping quarters or entire buildings primarily providing sleeping and residential quarters for Political federalism is a Political philosophy in which a group of members are bound together (Latin foedus, covenant) with a governing However, the term residential college is also used to describe a variety of other patterns, ranging from a dormitory with some academic programming, to continuing education programs for adults lasting a few days. Dormitory typically refers in the United States to residence halls which are sleeping quarters or entire buildings primarily providing sleeping and residential quarters for Continuing education is an all encompassing term within a broad spectrum of post-secondary learning activities and programs In some parts of the world it simply refers to any organized on-campus housing an example being University of Malaya. The University of Malaya ( Abbreviation: UM; Universiti Malaya is the oldest university in Malaysia. [1]

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Various models of residential college

Prominent models for residential colleges are the colleges of the Oxford University[2] and Cambridge University[3] in the United Kingdom and the institutions based on them in the United States, including Harvard University,[4] Yale University[5], Princeton University and Rice University[6], and the University of California, Santa Cruz. The University of Oxford (informally "Oxford University" or simply "Oxford" located in the city of Oxford, Oxfordshire, England is the The University of Cambridge (often Cambridge University) located in Cambridge, England, is the second-oldest university in the The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, commonly known as the United Kingdom, the UK or Britain,is a Sovereign state located The United States of America —commonly referred to as the Princeton University is a private Coeducational research university located in Princeton, New Jersey. William Marsh Rice University (commonly called Rice University and opened in 1912 as The William Marsh Rice Institute for the Advancement of Letters Science and Art Many other institutions use the system as well. [7] Other universities in the U. S. have recently begun implementing residential colleges as a housing option, but, unlike the aforementioned institutions, at these universities not all of the undergraduate students are members of a residential college. Princeton University has a residential college system for underclassmen, but most upperclassmen leave their college to join an Eating Club. Princeton University is a private Coeducational research university located in Princeton, New Jersey. The eating clubs at Princeton University are private institutions resembling both Dining halls and social houses, where the majority of Princeton upperclassmen It has recently begun implementing a four-year residential system more like that of Yale, but for only a portion of its undergraduates. Cornell University is currently in the process of expanding its residential college system by razing much of its present upperclassmen housing and building five new residential colleges. At the University of Virginia, students may apply to live in one of three residential colleges, and acceptance rates vary from nearly 100 percent at Hereford College to less than five percent in Brown College at Monroe Hill. The University of Virginia (also called UVa, UVA, Mr Jefferson's University, or The University) is a highly selective public research Brown College at Monroe Hill is a residential college at the University of Virginia, United States

In the United States, the academic and residential functions of the residential college system have separated somewhat, leaving the colleges primarily as housing systems. Although residential colleges still offer some classes, these offerings supplement the offerings of the major academic departments which have separate facilities. The primary difference in the U. S. between residential colleges and standard dormitories is often that students are a member of the same residential college for each year that they attend the university. In addition, the members of each residential college are usually expected to eat their meals together, as a unified body. Standard dormitories tend to have residents who move between dorm complexes each year, and who eat in dining halls largely mixed with residents of other dormitories.

In the United Kingdom, a residential college combines both the living and academic aspects of the university in one location. Students often take their classes on the lower floors of the college building and live in the upper floors. Apart from the obvious models of the ancient Universities of Oxford and Cambridge, the University of Durham has residential colleges that operate rather differently from those of Oxford and Cambridge, while London University has an extensive federated college system that is, in effect, a confederation of major teaching and research institutions. Durham University is a University in Durham, England. It was founded as the University of Durham (which remains its official and legal name The University of London is a university based primarily in London, England, UK. The only other ancient collegiate university in current English-speaking Europe is Dublin University (founded 1592); it however is unique in that only has one constituent college, Trinity College. The University of Dublin, corporately designated the Chancellor Doctors and Masters of the University of Dublin (since the 19th century located in Dublin, Trinity College Dublin ( TCD; Irish Coláiste na Tríonóide Baile Átha Cliath; Latin: Collegium Sacrosanctae et Individuae Trinitatis Reginae

Many universities in Canada have emulated the collegiate systems of some British universities. Country to "Dominion of Canada" or "Canadian Federation" or anything else please read the Talk Page The University of Toronto has a federated college system including a number of "federated colleges" and "constituent colleges". This article is about the University of Toronto's St George Campus Other Canadian universities with residential colleges include Trent University, the University of Western Ontario, the University of Waterloo, York University, the University of Manitoba, and the University of British Columbia. This article is about Trent University in Peterborough Ontario Canada The University of Western Ontario (known as Western, as well as UWO or Western Ontario) is a public research University located in London The University of Waterloo (also referred to as UW and Waterloo) is a comprehensive Public university in the city of Waterloo, Ontario York University (Université York is a public Research university located in Toronto, Ontario. The University of Manitoba, in Winnipeg, Canada, is the largest university located in the province of Manitoba. The University of British Columbia ( UBC) is a Canadian public research University with campuses near Vancouver and in Kelowna Three Canadian residential colleges are distinguished by being for graduate students rather than undergraduates — Green and St. John's Colleges at UBC, and Massey College at the University of Toronto. Green College is a centre for interdisciplinary scholarship and a community of scholars at the University of British Columbia founded by Cecil Howard Green and St John's College is one of two Residential colleges at the University of British Columbia, the other being Green College. Massey College is an elite interdisciplinary graduate Residential college affiliated with but independent from the University of Toronto.

Experiences with the residential college model

Because of the many interpretations of the residential college concept, and its use at many universities and institutions, there are many experiences of how the concept plays out at various times and at various institutions. Some particularly illustrative experiences are summarised here.

With only three residential colleges for graduate students in Canada — Green and St. John's Colleges at the University of British Columbia, and Massey College at the University of Toronto — there is a sense that part of the work of these colleges is to explore a Canadian approach to the residential college model, and "to blend quality and prestige on the one hand, and enrichment of the campus on the other, while avoiding elitism or imitation"[8]. Green College is a centre for interdisciplinary scholarship and a community of scholars at the University of British Columbia founded by Cecil Howard Green and St John's College is one of two Residential colleges at the University of British Columbia, the other being Green College. Massey College is an elite interdisciplinary graduate Residential college affiliated with but independent from the University of Toronto.

In 1999 the Massachusetts Institute of Technology took stock of its housing system, and studied a variety of residence models, in "reinventing residence life @ MIT"[9]. Year 1999 ( MCMXCIX) was a Common year starting on Friday (link will display full 1999 Gregorian calendar) Particularly relevant is their report, "A Creative Tension"[10], about the Cambridge college system.

Murray State University in Kentucky, USA was in 1996 the first public university in the USA to adopt a successful campuswide residential college program[11]. Murray State University, located in the town of Murray, Kentucky, is an approximately 10000-student four-year public university The Commonwealth of Kentucky ( is a state located in the East Central United States of America. The United States of America —commonly referred to as the Year 1996 ( MCMXCVI) was a Leap year starting on Monday (link will display full 1996 Gregorian calendar) Though the physical structure of Murray State's residential colleges do not compare to those of the elite institutions, the basic residential college concept was still effectively implemented. All faculty, staff, and students, even those who live off-campus, are assigned to one of the eight residential colleges. Once assigned to a residential college, a person remains a member of that college throughout their time at the University, developing friendships, traditions and lasting bonds that are meant to endure years after leaving Murray State. One of the goals in establishing the program was to improve student life and retention and graduation rates.

In Italy, the residential college model was adopted in 2003 by all of Milan universities, according to a joint program developed in collaboration with several private and public institutions, such as Microsoft and the Lombardy Region, at the Collegio di Milano. Italy (Italia officially the Italian Republic, (Repubblica Italiana is located on the Italian Peninsula in Southern Europe, and on the two largest Year 2003 ( MMIII) was a Common year starting on Wednesday of the Gregorian calendar. Milan (Milano Milan (listen) is one of the largest cities in Italy, located in the plains of Lombardy. Microsoft Corporation is an American multinational Computer technology Corporation, which rose to dominate the Home computer

See also

External links

References

  1. ^ UM Life - Residential College
  2. ^ Oxford University Colleges and Halls. Oxford University web site. Retrieved on 2007-01-02. Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Events 366 - The Alamanni cross the frozen Rhine River in large numbers invading the Roman Empire.
  3. ^ The Colleges of the University. University of Cambridge website. Retrieved on 2007-01-02. Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Events 366 - The Alamanni cross the frozen Rhine River in large numbers invading the Roman Empire.
  4. ^ Harvard College Office of Residential Life (2008), History of the House System, <http://www.orl.fas.harvard.edu/icb/icb.do?keyword=k11447&tabgroupid=icb.tabgroup17718>. Harvard College is the undergraduate section and oldest school of Harvard University, a Private university in the United States founded in 1636 by the Massachusetts Retrieved on 20 April 2008 .
  5. ^ Residential Life. Yale University Office of Undergraduate Admissions website. Retrieved on 2007-01-02. Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Events 366 - The Alamanni cross the frozen Rhine River in large numbers invading the Roman Empire.
  6. ^ About the residential college system. Rice University website. Retrieved on 2007-01-02. Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Events 366 - The Alamanni cross the frozen Rhine River in large numbers invading the Roman Empire.
  7. ^ O’Hara, Robert J. . Residential Colleges Worldwide. The Collegiate Way website. Retrieved on 2007-01-02. Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Events 366 - The Alamanni cross the frozen Rhine River in large numbers invading the Roman Empire.
  8. ^ Green College, UBC. Green College is a centre for interdisciplinary scholarship and a community of scholars at the University of British Columbia founded by Cecil Howard Green and Purpose of the College. Green College UBC website. Retrieved on 2007-01-02. Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Events 366 - The Alamanni cross the frozen Rhine River in large numbers invading the Roman Empire.
  9. ^ a b Residence System Steering Committee, MIT. reinventing residence life @ MIT. MIT Residence System Steering Committee website. Retrieved on 2007-01-02. Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Events 366 - The Alamanni cross the frozen Rhine River in large numbers invading the Roman Empire.
  10. ^ a b Beland, Chris; Matthew Belmonte, Abbe Cohen, Jason Gratt, Yvonne Lai, Alice Man, Sarah McDougal (1999-04-26). Year 1999 ( MCMXCIX) was a Common year starting on Friday (link will display full 1999 Gregorian calendar) Events 1467 - The miraculous image in Our Lady of Good Counsel appear in Genazzano, Italy. A Creative Tension. MIT Residence System Steering Committee website. Retrieved on 2007-01-02. Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Events 366 - The Alamanni cross the frozen Rhine River in large numbers invading the Roman Empire.
  11. ^ Murray State University. Murray State University, located in the town of Murray, Kentucky, is an approximately 10000-student four-year public university Residential Colleges at Murray. Murray State University website. Retrieved on 2007-01-02. Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Events 366 - The Alamanni cross the frozen Rhine River in large numbers invading the Roman Empire.  “We were the first public university with a successful, comprehensive residential college program, where each residential hall is flying its own colors. ”
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