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Resident Evil (known in Japan as Biohazard (バイオハザード Baiohazādo?)) is a survival horror video game series and media franchise consisting of comic books, novelizations, three Hollywood motion pictures, and a variety of collectibles, including action figures, strategy guides and publications. For a topic outline on this subject see List of basic Japan topics. Survival horror is a video game genre inspired by fictional Horror films in which the player's primary objective is to survive and/or escape a threat typical of horror A video game is a Game that involves interaction with a User interface to generate visual feedback on a video device. A media franchise is an Intellectual property involving the characters, setting, and Trademarks of an original work of media (usually A comic book (often shortened to simply comic and sometimes called a comic paper or comic magazine) is a Magazine or Book of narrative A novel (from Italian novella, Spanish novela, French nouvelle for "new" "news" or "short story For the record label see Collectables Records For the Ashanti album see Collectables by Ashanti A collectable An action figure is a posable character Figurine, made of Plastic or other materials and often based upon a movie, Comic book, Video game Strategy guides (攻略本 in Japan, literally "capture book" are instruction books that contain hints or complete solutions to specific Video games The [1] Developed by Capcom and created by Shinji Mikami, the series has been influenced by George A. Romero's Living Dead films, the original Alone in the Dark series of video games and the Nintendo Entertainment System RPG Sweet Home. For the original NASA meaning see capsule communicator. is a leading Japanese International developer is a Japanese video game designer best known for creating the Resident Evil Survival horror George Andrew Romero (born February 4, 1940) is an American director writer editor and actor Living Dead is a blanket term for various films and series that all originated with the seminal 1968 Zombie movie Night of the Living Dead created The Nintendo Entertainment System (often abbreviated as NES or simply Nintendo) is an 8-bit Video game console that was released by A console role-playing game is a video game genre that has its origin rooted in Video game consoles and includes game mechanics and frequently settings derived Sweet Home is a Survival horror game that was released for the Nintendo Entertainment System in 1989 that was produced by Capcom. The games have sold 34. 5 million copies as of February 29, 2008. [2]

Contents

Game history

The original Resident Evil made its 1996 debut on the PlayStation. The PlayStation (abbreviated PS, PSone, PS1, or informally as PSX) is a 32-bit fifth generation Video game console It was both a critical and commercial success,[3] leading to the production of two sequels, Resident Evil 2 in 1998 and Resident Evil 3: Nemesis in 1999, both for the PlayStation and Dreamcast. Resident Evil 2, known in Japan as, is a Survival horror game by Capcom originally released for the PlayStation in 1998 Resident Evil 3 Nemesis, released in Japan as is a Survival horror Video game and the third installment in the Resident Evil A port of Resident Evil 2 was released for the Nintendo 64. The, often abbreviated as N64, is Nintendo 's third home Video game console for the international market In addition, ports of all three were released for Windows. Microsoft Windows is a series of Software Operating systems and Graphical user interfaces produced by Microsoft. The fourth game in the series, Resident Evil Code: Veronica, was developed for the Sega Dreamcast and released in 2000, followed by ports of 2 and 3. Resident Evil Code Veronica, released in Japan as, is the fourth game in Capcom 's Resident Evil Survival horror The is Sega 's most recent Video game console and the successor to the Sega Saturn. 2000 ( MM) was a Leap year that started on Saturday of the Common Era, in accordance with the Gregorian calendar. Resident Evil Code: Veronica was later re-released for Dreamcast in updated form as Code: Veronica Complete, which included slight modifications, many of which revolved around the story cutscenes. Code: Veronica Complete was later ported to PlayStation 2 and Nintendo GameCube under the title Code: Veronica X, and received world-wide release unlike the Japan-only release of the enhanced re-release for Dreamcast. The, often abbreviated as GCN, is Nintendo 's fourth home Video game console and is part of the sixth generation console era.

Despite earlier announcements that the next game in the series would be released for the PlayStation 2, which resulted in the creation of an unrelated game titled Devil May Cry, series' creator and producer Shinji Mikami decided to make the series exclusively for the Nintendo GameCube. Devil May Cry (frequently abbreviated as DMC) is an Action game developed by Capcom Production Studio 4 and published by Capcom is a Japanese video game designer best known for creating the Resident Evil Survival horror The next three games in the series: a remake of the original Resident Evil, the prequel Resident Evil Zero and Resident Evil 4, were exclusive to the GameCube, although 4 was later released for PS2, Wii and PC. A prequel is a work that portrays events and/or aspects of a previously completed narrative but is set prior to the existing narrative Resident Evil Zero, known in Japan as, is a Survival horror game that was developed and published by Capcom for the Resident Evil 4, known in Japan as, is a Third-person shooter Video game and the sixth installment in the Resident Evil In addition, the GameCube received ports of the previous Resident Evil sequels. The remake and Resident Evil Zero were both released in 2002. Despite this exclusivity agreement between Capcom and Nintendo, Capcom released several Resident Evil titles for the PS2 that were not considered direct sequels.

A trilogy of GunCon-compatible light gun games known as the Gun Survivor series featured first person gameplay. The Guncon (often spelled "GunCon" a Portmanteau of "Gun Controller" known as the G-Con in Europe is a family of Light gun A light gun is a Pointing device for Computers and a control device for arcade and video games. was the title given to a series of First person shooter Video games created In video games first person refers to a graphical perspective rendered from the viewpoint of the player character The first, Resident Evil: Survivor, was released in 2000 for the PlayStation and PC, but received mediocre reviews. Resident Evil Survivor, known in Japan as in Japan) is a Light gun Video game developed and published by Capcom. [4] The subsequent games, Resident Evil: Survivor 2 Code: Veronica (2001, Arcade/PlayStation 2) and Resident Evil: Dead Aim (2003, PlayStation 2), fared somewhat better. Resident Evil Survivor 2 - Code Veronica ("ガンサバイバー2:バイオハザードコード:ベロニカ" Gun Survivor 2 Biohazard Code Resident Evil Dead Aim, known in Japan as is the fourth release in the Gun Survivor series and the first to feature third-person movement similar [5] Dead Aim is actually the fourth Gun Survivor game in Japan, with Gun Survivor 3 being the Dino Crisis spinoff Dino Stalker. Dino Crisis is a Survival horror game developed and published by Capcom that was released for the Sony Playstation on July 1 Dino Stalker ( Gun Survivor 3 Dino Crisis in Japan) is a First person shooter Video game created by Capcom

Resident Evil Outbreak is an online game for the PS2, released in 2004, depicting a series of episodic storylines in Raccoon City set during the same time period as Resident Evil 2 and 3. Resident Evil Outbreak, known as in Japan is a single player game with online playability for the PlayStation 2 initially released in 2004. Online games are games played over some form of computer network. Raccoon City is a fictional midwestern American city depicted in the Resident Evil series of Survival horror Video games created by It was followed by a sequel, Resident Evil Outbreak: File 2. Resident Evil Outbreak File #2 is an Online Survival horror game developed and published by Capcom.

Resident Evil Gaiden is an action-adventure game for the Game Boy Color featuring an RPG-style combat system. Resident Evil Gaiden is a Resident Evil Video game featured on the Game Boy Color handheld console and is the only one in the series The is Nintendo 's successor to the Game Boy and was released on October 21, 1998 in Japan and in November 19, 1998 A console role-playing game is a video game genre that has its origin rooted in Video game consoles and includes game mechanics and frequently settings derived It was developed by now-defunct British-based M4 Limited. Leon S. Kennedy and Barry Burton feature in the game, and it is notable for its cliffhanger ending that has not yet been explored in later games. A cliffhanger or cliffhanger ending is a Plot device in which a movie, Novel, or other work of fiction contains an abrupt ending often leaving There have also been several downloadable mobile games based on the Resident Evil series in Japan. A mobile game is a Video game played on a Mobile phone, Smartphone, PDA or Handheld computer Some of these mobile games have been released in North America and Europe through Capcom Mobile.

Games

NameYear of ReleaseOriginal PlatformsPorted/Remake Platforms
Resident Evil1996PlayStationPC, Sega Saturn, GameCube, Mobile Phone, Nintendo DS,
Resident Evil 21998PlayStationPC, Game.com, Nintendo 64, Dreamcast, GameCube
Resident Evil 3: Nemesis1999PlayStationPC, Dreamcast, GameCube
Resident Evil: Survivor2000PlayStationPC (China only)
Resident Evil Code: Veronica2000DreamcastPlayStation 2, GameCube
Resident Evil: Survivor 2 Code: Veronica2001ArcadePlayStation 2
Resident Evil Gaiden2001Game Boy ColorNone
Resident Evil Zero2002GameCubeWii (Japan only)
Resident Evil Outbreak2003PlayStation 2None
Resident Evil: Dead Aim2003PlayStation 2None
Resident Evil Outbreak File #22004PlayStation 2None
Resident Evil 42005GameCubePC, Wii, PlayStation 2, Mobile Phone (Japan only)
Resident Evil Confidential Report2006Mobile PhoneNone
Resident Evil: The Umbrella Chronicles2007WiiNone
Resident Evil: Genesis2007Mobile PhoneNone
Resident Evil 52009PlayStation 3, Xbox 360TBA

In other media

In addition to video games, the plot of Resident Evil has also been adapted into officially licensed materials such as films, comic books, and novels. Notable releases January 29 &mdash Duke Nukem 3D, successor to the simple side-scrolling originals and a genre-redefining title for The PlayStation (abbreviated PS, PSone, PS1, or informally as PSX) is a 32-bit fifth generation Video game console A personal computer ( PC) is any Computer whose original sales price size and capabilities make it useful for individuals and which is intended to be operated The is a 32-bit Video game console that was first released on November 22 1994 in Japan, May 11 1995 in North America The, often abbreviated as GCN, is Nintendo 's fourth home Video game console and is part of the sixth generation console era. The is a dual-screen Handheld game console developed and manufactured by Nintendo. Resident Evil 2, known in Japan as, is a Survival horror game by Capcom originally released for the PlayStation in 1998 see also 1997 in games, 1999 in games This page lists board and Card games Wargames miniatures games The gamecom (pronounced in TV commercials as "game com" not "game dot com" and not capitalized in marketing material was a Handheld game console released The, often abbreviated as N64, is Nintendo 's third home Video game console for the international market The is Sega 's most recent Video game console and the successor to the Sega Saturn. Resident Evil 3 Nemesis, released in Japan as is a Survival horror Video game and the third installment in the Resident Evil Events BAFTA (British Academy of Film and Television Arts hosts the 2nd annual BAFTA Interactive Entertainment Awards March – Resident Evil Survivor, known in Japan as in Japan) is a Light gun Video game developed and published by Capcom. Events May 11 - 13 &mdash 6th annual E³ (Electronic Entertainment Expo the 3rd annual Game Critics Awards for the Best of Resident Evil Code Veronica, released in Japan as, is the fourth game in Capcom 's Resident Evil Survival horror Events May 11 - 13 &mdash 6th annual E³ (Electronic Entertainment Expo the 3rd annual Game Critics Awards for the Best of Resident Evil Survivor 2 - Code Veronica ("ガンサバイバー2:バイオハザードコード:ベロニカ" Gun Survivor 2 Biohazard Code see also 2000 in games, 2002 in games This page lists board and Card games Wargames miniatures games An arcade game is a coin-operated entertainment machine typically installed in businesses such as Restaurants Pubs Video arcades and Family Entertainment Resident Evil Gaiden is a Resident Evil Video game featured on the Game Boy Color handheld console and is the only one in the series Events Academy of Interactive Arts & Sciences hosts the 4th Annual Interactive Achievement Awards; inducts John Carmack of Id Software The is Nintendo 's successor to the Game Boy and was released on October 21, 1998 in Japan and in November 19, 1998 Resident Evil Zero, known in Japan as, is a Survival horror game that was developed and published by Capcom for the Events Academy of Interactive Arts & Sciences hosts the 5th Annual Interactive Achievement Awards; inducts Will Wright of Maxis Resident Evil Outbreak, known as in Japan is a single player game with online playability for the PlayStation 2 initially released in 2004. Events February 27 &mdash Academy of Interactive Arts & Sciences hosts 6th Annual Interactive Achievement Awards; inducts Yu Suzuki Resident Evil Dead Aim, known in Japan as is the fourth release in the Gun Survivor series and the first to feature third-person movement similar Events February 27 &mdash Academy of Interactive Arts & Sciences hosts 6th Annual Interactive Achievement Awards; inducts Yu Suzuki Resident Evil Outbreak File #2 is an Online Survival horror game developed and published by Capcom. Events January 20 — Wired s Vaporware Awards gives its first "Lifetime Achievement Award" to recurring winner Resident Evil 4, known in Japan as, is a Third-person shooter Video game and the sixth installment in the Resident Evil Events March 6 &mdash The television show 60 Minutes tackles issues within Video game controversy. Resident Evil Confidential Report is a turn-based strategy game series by Capcom released for the Mobile phone in 2006 and is another installment in the Events January 26 2006 -- Nintendo announces its newly redesigned handheld the Nintendo DS Lite. Resident Evil The Umbrella Chronicles, known in Japan as, is an on-rails shooting game and the seventh main installment in Capcom 's Resident Events March 14: Microsoft announces Games for Windows - Live, a version of Xbox Live for the Windows platform Resident Evil Genesis is an puzzle/adventure game developed by Capcom Interactive Canada and released on mobile phones in 2008 Events March 14: Microsoft announces Games for Windows - Live, a version of Xbox Live for the Windows platform Resident Evil 5, known in Japan as, is the forthcoming installment in the Resident Evil Survival horror Video game This article is about the year For the film see 2009 Lost Memories. The Xbox 360 is the second Video game console produced by Microsoft, and was developed in cooperation with IBM, ATI, and SiS.

Films

There are currently three Resident Evil films, written by Paul W. S. Anderson. Paul William Scott Anderson (also known as Paul WS Anderson or Paul Anderson) born 4 March 1965 in Newcastle-upon-Tyne, England is a Film director Though acclaimed horror film director George A. Romero was hired to write a script for the first film, it was ultimately rejected in favor of one penned by Anderson. George Andrew Romero (born February 4, 1940) is an American director writer editor and actor [6] As Romero's script was a close, but not full, adaptation of the game, Capcom believed fans would feel that the movie had been altered too much from the game, and that newcomers would dislike the premise. [7] Sony released a revised synopsis that referred to Extinction as "the third and final installment" of the Resident Evil film series. [8] The movies were mostly panned by critics,[9] but reaction from fans were mixed. Some praised the movie for bringing the series to a mainstream audience,[10] while others criticized the fact that it was a confused adaptation of the Resident Evil games.

Despite the criticism, the films have been financially successful enough to encourage the approval of a trilogy. A trilogy is a set of three works of art usually Literature, Film, or Video games, that are connected and can be seen either as a single work or three Released films are as follows:

Capcom has also created two Biohazard films:

Novels

Cover of The Umbrella Conspiracy, a novelization of the first game.
Cover of The Umbrella Conspiracy, a novelization of the first game. Resident Evil is a British film that was a 2002 Science fiction Horror film based on the same titled series of The year 2002 in film involved some significant events The first significant releases of sequels took place between Harry Potter and the Chamber of Secrets, The year 2004 in film involved some significant events Major releases of sequels took place Resident Evil Extinction is a 2007 Science fiction action Horror film. 2007 saw major releases such as The Simpsons Movie, National Treasure Book of Secrets, Biohazard 4D-Executer is a 3-D film that was created for the ''Resident Evil'' series by Capcom. The year 2000 in film involved some significant events Events Top grossing films Please note that following the tradition of the Resident Evil Degeneration, known in Japan as, is the first full-length CG animation feature based upon the Resident Evil

The earliest Resident Evil novel was a novella titled Biohazard: The Beginning by Hiroyuki Ariga. A novella is a written, Fictional Prose Narrative longer than a Novelette but shorter than a Novel. It was published in 1997 as a portion of the book The True Story of Biohazard, which was given away as a pre-order bonus with the Saturn version of Biohazard. The story serves as a prelude to the events of the original Resident Evil, in which Chris investigates the disappearance of a missing friend.

S.D. Perry has written novelizations of the first five games, as well as two original novels taking place between games. Stephani Danelle Perry (credited as SD Perry in her works is a novelist living in Portland Oregon. The Perry series is: The Umbrella Conspiracy, a novelization of the first game; Caliban Cove, an original novel set after the first game; City of the Dead, a novelization of Resident Evil 2; Underworld, another original novel set after Resident Evil 2; Nemesis; Code: Veronica; and Zero Hour. Resident Evil Caliban Cove is a Video game -based novelization for Resident Evil by S Resident Evil Underworld is a novel written by SD Perry in 1999 The novels often took liberties with the plot of the games by exploring events occurring outside and beyond the games. This often meant that the games would later contradict the novels by taking the story in a different direction. One notable addition from the novels is the character of Trent, who often served as a mysterious behind-the-scenes string-puller who aided the main characters. Perry's novels were translated and released in Japan with new cover arts by Wolfina. [11] Interestingly enough, Perry's novels stated that Brian Irons was attempting to run for mayor, which was something mentioned in Biohazard: The Beginning.

There was also a trilogy of original Biohazard novels in Japan. Hokkai no Yōjū (北海の妖獣? lit. "The Beast of the Northern Seas") was published in 1998 and was written by Kyū Asakura and the staff of Flagship. Two additional novels were published in 2002, To the Liberty by Suien Kimura and Rose Blank by Tadashi Aizawa. While no official English translation of these novels has been published yet, the last two books were translated into German and published in 2006. Year 2006 ( MMVI) was a Common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar.

Novelizations of the three films, titled Genesis, Apocalypse, and Extinction were written by Keith R.A. DeCandido. Keith Robert Andreassi DeCandido (born April 18, 1969 in New York, United States) is an American Sci-fi and Fantasy writer Extinction, the novel, was released in late July of 2007, several months before the film's release. There was also a Japanese novelization of the first film, unrelated to DeCandido's version, written by Osamu Makino.

Comics

In 1998 Wildstorm began publication of a monthly comic book series based on the first two games titled Resident Evil: The Official Comic Magazine, which lasted five issues. Year 1998 ( MCMXCVIII) was a Common year starting on Thursday (link will display full 1998 Gregorian calendar) WildStorm Productions, or simply WildStorm, (sometimes rendered Wildstorm) is a publishing Imprint and studio of American Comic book A comic book (often shortened to simply comic and sometimes called a comic paper or comic magazine) is a Magazine or Book of narrative Each issue was a compilation of short stories that were both adaptations of events from the games (alluded and depicted), as well as related side-stories. Like the Perry novels, the comics also explored events occurring beyond Resident Evil 2 (the latest game during the series' publication) and thus were contradicted by later games. Wildstorm also published a four-issue mini-series titled Resident Evil: Fire & Ice, which depicted the ordeal of Charlie Team, a third S. T. A. R. S. team appearing only in the comic.

There has also been a few officially licensed (as well as unlicensed) Biohazard manhua series published in Hong Kong. Manhua ( are Chinese Comics originally produced in China. Possibly due to their greater degree of artistic freedom of expression and closer international ties Hong Kong ( officially the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, is a territory located on China 's south coast on the Pearl River Delta, and borders One of these comics, an adaptation of Code: Veronica by Lee Chung Hing, was translated into English and published by Wildstorm.

Merchandise

Over the years, various toy companies have acquired the Resident Evil license and each producing their own unique line of Resident Evil action figures or models. An action figure is a posable character Figurine, made of Plastic or other materials and often based upon a movie, Comic book, Video game These include, but not limited to, Toy Biz, Palisade Toys and Moby Dick (in Japan only). Marvel Toys (formerly Toy Biz) is the Toy division of Marvel Entertainment. NECA and Hot Toys currently holds a license. Originally the company was only producing figures based on Resident Evil 4, but extended the line to include characters from previous installments. Tokyo Marui also produced replicas of the guns used in the Resident Evil series in the form of gas blow-back airsoft guns. Airsoft is a modern combat Sport or recreational Hobby in which participants eliminate opponents by hitting each other with spherical non-metallic pellets Some models included the S.T.A.R.S. Beretta featured in Resident Evil 3, and the Umbrella Desert Eagle in a limited edition that came with other memorabilia in a wooden case, along with the Gold Lugers from Code: VERONICA "Samurai Edge" from the Gamecube Resident Evil remake. Resident Evil (known in Japan as) is a Survival horror Video game series and Media franchise consisting of Comic books novelizations This article is about a firearm manufacturer for the car see Chevrolet Beretta. The Umbrella Corporation is a fictional Bioengineering Pharmaceutical company appearing in the Resident Evil series of Survival The Desert Eagle is a large caliber gas-operated Semi-automatic pistol manufactured primarily in Israel by IMI ( Israel Military Industries, Other merchandise includes an energy drink called "T-Virus Antidote".

Sourcebooks

Resident Evil Archives (Biohazard Archives) is a reference guide of the Resident Evil series written by staff members of Capcom. It was translated into English and published by BradyGuides. The guide describes and summarizes all of the key events that occur in Resident Evil 0, Resident Evil, Resident Evil 2, Resident Evil 3: Nemesis, and Resident Evil Code: Veronica. Resident Evil Zero, known in Japan as, is a Survival horror game that was developed and published by Capcom for the Along with the main plot analysis, it also contains character relationship charts, artwork, item descriptions and file transcripts for all five games. While one of the few video game-based reference guides that was translated into English, the translation was criticized by fans for inconsistencies with the original Japanese version, as well as inconsistencies in the official translations provided by the games themselves.

Critical response

Utilizing heavy horror elements, puzzle solving, and action, most of the games in the main Resident Evil series have been released to positive reviews. Horror fiction is broadly Fiction in any medium intended to scare unsettle or horrify the audience Many of the games, notably Resident Evil 4, have been bestowed with multiple Game of the Year honors[12] and frequently placed on lists of the best games ever made. Game of the Year (abbreviated GotY or GOTY) is a distinction awarded by various Magazines and Websites to a deserving PC or console [13] A common criticism of the series is its odd placement of puzzles. When speaking of Code: Veronica, one critic wrote that the game is "still largely a puzzle-driven (as opposed to plot driven) experience. "[14] Capcom has been commended, however, for making an attempt to phase out and better integrate the puzzles, with IGN writing that the puzzles of Resident Evil 4 are "not so obscure that they can't be figured out, and indeed many of them are downright clever. IGN (abbreviated and formerly known as I magine G ames N etwork is a multimedia news and reviews Website that focuses heavily on Video "[15]


In other games

Due to Resident Evil's popularity, Capcom has incorporated references to the series and even actual crossovers with the characters in some of their other titles. Other companies, such as SNK Playmore and Namco, have also incorporated references to the series. is an amusement company based in Japan, best known overseas for Video games development

See also

References

  1. ^ "Enter The Survival Horror. This is a list of Video games with an Undead theme. Subjects for an undead theme may include Zombies, Vampires or Ghosts. Genetic engineering is a popular subject of Fiction, especially Science fiction. . . A Resident Evil Retrospective," Game Informer 174 (October 2007): 132-133.
  2. ^ CAPCOM | Press Release [1]. Retrieved March 4, 2008.
  3. ^ Game Informer calls the "multi-million dollar franchise. . . Capcom's largest" and refers to "the original Resident Evil" as "one of the most important games of all time. " See "Enter The Survival Horror. . . A Resident Evil Retrospective," Game Informer 174 (October 2007): 132.
  4. ^ IGN. com. Resident Evil Survivor Review. September 13, 2000. Retrieved January 27, 2006.
  5. ^ Gamespot. com. Resident Evil: Dead Aim Review. June 16, 2003.
  6. ^ TNMC Movie News. TNMC Movie News: Resident Evil. May 27, 1999. Retrieved January 27, 2006.
  7. ^ TNMC Movie News. TNMC Movie News: Resident Evil. November 29, 1999. Retrieved January 27, 2006.
  8. ^ http://movies.ign.com/articles/751/751224p1.html IGN: An End to Evil?. December 16, 2006. Retrieved January 21, 2007.
  9. ^ Rottentomatoes. com. Reviews of Resident Evil. Retrieved January 27, 2006.
  10. ^ IGN Flimforce. Videogame Movies: A Retrospective. October 21, 2005. Retrieved January 27, 2006.
  11. ^ Snake Heart
  12. ^ IGN. IGN Presents: The Best of 2005. 2006. Retrieved January 28, 2006.
  13. ^ Electronic Gaming Monthly. Electronic Gaming Monthly (often abbreviated to EGM) is an American Video game magazine. Top 100 Video Games of All Time. Issue 200, page 94. Retrieved January 28, 2006.
  14. ^ Gamecritics. com. Resident Evil Code: Veronica Review. April 11, 2000. Retrieved January 28, 2006.
  15. ^ IGN. com. Review of Resident Evil 4. January 7, 2005. Retrieved January 28, 2006.

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