A research institute is an establishment endowed for doing research. Research is defined as Human activity based on Intellectual application in the investigation of Matter. Research institutes may specialize in basic research or may be oriented to applied research. Although the term often implies scientific research, there are also many research institutes in the social sciences as well, especially for sociological and historical research purposes. Science (from the Latin scientia, meaning " Knowledge " or "knowing" is the effort to discover, and increase human understanding The social sciences comprise academic disciplines concerned with the study of the social life of human groups and individuals including Anthropology, Communication studies Sociology (from Latin: socius "companion" and the suffix -ology "the study of" from Greek λόγος lógos "knowledge" History is the study of the past particularly the written record Those who study history as a Profession are called Historians Etymology Some research institutes are associated with public education museums such as the Monterey Bay Aquarium Research Institute. A museum is a "permanent institution in the service of society and of its development open to the public which acquires conserves researches communicates and exhibits the The Monterey Bay Aquarium Research Institute (MBARI is a not-for-profit Oceanographic research center in Moss Landing California affiliated with the Monterey ^[1]

Famous research institutes

The earliest research institutes were the astronomical observatory complexes set up by medieval Muslim astronomers. An observatory is a location used for observing terrestrial and/or celestial events They were built for the purpose of housing large astronomical instruments and for scientific research staff carrying out astronomical research and observations. Observation is either an activity of a living being (such as a Human) which senses and assimilates the Knowledge of a Phenomenon, or the recording of data The first of these research institutes was the 9th-century Baghdad observatory built during the time of the Abbasid caliph al-Ma'mun, though the most famous were the 13th-century Maragheh observatory and 16th-century Istanbul observatory of al-Din. Baghdad (بغداد) is the Capital of Iraq and of Baghdad Governorate, with which it is also coterminous Abu Jafar al-Ma'mun ibn Harun (also spelled Almamon and el-Mâmoûn) ( September 14, 786 &ndash August 9, 833) (المأمون Maragheh observatory ( Persian:رصدخانه مراغه Rasad Khaneh) is an Ancient Observatory, which was established in 1259 by ^[2]

Another early research institute was Tycho Brahe's Uraniborg complex on the island of Hven, a 16th-century astronomical laboratory set up to make highly-accurate measurements of the stars. Tycho Brahe, born Tyge Ottesen Brahe ( December 14 1546 &ndash October 24 1601) was a Danish nobleman Uranienborg (Swedish Uraniborg was an astronomical/astrological observatory operated by Tycho Brahe; built circa 1576 - 1580 on Hven Ven (Danish and older Swedish spelling Hven) is a small Swedish island in the Øresund strait between Scania and Zealand ( Denmark Astronomy (from the Greek words astron (ἄστρον "star" and nomos (νόμος "law" is the scientific study In the United States there are numerous notable research institutes including Bell Labs, The Scripps Research Institute^[3] and SRI International. The United States of America —commonly referred to as the Bell Laboratories (also known as Bell Labs and formerly known as AT&T Bell Laboratories and Bell Telephone Laboratories) is the Research organization The Scripps Research Institute ( TSRI) is a Medical research facility that focuses on research in the basic Biomedical sciences Primarily located SRI International, based in the United States is one of the world's largest contract Research institutes.

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