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Artery: Renal artery
Human kidneys viewed from behind with spine removed
1. Renal pyramid
2. Renal pyramids (or malpighian pyramids) are cone-shaped tissues of the Kidney. Efferent artery
3. Renal artery
4. Renal vein
5. The renal veins are Veins that drain the Kidney. They connect the kidney to the Inferior vena cava. Renal hilum
6. The renal hilum (Latin hilum renale) of the kidney is the recessed central fissure Renal pelvis
7. The renal pelvis is the funnel-like dilated proximal part of the Ureter in the Kidney. Ureter
8. In human Anatomy, the ureters are muscular ducts that propel Urine from the Kidneys to the Urinary bladder. Minor calyx
9. The minor calyx, in the kidney surrounds the apex of the Malpighian pyramids Urine formed in the Kidney passes through a papilla at the apex into the minor Renal capsule		 10. The renal capsule is a tough fibrous layer surrounding the Kidney and covered in a thick layer of perinephric Adipose tissue. Inferior renal capsule
11. The renal capsule is a tough fibrous layer surrounding the Kidney and covered in a thick layer of perinephric Adipose tissue. Superior renal
      capsule
12. The renal capsule is a tough fibrous layer surrounding the Kidney and covered in a thick layer of perinephric Adipose tissue. Afferent vein
13. Nephron
14. A nephron (from Greek νεφρός (nephros meaning "kidney" is the basic structural and functional unit of the Kidney. Minor calyx
15. The minor calyx, in the kidney surrounds the apex of the Malpighian pyramids Urine formed in the Kidney passes through a papilla at the apex into the minor Major calyx
16. The major calyx, in the kidney surrounds the apex of the Malpighian pyramids Urine formed in the Kidney passes through a Papilla at the apex Renal papilla
17. In the Kidney, the renal papilla is the location where the Medullary pyramids empty urine into the renal pelvis Renal column
Latin arteria renalis
Gray's subject #154 610
Supplies kidneys
Source abdominal aorta   
Branches inferior suprarenal artery, segmental arteries
Vein renal vein
MeSH Renal+Artery
Dorlands
/ Elsevier    		 a_61/12155727

The renal arteries normally arise off the side of the abdominal aorta, immediately below the superior mesenteric artery, and supply the kidneys with blood. The renal column (or Bertin column, or column of Bertin) is a medullary extension of the Renal cortex in between the Renal pyramids It allows Latin ( lingua Latīna, laˈtiːna is an Italic language, historically spoken in Latium and Ancient Rome. The kidneys are complicated organs that have numerous biological roles The abdominal aorta is the largest Artery in the Abdominal cavity. Each Renal artery gives off some small inferior suprarenal branches to the Suprarenal gland, the Ureter, and the surrounding cellular tissue and muscles The segmental arteries are branches of the Renal arteries. There are five named segmental arteries superior inferior The renal veins are Veins that drain the Kidney. They connect the kidney to the Inferior vena cava. Medical Subject Headings ( MeSH) is a huge Controlled vocabulary (or metadata system for the purpose of indexing journal articles and books Elsevier, the world's largest Publisher of Medical and Scientific literature, forms part of the Reed Elsevier group The abdominal aorta is the largest Artery in the Abdominal cavity. See also Superior Mesenteric Artery Syndrome In Human anatomy, the superior mesenteric artery (SMA arises from the anterior surface of the Abdominal aorta The kidneys are complicated organs that have numerous biological roles Blood is a specialized Bodily fluid that delivers necessary substances to the body's cells such as nutrients and oxygen—and transports Waste products Each is directed across the crus of the diaphragm, so as to form nearly a right angle with the aorta. The crura of the diaphragm (singular=crus are tendinous structures that extend downward from the diaphragm to attach to the Vertebral column.

The renal arteries carry a large portion of total blood flow to the kidneys. Up to a third of total cardiac output can pass through the renal arteries to be filtered by the kidneys.

The arterial supply of the kidneys is variable and there may be one or more renal arteries supplying each kidney. It is located above the renal vein.

Contents

Asymmetries before reaching kidney

Due to the position of the aorta, the inferior vena cava and the kidneys in the body, the right renal artery is normally longer than the left renal artery. The inferior vena cava (or IVC is the large Vein that carries de-oxygenated Blood from the lower half of the body into the Heart.

At kidney

Before reaching the hilus of the kidney, each artery divides into four or five branches; the greater number of these (anterior branches) lie between the renal vein and ureter, the vein being in front, the ureter behind, but one or more branches (posterior branches) are usually situated behind the ureter. In human Anatomy, the ureters are muscular ducts that propel Urine from the Kidneys to the Urinary bladder.

Each vessel gives off some small inferior suprarenal branches to the suprarenal gland, the ureter, and the surrounding cellular tissue and muscles. Each Renal artery gives off some small inferior suprarenal branches to the Suprarenal gland, the Ureter, and the surrounding cellular tissue and muscles In Mammals the adrenal glands (also known as suprarenal glands) are the triangle-shaped Endocrine glands that sit on top of the Kidneys their In human Anatomy, the ureters are muscular ducts that propel Urine from the Kidneys to the Urinary bladder.

One or two accessory renal arteries are frequently found, more especially on the left side they usually arise from the aorta, and may come off above or below the main artery, the former being the more common position. Instead of entering the kidney at the hilus, they usually pierce the upper or lower part of the gland.

Diseases of the renal arteries

Renal artery stenosis, or narrowing of one or both renal arteries will lead to hypertension as the affected kidneys release renin to increase blood pressure to preserve perfusion to the kidneys. Renal artery stenosis is the narrowing of the Renal artery, most often caused by Atherosclerosis or Fibromuscular dysplasia. Renin (pronounced "Ree-nin" or "Rē-nin" (ˈriːnɨn also known as Angiotensinogenase, is a circulating Enzyme that participates in the body's RAS is diagnosed with an MRA (magnet-resonance scan) of abdomen. It is treated with the use of balloon angioplasty and stents, if necessary.

Atherosclerosis can also affect the renal arteries and can lead to poor perfusion of the kidneys leading to reduced kidney function and, possibly, renal failure. Atherosclerosis is a Disease affecting arterial Blood vessels It is a chronic inflammatory response in the walls of arteries in large part due to the accumulation Renal failure or kidney

Additional images

Frontal section through the kidney

Abdominal portion of the sympathetic trunk, with the celiac and hypogastric plexuses.

The posterior surfaces of the kidneys, showing areas of relation to the parietes.

Front of abdomen, showing surface markings for arteries and inguinal canal.

Kidney

External links

MedlinePlus, with the MedlinePlus Medical Encyclopedia, is a website network containing Health information from the world's largest medical Library The State University of New York Health Science Center at Brooklyn, better known as SUNY Downstate Medical Center, is an academic medical center and is the only one of its kind
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