The rear naked choke (often abbreviated RNC) is a chokehold in martial arts applied from an opponent's back. A chokehold or stranglehold (in Budo referred to as shime-waza, 絞技 "constriction technique" is a Grappling hold that Martial arts are systems of codified practices and traditions of training for Combat. "Back" redirects here For other uses please see Back (disambiguation. Depending on the context, the term may refer to one of two variations of the technique. Either arm can be used to apply the choke in both cases. In Anatomy, an arm is one of the Upper limbs of an animal The term arm can also be used for analogous structures such as one of the paired upper limbs
The term rear naked choke likely originated from the technique in Jiujitsu and Judo known as the "Hadaka Jime," or "Naked Strangle. literally meaning the " art of softness " or "way of yielding" is a collective name for Japanese martial art styles consisting of grappling meaning "gentle way" is a modern Japanese martial art ( Gendai budō) and Combat sport, that originated in Japan in the late " The word "naked" in this context suggests that, unlike other strangulation techniques found in Jiujitsu/Judo, this hold does not require the use of a keikogi ("gi") or training uniform. or dōgi ( is a uniform for training used in Japanese martial arts Budo.
The choke has two variations[1]: in one version, the attacker's arm encircles the opponent's neck and then grabs his own biceps on the other arm (see below for details); in the second version, the attacker clasps his hands together instead after encircling the opponent's neck.
Contents |
Rear Naked Choke "Figure Four" variation
This variant is considered to be a "blood choke" because it restricts blood flow to the brain via the carotid arteries. When done correctly, it can cause temporary unconsciousness in a few seconds. The following is a description of this technique using the left arm.
Step 1: The attacker's left arm encircles the opponent's neck, with the opponent's trachea at the crook of the elbow.
Step 2: The attacker's left hand then grasps his own upper right arm [bicep].
Step 3: The right hand is placed behind (or occasionally on top of) the opponent's head.
Step 4: The elbows are then brought together such that lateral pressure is applied to the neck on both sides.
When applied properly unconsciousness occurs in about 10 seconds and recovery from the choke is just as quick. Since the technique only applies pressure on the arteries in the neck that take blood to the brain no permanent damage is done to the body.
"Clasping Hands" variation
This variation has the supporting hand clasp the hand of the choking arm, allowing more pressure to be applied to the neck, but losing some of the control of the head. This alters the choke somewhat so that it is more likely to be applied as an airway-restricting choke or mixed blood and air choke, which results in more pain but a slower choke-out. As such, this technique is less frequently used at advanced levels in Judo[2]. Nonetheless, it has seen some successful applications in mixed martial arts competition: for instance, it was used by Fedor Emelianenko, a heavyweight champion in PRIDE, to defeat Kazuyuki Fujita at the PRIDE 26 event in 2003. Fedor Vladimirovich Emelianenko ('fʲodər jemilʲja'nʲenkə Russian: Фëдор Владимирович Емельяненко sometimes romanized as Fyodor Yemelyanenko PRIDE Fighting Championships ( PRIDE or PRIDE FC for short was a Mixed martial arts organization based in Japan. born October 16 1970) is a Japanese professional wrestler, a Mixed martial arts fighter and a former amateur wrestler. Fujita tapped out about five seconds after the choke was applied. It was also used by UFC fighter Matt Hughes to defeat Frank Trigg in their second fight which was transitioned from a hand-on-biceps version of the RNC. Ultimate Fighting Championship (UFC is a US -based Mixed martial arts (MMA organization currently recognized as the largest MMA promotion in the world Matthew Allen Hughes (born on October 13, 1973, in Hillsboro Illinois) is a professional Mixed martial arts fighter and former 2-time Dewey Franklin "Frank" Trigg III (born May 7, 1972) is an American Mixed martial artist, Color commentator, Pro wrestler Some also still refer to this lock as the "Severn Lock" due to its usage by former Ultimate Fighting Champion Dan Severn. Daniel "The Beast" Severn (born June 8 1954) is an American mixed martial artist and professional wrestler, notable (please note that this choke can be highly lethal and should not be attempted by anyone without good reason or medical supervision).
Judo
In Judo, the rear naked choke is known as hadaka jime (裸絞?) meaning naked strangulation, one of the twelve constriction techniques of Kodokan Judo in the Shime-waza list. meaning "gentle way" is a modern Japanese martial art ( Gendai budō) and Combat sport, that originated in Japan in the late Like many other martial arts Kodokan Judo provides lists of techniques students must learn to earn rank It is also three (in variation) of Danzan Ryu's twenty-five techniques in the Shimete list. Danzan-Ryū ( 檀[[wiktionary 山|山]] 流, "Sandalwood Mountain School" from a Chinese name for Hawaii) is a Ryū of The Danzan Ryu lists differs in concept from the Kodokan Judo lists in thatthe techniques are taught in Kata form in some applicable context
Technique description
Graphic from http://web1.vattnet.com/judo/katamewaza.html
The main characteristic of Hadaka-Jime when compared to other Judo chokes is that it does not require the use of uke's clothing, namely his gi lapel, to create the choking tourniquet. A tourniquet is a constricting or compressing device used to control venous and arterial circulation to an extremity for a period of time The choke is created entirely by tori's arms.
Exemplar videos: Explanation from submissions101, Demonstraded and in Tournament from video.google.com
Danzan Ryu also recognizes the Standing Guillotine as Hadaka-Jime-Ichi. But the principle is the same as BJJ's ground version, as demonstrated from video.google.com. Brazilian Jiu-Jitsu ( BJJ) is a Martial art and Combat sport that focuses on Grappling and especially Ground fighting with the goal
Included systems
Systems:
Lists:
Hasami-Jime
Kyuzo Mifune demonstrates Hasami-Jime in The Essence of Judo and is described in The Canon Of Judo. is the headquarters of the Judo world Literally kō means "to lecture" or "to spread information" dō means "the way" and meaning "gentle way" is a modern Japanese martial art ( Gendai budō) and Combat sport, that originated in Japan in the late Like many other martial arts Kodokan Judo provides lists of techniques students must learn to earn rank Danzan-Ryū ( 檀[[wiktionary 山|山]] 流, "Sandalwood Mountain School" from a Chinese name for Hawaii) is a Ryū of The Danzan Ryu lists differs in concept from the Kodokan Judo lists in thatthe techniques are taught in Kata form in some applicable context The Canon Of Judo is a book was originally published in 1960 and written by Kodokan 10th Dan, Kyuzo Mifune (1883-1965 There are a variety of techniques recognized by Kodokan (講道館 Judo (柔道 and other Budo (武道 Kyuzo Mifune (三船久蔵 Mifune Kyūzō April 21, 1883 – January 27, 1965) has been categorized as one of the greatest
Others
Danzan Ryu enumerates three versions of Hadaka-Jime:[1]
- 1. Ichi (one)
- Standing neck-break. Two versions:
-
- Neck twist
- Guillotine
- A version of the guillotine, Mae-Hadaka-Jime, is also described in The Canon Of Judo. The Canon Of Judo is a book was originally published in 1960 and written by Kodokan 10th Dan, Kyuzo Mifune (1883-1965
- 2. Ni (two)
- Choke with forearm. This is an air choke with the forearm pressing on the throat.
- 3. San (three)
- Figure-4 choke with forearm. This is a blood choke with the forearms and biceps pressing and the sides of the neck.
"Sleeper Hold" in professional wrestling
Pro-wrestling's first "sleeper hold" is thought to have been performed by Jim Londos on June 29, 1931. Professional wrestling, or pro wrestling, is a non-competitive professional Sport, where all matches are scripted by the promotion's booking staff Christos Theofilou or Christopher Theophelus ( January 2, 1897 – August 19, 1975) better known as "The Golden Greek" Events 512 - A Solar eclipse is recorded by a monastic chronicler in Ireland. Year 1931 ( MCMXXXI) was a Common year starting on Thursday (link will display full 1931 calendar of the Gregorian calendar. Suspicion was abound as to the nature of Londos' move (which had looked suspiciously like a choke against the windpipe); however, Londos was quoted the next day in The New York Sun as simply having performed "a new hold I perfected which shuts off the jugular vein. The Sun was a New York newspaper that was published from 1833 until 1950 The jugular veins are Veins that bring deoxygenated blood from the Head back to the heart via the Superior vena cava. "
Though Londos' original move may or may not have been inspired by judo's "hadaka jime," pro-wrestling's sleeper and a rear naked choke both share a similar style of execution. However, in order for the sleeper to be used in the performance art-related world of pro-wrestling, the "leverage" arm is positioned in a relaxed state so the hold is not actually applied.
Brought to light once more in the 1960s by Johnny Weaver, the sleeper became a traditional move throughout professional wrestling history. John Meyers ( November 17 1935 – February 15 2008) was a professional wrestler and wrestling commentator in the National As with many potentially devastating moves in pro-wrestling, however, the sleeper's portrayed effectiveness in the ring has been watered-down to an almost non-threatening maneuver used solely for dramatic effect during a match.
In reality, the effectiveness of this move would not at all be questionable, as a properly-applied sleeper would cause an opponent to quickly lose consciousness.
Catch Wrestling's "Sleeper"
In modern catch wrestling circles, the term "sleeper hold" refers to a variation of the RNC in which the individual performing the hold snakes the leverage arm across the opponent's throat (in the same manner as the traditional RNC) and grasps their opposite shoulder, rather than the bicep. Catch wrestling is a style of Wrestling. Catch wrestling is arguably the ancestor of modern Grappling, Professional wrestling, Mixed martial arts The opposite hand is also placed against the base of the opponent's skull in the form of a closed hammer fist, or on top of the head. The attacking wrestler then squeezes his/her elbows together, pushes forward with the hammer fist (if used), and crunches forward with the abdominal muscles, producing an extremely tight and fast-acting choke.
In Popular Culture
The RNC is a popular submission hold for use in Hollywood films.
In Casino Royale, Daniel Craig's character, James Bond, successfully kills an African terrorist with a RNC. Casino Royale ( 2006) is the twenty-first film in the James Bond series; it is directed by Martin Campbell and the first to star Daniel Wroughton Craig (born 2 March 1968 is an English Actor. Commander James Bond, CMG, RNVR is a Fictional character created by novelist Ian Fleming in 1952 Please note this list does NOT include henchmen from the 1967 film of the same name.
In Air Force One, Harrison Ford's character kills one of the terrorists attempting to hijack the plane with a RNC. Air Force One is a 1997 action thriller film starring Harrison Ford and Gary Oldman, and featuring Glenn Close Harrison Ford (born July 13, 1942) is an Academy Award - and BAFTA -nominated as well as Golden Globe -winning American However, a "crunching" sound effect was added to the scene to make it appear as though Ford had broken his neck as opposed to choking him to death.
In Gangs of New York, Leonardo DiCaprio's character is involved in a fist fight where he eventually applies a back-mounted hand-clasp RNC. Gangs of New York is a 2002 Bildungsroman film set in the mid-19th century in the Five Points district of New York City. Leonardo Wilhelm DiCaprio (born November 11 1974 is a three-time Academy Award -nominated and Golden Globe -winning American film actor.
In an episode of the action series 24, Jack Bauer utilizes a figure four rear naked choke against a helicopter pilot in order to knock him unconscious. Season Five, also known as Day 5 of the television series 24 premiered on January 15 2006 and aired its season finale on May 22 2006 24 is an Emmy and Golden Globe award-winning American action Drama Television series. Jack Bauer is the Protagonist of the United States Television series 24, in which he has trained and worked in various capacities
In another episode of 24, Morris O'Brian utilizes an improperly executed figure four rear naked choke against a Chinese terrorist in order to incapacitate him. Season Six, also known as Day 6, of the television series 24 premiered on Sunday January 14 2007 Morris O'Brian is a Fictional character from the TV series 24. The term Chinese people may refer to any of the following A person who resides in and holds citizenship of the People's Republic of China (including Hong
A popular action film of the 90's, True Lies, shows a terrorist attempting to choke out the hero with this technique moments before his wife, played by Jamie Lee Curtis, accidentally shoots the terrorist by dropping an uzi down a flight of stairs.
Splinter Cell video game character Sam Fisher uses the rear naked choke to knock out enemies after interrogating them. Background Sam Fisher is a veteran of the CIA Directorate of Operations of the U
Safe Application
This choke, in either the figure-four or clasped-hand variation, is an extremely dangerous technique if used thoughtlessly or improperly. When applied as a blood choke in particular, the brain is immediately deprived of oxygen, leading (as mentioned above) to unconsciousness and ultimately (if not released) to brain damage or death. A chokehold or stranglehold (in Budo referred to as shime-waza, 絞技 "constriction technique" is a Grappling hold that Brain damage, or Acquired brain injury, is the destruction or degeneration of Brain cells. It is imperative, when using this technique, to be completely aware of your opponent's physical state, and to release the choke at any sign of your opponent losing consciousness or "tapping out. A submission (depending on the context also referred to as a " tap out " or " tapping out " is a Combat sports term for yielding to " Rafiel Torre, a former Mixed Martial Arts trainer and fighter, was convicted of killing a man using this technique, demonstrating that it is entirely lethal if misused. Mixed martial arts (MMA is a full contact Combat sport that allows a wide variety of fighting techniques from a mixture of Martial arts traditions and [3]
References
- Mifune, Kyuzo (2004,1965,1960). The Canon Of Judo. Kodansha International Ltd. , 128,132. ISBN 4770029799.
- http://www.judoinfo.com/chokes.htm
See also
Back mount or rear mount is a dominant ground grappling position where one combatant is behind the other in such a way that he or she is controlling the combatant A chokehold or stranglehold (in Budo referred to as shime-waza, 絞技 "constriction technique" is a Grappling hold that A submission (depending on the context also referred to as a " tap out " or " tapping out " is a Combat sports term for yielding toDapyx Software network: MP3 Explorer | Ebook Manager | Zenithic