A reagent or reactant is a substance or compound consumed during a chemical reaction. A chemical reaction is a process that always results in the interconversion of Chemical substances The substance or substances initially involved in a chemical reaction are called [1] Solvents and catalysts, although they are involved in the reaction, are usually not referred to as reactants. A solvent is a liquid or gas that dissolves a solid liquid or gaseous Solute, resulting in a Solution. Catalysis is the process in which the rate of a Chemical reaction is increased by means of a Chemical substance known as a catalyst
Although the terms reactant and reagent are often used interchangeably, reagent is often used in a more specialized sense as "a test substance that is added to a system in order to bring about a reaction or to see whether a reaction occurs". [1] Examples of such analytical reagents include Fehling's reagent and Tollens' reagent. Fehling's solution is a Solution used to differentiate between water soluble Aldehyde and Ketone Functional groups although Ketose Tollens' reagent is usually ammoniacal silver nitrate but can also be other compounds as long as there is an aqueous diamminesilver(I complex. In organic chemistry, reagents are compounds or mixtures, usually composed of inorganic or small organic molecules, that are used to effect a transformation on an organic substrate. Examples of organic reagents include the Collins reagent, Fenton's reagent, and Grignard reagent. Collins reagent is the complex of chromium(VI oxide with Pyridine in Dichloromethane. Fenton's reagent is a solution of Hydrogen peroxide and an Iron Catalyst that is used to Oxidize Contaminants or Waste waters The Grignard reaction, named for the French chemist François Auguste Victor Grignard, is an organometallic Chemical reaction in which Alkyl -
In another use of the term, when purchasing or preparing chemicals, "reagent-grade" describes chemical substances of sufficient purity for use in chemical analysis, chemical reactions or physical testing. A chemical substance is a Material with a definite chemical composition. Analytical chemistry is the study of the Chemical composition of natural and artificial Materials. A chemical reaction is a process that always results in the interconversion of Chemical substances The substance or substances initially involved in a chemical reaction are called Purity standards for reagents are set by organizations such as ASTM International. Standardization (or standardisation) is the process of developing and agreeing upon technical standards. ASTM International ( ASTM) originally known as the American Society for Testing and Materials is an international Standards organization that develops and publishes For instance, reagent-quality water must have very low levels of impurities like sodium and chloride ions, silica, and bacteria, as well as a very high electrical resistivity. Water ( H2[[oxygen O]] H OH) is the most abundant Molecule on Earth 's surface composing of about 70% of the Earth's surface as Sodium (ˈsoʊdiəm is an element which has the symbol Na( Latin natrium, from Arabic natrun) atomic number 11 atomic mass 22 The chloride Ion is formed when the element Chlorine picks up one Electron to form an Anion (negatively-charged ion Cl&minus The Chemical compound silicon dioxide, also known as silica or silox (from the Latin " Silex " is an Oxide The Bacteria ( singular: bacterium) are a large group of unicellular Microorganisms Typically a few Micrometres in length bacteria have Electrical resistivity (also known as specific electrical resistance) is a measure of how strongly a material opposes the flow of Electric current.
See also
- Limiting reagent
- Reagents for organic chemistry
References
- ^ a b International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry (1996). In Chemistry, the limiting reagent, also known as the " limiting reactant " is the Chemical that determines how far the reaction will go before The International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry ( IUPAC) (aɪjuːpæk or ay-yoo-pec) is an international Non-governmental organization "Reactant". Compendium of Chemical Terminology Internet edition. Compendium of Chemical Terminology (ISBN 0-86542-684-8 is a book published by IUPAC containing internationally accepted definitions for terms in Chemistry.
Dictionary
reagent
-noun
- (chemistry) A usually available or readily made compound or known mixture of compounds used to treat materials, samples, other compounds or reactants in a laboratory or sometimes an industrial setting.
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