| Raytheon Company | |
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| Type | Public (NYSE: RTN) |
| Founded | Cambridge, Massachusetts (1922) |
| Headquarters | Waltham, Massachusetts |
| Key people | William H. Swanson, Chairman and CEO |
| Industry | Aerospace and defense |
| Products | Conglomerate |
| Revenue | |
| Employees | 72,000 |
| Website | www.raytheon.com |
Raytheon Company (NYSE: RTN) is a major American defense contractor and industrial corporation with core manufacturing concentrations in defense systems and defense and commercial electronics. The United States dollar ( sign: $; code: USD) is the unit of Currency of the United States; it has also been Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Employment is a Contract between two parties, one being the employer and the other being the employee. A website (alternatively web site or Web site, a back-construction from the Proper noun World Wide Web) is a collection of Web pages The New York Stock Exchange ( NYSE) is a Stock exchange based in New York City. The United States of America —commonly referred to as the A defense contractor (or defence contractor, also sometimes called a military contractor) is a Business organization or individual that provides products Manufacturing (from Latin manu factura, "making by hand" is the use of tools and labor to make things for use or sale A weapon is a Tool used either in Hunting, or attack or defence in Combat for the purpose of subduing enemy personnel or to destroy enemy weapons Electronics refers to the flow of charge (moving Electrons through Nonmetal conductors (mainly Semiconductors, whereas electrical It was previously involved in corporate and special-mission aircraft until early 2007. Raytheon is the world's largest producer of guided missiles. [2]
Established in 1922, the company reincorporated in 1928 and adopted its present name in 1959. Incorporation (abbreviated Inc in US and Canadian business names is the forming of a new Corporation (a corporation being a legal entity The company has around 73,000 employees worldwide and annual revenues of approximately US$20 billion. The United States dollar ( sign: $; code: USD) is the unit of Currency of the United States; it has also been More than 90 percent of Raytheon's revenues were obtained from defense contracts and, as of 2007, it was the fifth largest defense contractor in the world,[3] and is the fourth largest defense contractor in the United States by revenue. List of United States Defense contractors Accenture Ltd Aerojet Aerospace Center Support In business revenue or revenues is Income that a company receives from its normal business activities usually from the sale of goods and services
Raytheon Headquarters was moved from Lexington, Massachusetts to Waltham, Massachusetts on October 27, 2003. Lexington is a town in Middlesex County, Massachusetts, United States. One of the early centers of the Industrial Revolution in northern America Waltham is a city in Middlesex County, Massachusetts, United States [4] The company was previously headquartered in Waltham from 1941 until it opened its then Lexington headquarters in 1961.
In 1922, two former engineering college roommates Laurence K. Marshall and Vannevar Bush, along with scientist Charles G. Vannevar Bush ( March 11, 1890 &ndash June 30, 1974; pronounced "VAN-ee-var" ˈvæˌniː Smith, founded the American Appliance Company in Cambridge, Massachusetts. Cambridge Massachusetts is a City in the Greater Boston area of Massachusetts, United States. [5] Its focus, which was originally on new refrigeration technology, soon shifted to electronics. Refrigeration is the process of removing Heat from an enclosed space or from a substance and moving it to a place where it is unobjectionable Electronics refers to the flow of charge (moving Electrons through Nonmetal conductors (mainly Semiconductors, whereas electrical The company's first product was a gaseous (helium) rectifier that was based on Charles Smith's earlier astronomical research of the star Zeta Puppis. This page is about the physical properties of gas as a state of matter Helium ( He) is a colorless odorless tasteless non-toxic Inert Monatomic Chemical A rectifier is an electrical device that converts Alternating current (AC to Direct current (DC a process known as rectification. Astronomy (from the Greek words astron (ἄστρον "star" and nomos (νόμος "law" is the scientific study Zeta Puppis (ζ Pup / ζ Puppis is a Star in the Constellation of Puppis. [6] The electron tube was christened with the name Raytheon ("light of/from the gods") and was used in a battery eliminator, a type of radio-receiver power supply that plugged into the power grid in place of large batteries. A battery eliminator is a device powered by an electrical source other than a battery, which then converts the source to a suitable DC Voltage This article is about a radio receiver for other uses see Radio (disambiguation. Power supply is a reference to a source of Electrical power. A device or system that supplies Electrical or other types of Energy to an output load Electric power transmission, a process in the delivery of Electricity to consumers is the bulk transfer of electrical power In electronics a battery is a combination of two or more Electrochemical cells which store chemical Energy which can be converted into electrical energy This made it possible to convert household alternating current to direct current for radios and thus eliminate the need for expensive, short-lived batteries. An alternating current ( AC) is an Electric current whose direction reverses cyclically as opposed to Direct current, whose direction remains constant Direct current ( DC) is the unidirectional flow of Electric charge.
In 1925 the company changed its name to Raytheon Manufacturing Company and began marketing its rectifier, under the Raytheon brand name, with great commercial success. Year 1925 ( MCMXXV) was a Common year starting on Thursday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. In 1928 Raytheon merged with Q. Year 1928 ( MCMXXVIII) was a Leap year starting on Sunday (link will display full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. R. S. Company, an American manufacturer of electron tubes and switches, to form the successor of the same previous name, Raytheon Manufacturing Company. In 1933 it diversified by acquiring Acme-Delta Company, a producer of transformers, power equipment, and electronic auto parts. Year 1933 ( MCMXXXIII) was a Common year starting on Sunday (link will display full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. Auto parts are components of Automobiles They mainly are in alphabetic order (only car specific articles or articles with car section Air filter By the 1930s it had already grown to become one of the world's largest vacuum tube manufacturing companies. The 1930s were described as an abrupt shift to more radical and conservative lifestyles as countries were struggling to find a solution to the Great Depression.
Early in World War II, physicists in England invented the magnetron, a specialized microwave-generating electron tube that markedly improved the capability of radar to detect enemy planes. World War II, or the Second World War, (often abbreviated WWII) was a global military conflict which involved a majority of the world's nations, including A physicist is a Scientist who studies or practices Physics. Physicists study a wide range of physical phenomena in many branches of physics spanning England is a Country which is part of the United Kingdom. Its inhabitants account for more than 83% of the total UK population whilst its mainland A cavity magnetron is a high-powered Vacuum tube that generates coherent Microwaves They are commonly found in Microwave ovens as well as various Radar is a system that uses electromagnetic waves to identify the range altitude direction or speed of both moving and fixed objects such as Aircraft, ships American companies were then sought by the U. S. government to perfect and mass-produce the magnetron for ground-based, airborne, and shipborne radar systems, and, with support from the Massachusetts Institute of Technology's Radiation Laboratory (recently formed to investigate microwave radar), Raytheon received a contract to build the devices. Mass production (also called flow production, repetitive flow production, series production, or serial production) is the production of Ernest Lawrence's laboratory at UC Berkeley now known as Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, was also known as the Radiation Laboratory Radar is a system that uses electromagnetic waves to identify the range altitude direction or speed of both moving and fixed objects such as Aircraft, ships Within a few months of being awarded the contract, Raytheon had already begun to mass manufacture magnetron tubes for use in radar sets and then complete radar systems. A cavity magnetron is a high-powered Vacuum tube that generates coherent Microwaves They are commonly found in Microwave ovens as well as various Radar is a system that uses electromagnetic waves to identify the range altitude direction or speed of both moving and fixed objects such as Aircraft, ships Radar is a system that uses electromagnetic waves to identify the range altitude direction or speed of both moving and fixed objects such as Aircraft, ships At war's end in 1945 the company was responsible for about 80 percent of all magnetrons manufactured. Year 1945 ( MCMXLV) was a Common year starting on Monday (link will display the full calendar During the war Raytheon also pioneered the production of shipboard radar systems, particularly for submarine detection.
Raytheon's research on the magnetron tube revealed the potential of microwaves to cook food. Microwaves are electromagnetic waves with Wavelengths ranging from 1 mm to 1 m or frequencies between 0 In 1945 Raytheon's Percy Spencer invented the microwave oven by discovering that the magnetron could rapidly heat food. Year 1945 ( MCMXLV) was a Common year starting on Monday (link will display the full calendar Percy Lebaron Spencer ( 9 July, 1894 – 8 September, 1970) was an American engineer and inventor A microwave oven, or a microwave, is a Kitchen appliance that cooks or heats Food by Dielectric heating. Food is any substance usually composed primarily of Carbohydrates Fats water and/or Proteins that can be eaten or drunk by an In 1947 the company demonstrated the Radarange microwave oven for commercial use. Year 1947 ( MCMXLVII) was a Common year starting on Wednesday (link will display full 1947 calendar of the Gregorian calendar.
In 1945 the company expanded its electronics capability through acquisitions that included the Submarine Signal Company (founded in 1901), a leading manufacturer of maritime safety equipment. Year 1945 ( MCMXLV) was a Common year starting on Monday (link will display the full calendar Year 1901 ( MCMI) was a Common year starting on Tuesday (link will display calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common year starting With its broadened capabilities, Raytheon developed the first guidance system for a missile that could intercept a flying target. A guidance system is a device or group of devices used to navigate a Ship, Aircraft, Missile, Rocket, Satellite, or other In 1948 Raytheon began to manufacture guided missiles. Year 1948 ( MCMXLVIII) was a Leap year starting on Thursday (link will display the 1948 calendar of the Gregorian calendar. Guided Missile is a London based Independent record label set up by Paul Kearney in 1994. In 1950 its Lark missile became the first such weapon to destroy a target aircraft in flight. Year 1950 ( MCML) was a Common year starting on Sunday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. Raytheon then received military contracts to develop the air-to-air Sparrow and ground-to-air Hawk missiles — projects that received impetus from the Korean War. The AIM-7 Sparrow is a medium-range Semi-active radar homing Air-to-air missile operated by the United States Air Force, United States Navy Development Development of the HAWK missile system began in 1952 when the United States Army began studies into a medium range Semi-active radar homing The Korean War refers to a period of military conflict between North Korean and South Korean regimes with major hostilities lasting from June 25 1950 until the In later decades it remained a major producer of missiles, among them the Patriot antimissile missile and the air-to-air Phoenix missile. The MIM-104 Patriot is a Surface-to-air missile (SAM system the primary of its kind used by the United States Army and several allied nations The AIM-54 Phoenix is a radar-guided long-range air-to-air Missile, carried in clusters of up to six missiles — formerly on the U In 1959 Raytheon acquired Apelco-Applied Electronics, which significantly increased its strength in commercial marine electronics. The year 1959 ( MCMLIX) was a Common year starting on Thursday (link will display full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. In the same year, it changed its name to Raytheon Company.
During the post-war years Raytheon also made radio and television transmitters and related equipment for the commercial market in the U. For biologic transmitters see Transmitter substance. A transmitter is an electronic device which usually with the aid of an antenna S. and got into the educational publishing business with the acquisition of D.C. Heath. Publishing is the process of production and dissemination of Literature or Information &ndash the activity of making information available for public view DC Heath and Company is a small publishing company located at 125 Spring Street in Lexington Massachusetts. In the 1950s Raytheon began manufacturing transistors, including the CK722, priced and marketed to hobbyists. The 1950s Decade refers to the years of 1950 to 1959 inclusive In Electronics, a transistor is a Semiconductor device commonly used to amplify or switch electronic signals The CK722 was the first low cost junction Transistor available to the general public
In 1965 it acquired Amana Refrigeration, Inc. Year 1965 ( MCMLXV) was a Common year starting on Friday (link will display full calendar of the 1965 Gregorian calendar. The Amana Corporation was founded by George Foerstner as Amana Refrigeration in 1934 in Amana Iowa to manufacture commercial walk-in coolers , a manufacturer of refrigerators and air conditioners. A refrigerator (often called a " fridge " for short is a cooling appliance comprising a thermally insulated compartment and a Heat pump - An air conditioner is an Appliance, System, or mechanism designed to extract Heat from an area via a Refrigeration cycle Using the Amana brand name and its distribution channels, Raytheon began selling the first countertop household microwave oven in 1967 and became a dominant manufacturer in the microwave oven business. A microwave oven, or a microwave, is a Kitchen appliance that cooks or heats Food by Dielectric heating. Year 1967 ( MCMLXVII) was a Common year starting on Sunday (link will display full calendar of the 1967 Gregorian calendar.
In 1980, Raytheon acquired Beech Aircraft Corporation, a leading manufacturer of general aviation aircraft founded in 1932 by Walter H. Beech. Year 1980 ( MCMLXXX) was a Leap year starting on Tuesday (link displays the 1980 Gregorian calendar) Hawker Beechcraft The Beech Aircraft Corporation, previously the Beechcraft Division of Raytheon and now a unit of Hawker Beechcraft, is a United Walter Herschel Beech ( January 30, 1891 &ndash November 29, 1950) was an American pioneer aviator In 1993 the company expanded its aircraft activities by adding the Hawker line of business jets by acquiring Corporate Jets Inc. Year 1993 ( MCMXCIII) was a Common year starting on Friday (link will display full 1993 Gregorian calendar) , the business jet product line of British Aerospace (now BAE Systems). British Aerospace (BAe was a UK aircraft and defence-systems manufacturer that is now part of BAE Systems. BAE Systems plc (BAE is a British defence and aerospace company headquartered in Farnborough, England, that has global interests particularly These two entities were merged in 1994 to become the Raytheon Aircraft Company. Year 1994 ( MCMXCIV) was a Common year starting on Saturday (link will display full 1994 Gregorian calendar) In the first quarter of 2007 Raytheon sold its aircraft operations, which is now operating as Hawker Beechcraft. Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Hawker Beechcraft Corporation is the name of a holding company formed by Onex Corporation and Goldman Sachs to acquire the aircraft manufacturing assets of Raytheon The product line of Raytheon's aircraft subsidiary included business jets such as the Hawker 800XP and Horizon, the Beechjet 400A, and the Premier I; the popular King Air series of twin turboprops; and single-engine piston aircraft such as the Beech Bonanza. Business jet, private jet or colloquially bizjet is a term describing a Jet aircraft, usually of smaller size designed for transporting groups of WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft. Please see WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft/page content for recommended layout The horizon ( Ancient Greek ὁ ὁρίζων, /ho horídzôn/ from ὁρίζειν, "to limit" is the apparent line that separates WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft. Please see WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft/page content for recommended layout WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft. Please see WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft/page content for recommended layout This article is about 90 and 100 Series King Airs For 200 and 300 Series King Airs see the Beechcraft Super King Air article WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft. Please see WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft/page content for recommended layout Its special-mission aircraft included the single-turboprop T-6A Texan II, which had been chosen to be the primary training aircraft for the U.S. Air Force and U.S. Navy. WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft. Please see WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft/page content for recommended layout A trainer is an Aircraft used to develop piloting navigational or war-fighting skills in flight crew
In 1991, during the Persian Gulf War, Raytheon's Patriot missile received great international exposure, resulting in a substantial increase in sales for the company outside the United States. Year 1991 ( MCMXCI) was a Common year starting on Tuesday (link will display full calendar of the Gregorian Calendar. The MIM-104 Patriot is a Surface-to-air missile (SAM system the primary of its kind used by the United States Army and several allied nations In an effort to establish leadership in the defense electronics business, Raytheon purchased in quick succession Chrysler Corporation's defense electronics and aircraft-modification businesses (1996) and the defense business units of E-Systems (1997) and Texas Instruments (1997). Chrysler LLC is an American Automobile manufacturer that has been producing Automobiles since 1925 Year 1996 ( MCMXCVI) was a Leap year starting on Monday (link will display full 1996 Gregorian calendar) Raytheon Intelligence and Information Systems (RIIS IIS is a business of Raytheon Company. Year 1997 ( MCMXCVII) was a Common year starting on Wednesday (link will display full 1997 Gregorian calendar Texas Instruments ( better known in the electronics industry (and popularly as TI, is an American company based in Dallas, Texas, USA Year 1997 ( MCMXCVII) was a Common year starting on Wednesday (link will display full 1997 Gregorian calendar Also in 1997, Raytheon acquired the aerospace and defense business of Hughes Aircraft Company from Hughes Electronics Corporation — a subsidiary of General Motors, which included a number of product lines previously purchased by Hughes Electronics including the former General Dynamics missile business, the defense portion of Delco Electronics (Delco Systems Operations), and Magnavox Electronic Systems. Year 1997 ( MCMXCVII) was a Common year starting on Wednesday (link will display full 1997 Gregorian calendar Hughes Aircraft Company was a major aerospace and defense company founded by Howard Hughes. Hughes Aircraft Company was a major aerospace and defense company founded by Howard Hughes. General Motors Corporation ( GM) ( is a multinational automobile manufacturer founded in 1908 and headquartered in the United States. General Dynamics Corporation ( is a defense conglomerate formed by Mergers and Divestitures and as of 2008 it is the fifth largest Defense contractor A missile (see also pronunciation differences) is a self-propelled explosive Projectile used as a weapon towards a target Delco Electronics Corporation was the automotive Electronics design and manufacturing subsidiary of General Motors based in Kokomo Indiana. Magnavox ( Latin for "great voice" is an American Electronics company founded by Edwin Pridham and Peter L
Raytheon also divested itself of several nondefense businesses in the 1990s, including Amana Refrigeration. The 1990s collectively refers to the years between and including 1990 and 1999 The Amana Corporation was founded by George Foerstner as Amana Refrigeration in 1934 in Amana Iowa to manufacture commercial walk-in coolers
In 1995, Raytheon acquired E-Systems, in St. Petersburg, FL. This site has been spewing a toxic cloud underneath the site (in the ground water) since at least 1991 (when nearby construction uncovered it). No communication was made to any nearby homeowners by E-Systems, Raytheon, or the Department of Environmental Protection until 2008. The clouds contain several toxins — lead, toluene, vinyl chloride, dioxane and trichloroethylene — whose effects can vary from dizziness to death, according to reports by the Florida Department of Environmental Protection
On October 12, 1999 Raytheon exited the personal rapid transit (PRT) business as it terminated its PRT 2000[7] system due to high-cost of development and lack of interest. Events 539 BC - The army of Cyrus the Great of Persia takes Babylon. Year 1999 ( MCMXCIX) was a Common year starting on Friday (link will display full 1999 Gregorian calendar) Personal rapid transit (PRT, also called personal automated transport (PAT or podcar, is a Public transportation concept that offers on-demand non-stop Personal rapid transit (PRT, also called personal automated transport (PAT or podcar, is a Public transportation concept that offers on-demand non-stop [8] The PRT 2000 prototype now sits idle at their Marlboro, Massachusetts facility. Marlborough is a city in Middlesex County, Massachusetts, United States. [9]
Raytheon is composed of six major business divisions:
Raytheon’s businesses are supported by several dedicated international operations including: Raytheon Australia (Managing Director, Ron Fisher); Raytheon Canada Limited; operations in Japan; Raytheon Microelectronics in Spain; Raytheon System Limited in the UK; and ThalesRaytheonSystems, France. Raytheon Integrated Defense Systems, a subsidiary of Raytheon Company, is headquartered in Tewksbury MA. Tewksbury (ˈtʊksbɛriː/ /ˈtʊksbriː is a town in Middlesex County, Massachusetts, United States. Raytheon Intelligence and Information Systems (RIIS IIS is a business of Raytheon Company. Garland is a city in Dallas County in the US state of Texas. It is an inner suburb northeast of Dallas and is a major part of the Michael (Mike D Keebaugh (born November 10, 1945) is currently President of Raytheon Intelligence and Information Systems, a business of Raytheon Raytheon Missile Systems Company is a subsidiary of Raytheon Company. Tucson (ˈtuːsɒn is the seat of Pima County Arizona, United States, located 118 miles (188 km) southeast McKinney is a city in and the County seat of Collin County, Texas, United States, and the second in population to Plano. Reston is an internationally known Planned community whose goal was to revolutionize post-World War II concepts of land use and residential/corporate development in Raytheon Space and Airborne Systems (SAS is a major business segment of Raytheon. El Segundo is also the name of a champion Australian racehorse Ronald D Fisher is the current Managing Director of Raytheon Australia and Vice-President of Raytheon International Inc and responsible for the executive For a topic outline on this subject see List of basic Japan topics. Spain () or the Kingdom of Spain (Reino de España is a country located mostly in southwestern Europe on the Iberian Peninsula. The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, commonly known as the United Kingdom, the UK or Britain,is a Sovereign state located ThalesRaytheonSystems ( ThalesRaytheon or TRS) is a joint venture between Raytheon of the United States and Thales Group of France This article is about the country For a topic outline on this subject see List of basic France topics.
In recent years, Raytheon has expanded into other fields while redefining some of its core business activities. Raytheon has identified four key 'Strategic Business Areas' where it is focusing its expertise and resources, including:
William H. Swanson is the Chairman and CEO. The term homeland security refers to the broad national effort by all levels of government to protect its territory from hazards both internal and external natural and man-made Missile defense is a system weapon or technology involved in the detection tracking interception and destruction of attacking Missiles Originally conceived as a defence against The Precision Attack Air-to-Surface Missile (PAASM is a weapon system currently under development by Raytheon which is designed to defeat Armored vehicles buildings Intelligence (abbreviated int or intel) is not Information, but the product of evaluated information valued for its currency and relevance rather than Surveillance is the monitoring of Behavior. Systems surveillance is the process of monitoring the behavior of people objects or processes within systems for conformity Reconnaissance (also scouting) is a military and medical term denoting exploration conducted to gain information William H Swanson (born 1949) is the chairman and Chief executive officer of Raytheon Company. A chief executive officer ( CEO) or chief executive is typically the highest-ranking corporate officer ( executive) or administrator Other members of the board of directors of Raytheon are: Barbara Barrett, Vernon Clark, Ferdinand Colloredo-Mansfeld, John Deutch, Thomas Everhart, Frederic Poses, Warren Rudman, Michael Ruettgers, Ronald Skates, William Spivey, and Linda Stuntz. Barbara Barrett is an American business and aviation attorney and diplomat Admiral Vernon E Clark USN (Ret was the Chief of Naval Operations (CNO in the United States Navy. See also John James Deutsch John Mark Deutch (born July 27, 1938) is an American Chemist and Civil servant Thomas Eugene Everhart (born 1932) is a US educator and Physicist. Warren Bruce Rudman (born May 18, 1930 in Boston Massachusetts) was an American Senator from New Hampshire.
In addition to its US domestic facilities, Raytheon has offices in countries worldwide, including Australia, Belgium, Brazil, Canada, Chile, China, Czech Republic, Egypt, France, Germany, Greece, India, Italy, Japan, Kuwait, Malaysia, Marshall Islands, Norway, Republic of Korea, Singapore, Saudi Arabia, Spain, Sweden, Taiwan, Thailand, Turkey, United Arab Emirates, and the United Kingdom. For a topic outline on this subject see List of basic Australia topics. The Kingdom of Belgium is a Country in northwest Europe. It is a founding member of the European Union and hosts its headquarters as well as those |utc_offset = -2 to -4 |time_zone_DST = BRST |utc_offset_DST = -2 to -5 |cctld Country to "Dominion of Canada" or "Canadian Federation" or anything else please read the Talk Page Chile, officially the Republic of Chile ( Spanish:) is a country in South America occupying a long and narrow Coastal strip wedged between the Talk People's Republic of China) PEOPLE'S REPUBLIC OF CHINA ARTICLE GUIDELINES The Czech Republic ( ˈt͡ʃɛskaː ˈrɛpuˌblɪka short form in Česko ˈt͡ʃɛskɔ also called Czechia, This article is about the country of Egypt For a topic outline on this subject see List of basic Egypt topics. This article is about the country For a topic outline on this subject see List of basic France topics. Germany, officially the Federal Republic of Germany ( ˈbʊndəsʁepuˌbliːk ˈdɔʏtʃlant is a Country in Central Europe. Greece (Ελλάδα transliterated: Elláda, historically, Ellás,) officially the Hellenic Republic (Ελληνική Δημοκρατία India, officially the Republic of India (भारत गणराज्य inc-Latn Bhārat Gaṇarājya; see also other Indian languages) is a country Italy (Italia officially the Italian Republic, (Repubblica Italiana is located on the Italian Peninsula in Southern Europe, and on the two largest For a topic outline on this subject see List of basic Japan topics. The State of Kuwait ( دولة الكويت IPA [dawlatt̪ alkuwajt̪]) is a sovereign Arab Emirate on the coast of the Persian Gulf, enclosed For the biogeographical region see Malesia Malaysia (məˈleɪʒə or /məˈleɪziə/ is a country that consists of thirteen states and The Marshall Islands, officially the Republic of the Marshall Islands (RMI is a Micronesian nation of islands in the middle of the Pacific Ocean Norway ( Norwegian: Norge ( Bokmål) or Noreg ( Nynorsk) officially the Kingdom of Norway, is a Constitutional South Korea, officially the Republic of Korea and often referred to as Korea ( Korean: 대한민국 tɛː Singapore The Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, KSA ( المملكة العربية السعودية, al-Mamlaka al-ʻArabiyya as-Suʻūdiyya) or Suudi Spain () or the Kingdom of Spain (Reino de España is a country located mostly in southwestern Europe on the Iberian Peninsula. "Sverige" redirects here For other uses see Sweden (disambiguation and Sverige (disambiguation. Taiwan ( Taiwanese: Tâi-oân/Tāi-oân (historically 大灣/台員/大員/台圓/大圓/台窩灣 is an Island in East Asia. The Kingdom of Thailand (ˈtaɪlænd ราชอาณาจักรไทย, râːtɕʰa-ʔaːnaːtɕɑ̀k-tʰɑj Turkey (Türkiye known officially as the Republic of Turkey ( is a Eurasian Country that stretches The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, commonly known as the United Kingdom, the UK or Britain,is a Sovereign state located
Raytheon's electronics and defense-systems units produce air-, sea-, and land-launched missiles, aircraft radar systems, weapons sights and targeting systems, communication and battle-management systems, and satellite components. A missile (see also pronunciation differences) is a self-propelled explosive Projectile used as a weapon towards a target Raytheon is also a leader in marine electronics, manufacturing shipboard radar and sonar systems, autopilots, depth finders, and Global Positioning System (GPS) devices. Basic concept of GPS operation A GPS receiver calculates its position by carefully timing the signals sent by the constellation of GPS Satellites high above the Earth
Raytheon is a developer and manufacturer of radars (including AESAs), electro-optical sensors, and other advanced electronics systems for airborne, naval and ground based military applications. PAVE PAWS is a United States ' Air Force Space Command Radar and has been designated a Protection Level 1 resource safeguarded by USAF Security Clear Air Force Station is a United States Air Force Station located 5 miles (8 km south of Anderson, Alaska, USA, northeast of Radar is a system that uses electromagnetic waves to identify the range altitude direction or speed of both moving and fixed objects such as Aircraft, ships An Electronically Scanned Array (AESA also known as active Phased array Radar is a type of Radar whose Transmitter and Examples include:
Raytheon, often in conjunction with Boeing, Lockheed Martin or Northrop Grumman, is also heavily involved in the satellite sensor business. WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft. Please see WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft/page content for recommended layout Northrop Grumman Corporation ( is an Aerospace and defense technology company formed by the 1994 purchase of Grumman by Northrop. The AN/ALE-50 Towed Decoy System is an anti-missile countermeasures decoy system used on multiple U The AN/ALR-67 Radar Warning Receiver is designed to warn an aircraft's crew of potentially hostile radar activity The AN/APQ-181 is an all-weather Low probability of intercept (LPI Radar system designed by Hughes Aircraft (now Raytheon) for the U WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft. Please see WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft/page content for recommended layout The Northrop Grumman (formerly Ryan Aeronautical) RQ-4 Global Hawk (known as Tier II+ during development is an Unmanned aerial vehicle A forward looking infrared (FLIR is an imaging device that senses infrared radiation The AN/MPQ-64 Sentinel is a three-dimensional Radar used to alert and queue Short Range Air Defense (SHORAD Weapons to the locations of hostile targets The AN/SLQ -32 is a shipboard Electronic warfare suite built by the Raytheon Company of Goleta California. PAVE PAWS is a United States ' Air Force Space Command Radar and has been designated a Protection Level 1 resource safeguarded by USAF Security The United States Air Force Ballistic Missile Early Warning System ( BMEWS) was the first operational Ballistic missile detection Radar. The Missile Defense Agency ( MDA) is the section of the United States government's Department of Defense responsible for developing a layered defense The X band is part of the Microwave region of the Electromagnetic spectrum. The Boeing Company is a major Aerospace and defense corporation originally founded by William E Lockheed Martin ( is a large multinational Aerospace manufacturer and advanced technology Company formed in 1995 by the merger of Northrop Grumman Corporation ( is an Aerospace and defense technology company formed by the 1994 purchase of Grumman by Northrop. Much of its Space and Airborne Systems division in El Segundo, CA is devoted to this, a business it inherited from Hughes. El Segundo is also the name of a champion Australian racehorse California ( is a US state on the West Coast of the United States, along the Pacific Ocean. Hughes Aircraft Company was a major aerospace and defense company founded by Howard Hughes. Examples of programs include:
As part of the company’s growing homeland security business and strategic focus, Raytheon has teamed with other contractors to develop an Advance Spectroscopic Portal (ASP) to allow border officials to peer into vehicles and containers to identify radioactive materials. The term homeland security refers to the broad national effort by all levels of government to protect its territory from hazards both internal and external natural and man-made Radioactive decay is the process in which an unstable Atomic nucleus loses energy by emitting ionizing particles and Radiation. [11]
Raytheon also manufactures semiconductors for the electronics industry. A semiconductor' is a Solid material that has Electrical conductivity in between a conductor and an insulator; it can vary over that Electronics refers to the flow of charge (moving Electrons through Nonmetal conductors (mainly Semiconductors, whereas electrical In the late 20th century it produced a wide range of integrated circuits and other components, but as of 2003 its semiconductor business specializes in gallium arsenide (GaAs) components for radio communications. The twentieth century of the Common Era began on Microchipsjpg|right|thumb|200px|Microchips ( EPROM memory with a transparent window showing the integrated circuit inside Year 2003 ( MMIII) was a Common year starting on Wednesday of the Gregorian calendar. Gallium arsenide ( GaAs) is a compound of two elements Gallium and Arsenic. It is also making efforts to develop gallium nitride (GaN) components for next-generation radars and radios. Gallium nitride ( is a very hard material commonly used in bright LEDs since the 1990s
In the framework of Ground-Based Midcourse Defense, Raytheon is developing a Ground-Based Interceptor (GBI) which includes a booster missile and a kinetic Exoatmospheric Kill Vehicle (EKV), along with several key radar components, such as the Sea-Based X-Band Radar (SBX) and the Upgraded Early Warning Radars (UEWR). Ground-Based Midcourse Defense (GMD is a component of the National missile defense strategy of the United States administered by the U A projectile is any object propelled through space by the exertion of a force which ceases after launch Exoatmospheric Kill Vehicle (EKV can refer to two related missile defense concepts Most common the Raytheon -manufactured interceptor component Sea-Based X-Band Radar is a floating self-propelled mobile Radar station designed to operate in high winds and heavy seas
Raytheon is a developer of missiles and related missile defense systems. The Paris Air Show ( Salon International de l'Aéronautique et de l'Espace Paris-Le Bourget) is an international trade fair for the aerospace business Year 2005 ( MMV) was a Common year starting on Saturday (link displays full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. These include:
Raytheon also produces and runs the ABACUS (Advanced BAttlefield CompUter Simulation) or Higher Formation Trainer (HFT) for training HQs from small specialist units up to corps level. The AGM-65 Maverick is an air-to-ground tactical missile (AGM designed for close air support Gulf War Friendly Fire Incident During the Gulf War, the HARM was involved in a friendly fire incident when the pilot of an F-4G Wild Weasel escorting The Raytheon AGM-129 ACM (Advanced Cruise Missile is a low observable sub-sonic turbo-fan powered air-launched Cruise missile built by Raytheon Missile The AGM-154 Joint Standoff Weapon ( JSOW) is the product of a joint venture between the United States Navy and Air Force to deploy a standardized The AIM-7 Sparrow is a medium-range Semi-active radar homing Air-to-air missile operated by the United States Air Force, United States Navy The AIM-9 Sidewinder is a heat-seeking, short-range Air-to-air missile carried by Fighter aircraft and recently certain gunship helicopters The AIM-120 Advanced Medium-Range Air-to-Air Missile, or AMRAAM (pronounced am-ram is a modern Beyond Visual Range (BVR air-to-air Missile The Tomahawk Land Attack Missile (TLAM is a long-range all-weather subsonic cruise missile Development Development of the HAWK missile system began in 1952 when the United States Army began studies into a medium range Semi-active radar homing The MIM-104 Patriot is a Surface-to-air missile (SAM system the primary of its kind used by the United States Army and several allied nations Sea Sparrow was developed from the AIM-7 Sparrow Air-to-air missile as a lightweight "point defense" weapon that could be retrofitted to existing ships The RIM-162 Evolved Sea Sparrow Missile (ESSM is a development of the RIM-7 Sea Sparrow Missile used to protect Ships from attacking missiles and
Raytheon Professional Services (RPS) is a global leader in training services and learning outsourcing for over 75 years. Clients are offered a full range of proven training capabilities on a global scale, tailored to client’s unique needs. The scope of each solution can vary from short-term training initiatives and projects to multi-year outsourcing engagements for some or all of a client’s training function. Services include: (1) Performance Consulting & Learning Strategy Development, (2)Training Design, Development & Delivery, (3) Learning Technologies and (4)Training Administration
As the vast majority of Raytheon's revenues have been obtained from defense contracts, there has been a necessarily tight relationship of cooperation between itself and the U.S. Department of Defense and other U. The United States Department of Defense ( DOD or DoD) is the federal department charged with coordinating and supervising all agencies and functions of the government S. government departments and agencies. This, along with heavy lobbying, has led to perennial charges of influence peddling. Raytheon, for instance, contributed nearly a million dollars to various defense-related political campaigns in the presidential election year of 2004, spending much more than that on lobbying expenses. [12] And there are many tight ties between the company and all levels of government. For example, Richard Armitage, a former United States Deputy Secretary of State, is linked to the company through consultancy work. Richard Armitage may refer to Richard Armitage (actor, English actor Richard Armitage (politician, American politician John M. Deutch, a former U. See also John James Deutsch John Mark Deutch (born July 27, 1938) is an American Chemist and Civil servant S. Director of Central Intelligence, sits on the board of directors, along with Warren Rudman, a former Senator. The Office of United States Director of Central Intelligence (DCI was established by U Warren Bruce Rudman (born May 18, 1930 in Boston Massachusetts) was an American Senator from New Hampshire. On the other hand, Raytheon has also been involved in several contract disputes with the U.S. Government. A contract is an exchange of promises between two or more parties to do or refrain from doing an act which is enforceable in a court of law The federal government of the United States is the central United States Governmental body established by the United States Constitution. [12]
In March 1990, Raytheon pleaded guilty to one felony count of illegally obtaining classified Air Force budget and planning documents. Events in March American Red Cross Month Fire Prevention month ( The Philippines) Women's History Month ( United Year 1990 ( MCMXC) was a Common year starting on Monday (link displays the 1990 Gregorian calendar) [13] U. S. District Judge Albert V. A judge, or justice, is an Official who presides over a Court of law Bryan, Jr. imposed a $10,000 criminal fine for one felony count of "conveyance without authority" and $900,000 in civil penalties and damages. The United States dollar ( sign: $; code: USD) is the unit of Currency of the United States; it has also been In Common law legal systems a felony is a serious Crime, often contrasted with a Misdemeanor. The documents allegedly gave Raytheon an unfair advantage against its competitors in bidding for weapons contracts. Although the plea only involved 1983 Air Force documents, United States Attorney Henry Hudson said Raytheon also illegally obtained a wide range of secret Pentagon documents. Year 1983 ( MCMLXXXIII) was a Common year starting on Saturday (link displays the 1983 Gregorian calendar) United States Attorneys (also known as federal prosecutors) represent the United States federal government in United States district court and The Pentagon is the Headquarters of the United States Department of Defense, located in Arlington County, Virginia.
During the 1991 Gulf War, Raytheon received widespread publicity in the United States in connection with its manufacture of the Patriot missile (MIM-104 Patriot). The MIM-104 Patriot is a Surface-to-air missile (SAM system the primary of its kind used by the United States Army and several allied nations The Patriot missile is an anti-aircraft missile that was upgraded to have some capability against ballistic missiles. A surface to air missile ( SAM) or ground-to-air missile ( GTAM) is a Missile designed to be launched from the ground to destroy Aircraft A ballistic missile is a Missile that follows a Sub-orbital ballistic flightpath with the objective of delivering a warhead to a predetermined target The Patriot had allegedly intercepted Scud missiles launched by Iraq in its defense against the U. Scud is a series of Tactical ballistic missiles developed by the Soviet Union during the Cold War and exported widely to other countries For a topic outline on this subject see List of basic Iraq topics. S. -led invasion. When President George H. W. Bush traveled to Raytheon's Patriot manufacturing plant in Andover, Massachusetts during the Gulf War, he declared, the ""Patriot is 41 for 42: 42 Scuds engaged, 41 intercepted!"[14] After the Gulf War had concluded, the staff of the House Government Operations Subcommittee on Legislation and National Security reported,
In October 1994, Raytheon paid $4 million to settle a U. October events and holidays Children's Book Week ( England) - First Week of October National Day ( China People's Republic Year 1994 ( MCMXCIV) was a Common year starting on Saturday (link will display full 1994 Gregorian calendar) S. government claim that it inflated a defense contract for antimissile radar. [16] The PAVE PAWS (Precision Acquisition Vehicle Entry Phased Array Warning System) system was designed to detect incoming submarine-launched ballistic missiles. PAVE PAWS is a United States ' Air Force Space Command Radar and has been designated a Protection Level 1 resource safeguarded by USAF Security The government claimed in a federal lawsuit that Raytheon inflated a contract to upgrade two of four PAVE PAWS sites by proposing to hire higher-skilled employees than were necessary for the job. [16]
Just one year earlier, on October 14, 1993, Raytheon paid $3. Events 1066 - Norman Conquest: Battle of Hastings - In England on Senlac Hill seven miles from Hastings, the forces Year 1993 ( MCMXCIII) was a Common year starting on Friday (link will display full 1993 Gregorian calendar) 7 million to settle allegations that it misled the U.S. Defense Department by overstating the labor costs involved in manufacturing Patriot missiles. The United States Department of Defense ( DOD or DoD) is the federal department charged with coordinating and supervising all agencies and functions of the government [16] "The recovery of this money is yet another warning to contractors that the Truth in Negotiations Act's information disclosure requirements will be strictly and sternly enforced," Frank Hunger, assistant attorney general, said in a statement. In most Common law jurisdictions the Attorney General, or Attorney-General, is the main legal advisor to the government and in some jurisdictions may in addition [16]
Allegations of bribery were made against Raytheon in 1995 in connection with its efforts to win a 1. Bribery, a form of pecuniary corruption is an act usually implying money or gift given that alters the behaviour of the recipient in ways not consistent with the duties of that person Year 1995 ( MCMXCV) was a Common year starting on Sunday. Events of 1995 4 billion dollar radar contract from Brazil for the SIVAM project. The dollar (often represented by the Dollar sign: "$" is the name of the official Currency in several countries dependencies and other Radar is a system that uses electromagnetic waves to identify the range altitude direction or speed of both moving and fixed objects such as Aircraft, ships |utc_offset = -2 to -4 |time_zone_DST = BRST |utc_offset_DST = -2 to -5 |cctld The Amazon Surveillance System or SIVAM (from its Portuguese name Sistema de Vigilância da Amazônia) is a complex surveillance system used [17] SIVAM, the acronym for "System for Vigilance over the Amazon," was a complex radar surveillance system for use in monitoring the Amazon rainforest, allegedly to curb the trafficking of narcotics and to curb illegal logging or burning of the forest. Surveillance is the monitoring of Behavior. Systems surveillance is the process of monitoring the behavior of people objects or processes within systems for conformity The Amazon Rainforest (Brazilian Portuguese: Floresta Amazônica or Amazônia; Spanish: Selva Amazónica or Amazonía The illegal drug trade or drug trafficking is a global Black market consisting of the cultivation manufacture distribution and sale of illegal Drugs Logging is the process in which Trees are cut down for Forest management and Timber. Brazilian police wiretapped a telephone conversation between a special advisor to the Brazilian President Fernando Henrique Cardoso, and Raytheon's operative in Brazil, Jose Afonso Assumpcão. The President of Brazil is both the Head of state and Head of government of the Federative Republic of Brazil. Fernando Henrique Cardoso, PC (born June 18, 1931) - also known by his initials FHC - was the President of the Federative Republic of According to transcripts published in the Brazilian national weekly Isto É, when Assumpcão told Gomes dos Santos that Brazilian Senator Gilberto Miranda might block the Raytheon contract, Gomes dos Santos responded, "Damn, did you already pay this guy?". Gomes dos Santos and Brazil's aviation minister resigned because of allegations that this conversation suggested that bribes were paid. Nonetheless, Raytheon ultimately was awarded the contract after lobbying by the administration of U. Lobbying includes all attempts to influence Legislators and officials whether by other legislators constituents or organized groups S. President Bill Clinton. William Jefferson "Bill" Clinton (born William Jefferson Blythe III, August 19 1946 served as the forty-second President of the United States
In 1996 a corporation called AGES Group filed a lawsuit against Raytheon in a federal court in Alabama over a $450 million contract to service C-12 Huron and U-21 military aircraft. The United States district courts are the general Trial courts of the United States federal court system. Alabama (formally the State of Alabama;) is a State located in the southern region of the United States of America. WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft. Please see WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft/page content for recommended layout This article is about 90 and 100 Series King Airs For 200 and 300 Series King Airs see the Beechcraft Super King Air article [18] The Boston Herald reported that AGES alleged that the security firm Wackenhut Corporation, hired by Raytheon, used video and audio surveillance to spy on a consulting firm hired by AGES to help it prepare its bid. The Boston Herald is a Tabloid -format Daily newspaper, the smaller of the two big dailies in Boston Massachusetts, United States The Wackenhut Corporation is a United States -based Private security and investigation firm and is headquartered in Palm Beach Gardens, Florida Surveillance is the monitoring of Behavior. Systems surveillance is the process of monitoring the behavior of people objects or processes within systems for conformity AGES also alleged that stolen confidential pricing documents were turned over to Raytheon. Both Raytheon and AGES had been vying for the contract, which Raytheon had held for decades but which AGES won in 1996. On May 12, 1999, Reuters reported that Raytheon would pay $3 million to AGES Group and purchase $13 million worth of AGES aircraft parts to settle the AGES lawsuit. Events 1191 - Richard I of England marries Berengaria of Navarre. Year 1999 ( MCMXCIX) was a Common year starting on Friday (link will display full 1999 Gregorian calendar) This article is primarily about Reuters prior to its 2008 merger with Thomson The settlement was exceptional in that the parties agreed that judgment would be entered against Raytheon, legally establishing the validity of AGES' allegations. In non-legal contexts a judgment is a balanced weighing up of evidence preparatory to making a decision
In October 1999, Raytheon was the subject of a number of securities class action lawsuits alleging it had issued a series of materially false and misleading statements including overstating the company's 1997 and 1998 revenues, concealing cost overruns and inflating its financial results. In Law, a class action or a representative action is a form of Lawsuit where a large group of people collectively bring a claim to court The suits were brought in response to a massive drop in value of Raytheon's common stock as traded on the New York Stock Exchange. The New York Stock Exchange ( NYSE) is a Stock exchange based in New York City. On Tuesday, October 12, 1999, Raytheon shares were trading at about 45% below the level at which they had been traded on October 11, 1999. Events 539 BC - The army of Cyrus the Great of Persia takes Babylon. Year 1999 ( MCMXCIX) was a Common year starting on Friday (link will display full 1999 Gregorian calendar) Events 1138 - A massive earthquake struck Aleppo, Syria. 1531 - Huldrych Zwingli is killed Year 1999 ( MCMXCIX) was a Common year starting on Friday (link will display full 1999 Gregorian calendar) The plunge in stock prices was triggered by a Wall Street Journal report that Raytheon was over cost or behind schedule on more than a dozen fixed-price defense contracts. This crash represented a loss of about $8 billion in market value in a single day. On May 13, 2004 Raytheon reported that it had reached a preliminary agreement to pay $410 million in cash and securities to settle a class-action lawsuit alleging it misled investors by not disclosing difficulties on various Pentagon and construction projects five years before. Events 1497 - Pope Alexander VI excommunicates Girolamo Savonarola. "MMIV" redirects here For the Modest Mouse album see " Baron von Bullshit Rides Again "
On April 24, 2006 in a statement released by Raytheon, CEO Swanson admitted to plagiarism in claiming authorship for his booklet, "Swanson's Unwritten Rules of Management," after a report by The New York Times. Events 1479 BC - Thutmose III ascends to the throne of Egypt, although power effectively shifts to Hatshepsut (according to Year 2006 ( MMVI) was a Common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. Plagiarism is the unauthorized use or close imitation of the language and thoughts of another author and the representation of them as one's own original work [19] On May 2, 2006, Raytheon withdrew distribution of the book. Events 1194 - King Richard I of England gives Portsmouth its first Royal Charter. Year 2006 ( MMVI) was a Common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. [20] The following day, the company's board of directors announced that "In response to this matter, the Board has decided not to raise Mr. Swanson's salary above its 2005 level, and will reduce the amount of restricted stock for which he is eligible in the coming year by 20 percent. "[21]
As of September 2006, an NBC News report of the Army's award of an anti-rocket propelled grenade (RPG) system raised questions about favoritism towards Raytheon. Events in September It is the start of the academic year in many countries in the Northern Hemisphere. Year 2006 ( MMVI) was a Common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. NBC News is the news division of American Television network NBC, a part of NBC Universal, which is majority-owned by General Electric RPG or rocket-propelled grenade, is a loose term describing hand-held shoulder-launched Anti-tank weapons capable of firing an unguided [22] Major General Sorenson, deputy army secretary for acquisition, disputed the NBC report in detail. The top Democrat on the Tactical Air and Land Forces Subcommittee, Neil Abercrombie of Hawaii as well as panel chair Curt Weldon of Pennsylvania strongly criticized NBC for what they saw as "shoddy" reporting. Neil Abercrombie (born June 26, 1938) is a Democratic member of the United States House of Representatives, representing Hawaii's 1st congressional Wayne Curtis "Curt" Weldon (born July 22, 1947) is an American politician [23] The panel had also asked the General Accounting Office to investigate the case. The Government Accountability Office ( GAO) is the Audit, Evaluation, and investigative arm of the United States Congress.
On August 2007, Wikipedia Scanner (or WikiScanner), a web tool (developed by Virgil Griffith, a Caltech graduate student) that is capable of matching the source of changes on Wikipedia with companies' IP addresses, discovered that on October 26, 2005, a computer user (identified as User:199.46.198.230) on Raytheon's network edited the Wikipedia article on the company, deleting all information about the Patriot missile's performance in the Gulf War, a lawsuit from competitor AGES, as well as paragraphs describing a $910,000 fine for illegally obtaining classified military documents and a $4 million penalty for inflating a government contract. WikiScanner (also known as Wikipedia Scanner) is a tool created by Virgil Griffith and released on August 14, 2007, which consists of a publicly WikiScanner (also known as Wikipedia Scanner) is a tool created by Virgil Griffith and released on August 14, 2007, which consists of a publicly Virgil Griffith (born 1983 also known as Romanpoet, is an American hacker, known for his involvement with a 2003 lawsuit with the Blackboard Inc An Internet Protocol ( IP) address is a numerical identification ( Logical address) that is assigned to devices participating in a Computer network Events 740 - An Earthquake strikes Constantinople, causing much damage and death Year 2005 ( MMV) was a Common year starting on Saturday (link displays full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. [24]
Two lawsuits were filed against a Raytheon Company plant in St. Petersburg, Florida due to concern with health risks, property values, and contamination in April of 2008. [25] Raytheon was given until the end of the month to independently test whether or not the groundwater that originated from its area was contaminated. According to the Florida Department of Environmental Protection, the groundwater contained carcinogenic contaminants, including trichloroethylene, 1,4-dioxane, and vinyl chloride. [26] The DEP also reported that the clouds contained other toxins, such as lead and toluene. [27] According to DEP documentation, Raytheon has tested wells on its site since 1996 but had not delivered a final report; therefore, it was given a deadline on May 31, 2008 to investigate its groundwater. [28]
In another case, Raytheon was ordered by the Environmental Protection Agency to treat groundwater at the Tucson Force Plant in Arizona since Raytheon used and disposed metals, chlorinated solvents, and other substances at the plant since 1951. [29] The EPA further required the installation and operation of an oxidation process system to treat the solvents and make the water safe to drink. [30]