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Rani LaxmiBai

Equestrian statue of Rani Laxmibai
Alternate name(s): Manu,Manikarnika
Place of birth: Kashi, Uttar Pradesh, India
Place of death: Gwalior,India
Movement: Indian Independence Movement

Lakshmibai, The Rani of Jhansi (c. An equestrian statue is a Statue of a Horse -mounted rider The term is from the Latin " eques," meaning " Knight Varanasi ( Sanskrit: वाराणसी Vārāṇasī, pronunciation) also commonly known as Benares ( or Banaras (बनारस Uttar Pradesh (उत्तर प्रदेश اتر پردیش pronounced, Translation: Northern Province) referred to as '''U India, officially the Republic of India (भारत गणराज्य inc-Latn Bhārat Gaṇarājya; see also other Indian languages) is a country WikipediaWikiProject Indian cities for details --> Gwalior ( Hindi: ग्वालियर) is a city in Madhya Pradesh in India India, officially the Republic of India (भारत गणराज्य inc-Latn Bhārat Gaṇarājya; see also other Indian languages) is a country The term " Indian independence movement " is diffuse incorporating various national and regional campaigns agitations and efforts of both Nonviolent and Militant 1828 – 17 June 1858) (Hindi- झाँसी की रानी Marathi- झाशीची राणी), the queen of the Maratha-ruled princely state of Jhansi in North India, was one of the leading figures of the Indian rebellion of 1857, and a symbol of resistance to British rule in India. The year 1828 ( MDCCCXXVIII) was a Leap year starting on Tuesday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian Calendar (or a Leap Events 1462 - Vlad III the Impaler attempts to assassinate Mehmed II ( The Night Attack) forcing him to retreat Year 1858 ( MDCCCLVIII) was a Common year starting on Friday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian Calendar (or a Common Hindi ( Devanāgarī: hi [[wiktहिन्दी हिन्दी]] or hi [[wiktहिंदी हिंदी]] IAST:, IPA:) is Marathi (mr मराठी Marāṭhī) is an Indo-Aryan language spoken by the Marathi people of what is considered western India. The Marāthās ( Marathi: mr मराठा also Mahrattas) form an Indo Aryan group of Hindu Warriors hailing mostly from the present-day For other uses see Principality, Other princely states A Princely State (also called Native State or Indian State) was a Jhansi ( Urdu: جھانسی Hindi: झांसी Marathi:झाशी is a city of Uttar Pradesh state of northern India. Geography Northern India lies mainly on continental India and a very small part of it lies on the Indian peninsula The Indian Rebellion of 1857 began as a mutiny of Sepoys of British East India Company 's army on the 10th of May 1857 in the town of Meerut, For usage see British rule in India British Raj ( rāj, lit "reign" in Hindustani) primarily refers to the British

Contents

Early life

Originally named Manikarnikka at birth, she was born to a Maharashtrian Karhade Brahmin family sometime around 1828 in the Hindu city of Varanasi. Population In 1931 the population of Karhades in Ratnagiri Mumbai Thane Pune Satara Solapur Ahmednagar Nasik Khandesh was 22997 The year 1828 ( MDCCCXXVIII) was a Leap year starting on Tuesday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian Calendar (or a Leap Varanasi ( Sanskrit: वाराणसी Vārāṇasī, pronunciation) also commonly known as Benares ( or Banaras (बनारस An alternate date of 19 November 1835 was asserted by D. Events 1095 - The Council of Clermont, called by Pope Urban II to discuss sending the First Crusade to the Holy Land Year 1835 ( MDCCCXXXV) was a Common year starting on Thursday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian Calendar (or a Common B. Parasnis in his biography of the Rani. However, no other credible historian agrees with this date and all the evidence points to 1828. The simplest and most direct evidence comes via John Lang. In his account of his meeting with the Rani in 1854 he mentions that her vakil said she was a woman of about 26 years. She loved her horse.

Her father Moropant Tambey was a Karhade Brahmin and her mother Bhagirathibai was a cultured, intelligent and religious woman. Population In 1931 the population of Karhades in Ratnagiri Mumbai Thane Pune Satara Solapur Ahmednagar Nasik Khandesh was 22997 Born Manikarnika, she was affectionately called Manu in her family. Manu lost her mother at the age of four, and responsibility of looking after the young girl fell to her father.

Manu was raised in the court of Baji Rao II, the last of the Maratha peshwas, where her father was an advisor to the Peshwa's brother, Chimnaji Appa. At the Peshwa's court, Manu's father educated her to be a queen, and the young girl underwent extensive and thorough martial training, including riding, fencing and shooting, when she was still a child.

Marriage

Moropant Tambey traveled to the court of Raja Gangadhar Rao Newalkar, the Maharaja of Jhansi, when Manu was fourteen years old. Manu was to be married to Gangadhar Rao.

She married Raja Gangadhar Rao Newalkar,in 1842, and became the Maharani of Jhansi. Year 1842 ( MDCCCXLII) was a Common year starting on Tuesday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian Calendar (or a Common As is customary with Indian royalty, she was given a different name after her marriage, and was henceforth known as Lakshmibai. The ceremony of the marriage was performed at the Ganesh Mandir, at a cost of forty thousand rupees. Lakshmibai gave birth to a son in 1851, but this child died when he was about four months old. 1851 ( MDCCCLI) was a Common year starting on Wednesday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian Calendar (or a Common year

In 1853 Gangadhar Rao fell very ill and he was persuaded to adopt a child. He relented only a day before his death, and adopted a distant relative, a boy named Damodar Rao. To ensure that the British would not be able to contest the adoption, the Rani had it witnessed by the local British representatives. Maharaja Gangadhar Rao died the following day, 21 November 1853. Events 164 BC - Judas Maccabaeus, son of Mattathias of the Hasmonean family restores the Temple in Jerusalem. Year 1853 ( MDCCCLIII) was a Common year starting on Saturday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian Calendar (or a Common

Annexation

At that time, Lord Dalhousie was the Governor General of British India. James Andrew Broun-Ramsay 1st Marquess of Dalhousie, KT, PC ( April 22 1812 &ndash December 19 1860) was a British The Governor-General of India (or from 1858 to 1947 the Viceroy and Governor-General of India) was the head of the British administration in India, and For usage see British rule in India British Raj ( rāj, lit "reign" in Hindustani) primarily refers to the British Though little Damodar Rao, adopted son of late Maharaja Gangadhar Rao Newalkar and Rani Lakshmi Bai, was Maharaja's heir and successor under Hindu tradition, the British rulers rejected Rani's claim that Damodar Rao was their legal heir. A Hindu ( Devanagari: हिन्दू is an adherent of the philosophies and scriptures of Hinduism, a set of religious, Philosophical "Heir" and "Heiress" redirect here For the men and women fragrances endorsed by Paris Hilton see Heiress (fragrance. Lord Dalhousie decided to annex the state of Jhansi under the Doctrine of Lapse. The Doctrine of Lapse was an Annexation policy devised by Lord Dalhousie, who was the Governor General of India between 1848 and

The Rani then did the unprecedented: she sought the advice of a British lawyer and an officer of East India Company, Robert Ellis, and appealed her case in London. Although these petitions were well-argued, they were ultimately rejected. The British Indian authorities clearly sought to punish Rani for her presumptuous behavior. They confiscated the state jewels and deducted her husband's debts from her annual pension of Rs. 60,000. She was required to leave Jhansi fort for the Rani Mahal in Jhansi town, as well. But Rani Lakshmibai was determined to defend Jhansi. She proclaimed her decision with the famous words :Mi mahji Jhansi nahi dehnar (I will not give up my Jhansi). Throughout her life, she wanted to secure Jhansi from British annexation and went to the extent of establishing links with various revolutionaries around India. In one of her meetings with Tantia Tope, she even mentioned that Jhansi will set an example of free India. Ram Chandra Pandurang Tope (1814 - 1859 also known as Tatya Tope (pronounced Toh-pey was an Indian leader in the Indian Mutiny of 1857.

The War of 1857

The Ranee of Jhansi, an illustration from Chambers's History of the Revolt in India. London, 1859.
The Ranee of Jhansi, an illustration from Chambers's History of the Revolt in India. London, 1859.
Portrait of Lakshmibai, the Ranee of Jhansi, (circa 1850's).
Portrait of Lakshmibai, the Ranee of Jhansi, (circa 1850's).

Jhansi became a center of the rebellion upon the outbreak of violence in 1857. Rani Lakshmibai started strengthening the defense of Jhansi and assembled a volunteer army. Women were recruited as well as men and given military training. The rani was accompanied by her generals. Many from the local population volunteered for service in the army ranks, with the popular support for her cause on the rise.

In September and October of 1857, the Rani led the successful defense of Jhansi from the invading armies of the neighboring rajas of Datia and Orchha. WikipediaWikiProject Indian cities for details --> Datia is a city and a Municipality in Datia district in the state of Madhya Pradesh WikipediaWikiProject Indian cities for details --> Orchha (or Urchha is a town in Tikamgarh district of Madhya Pradesh state India

In January of 1858, the British Army started its advance on Jhansi, and in March laid siege to the city. Year 1858 ( MDCCCLVIII) was a Common year starting on Friday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian Calendar (or a Common After two weeks of fighting, the British captured the city, but the rani escaped in the guise of a man, strapping her adopted son Damodar Rao closely on her back. She fled to Kalpi where she joined Tantya Tope, another maratha general and another leading figure of the 1857 mutinty (later hanged by the british). WikipediaWikiProject Indian cities for details --> Kalpi is a city and a Municipal board in Jalaun district in the Indian state Ram Chandra Pandurang Tope (1814 - 1859 also known as Tatya Tope (pronounced Toh-pey was an Indian leader in the Indian Mutiny of 1857.

Death

The Rani met her death on 17 June, during the battle for Gwalior. Events 1462 - Vlad III the Impaler attempts to assassinate Mehmed II ( The Night Attack) forcing him to retreat The Rani of Jhansi donned warrior's clothes and rode into battle to save Gwalior Fort, about 120 miles west of Lucknow in what is now the state of Madhya. Gwalior Fort ( Hindi: ग्वालियर क़िला Gwalior Qila) in Gwalior, Madhya Pradesh, India, stands on an isolated Lucknow is also a mansion in New Hampshire Lucknow ( लखनऊ لکھنؤ Lakhnaū) is the capital city of Uttar Pradesh Madhya Pradesh (abbreviated as MP) ( Hindī: मध्य प्रदेश pronounced, Translation: Middle Province) often [1] There is dispute about the exact circumstances of her death. According to contemporary British reports she was mortally wounded by a stray bullet and climbed her own funeral pyre. A letter written by T. A. Martin states that,

refusing the assistance of Tantia Topee who offered to take her off, she ordered a ladder to be planted against a hayrick which was close by, ascended it unassisted, and ordered her people to set fire to it, which was done. This happened in Goosain's Bagh near Phoolbagh. I went and saw the spot. [2]

The British captured Gwalior three days later. WikipediaWikiProject Indian cities for details --> Gwalior ( Hindi: ग्वालियर) is a city in Madhya Pradesh in India In his report of the battle for Gwalior, General Rose commented that the Rani had been "the bravest and the best" of the rebels. Because of her unprecedented bravery, courage and wisdom and her progressive views on women's empowerment in 19th century India, and due to her sacrifices, she became an icon of Indian nationalist movement. The term " Indian independence movement " is diffuse incorporating various national and regional campaigns agitations and efforts of both Nonviolent and Militant

Epilogue

Influence

Rani Lakshmibai became a national heroine and was seen as the epitome of female bravery in India. When the Indian National Army created its first female unit, it was named after her. The Indian National Army ( INA) or Azad Hind Fauj ( Hindi: आज़ाद हिन्द फ़ौज was an armed force formed by Indian nationalists

Indian poetess Subhadra Kumari Chauhan wrote a poem in the Veer Ras style on her, which is still recited by children in schools in contemporary India. Subhadra Kumari Chauhan (1904- February 15 1948 was an Indian Poetess famous for her emotionally charged Hindi songs

Literature on Jhansi ki Rani

Films about Jhansi ki Rani

Timeline

Please see [1] for a presentation of a Timeline, from the birth Lakshmibai, Rani of Jhansi, until her death.

See also

External links

References

  1. ^ The India of the Nawabs. The New York Times. Retrieved on 2007-05-15. Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Events 1252 - Pope Innocent IV issues the Papal bull Ad exstirpanda, which authorizes but also limits the
  2. ^ Extracts from three letters by a Mr Martin to John Venables Sturt

Maza Pravas: 1857 cya Bandaci Hakikat (marathi "My journey: the truth about the 1857 rebellion") by Vishnu Bhatt Godse. Maza Pravas 1857 cya Bandaci Hakikat (which translates into English as My Travels the Story of the 1857 Mutiny)This Marathi travelogue was written by Vishnubhat Amar Balidani by Janki Sharan Verma Zila Vikas Pustika, 1996–97, Jhansi Meyer, Karl E. and Shareen Blair Brysac. Tournament of Shadows. Washington D. C. : Counterpoint, 1999.

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