East Jersey State Prison, better known by its original name, Rahway State Prison, was established in 1896 as the first reformatory in New Jersey. [1] It is a maximum-security institution operated by the New Jersey Department of Corrections, housing approximately 1,900 men as of 2006. The New Jersey Department of Corrections (NJDOC is responsible for operations and management of prison facilities in the U Year 2006 ( MMVI) was a Common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. [2]
The prison is actually located in Woodbridge Township, New Jersey, at the border with Rahway. Woodbridge Township is a Township in Middlesex County, New Jersey, United States. The prison's mailing address is in Rahway, leading many to believe the facility is situated there. The prison's official name was changed to East Jersey State Prison as of November 30, 1988, at the request of the citizens of Rahway. Events 1700 - Battle of Narva — A Swedish army of 8500 men under Charles XII defeats Year 1988 ( MCMLXXXVIII) was a Leap year starting on Friday (link displays 1988 Gregorian calendar) [3] The prison's large dome is a landmark that can be seen from various parts surrounding, including New Jersey Transit's North Jersey Coast Line trains. The New Jersey Transit Corporation (usually shortened to New Jersey Transit, NJ Transit or NJT) is a statewide Public transportation system serving The North Jersey Coast Line is a New Jersey Transit Commuter rail line which provides service between New York
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Early History
In 1895, the New Jersey Legislature voted to establish the state’s first reformatory. The New Jersey Legislature is the US state of New Jersey 's legislative branch seated in the New Jersey State House at the state's capital Trenton A year later, construction began at Rahway on state property known as Edgar Farm. [4] The prison opened in 1901 and originally housed male offenders between the ages of 16 and 30 who were first-time offenders. [4]
The first superintendent, J. E. Heg, served only a year. He was succeeded by Joseph W. Martin who led the institution until his death in 1909. [5] Martin was succeeded by Dr. Frank Moore, until he retired in 1929. [6]
The administration building, cell houses, schoolrooms, chapel, shops, and other buildings were surrounded by a large wall encompassing 21 acres. The entire prison was surrounded by hundreds of acres of farmland that the inmates worked. [1][6] By 1908, there were two four-tiered cell houses. One cell house contained 256 cells measuring 9’ x 5’ x 8. 6’, while the other had 384 cells that were only 7. 1’ x 5’ x 8’. A 1928 inspection reported that the cells were equipped “with a fair quality of toilet and lavatory. ”[1]
The Reformatory Years
When the institution first opened in 1901, the prison held 193 young men. [4] The numbers of inmates had increased to 525 by 1912 and to 745 by 1928. [1][4] Of the 514 prisoners admitted during 1928, 304 (59 %) were under twenty years of age, 164 (32 %) were twenty to twenty-four, and 46 (9 %) were from twenty-five to twenty-nine years old, with a racial breakdown of 406 (79 %) White and 108 (21 %) Negro. [1] Rahway was run on a “grading” system that graded the conduct of each inmate. A book of rules and regulations supplied to each inmate when he arrived discussed what was expected of him and the consequences of violating the rules. All inmates entered the prison in the “second grade” and had the opportunity to advance or be demoted depending on their behavior. [1] Inmates in different grades were granted different privileges.
The inmates’ day at Rahway consisted primarily of school and work. They woke at 5:45 a. m. with lights out at 9 p. m. Those who had to attended school went to classes half the day and worked the other half. Vocational training and jobs were offered included, tailoring, cooking, shoemaking, printing, electrical work, farming/gardening, plumbing, and painting. [4]
Transition to Adult Prison
With the opening of reformatories at Annandale (1928) and Bordentown (1937), Rahway changed from a reformatory to a prison for adult males. [5][6]
In 1930, construction began on additions to the institution. Between 1931 and 1932, industrial and laundry buildings were added. A new dormitory wing, “Two Wing,” was built in 1932. It contained two dormitories housing 150 men each, thereby increasing the prison’s capacity to 900 inmates. [6] In 1951, Rahway’s capacity was furthered increased to 1,000, when the last wing, “Three Wing,” was constructed. As years passed, renovation on the institution continued. In 1967, one of the old buildings was improved and made into “Five Wing. ” From 1985 to 1988, trailers were erected and old buildings renovated (textile and laundry) for housing and dining facilities. These new additions became “Six, Seven, and Eight Wings. ”[5]
Riots and Escapes
From April 17- 22, 1952, prisoners held officers hostage in a riot that took place because inmates were being beaten with nightsticks by officers prior to the riot. The riot ended when the inmates were gassed. [7] On Thanksgiving Day in 1971, five-hundred inmates held six hostages, including the warden, for 24 hours. Six officers were injured, three with stab wounds in the early hours of the riot. [8] The inmates demanded a more sufficient diet, regulation of commissary prices, improvement of the educational system and vocation training, better discipline of guards, and additional medicine supplies including aspirin. Ultimately, the prison was retaken with no loss of life and the captives were set free without the use of firearms. [4] [9]
On August 11, 1972, three convicted murderers escaped by sawing the bars of a third floor window. Later three officers were suspended for being responsible. In August 1980, in an effort to reduce the numbers of escapes prisoners were issued gray prison uniforms.
East Jersey Prison Today
In 1988, Rahway State Prison was renamed East Jersey State Prison when Rahway residents claimed that being identified with the prison stigmatized the city and affected property values. [10] East Jersey State Prison’s demographic makeup is much different than what it was when it first opened in 1901. The inmates housed at the prison today are some of New Jersey’s toughest criminals ranging from 18 to 65 years of age. [11]
The Education Department of East Jersey State Prison offers a variety of programs to the inmates. Vocational training courses include auto-body, auto mechanics, culinary arts, painting and decorating, and horticulture. The prison offers primary education (A. B. E. Course) and secondary education (GED) courses to the inmates. Inmates who are high school or GED graduates can take college classes offered through Union County College’s “Project Inside” program.
The prison in popular culture
The prison is known for three high-profile professional boxers who were at one time incarcerated there. Boxing (sometimes also known as English boxing or pugilism) is a Combat sport in which two participants generally of similar weight, Former middleweight contender Rubin Carter, freed in 1985 after being sentenced to two consecutive life terms, was featured in the 1975 Bob Dylan song "Hurricane" and the 1999 film The Hurricane. For the football player of the same name see Rubin Carter (football player. Bob Dylan (born Robert Zimmerman, May 24 1941 in Duluth, Minnesota) is an American singer-songwriter author poet and painter who has been a major Hurricane is a Protest song by Bob Dylan co-written with Jacques Levy, about the imprisonment of Rubin "Hurricane" Carter. The year 1999 in film involved some significant events and was arguably the most successful year for films released in the 1990s The Hurricane is a 1999 American Biographical film directed by Norman Jewison, and starring Denzel Washington. [12] Dwight Muhammad Qawi, became a two-time world champion after leaving Rahway. Dwight Muhammad Qawi (born January 5, 1953 in Baltimore Maryland, U A contemporary of Qawi, James Scott, was a title contender of the same era who fought many times inside the prison itself, including a fight against Qawi in 1981. James Scott may refer to James Scott 1st Duke of Monmouth (1649&ndash1685 noble recognized by some as James II of England James Scott (1671-1732
The prison served as the filming location for the documentary Scared Straight! The prison is also the birthplace of the Lifers' Group, in which prison inmates participate in a government-sponsored rap music program, recording such songs as "The Real Deal" and "Belly of the Beast" to discourage children from becoming criminals. Scared Straight! was a documentary directed by Arnold Shapiro and released in 1978. A prison, penitentiary, or correctional facility is a place in which individuals are physically confined or interned and usually deprived of a range of Hip hop music, also referred to as rap music, is a Music genre typically consisting of a rhythmic vocal style called rap which is accompanied with
The prison's distinctive architecture, with its large dome and imposing metal gates, has appeared in many films including Lock Up, Crazy Joe, Rounders, Malcolm X , He Got Game, The Hurricane, and Ocean's Eleven. Lock Up is a film detailing the last six months of the prison term of inmate Frank Leone (played by Sylvester Stallone) For the 1965 western comedy see The Rounders (1965 film. Rounders is a 1998 film about the underground world of Malcolm X is a 1992 Biographical film directed by Spike Lee about the African-American activist and Black nationalist He Got Game is a 1998 sports - drama Film written and directed by Spike Lee, and starring Denzel Washington and The Hurricane is a 1999 American Biographical film directed by Norman Jewison, and starring Denzel Washington. Ocean's Eleven is a 2001 Remake of the 1960 Rat Pack Caper film of the same name.
The prison is mentioned in the beginning of episode 104 of Arrested Development. Arrested Development is a character-driven American television Sitcom about a formerly wealthy habitually Dysfunctional family. George Bluth is concerned for his prison's softball team because they are "Playing Rahway next week. "
"Rahway Prison" is mentioned in the lyrics of the Traveling Wilburys 1988 song "Tweeter and the Monkey Man", and "Rahway State" is mentioned in the lyrics of the East River Pipe song "Where Does All The Money Go?". Traveling Wilburys was a supergroup consisting of George Harrison, Jeff Lynne, Roy Orbison, Tom Petty and Bob Dylan. " Tweeter and the Monkey Man " is a song by Rock music supergroup The Traveling Wilburys that first appeared on the 1988 album East River Pipe is the name under which Fred Cornog (aka FM Cornog records
The prison is mentioned in the Flavor of Love 3 episode, "Neverwed Game. Flavor of Love (Season 3 is the third season of Flavor of Love in which Flavor Flav brings female contestants into his mansion to compete for his love for one " Guest star Arsenio Hall comments on Flav's clothes, saying that Flav looks good in the color orange, as long as it does not say "Rahway" across the front. Arsenio Hall (born February 12 1955 in Cleveland Ohio) is an African-American Actor, Comedian, and former Talk show host
References
- ^ a b c d e f Cox, William, Lovell Bixby and William Root,"Handbook of American Prisons and Reformatories," Vol. 1, NY: The Osborne Assoc. , 1933
- ^ East Jersey State Prison, New Jersey Department of Corrections. The New Jersey Department of Corrections (NJDOC is responsible for operations and management of prison facilities in the U Accessed April 30, 2008. Events 313 - Roman emperor Licinius unifies the entire Eastern Roman Empire under his rule 2008 ( MMVIII) is the current year in accordance with the Gregorian calendar, a Leap year that started on Tuesday of the Common
- ^ What's in a name? Plenty if we're talking prison, Home News Tribune, February 15, 2001. Home News Tribune is a Newspaper of New Jersey, serving the Middlesex County area of Central Jersey. Events 590 - Khosrau II is crowned as king of Persia 1637 - Ferdinand III becomes Holy Roman Emperor Year 2001 ( MMI) was a Common year starting on Monday according to the Gregorian calendar.
- ^ a b c d e f White, K. , East Jersey State Prison Celebrates 100 Years, 1996, available from East Jersey State Prison
- ^ a b c East Jersey State Prison: Brief History, March 1995, available from East Jersey State Prison
- ^ a b c d Garret, Paul and Austin MacCormick, "Handbook of American Prison and Reformatories," NY: National Society of Penal Information, Inc. , 1929
- ^ Reilly,M. , "Locked In Time: East Jersey State Prison marks 100 years of changeing penal roles. The Star Ledger. The Star-Ledger is a Newspaper in the US state of New Jersey and is based in Newark. March 26, 1996. Events 1026 - Pope John XIX crowns Conrad II as Holy Roman Emperor. Year 1996 ( MCMXCVI) was a Leap year starting on Monday (link will display full 1996 Gregorian calendar)
- ^ Reilly,M. , "Locked In Time: East Jersey State Prison marks 100 years of changeing penal roles. The Star Ledger. March 26, 1996
- ^ "Riot at the big house", Home News Tribune, August 17, 2004. Home News Tribune is a Newspaper of New Jersey, serving the Middlesex County area of Central Jersey. Events 986 - A Byzantine army was destroyed in the pass of Trajan's Gate by the Bulgarians under the Comitopuli "MMIV" redirects here For the Modest Mouse album see " Baron von Bullshit Rides Again " Accessed August 6, 2007. Events 1538 - Bogotá, Colombia, is founded by Gonzalo Jiménez de Quesada. Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century.
- ^ Reilly, M. , 100 years inside (and outside) the walls. The Star Ledger. March 26, 1996
- ^ East Jersey State Prison: At A Glance, 20 page prison publication available on request from East Jersey State Prison, undated (accessed October 2007)
- ^ Raab, Selwyn. "UNUSUAL LEGAL MOVE FREED RUBIN CARTER, LAWYERS SAY", The New York Times, November 10, 1985. Events 1444 - Battle of Varna: The crusading forces of King Vladislaus III of Varna (aka Ulaszlo I of Hungary and Wladyslaw Year 1985 ( MCMLXXXV) was a Common year starting on Tuesday (link displays 1985 Gregorian calendar) Accessed November 11, 2007. Events 308 - The Congress of Carnuntum: Attempting to keep peace within the Roman Empire, the leaders of the Tetrarchy declare Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. "Mr. Carter had received two consecutive life terms, or a minimum of 30 years. Judge Sarokin ordered him released from Rahway State Prison without bail on Friday. "
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