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Unión Cívica Radical
 
 
Leader Gerardo Morales
 
Founded June 26, 1891
Headquarters Buenos Aires, Argentina
 
Ideology Radicalism, Social liberalism, Centrism
International affiliation Socialist International
Official colours Red, White
 
Website
www.ucr.org.ar

The Radical Civic Union (in Spanish, Unión Cívica Radical, UCR) is a political party in Argentina. Gerardo Rubén Morales (b 18 July 1959, San Salvador Department, Jujuy) is an Argentine politician leader of the Radical Events 363 - Roman Emperor Julian is killed during the retreat from the Sassanid Empire. Year 1891 ( MDCCCXCI) was a Common year starting on Thursday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common Buenos Aires is the Capital and largest city of Argentina. It is geographically located on the southern shore of the Río de la Plata, on the southeastern For a topic outline on this subject see List of basic Argentina topics. For opposition to all forms of government social hierarchy or authority see Anarchism. Social liberalism, also called new liberalism (as it was originally termed high liberalism radical liberalism, modern liberalism, or In Politics, centrism usually refers to the political ideal of promoting Moderate policies which land in the middle ground between different political extremes Socialist International is a worldwide organization of socialist ( social democratic and labour) political parties Red is any of a number of similar Colors evoked by light consisting predominantly of the longest wavelengths of Light discernible by the human eye in the wavelength White is a Color, the perception which is evoked by Light that stimulates all three types of color sensitive Cone cells in the Human eye A political party is a Political organization that seeks to attain and maintain political power within Government, usually by participating in electoral For a topic outline on this subject see List of basic Argentina topics. The party's positions on issues range from liberal to social democratic. Liberalism is a broad array of related ideas and theories of Government that consider individual Liberty to be the most important political goal Social democracy is a Political ideology of the left and centre-left The UCR is a member of the Socialist International. Socialist International is a worldwide organization of socialist ( social democratic and labour) political parties

The Unión Cívica Radical (UCR) is the oldest existing political party in Argentina. It was founded in 1891 by radical liberals and held power for 28 years. Year 1891 ( MDCCCXCI) was a Common year starting on Thursday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common Liberalism is a broad array of related ideas and theories of Government that consider individual Liberty to be the most important political goal For many years the party was either in opposition to Peronist governments or illegal during military rule. Peronism (Peronismo or Justicialism (Spanish Justicialismo) is an Argentine political movement based on the ideas and programs associated with [1]

Contents

History

The party was a spin-off of the Civic Union, which was led by Bartolomé Mitre and Leandro Alem The party unsuccessfully led an attempt to force the early departure of President Miguel Juárez Celman in the Revolution of the Park (Revolución del Parque). Bartolomé Mitre Martinez ( June 26 1821 &ndash January 19 1906) was an Argentine statesman military figure and Author Leandro Nicéforo Alem ( 11 March 1841  &ndash  1 July 1896) was an Argentine politician born in Buenos Aires, The Revolution of the Park was an uprising against the national government of Argentina that took place in 1890 and started with the takeover of the Buenos Aires Artillery Eventually a compromise was reached with Juárez Celman's government. Hard-liners who opposed this agreement founded the current UCR, led by Alem's nephew, the young and charismatic Hipólito Yrigoyen. Juan Hipólito del Sagrado Corazón de Jesús Irigoyen Alem ( July 12 1852 &ndash July 3 1933) was twice President of Argentina (from In 1893 and 1905 the party led unsuccessful revolutions to overthrow the government. With the introduction of free, fair and secret elections based on universal suffrage in 1912 the Party managed to win the general elections of 1916, when Hipólito Yrigoyen became president. Universal suffrage (also universal adult suffrage, general suffrage or common suffrage) consists of the extension of the right to vote to Year 1912 ( MCMXII) was a Leap year starting on Monday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Leap year starting Year 1916 ( MCMXVI) was a Leap year starting on Saturday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Leap year The Radical Civic Union remained in power during the next 14 years: Yrigoyen was succeded by Marcelo T. de Alvear in 1922 and by himself in 1928. The first coup in Argentina's modern history occurred on September 6, 1930 and ousted an aging Yrigoyen amid an economic crisis resulting from the United States' Great Depression.

From 1930 to 1958 the Radical Civic Union was confined to be the main opposition party, either to the Conservatives and the military during the 1930s and the early 1940s or to the Peronism during the late 1940s - early 1950s. It was only in 1958 when a faction of the party allied with banned peronists (the so called Intransigent Radical Civic Union) came back to power, led by Arturo Frondizi. Arturo Frondizi Ercoli ( October 28, 1908 - April 18, 1995) was the President of Argentina between 1 May The growing tollerance of Frondizi towards its peronist allies provoked unrest in the army, which ousted the president in March 1962. After a brief military government, presidential elections took place in 1963 with the Peronist Party banned (as in 1958). The outcome of the elections saw the candidate of the People's Radical Civic Union (the other party's faction) Arturo Illia coming in the first place but with only 25% of the votes (approximately 19% of the votes were blank due to the peronism's banning). Arturo Umberto Illia ( Pergamino Buenos Aires, August 4, 1900 - Córdoba, January 18 1983) was President of Argentina Although Argentina witnessed during Illia's presidency one of the best economic performances in its history, the president was ousted by the army in June 1966. Illia's peaceful and ordered style of governing - sometimes considered too "slow" and "boring" - was being heavily critized at the time.

During the 1970s peronist government (1973-1976), the Radical Civic Union was the second most voted party, but this didn't actually grant the party the role of being the political opposition. In fact, the peronist government's most important criticisms came from the same Peronist Party (now called Justicialist Party). The Justicialist Party ( Spanish: Partido Justicialista, PJ) is a Peronist political party in Argentina, and the largest component The UCR's leader in those times, Ricardo Balbín, saluted Peron's coffin (Perón had died on July 1, 1974, during his third mandate as president) with the famous sentence "This old adversary salutes a great friend", thus marking the end of the peronist-radical rivalry that had marked the pace of the Argentine political scene until then. Ricardo Balbín (born on July 19, 1904 in Buenos Aires - died September 9 1981) was an Argentine lawyer and politician The growing fight between left-wing and right-wing peronists took the country into chaos and many UCR members were targeted by both factions. The subsequent coup in 1976 ended the peronist experience and "disappeared" many members of the UCR party as well.

Between 1983 and 1989 its leader, Raúl Alfonsín, was the first democratically elected president after the military dictatorship headed by generals such as Jorge Videla, Leopoldo Galtieri and Reynaldo Bignone. Year 1983 ( MCMLXXXIII) was a Common year starting on Saturday (link displays the 1983 Gregorian calendar) Year 1989 ( MCMLXXXIX) was a Common year starting on Sunday (link displays 1989 Gregorian calendar) Raúl Ricardo Alfonsín Foulkes (born 13 March 1927 in Chascomús) is an Argentine politician who was the President of Argentina The President of Argentina (full title President of the Argentine Nation, Spanish: Presidente de la Nación Argentina) is the Head of state The National Reorganization Process (in Spanish, Proceso de Reorganización Nacional, often simply El Proceso) was the name used by its leaders Jorge Rafael Videla Redondo (born August 21, 1925 in Mercedes Buenos Aires) was the dictator and President of Argentina from 1976 to 1981 Leopoldo Fortunato Galtieri Castelli ( July 15, 1926 - January 12, 2003) was an Argentine general and President of Argentina Reynaldo Benito Antonio Bignone Ramayón (born January 21 1928) is a former Argentine general who served as President of the country from Alfonsín was succeeded by Carlos Menem of the Peronist Justicialist Party (PJ). Carlos Saúl Menem Akil (born July 2, 1930) was President of Argentina from July 8, 1989 to December 10, 1999 The Justicialist Party ( Spanish: Partido Justicialista, PJ) is a Peronist political party in Argentina, and the largest component

In 1997 the UCR participated in elections in coalition with Front for a Country in Solidarity (FREPASO), itself an alliance of many smaller parties. Year 1997 ( MCMXCVII) was a Common year starting on Wednesday (link will display full 1997 Gregorian calendar The Front for a Country in Solidarity ( Spanish: Frente por un País Solidario or FrePaSo) was a political party in Argentina. This strategy brought Fernando de la Rúa to the presidency in the 1999 elections. Fernando de la Rúa (born September 15 1937) is an Argentine politician Argentina held presidential and parliamentary elections on Sunday 24 October 1999. During major riots triggered by economic reforms implemented by the UCR government (with the advice of the International Monetary Fund), President de la Rúa resigned and fled the country to prevent further turmoil. The December 2001 riots were a period of civil unrest and rioting in Argentina, which took place during December 2001, with the most violent incidents The International Monetary Fund ( IMF) is an International organization that oversees the Global financial system by following the Macroeconomic After three consecutive acting presidents assumed duties in the following weeks, Eduardo Duhalde of the PJ took office until new elections could be held. Eduardo Alberto Duhalde (born 5 October 1941 is a former president of Argentina.

After the 2001 legislative elections it became the second largest party in the federal Chamber of Deputies, winning 71 of 257 seats. Argentina held national parliamentary elections on Sunday 14 October 2001. The Chamber of Deputies is the lower house of the National Congress, Argentina 's parliament It campaigned in an alliance with the smaller, more leftist FREPASO. The party has subsequently declined markedly and its candidate for President in 2003 gained just 2. 34% of the vote, beaten by three Peronists and more seriously, by two former radicals, Ricardo López Murphy of Recrear and Elisa Carrió of ARI, who have leached members, support and profile from the UCR. Ricardo Hipólito López Murphy ( Adrogué, BA, 10 August, 1951) is an Argentine economist and politician Recreate for Growth ( Spanish: Recrear para el Crecimiento, often just Recrear) is a liberal party of Argentina. Elisa María Avelina Carrió (born 1956 is an Argentine politician founder of the party initially known as Alternative for a Republic of Equals ( Alternativa para una República Support for an Egalitarian Republic ( Spanish: Afirmación para una República Igualitaria, ARI) also known as Alternative for a Republic of Equals In the 2005 legislative elections, the UCR was reduced to 35 deputies and 13 senators, but remains the second force in Argentine politics. Argentina held national parliamentary elections on Sunday 23 October, 2005.

Current status

In recent years the UCR has been riven by an internal dispute between those who support the broadly left-wing policies of Peronist President Cristina Fernández de Kirchner and her husband and predecessor Nestor Kirchner, and those who wish to oppose their governments. Cristina Elisabet Fernández de Kirchner (born February 19 1953) commonly known as Cristina Fernández or Cristina Kirchner, is an Argentine Néstor Carlos Kirchner Ostoić (born February 25, 1950) was the President of Argentina from May 25, 2003 until December An influential faction led by five provincial governors nicknamed the Radicales K back the Kirchners.

Ahead of the 2007 election, the remaining Radicals divided between those who wanted to find an internal candidate and those who wanted to back a candidate from another movement, mostly former Economy Minister Roberto Lavagna, supported by former president Raúl Alfonsín. Roberto Lavagna ( Buenos Aires, 24 March 1942) is an Argentine economist and politician and was the former Minister of Economy and Production

In May 2005, the National Committee of the UCR, then led by Ángel Rozas, intervened (suspended of authorities of) the Provincial Committee of the UCR in Tierra del Fuego Province after Radical governor Jorge Colazo spoke in favour of Kirchner's reelection. May 2005 was the fifth month of that year It began on a Sunday and ended after 31 days on a Tuesday. Ángel Rozas (born 22 March 1950) is an Argentine politician He is a member of the Radical Civic Union (UCR and has been de facto leader of Tierra del Fuego (officially Provincia de Tierra del Fuego Antártida e Islas del Atlántico Sur) is an Argentine Province entirely separated from (Mario Jorge Colazo, "El Potro" (b 4 March 1954 Río Tercero, Córdoba Province) is an Argentine Radical Civic Union (UCR politician The intervention was rejected by the Provincial Committee. [2]

A party convention held in Rosario in August 2006 officially rejected the possibility of alliances with Kirchner's faction of Justicialism and granted former Party President Roberto Iglesias the permission to negotiate with other political forces. August 2006 was a month with thirty-one days On August 10, an alleged plot to detonate ten Airliners over the Atlantic Ocean was revealed to Roberto Raúl Iglesias (born 1951 is an Argentine Radical Civic Union (UCR politician a former leader of the party and formerly a deputy and governor of This led to several months of talks with Lavagna. [3]

The continued dissidence of the Radicales K prompted the intervention of the UCR Provincial Committee of Mendoza on 1 November 2006, due to the public support of President Kirchner by Mendoza's governor, the Radical Julio Cobos. Mendoza is one of the 23 provinces of Argentina, located in the western central part of the country in the Cuyo region Events 996 - Emperor Otto III issues a deed to Gottschalk Bishop of Freising which is the oldest known document using the name Ostarrîchi Year 2006 ( MMVI) was a Common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. Julio César Cleto Cobos (born Mendoza Argentina, 30 April 1955) is an Argentine politician formerly of the Radical Civic Union The measure was short-lived, as the Mendoza Province Electoral Justice overturned it three days later. Deputy and UCR National Committee Secretary General Margarita Stolbizer stated that the party is virtually "broken due to the stance of the leaders who support the alliance [with Kirchner]". [4] [5]

Roberto Iglesias eventually resigned the presidency of the party in November 2006 due to differences with Lavagna, having reached the conclusion that an alliance with him would be a mistake, and joined Stolbizer's camp, maintaining that the party should look for its own candidate (the so-called Radicales R). [6] On 1 December 2006 the National Committee appointed Jujuy Province Senator Gerardo Morales as its new president. Events 800 - Charlemagne judges the accusations against Pope Leo III in the Vatican Year 2006 ( MMVI) was a Common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. Jujuy is a province of Argentina, located in the extreme northwest of the country at the borders with Chile and Bolivia. Gerardo Rubén Morales (b 18 July 1959, San Salvador Department, Jujuy) is an Argentine politician leader of the Radical Morales stated that he wanted to follow the mandate of the Rosario convention (that is, looking for a possible alliance with Roberto Lavagna). [7]

Morales went on to become Lavagna's running mate in the presidential election of October 2007, coming third. Argentina held national presidential and legislative elections on 28 October 2007. Although this campaign represented the mainstream of the national UCR leadership, substantial elements backed other candidates, notably the Radicales K. Cobos was elected Vice President as the running mate of Cristina Fernández de Kirchner and several Radicals were elected to Congress as part of the Kirchners' Front for Victory faction. The Front for Victory ( Spanish: Frente para la Victoria, FPV) is a leftist political front and electoral alliance in Argentina The official UCR ranks in Congress were reduced to 30 in the Argentine Chamber of Deputies and 10 in the Argentine Senate. The Chamber of Deputies is the lower house of the National Congress, Argentina 's parliament The Argentine Senate is the upper house of parliament in Argentina.

Provincial factions

The UCR has become fragmented politically and geographically. Besides the interventions in Tierra del Fuego and Mendoza, already in September 2006 the party leaders had admitted that they reviewing requests of intervention against the provincial committees of Río Negro and Santiago del Estero. Río Negro is a province of Argentina, located at the northern edge of Patagonia. Santiago del Estero is a province of Argentina, located in the north of the country

In Santa Fe, the UCR has teamed up with the Socialist Party to support Socialist candidate for governor Hermes Binner, in exchange for the vice-governorship. Santa Fe is a province of Argentina, located in the center-east of the country The Socialist Party ( Partido Socialista) is a social-democratic Political party in Argentina. Hermes Juan Binner (b 5 June 1943 in Rafaela, province of Santa Fe) is an Argentine medical doctor and a politician Binner has ignored the candidate proposed by the UCR's leadership and is courting the UCR's bases and municipal governments. The UCR is currently debating whether to break the alliance or submit to the Socialists' requirements that the vice-governor be from Santa Fe City and (if possible) a woman. Santa Fe is the capital city of province of Santa Fe, Argentina. [8]

Leaders of the UCR

The Party is headed by a National Committee; its President is the de facto leader of the party. A national convention brings together representatives of the provincial parties and affiliated organisations such as Franja Morada and Radical Youth, and is itself represented on the National Committee.

Presidents of the National Committee

See also

External links

References

  1. ^ "Radical Civic Union. Arturo Frondizi Ercoli ( October 28, 1908 - April 18, 1995) was the President of Argentina between 1 May Ricardo Balbín (born on July 19, 1904 in Buenos Aires - died September 9 1981) was an Argentine lawyer and politician Raúl Ricardo Alfonsín Foulkes (born 13 March 1927 in Chascomús) is an Argentine politician who was the President of Argentina Raúl Ricardo Alfonsín Foulkes (born 13 March 1927 in Chascomús) is an Argentine politician who was the President of Argentina Rodolfo Terragno (born November 16, 1943 in Buenos Aires, Argentina) is a former Argentine Senator, lawyer and former journalist Fernando de la Rúa (born September 15 1937) is an Argentine politician Raúl Ricardo Alfonsín Foulkes (born 13 March 1927 in Chascomús) is an Argentine politician who was the President of Argentina Ángel Rozas (born 22 March 1950) is an Argentine politician He is a member of the Radical Civic Union (UCR and has been de facto leader of Roberto Raúl Iglesias (born 1951 is an Argentine Radical Civic Union (UCR politician a former leader of the party and formerly a deputy and governor of Gerardo Rubén Morales (b 18 July 1959, San Salvador Department, Jujuy) is an Argentine politician leader of the Radical This article gives information on liberalism in diverse countries around the world This article gives an overview of liberal and radical parties in Argentina. This article is about the History of Argentina. See also History of South America, History of Latin America, History of the Americas, and This article is about the political institutions and political parties of Argentina. " Encyclopædia Britannica. 2006. Encyclopædia Britannica Online. 14 Nov. 2006 <http://www.britannica.com/eb/article-9389399>.
  2. ^ Clarín, 8 May 2005. UCR: Colazo zafó de la intervención.
  3. ^ La Capital, 27 August 2006. Los radicales se marcharon de Rosario con el corazón partido.
  4. ^ Clarín, 1 November 2006. La UCR intervino el partido en Mendoza por "desacato".
  5. ^ Página/12, 5 November 2006. Los radicales K tienen hoy su congreso propio.
  6. ^ Clarín, 14 November 2006. Se agrandan las divisiones internas en la UCR: renunció el titular del partido.
  7. ^ Clarín, 1 December 2006. Morales quedó al frente de la UCR y crecen las posibilidades de un acercamiento a Lavagna.
  8. ^ Rosario/12, 3 November 2006. "Lo más importante es pensar en gobernar".


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