Quartzite (from German Quarzit[1]), not to be confused with the mineral quartz, is a hard, metamorphic rock which was originally sandstone. The German language (de ''Deutsch'') is a West Germanic language and one of the world's major languages. A mineral is a naturally occurring substance formed through geological processes that has a characteristic chemical composition a highly ordered atomic structure and specific Quartz (from German) is the most abundant Mineral in the Earth 's Continental crust (although Feldspar is more common in Metamorphic rock is the result of the transformation of an existing rock type the protolith, in a process called Metamorphism, which means "change Sandstone is a Sedimentary rock composed mainly of Sand -size Mineral or rock grains. [2] Sandstone is converted into quartzite through heating and pressure usually related to tectonic compression within orogenic belts. This article discusses the geologic usage for the philosophical or architectural usage see Architectonics ' Or see Plate tectonics. Orogeny (Greek for "mountain generating" is the process of natural Mountain building and may be studied as a tectonic structural event as a geographical event and Pure quartzite is usually white to grey. Quartzites often occur in various shades of pink and red due to varying amounts of iron oxide. Other colors are commonly due to impurities of minor amounts of other minerals.
In true metamorphic quartzite, also called meta-quartzite, the individual quartz grains have recrystallized along with the former cementing material to form an interlocking mosaic of quartz crystals. Quartz (from German) is the most abundant Mineral in the Earth 's Continental crust (although Feldspar is more common in Minor amounts of former cementing materials, iron oxide, carbonate and clay, are often recrystallized and have migrated under the pressure to form streaks and lenses within the quartzite. Virtually all original textures and structure have usually been erased by the metamorphism. Metamorphism can be defined as the solid state recrystallisation of pre-existing rocks due to changes in heat and/or pressure and/or introduction of fluids i
Orthoquartzite is a very pure quartz sandstone composed of usually well rounded quartz grains cemented by silica. Quartz (from German) is the most abundant Mineral in the Earth 's Continental crust (although Feldspar is more common in The Chemical compound silicon dioxide, also known as silica or silox (from the Latin " Silex " is an Oxide Orthoquartzite is often 99% SiO2 with only very minor amounts of iron oxide and trace resistant minerals such as zircon, rutile and magnetite. Zircon is a Mineral belonging to the group of nesosilicates. Its chemical name is Zirconium silicate and its corresponding chemical formula is Rutile is a Mineral composed primarily of Titanium dioxide, Ti[[oxygen O]]2 Magnetite is not to be confused with Magnesite or Maghemite. Magnetite is a ferrimagnetic Mineral with chemical Although few fossils are normally present the original texture and sedimentary structures are preserved. FOSSIL is a standard protocol for allowing serial communication for Telecommunications programs under the DOS Operating system. Sedimentary rock is one of the three main rock types (the others being igneous and Metamorphic rock)
Quartzite is very resistant to chemical weathering and often forms ridges and resistant hilltops. Weathering is the decomposition of earth rocks, Soils and their Minerals through direct contact with the planet's Atmosphere. The nearly pure silica content of the rock provides little to form soil from and therefore the quartzite ridges are often bare or covered only with a very thin soil and little vegetation. Soil, often typeset as SOiL, is a four piece rock band from Chicago Illinois United States founded by Shaun Glass Tom Schofield Tim King and Adam Zadel
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Uses
Because of its hardness, about 7 on Mohs' scale of mineral hardness,[3] crushed quartzite is often used as railway ballast. The Mohs scale of mineral hardness characterizes the scratch resistance of various Minerals through the ability of a harder material to scratch a softer material Track ballast forms the trackbed upon which Railroad ties (US or railway sleepers (UK are laid [2]
Occurrences
In the United States, formations of quartzite can be found in eastern South Dakota, Central Texas,[4] southwest Minnesota,[5] Devil's Lake State Park in the Baraboo Hills in Wisconsin,[6] the Wasatch Range in Utah,[7] near Salt Lake City, Utah and as resistant ridges in the Appalachians[8] and other mountain regions. South Dakota ( is a state located in the Midwestern region of the United States of America. Central Texas (a part of which is Texas Hill Country) is a region (and a physiographic section as it pertains to geography in the U Minnesota ( Native Americans demonstrated the name to early settlers This is about the state park in Wisconsin For parks with similar names see Devil's Lake State Park (disambiguation Devil's Lake State Park Baraboo Range is the usual name for a Monadnock located in Columbia and Sauk Counties, Wisconsin. Wisconsin ( or wɪˈskɑnsɨn (French Ouisconsin) is one of the fifty United States of America, located in the north central part of the United States The Wasatch Range is a Mountain range that stretches about from the Utah- Idaho border south through central Utah in the western United States The State of Utah (ˈjuːtɔː or) is a western state of the United States. The Appalachian Mountains ( often called the Appalachians, are a vast system of mountains in eastern North America. Quartzite is also found in the Morenci Copper Mine in Arizona. The State of Arizona ( is a state located in the southwestern region of the United States. [9] The town of Quartzsite in western Arizona derives its name from the quartzites in the nearby mountains. Quartzsite is a town in La Paz County, Arizona, United States. The State of Arizona ( is a state located in the southwestern region of the United States.
The La Cloche Mountains in Ontario are also composed primarily of white quartzite. The La Cloche Mountains are a range of hills in Northern Ontario, along the northern shore of Lake Huron near Manitoulin Island. Ontario (ɒnˈtɛrioʊ is a province located in the central part of Canada, the largest by population and second largest after Quebec
References
- ^ German Loan Words in English
- ^ a b Sabel, L. and Haverstock M. "QUARTZITE: Versatile, Durable & Resilient", Building Stone Magazine, October/November/December 2005
- ^ Schmidt, C. W. . "From Heaven and Earth: Chinese Jade in Context: Introductions", Huntington Archive of Buddhist and Related Art, College of the Arts, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA, March 23, 1999
- ^ http://www.state.sd.us/DENR/DES/Mining/2002stat.pdf
- ^ Natural history - Minnesota's geology - SNAs: Minnesota DNR
- ^ Geology by Lightplane
- ^ John W Gottman, Wasatch quartzite: A guide to climbing in the Wasatch Mountains, Wasatch Mountain Club (1979) ISBN 0915272237
- ^ Quartzite
- ^ Kennedy, B. Events 1174 - Jocelin, Abbot of Melrose, is elected Bishop of Glasgow. Year 1999 ( MCMXCIX) was a Common year starting on Friday (link will display full 1999 Gregorian calendar) A. (ed. ). Surface Mining, Chapter 9.4: Case Studies: Morenci/Metcalf Society for Mining, Metallurgy, and Exploration, Undated Accessed May 28, 2007
External links
- R. V. Dietrich's GemRocks: Quartzite
- CSU Pomona Geology: Quartzite
- Cowen's "The First Geologists" (chapter on Stone Age/Homo habilis use of quartzite)
- Minnesota Department of Natural Resources : Natural History: Minnesota's geology
- Wisconsin's Baraboo Syncline (map and aerial photos of Baraboo quartzite quarries)
- South Dakota 2002 Mineral Summary: Production, Exploration and Environmental Issues (including 2002 quartzite production)
- Big Sioux River: History of Sioux Falls and Quartzite Photos
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