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For the film based on this album, see Quadrophenia (film). Quadrophenia is a 1979 British Film based on the 1973 Rock opera album Quadrophenia by The Who.
Quadrophenia
Quadrophenia cover
Studio album by The Who
Released 19 October 1973
Recorded May 1972 and June 1973 at Olympic Studios and "The Kitchen" in Battersea, London
Genre Rock
Length 81:35
Label Track, Polydor (UK)
Track/MCA, MCA (U. A studio album is an original collection of new tracks by a recording artist The Who are an English rock band formed in 1964. The primary lineup consisted of guitarist Pete Townshend Events 202 BCE - The Battle of Zama results in the defeat of Carthage and Hannibal. Year 1973 ( MCMLXXIII) was a Common year starting on Monday (link will display full calendar of the 1973 Gregorian calendar. Olympic Studios is a commercial Recording studio located at 117 Church Road in the south-western suburb of Barnes in London, England. The Kitchen is a non-profit multi-disciplinary art space in New York. Battersea is a place in the London Borough of Wandsworth. It is an inner-city district located 2 London ( ˈlʌndən is the capital and largest urban area in the United Kingdom. A music genre is a categorical and typological construct that identifies musical sounds as belonging to a particular category and type of music that can be distinguished from other Rock music is a genre of Popular music often though not necessarily employing Electric guitar, Bass guitar, and Drums. In the Music industry, a record label can be a Brand and a Trademark associated with the Marketing of music recordings and Music Track Records was an "Independent" Record label founded in 1967 by Kit Lambert, Chris Stamp (managers of The Who) and Pete Polydor Records is a Record label currently headquartered in the UK, and is a subsidiary of Universal Music Group. Track Records was an "Independent" Record label founded in 1967 by Kit Lambert, Chris Stamp (managers of The Who) and Pete MCA Records was an American -based record company owned by MCA Inc MCA Records was an American -based record company owned by MCA Inc S. )
Producer The Who, Kit Lambert, and Glyn Johns
Professional reviews
The Who chronology
Meaty Beaty Big and Bouncy
(1971)		 Quadrophenia
(1973)		 Odds and Sods
(1974)

Quadrophenia is the sixth album by the English rock band The Who. In the Music industry, a record producer or music producer has many roles among them controlling the recording sessions coaching and guiding the musicians organizing Christopher "Kit" Sebastian Lambert ( 11 May, 1935 &ndash 7 April, 1981) was a Record producer and the Manager Glyn Johns (born February 15, 1942 in Epsom, Surrey, England) is a musician recording engineer and Record producer allmusic (previously All Music Guide) is a Metadata database about music owned by All Media Guide. PopMatters is an international Webzine of cultural criticism Its scope is broadly cast on all things pop culture Rolling Stone is a United States -based Magazine devoted to Music, Politics, and Popular culture that is published The Who are an English rock band formed in 1964. The primary lineup consisted of guitarist Pete Townshend Meaty Beaty Big and Bouncy is a Compilation album by British rock band The Who. Odds & Sods is an Album by British rock band The Who. In the Autumn of 1973 while Roger Daltrey, England is a Country which is part of the United Kingdom. Its inhabitants account for more than 83% of the total UK population whilst its mainland Rock music is a genre of Popular music often though not necessarily employing Electric guitar, Bass guitar, and Drums. The Who are an English rock band formed in 1964. The primary lineup consisted of guitarist Pete Townshend Released on 19 October 1973, Quadrophenia is a double album, and the group's second rock opera. Events 202 BCE - The Battle of Zama results in the defeat of Carthage and Hannibal. Year 1973 ( MCMLXXIII) was a Common year starting on Monday (link will display full calendar of the 1973 Gregorian calendar. A double album is an audio Album which spans two units of the primary medium in which it is sold (especially records and Compact Discs. Rock operas, Concept albums Song cycles and Oratorios all differ from a conventional rock album which usually includes songs that are unrelated to each Its story involves social, musical, and psychological happenings from an English teenage perspective, set in London and Brighton in 1964 and 1965. London ( ˈlʌndən is the capital and largest urban area in the United Kingdom. Brighton ( is a town on the south coast of England and with its neighbour Hove, forms the city of Brighton and Hove.

The name is a variation on the incorrect popular usage of the medical diagnostic term schizophrenia as multiple personality disorder to reflect the four distinct personalities of Jimmy, the opera's protagonist--each said to represent the personality of one member of The Who. Schizophrenia ( from the Greek roots schizein (σχίζειν "to split" and phrēn Dissociative Identity Disorder ( DID) as defined by the American Psychiatric Association 's Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM The Who are an English rock band formed in 1964. The primary lineup consisted of guitarist Pete Townshend It was also tied in to the Quadraphonic sound schemes then being introduced. Quadraphonic (or quadrophonic) sound &ndash the most-widely-used early term for what is now called 4

Contents

History

Quadrophenia was originally released as a two-LP set with a butterfly jacket and a thick booklet containing lyrics, a text version of the story, and photographs illustrating the tale. A gramophone Lyrics (in singular form Lyric) are a set of words that accompany music either by speaking or singing A photograph (often shortened to photo) is an Image created by Light falling on a light-sensitive surface usually Photographic film or an electronic MCA Records re-released it as a two-CD set in 1985 with the lyrics and text story line on a thin fold-up sheet but none of the photographs. MCA Records was an American -based record company owned by MCA Inc A Compact Disc (also known as a CD) is an Optical disc used to store digital data, originally developed for storing digital audio The remastered CDs of 1996 include the full original booklet in miniature. Mastering, a form of audio Post-production, is the process of preparing and transferring recorded audio from a source containing the final mix to a Data storage device

In the liner notes to the remastered Odds and Sods Townshend revealed that Quadrophenia evolved from an idea for a self-indulgent autobiography of the band (which was allegedly to have been titled Rock Is Dead--Long Live Rock). Odds & Sods is an Album by British rock band The Who. In the Autumn of 1973 while Roger Daltrey, Rock Is Dead—Long Live Rock was the title of an unreleased 1972 autobiographical album by the British rock band The Who. Two of the opera's tracks date from 1972 ("Is It In My Head?" and "Love Reign O'er Me"), a year that also produced The Who's singles "Join Together", "Relay" and "Long Live Rock" (the latter not actually released until 1974). However, by the time Quadrophenia was released, the band's role in the story was only symbolic, via Jimmy's four personalities.

Quadrophenia reached #2 on the U. S. Billboard album chart (kept from #1 by then-US labelmate Elton John with his Goodbye Yellow Brick Road album and was the highest position of any Who album in the US as they would not ever hit #1 on the US album charts). Sir Elton Hercules John CBE (born Reginald Kenneth Dwight on 25 March 1947 is an English pop / rock Singer, Composer Goodbye Yellow Brick Road is the seventh Studio album by British Singer/songwriter Elton John, released in 1973

The band views the tour in support of the album as disastrous. Performances were plagued by malfunctioning sound effects tapes. Once the tapes started, the band had to play to them. The band felt constrained in playing to these recordings, preferring a more free-form attitude.

On the first night of the U. S. leg at the Cow Palace in San Francisco, California, drummer Keith Moon collapsed onstage. The Cow Palace (originally known as the California State Livestock Pavilion) is an indoor arena in Daly City California, situated on the border of Keith John Moon ( August 23, 1946 &ndash September 7, 1978) was the Drummer of the rock group The Who. Scott Halpin, an audience member, was brought on to finish the show. Thomas Scot Halpin ( February 3, 1954 – February 9, 2008) was an artist and musician noted for sitting in for The Who 's Keith

Pete Townshend now looks back on the album with great praise. "The music is the best music that I've ever written, I think and it's the best album that I will ever write. " [1]

Story

The story covers about five days of the life of a certain Jimmy, a participant in the circa 1964 Mod lifestyle in England. Mod (originally modernist, sometimes capitalised is a Subculture that originated in London in the late 1950s and peaked in the early to mid 1960s England is a Country which is part of the United Kingdom. Its inhabitants account for more than 83% of the total UK population whilst its mainland "The story is set on a rock!" announced the composer, Pete Townsend, at one live performance, indicating that the opera represents Jimmy's looking back at the events of the previous day or two that led him into the gloomy situation where he finds himself at the end of the story. The narrative is difficult to derive from the lyrics alone, but becomes clearer with the benefit of a short story (also written by Townshend) related from Jimmy's first person perspective, that is included in the album's booklet. The short story is a literary genre of Fictional Prose Narrative that tends to be more concise and to the point than longer works of fiction such See also First person First-person narrative is a Narrative mode in which a Story is narrated by one character, who explicitly

The first half of the opera consists of songs that allude to the frustrations and insecurities that govern Jimmy's life, including brief glimpses of his home life, his job, his psychoanalyst, and his unsuccessful attempts to have a social life. Halfway through the opera he sings "I've Had Enough", finds himself kicked out of his home when his parents find his box of 'blues' (blue pills of some unnamed drug, possibly amphetamine) ("Cut My Hair"). Amphetamine, and related drugs such as Methamphetamine are a group of drugs that act by increasing levels of Norepinephrine, Serotonin, and Dopamine Distraught and with nothing better to do, Jimmy takes a large dose of blues and takes a train ride to the coast ("5:15", the time when the train departs. ) During his stay near the beach in Brighton, he encounters the former "Ace Face", the leader of a group of Mods, whom he admires greatly. However, "Ace Face" now works as a bell boy at a nearby hotel. Ironically, this is the very same hotel Ace Face had smashed the windows of two years before. This display of masculine bravado had earned him the admiration of many of his fellow Mods two days before during Jimmy's first stay in Brighton. Jimmy is disgusted to learn that the person he had admired as a Mod had "sold out".

At this point, Jimmy is inconsolable. Everybody from his parents to his girlfriend had disappointed him before, but he had never expected the Mod lifestyle to let him down. Drunk and depressed, he steals the now former Ace Face's scooter from the front of the Brighton hotel where he is employed, takes it out to a barren rock protruding from the sea, and crashes psychologically. With nothing left to live for, he finds redemption in the pouring rain("Love, Reign o'er Me". " Love Reign o'er Me " is a song by the English rock band The Who, released on October 23 1973 as the second single from the band's sixth studio album and second rock )

Musical structure

Each of Jimmy's four personalities is supposed to be associated with one of the four musicians in The Who. The liner notes illustrate this concept as follows (names added):

In addition to describing a personality/band member, the four descriptions refer to four theme songs that portray Jimmy's personalities in the opera: "Helpless Dancer", "Is It Me?", "Bell Boy", and "Love Reign O'er Me". Peter Dennis Blandford Townshend (born 19 May 1945 in Chiswick, London) is an English rock Guitarist, Singer, The four musical themes (or "leitmotifs" as described by Townshend) are mixed together in both the title track (bridging "The Real Me" and "Cut My Hair"), and the penultimate track, "The Rock," (bridging "Doctor Jimmy" and "Love, Reign O'er Me"). The two pieces were the most musically complex pieces that Townshend ever wrote for The Who, combining all four themes into two six-minute musical medleys. The two pieces have neither a definite beginning or end, as they begin with a fade-in from the previous track, starting with the theme of "Bell Boy" (Moon's theme). This is followed by the themes of "Is It Me" (Entwistle's Theme), "Helpless Dancer" (Daltrey's theme), and "Love, Reign O'er Me" (Townshend's theme). "Quadrophenia" fades into rain sound effects after the "Love Reign O'er Me" theme. "The Rock" however ends with a combination of the four different themes, using the "Bell Boy" theme as the chord sequence, the "Helpless Dancer" theme as the melody, the "Is It Me?" theme as a lead (played on guitar and synthesizer), and the piano part to "Love Reign O'er Me" as a countermelody. The whole song abruptly ends on a downbeat layered with the sound of thunder and descends into "Love Reign O'er Me" proper.

The four themes also surface on many other songs throughout the album; the most subtle example being when the "Helpless Dancer" theme appears on "Bell Boy" (the main song) played on synthesizer as a brief interlude. Some themes from other songs also make "surprise" reappearances here and there. These leitmotifs help giving the work an impression of a cohesive unity. A leitmotif (ˌlaɪtmoʊˈtiːf (also leitmotiv; lit "leading motif" is a recurring Musical theme, associated with a particular person place

Critical reaction and impact

In 2000 Q magazine placed Quadrophenia at number 56 in its list of the 100 Greatest British Albums Ever. Q is a Music Magazine published monthly in the United Kingdom, with a circulation of 130179 as of June 2007 In 2001, the TV network VH1 named it the 86th greatest album of all time. A television network is a distribution network for Television content whereby a central operation provides programming for many Television stations VH1 (known as VH-1 Video Hits One from 1985 to 1994 and VH1 Music First until 2003) is an American Cable television In 2003, the album was ranked number 266 on Rolling Stone magazine's list of the 500 greatest albums of all time. Rolling Stone is a United States -based Magazine devoted to Music, Politics, and Popular culture that is published IGN placed Quadrophenia at number 1 in their list of the greatest classic rock albums of all time. [1]

Subsequent productions

In 1979 the film Quadrophenia was released, with three additional songs written by Pete Townshend (see Quadrophenia (soundtrack)). Quadrophenia is a 1979 British Film based on the 1973 Rock opera album Quadrophenia by The Who. Quadrophenia is the soundtrack album to the 1979 film Quadrophenia with original music by The Who. While the film was an accurate visual interpretation of Townshend's vision of Jimmy and his surroundings, the inspired casting of a very young Sting as the Ace Face remains one of the most memorable moments of the film. Gordon Matthew Thomas Sumner, CBE (born October 2, 1951) better known by his Stage name Sting, is a three time Academy Award In the film, the music was largely relegated to the background, and was not performed by the cast as if a rock opera.

In summer 1996, The Who, with a large backing group featuring among others Zak Starkey on drums (his first appearance as The Who's drummer), Geoff Whitehorn and Simon Townshend on electric guitar (the former played lead guitar on almost all of the songs) and keyboardists Jon Carin and John "Rabbit" Bundrick, performed Quadrophenia in its entirety for the first time in many years in London's Hyde Park, with guest performers Phil Daniels as the Narrator/Jimmy, Gary Glitter as The Rocker, Adrian Edmonson as the Ace Face/Bellboy, Stephen Fry as the hotel manager (screaming, "Bellboy!"), Trevor McDonald as the newsreader and Pink Floyd's David Gilmour as the bus driver. Zak Starkey (born 13 September 1965 is an English Drummer, well-known as the first-born child of The Beatles drummer Ringo Starr (whose real name Geoffrey Charles 'Geoff' Whitehorn (born 29 August 1951, London, England) is a Guitarist and Singer-songwriter. Simon Townshend (born October 10, 1960) is a British guitarist singer and songwriter Jon Carin (born October 21 1964, in New York New York) is a producer, Artist and Musician best known for his association John Douglas "Rabbit" Bundrick (born November 21, 1948) is a prominent American-born rock Keyboardist, Pianist, and Philip Daniels (born 25 October 1958 in Islington, London) is an English actor most noted for film roles as Jimmy in Quadrophenia Paul Francis Gadd (born 8 May 1944 is an English Glam rock Singer and Songwriter, and is better known by his Stage name Gary Adrian Charles "Ade" Edmondson (born 24 January 1957 is an English Actor, Comedian, director and Writer Stephen John Fry (born 24 August 1957 is an English Humorist, Writer, Wit, Actor, Novelist, filmmaker Sir Trevor McDonald OBE (born George McDonald on 16 August 1939 is a Trinidadian -born British Journalist and Television presenter Pink Floyd are David Jon Gilmour CBE (born 6 March 1946 is an English Musician, best known as the Lead guitarist one of the lead Singers Gilmour also played additional lead guitar for that first performance – he sang and played lead guitar on The Dirty Jobs, plus performed lead guitar on Sea and Sand, Dr. Jimmy, The Rock, Love, Reign O'er Me and 5:15 (Reprise). For the subsequent extensive tour of the UK and the U.S., Daniels was replaced and Gilmour's role was taken over by Simon Townshend. The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, commonly known as the United Kingdom, the UK or Britain,is a Sovereign state located The United States of America —commonly referred to as the Simon Townshend (born October 10, 1960) is a British guitarist singer and songwriter Gary Glitter and P.J. Proby (subsequently) made guest appearances as The Godfather, and Billy Idol also guested as the Ace Face/Bellboy, also subsequently being replaced. Paul Francis Gadd (born 8 May 1944 is an English Glam rock Singer and Songwriter, and is better known by his Stage name Gary P J Proby (born James Marcus Smith, 6 November 1938, Houston, Texas, United States) is a Singer, Billy Idol (born William Michael Albert Broad, 30 November 1955, Stanmore, Middlesex) is an English rock

In 2005, A live performance of Quadrophenia from The Who's late 1996/early tour was included in a 3-disc DVD box set released by Rhino Entertainment, also featuring a live performance of Tommy from 1989 as well as other hit songs performed live. Pete Townshend and Roger Daltrey provided special commentary, and an interview with Billy Idol was also included. Billy Idol (born William Michael Albert Broad, 30 November 1955, Stanmore, Middlesex) is an English rock

The album was covered in its entirety by Phish on October 31, 1995 as part of the band's "Halloween musical costume extravaganzas", which was later released as Live Phish Volume 14. Phish is an American Jam band noted for their Musical improvisation, extended Jam sessions and cult following Events 445 BC – Ezra reads the Book of the Law to the Israelites in Jerusalem (see Nehemiah 91 NLTse Year 1995 ( MCMXCV) was a Common year starting on Sunday. Events of 1995 Halloween, or Hallowe’en, is a Holiday celebrated on the night of October 31. Musical costume is a term for the band Phish 's elaborate Halloween concerts that involved the band performing an entire album by another artist and including it as Live Phish Vol 14 was recorded live at the Rosemont Horizon (now the Allstate Arena in Rosemont Illinois, near Chicago Illinois, on The jam band also covered the track "Drowned" on their live album New Year's Eve 1995 - Live at Madison Square Garden. Phish New Year's Eve 1995 - Live at Madison Square Garden is a live recording by the Jam band Phish, released in 2005.

In November 2005, Luna C Productions staged a theatrical version of Quadrophenia in Los Angeles, starring Stephen Shareaux as Jimmy. Additional performances occurred in March and November 2006. [2]

In February 2007, students from the Royal Welsh College of Music & Drama staged "the first independent theatrical production (of Quadrophenia) blessed by Pete Townshend" at the Sherman Theatre in Cardiff, Wales. The Sherman Theatre is a performing arts venue in the Cathays district of Cardiff. Cardiff ( 'kɑːdɪf) is the Capital and the largest city and county in Wales. [3]

During the Behind The Laughter episode of The Simpsons, the cover of the Krustophenia record is a parody of Quadrophenia. " Behind the Laughter " is the 22nd episode of The Simpsons' eleventh season.

Track listing

All songs written by Pete Townshend. Peter Dennis Blandford Townshend (born 19 May 1945 in Chiswick, London) is an English rock Guitarist, Singer,

Side one

  1. "I Am the Sea" – 2:08
  2. "The Real Me" – 3:20
  3. "Quadrophenia" – 6:15
  4. "Cut My Hair" – 3:46
  5. "The Punk and the Godfather"[4] – 5:10

Side two

  1. "I'm One" – 2:39
  2. "The Dirty Jobs" – 4:30
  3. "Helpless Dancer" – 2:32
  4. "Is It in My Head" – 3:46
  5. "I've Had Enough" – 6:14

Side three

  1. "5:15" – 5:00
  2. "Sea and Sand" – 5:01
  3. "Drowned" – 5:28
  4. "Bell Boy" – 4:56

Side four

  1. "Doctor Jimmy" – 8:42
  2. "The Rock" – 6:37
  3. "Love, Reign O'er Me" – 5:48

The soundtrack album

Main article: Quadrophenia (soundtrack)

Personnel

Charts

Album

Year Chart Position
1973 Billboard Pop Albums 2
1973 UK Chart Album 2

Singles

Year Single Chart Position
1973 "Love, Reign O'er Me" Billboard Pop Singles 76
1974 "The Real Me" Billboard Pop Singles 92
1973 "5:15" UK Singles Chart 20
1979 "5:15" Billboard Pop Singles 45

Certifications

Organization Level Date
RIAA – U. Christopher 'Chris' Stainton (born 22 March 1944, in Woodseats, Sheffield, South Yorkshire, England) is a keyboard The piano is a Musical instrument played by means of a keyboard that produces sound by striking steel strings with Felt covered hammers This page is a list of the various personnel and line-ups that have been a part of The Who. Rodney Houison is a musician producer and sound engineer who has worked with The Who, Pete Townshend, Cliff Richard, Judge Dread, and See Billboard (Turkish magazine Billboard is a weekly American Magazine devoted to the Music industry S. Gold 29 October 1973
BPI – UK Gold 1 December 1973
RIAA – U. Events 437 - Valentinian III, Western Roman Emperor, marries Licinia Eudoxia, daughter of his cousin Theodosius II Year 1973 ( MCMLXXIII) was a Common year starting on Monday (link will display full calendar of the 1973 Gregorian calendar. Events 800 - Charlemagne judges the accusations against Pope Leo III in the Vatican Year 1973 ( MCMLXXIII) was a Common year starting on Monday (link will display full calendar of the 1973 Gregorian calendar. S. Platinum 2 February 1993

Notes

  1. ^ IGN
  2. ^ Quad - A Spectacular Musical Staging of The Who's Quadrophenia
  3. ^ http://www.rwcmd.ac.uk/fe_diaryshared/diary_details.asp?Event_id=724
  4. ^ On the U. Events 962 - Translatio imperii: Pope John XII crowns Otto I Holy Roman Emperor, the first Holy Roman Emperor Year 1993 ( MCMXCIII) was a Common year starting on Friday (link will display full 1993 Gregorian calendar) S. release of the album, "The Punk and the Godfather" was renamed "The Punk Meets the Godfather"

References

External links

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