Puck was America's first successful humor magazine known for its sharp humor and colorful cartoon caricatures satirizing the political and social issues of the day. A humor magazine is a Magazine specifically designed to deliver Humorous content often in the form of Satire, to its readership The word cartoon has various meanings based on several very different forms of Visual art and Illustration. A caricature is either a Portrait that exaggerates or distorts the essence of a person or thing to create an easily identifiable visual likeness or in literature a description Satire is often strictly defined as a literary genre or form; although in practice it is also found in the graphic and Performing arts In satire human
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History
The weekly magazine was founded by Joseph Keppler, Sr. in St. Louis and began publishing English and German language editions in March, 1871. Five years later the German edition of Puck moved to New York City publishing the first magazine on September 27, 1876 followed by the English edition on March 14, 1877. Events 489 - Odoacer attacks Theodoric at the Battle of Verona and is defeated again Year 1876 ( MDCCCLXXVI) was a Leap year starting on Saturday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian Calendar (or a Leap year Events 1489 - The Queen of Cyprus, Catherine Cornaro, sells her kingdom to Venice. Year 1877 ( MDCCCLXXVII) was a Common year starting on Monday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common The English magazine continued for over forty years under several owners and editors until it was bought by the William Randolph Hearst company in 1916. For other people named William Randolph Hearst see William Randolph Hearst (disambiguation William Randolph Hearst I (April 29 1863 &ndash The publication continued for two more years, when the last edition was distributed 5 September 1918. Events 1590 - Alexander Farnese 's army forces Henry IV of France to raise the siege of Paris. Year 1918 ( MCMXVIII) was a Common year starting on Tuesday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common Typical 32-page issues contained a full color political cartoon on the front cover and a color non-political cartoon or comic-strip on the back cover. There was always a double-page color centerfold, usually on a political topic. There were numerous black & white cartoons used to illustrate humorous anecdotes. A page of editorials commented on the issues of the day, and the last few pages were ads.
"Puckish" meaning "childishly mischievous" is a 19th-century usage of the word, which led Shakespeare's Puck character from A Midsummer Night's Dream to be recast as a cute near-naked boy and used as the title of the magazine. This article is about Puck the character in Shakespeare's play for the mythological figure this is based on see Puck (mythology Puck, also known A Midsummer Night's Dream is a romantic comedy by William Shakespeare, suggested by " The Knight's Tale " from Puck was the first magazine to carry illustrated advertising and the first to successfully adopt full color lithography printing to a weekly publication. Lithography is a method for Printing using a plate or stone with a completely smooth surface The magazine consisted of sixteen pages measuring 10 inches by 13. 5 inches with color front and back covers and a color double page centerfold. The centerfold of a Magazine refers to a Picture printed on a single sheet of paper and inserted in the middle of the publication The cover quoted Puck saying, "What fools these mortals be!" The jaunty symbol of Puck is conceived as a putto in a top hat who admires himself in a hand mirror and appears not only on the magazine cover but over the building's entrance as well. The putto (pl putti) is a figure of a pudgy Human baby, almost always male often naked and having wings found especially in Italian Renaissance
In May 1893, Puck Press published A Selection of Cartoons from Puck by Joseph Keppler (1877-1892) featuring fifty-six cartoons chosen by Keppler as his best work. Also during 1893, Keppler temporarily moved to Chicago and published a smaller sized, twelve page version of Puck from the Chicago World's Fair grounds. Chicago (ʃɪˈkɑːgoʊ is the largest City by population in the state of Illinois and the American Midwest of the United States. The World's Columbian Exposition (also called The Chicago World's Fair) a World's Fair, was held in Chicago in 1893 to celebrate the 400th anniversary Shortly thereafter, Joseph Keppler died and H. C. Bunner, editor of Puck since 1877 continued the magazine until his death in 1896. Five years later, Joseph Keppler, Jr. became the editor. Over the years Puck employed many early cartoonists including, Louis Dalrymple, Bernard Gillam, Livingston Hopkins, Frederick Burr Opper, Louis Glackens, Albert Levering, Frank Nankivell, J. Livingston "Hop" Hopkins ( 7 July 1846 &ndash 21 August 1927) was an American Cartoonist who became a major Frederick Burr Opper ( January 2, 1857 - August 27, 1937) is considered one of the pioneers of U Louis M Glackens (1866-1933 American illustrator animator and cartoonist was the brother of Ashcan School painter and illustrator S. Pughe, Rose O'Neill, Charles Taylor, James Wales, Livingston Hopkins and Eugene Zimmerman. Rose Cecil O'Neill ( June 25, 1874 &ndash April 6, 1944) was an Illustrator who created a popular period comic called Livingston "Hop" Hopkins ( 7 July 1846 &ndash 21 August 1927) was an American Cartoonist who became a major Eugene Zimmerman, Cartoonist, was born on May 23, 1862 and died on March 26, 1935.
Politics and religion
An 1890 Puck cartoon depicts President Benjamin Harrison at his desk wearing his grandfather's hat which is too big for his head, suggesting that he is not fit for the presidency. Year 1890 ( MDCCCXC) was a Common year starting on Wednesday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common The President of the United States is the Head of state and Head of government of the United States and is the highest political official in United States by Benjamin Harrison (August 20 1833 &ndash March 13 1901 was the twenty-third President of the United States, serving one term from 1889 to 1893 This article is about the general and president For his great-great-grandson see William H Atop a bust of William Henry Harrison, a raven with the head of Secretary of State James G. Blaine gawks down at the President, a reference to the famous Edgar Allan Poe poem "The Raven. This article is about the general and president For his great-great-grandson see William H The United States Secretary of State (commonly abbreviated as SecState) is the head of the United States Department of State, concerned with Foreign affairs James Gillespie Blaine ( January 31, 1830 &ndash January 27, 1893) was a U Edgar Allan Poe (January 19 1809 – October 7 1849 was an American poet, short-story Writer, editor and Literary critic, " The Raven " is a narrative poem by the American writer Edgar Allan Poe, first published in January 1845 " Blaine and Harrison were both at odds over the recently proposed McKinley Tariff. The McKinley Tariff of 1890 was what set the average ad valorem Tariff rate for imports to the United States at 48
Politically it sided with the Bourbon Democrats--its hero was Grover Cleveland. Bourbon Democrat was a term used in the United States from 1876 to 1904 to refer to a conservative or Classical liberal member of the Democratic Party Stephen Grover Cleveland (March 18 1837 June 24 1908 was both the twenty-second and twenty-fourth President of the United States. It favored German Americans and victimised Irish Americans. German Americans ( German: Deutschamerikaner) are citizens of the United States of Ethnic German ancestry Irish Americans (Gael-Mheiriceánach are citizens of the United States who can claim ancestry originating in Ireland.
As Thomas (2004) explains, "in an age of partisan politics and partisan journalism, Puck became the nation's premier journal of graphic humor and political satire, played an important role as a non-partisan crusader for good government and the triumph of American constitutional ideals. Its prime targets, however, were not just corrupt machine politicians. The magazine included as well what it, like the letterpress, condemned as the nefarious political agenda of the Catholic church, especially its new Pope, Leo XIII. Pope Leo XIII ( March 2, 1810 – July 20, 1903) born Count Vincenzo Gioacchino Raffaele Luigi Pecci, was the 256th Pope Indeed, New York's infamous Irish Tammany Hall, committed to spoils and patronage as the means of dominating the body politic, was all the more dangerous to Puck because, beginning in the 1870s, Irish Catholics dominated it. Tammany Hall was the Democratic Party Political machine that played a major role in controlling New York City politics and helping immigrants (most notably The hall's Irish Catholic base enabled the magazine to rationalize more completely its conviction that the Catholic church, ruled by a foreign potentate dressed in the irrational garb of infallibility, was a menace not only to the nation's body politic but also to its democratic soul. If allowed to proceed unimpeded, the pope and his minions, along with Tammany's bosses and supporters, would convert the nation into their personal fiefdom. Puck was not about to let that happen. In cartoons and editorials spanning two decades, the magazine blasted and often conjoined both Tammany and the papacy with invidious comparisons that left few readers in doubt as to their complicity. " (Thomas 2004)
Puck Building
Puck was housed from 1887 in the landmark Chicago-style Romanesque Revival Puck Building at Lafayette and Houston Streets, New York City. The Puck Building occupies the block bounded by Lafayette, Houston, Mulberry and Jersey Streets in the Borough of Manhattan, Originally a landmark literally meant a Geographic Feature used by explorers and Romanesque Revival (or Neo-Romanesque) is a style of building employed in the late 19th century inspired by the 11th and 12th century Romanesque style The Puck Building occupies the block bounded by Lafayette, Houston, Mulberry and Jersey Streets in the Borough of Manhattan, Lafayette Street is a city street in New York City 's Lower Manhattan. Houston Street redirects here For the Major League Baseball player with a similar name see Huston Street. The City of New York The steel-frame building was designed by architects Albert and Herman Wagner in 1885, as the world's largest lithographic pressworks under a single roof, with its own electricity-generating dynamo. In Electricity generation, an electrical generator is a device that converts Mechanical energy to Electrical energy, generally using Electromagnetic It takes up a full block on Houston Street, bounded by Lafayette and Mulberry Streets. In Manhattan, Mulberry Street, between Baxter and Mott Streets is the north/south Street along which Little Italy is centered and where it meets
Mad Magazine parodied Puck's motto as "what food these morsels be!"
London edition
A London edition of Puck magazine was published between January 1889 and June 1890. Mad is a monthly American Humor Magazine founded by editor Harvey Kurtzman and publisher William Gaines in 1952 Food is any substance usually composed primarily of Carbohydrates Fats water and/or Proteins that can be eaten or drunk by an Amongst contributors was the English cartoonist and political satirist Tom Merry[1]. William Mecham (1853 &ndash 21 August 1902) was a British cartoonist and performer taking the stage and pen name Tom Merry.
Sources
- Richard Samuel West, Satire On Stone, University of Illinois Press, 1988, ISBN 0-252-01497-9
- Samuel J. The University of Illinois Press ( UIP) is a major American University press and part of the University of Illinois. Thomas, "Mugwump Cartoonists, the Papacy, and Tammany Hall in America's Gilded Age" Religion and American Culture Summer 2004, Vol. Religion and American Culture is a semiannual Journal published by University of California Press, in Berkeley California. 14, No. 2, Pages 213-250
- ^ Simon Houfe, Dictionary of British Book Illustrators and Caricaturists 1800-1914 (1978)
See also
External links
- Puck 's Puck illustrated.
- Puck magazine influenced the development of cartoons.
- American cast zinc sculpture.
- Gallery of 1877 Puck Magazine caricatures by Joseph Keppler
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