| Pterodactyloids Fossil range: Middle Jurassic – Late Cretaceous |
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Azhdarchoidea |
Pterodactyloidea (derived from the Greek words πτερόν (pterón, for usual ptéryx) "wing", and δάκτυλος (dáctylos) "finger" meaning "winged finger", "wing-finger" or "finger-wing") forms one of the two suborders of pterosaurs ("wing lizards"), and contains the most advanced members of this group of flying reptiles. The Middle Jurassic, called the Dogger in the European system of classification is the second epoch of the Jurassic Period. Late Cretaceous (100mya - 65mya refers to the second half of the Cretaceous Period, named after the famous white Chalk cliffs of southern England Gnathosaurus is a genus of Ctenochasmatid Pterosaur known from a single species G Chordates ( Phylum Chordata) are a group of Animals that includes the Vertebrates together with several closely related Invertebrates Reptiles, or members of the class Reptilia are air-breathing Cold-blooded Vertebrates that have skin covered in scales as opposed to hair or feathers For other meanings see Pterodactyl (disambiguation. Pterosaurs (ˈtɛrəsɔr from the Greek πτερόσαυρος pterosauros In Biological classification, family ( Latin Azhdarchoidea is a group of Pterosaurs within the suborder Pterodactyloidea. Ctenochasmatoidea is a group of Pterosaurs within the suborder Pterodactyloidea. Dsungaripteroidea is a group of Pterosaurs within the suborder Pterodactyloidea. Ornithocheiroidea is a group of Pterosaurs within the suborder Pterodactyloidea. The Ancient Greek language is the historical stage in the development of the Hellenic language family spanning the Archaic (c A word is a unit of Language that carries meaning and consists of one or more Morphemes which are linked more or less tightly together and has a Phonetic For other meanings see Pterodactyl (disambiguation. Pterosaurs (ˈtɛrəsɔr from the Greek πτερόσαυρος pterosauros They appeared during the middle Jurassic Period, and differ from the basal rhamphorhynchoidea by their short tails and long wing metacarpals (hand bones). The Jurassic is a geologic period and system that extends from about Ma (million years ago to Ma that is from the end of the Triassic to the beginning The Rhamphorhynchoidea forms one of the two suborders of Pterosaurs and represent a grade of primitive members of this group of flying Reptiles. The metacarpus is the intermediate part of the Hand Skeleton that is located between the Phalanges (bones of the fingers Distally and the The most advanced forms also lack teeth. Many species had well developed crests on the skull, a form of display taken to extremes in giant-crested forms like Nyctosaurus and Tupandactylus. Nyctosaurus is a genus of Pterodactyloid Pterosaur notable for its extraordinarily large cranial crest like its cousin the more recent find Tupandactylus (meaning "Tupan finger" in reference to the Tupi thunder god is a Genus of tapejarid Pterodactyloid Pterodactyloids (specifically the family Azhdarchidae) were the last surviving pterosaurs when the order became extinct at the end of the Cretaceous Period, together with the dinosaurs and most marine reptiles. Azhdarchidae (from Ajdarxo, the name of a dragon in Uzbek mythology is a family of Pterosaurs known primarily from the late Cretaceous The Cretaceous (kriːˈteɪʃəs, usually abbreviated 'K' for its German translation "Kreide" is a geologic period and system, reaching from the end of
"Pterodactyl" is also a common term for pterodactyloid pterosaurs, though it can also be used to refer to pterosaurs in general or to Pterodactylus specifically. Pterodactylus (ˌtɛrəˈdæktɨləs TER-o-DACK-ti-lus) is a Genus of Pterosaur (the first to be named and identified as a flying reptile that Well-known examples of pterodactyloids include Pterodactylus, Dsungaripterus, Pteranodon, and Quetzalcoatlus. Dsungaripterus ("Wing of Junggar Basin" was a Genus of Pterosaur with an average wingspan of 3 metres (10 feet Pteranodon (tɨˈrænədɒn from Greek πτερ- "wing" and αν -οδων "toothless" from the Late Cretaceous ( Quetzalcoatlus (named for the Aztec feathered serpent god Quetzalcoatl) was a pterodactyloid Pterosaur known from the Late Cretaceous
Contents |
Classification
Taxonomy
Listing of families and superfamilies within the suborder Pterodactyloidea, after Unwin 2006. [1]
- Order Pterosauria
- Suborder Pterodactyloidea
- Nemicolopterus[2]
- Superfamily Ornithocheiroidea
- Family Istiodactylidae
- Family Ornithocheiridae
- Family Pteranodontidae
- Superfamily Ctenochasmatoidea
- Cycnorhamphus
- Feilongus
- Pterodactylus
- Family Ctenochasmatidae
- Subfamily Ctenochasmatinae
- Subfamily Gnathosaurinae
- Superfamily Dsungaripteroidea
- Germanodactylus
- Herbstosaurus
- Kepodactylus
- Normannognathus
- Tendaguripterus
- Family Dsungaripteridae
- Superfamily Azhdarchoidea
- Family Lonchodectidae
- Family Tapejaridae
- Thalassodromeus
- Tupuxuara
- Family Azhdarchidae
- Suborder Pterodactyloidea
- Pterodactyloids of uncertain relationships (incertae sedis)
Phylogeny
Cladogram after Unwin (2003). For other meanings see Pterodactyl (disambiguation. Pterosaurs (ˈtɛrəsɔr from the Greek πτερόσαυρος pterosauros Nemicolopterus is a Genus of pterodactyloid Pterosaur, described in 2008 Ornithocheiroidea is a group of Pterosaurs within the suborder Pterodactyloidea. Ornithocheiroidea is a group of Pterosaurs within the suborder Pterodactyloidea. Pteranodontidae is a family of large Pterosaurs of the Cretaceous Period of North America Ctenochasmatoidea is a group of Pterosaurs within the suborder Pterodactyloidea. Cycnorhamphus (meaning " Swan beak" is a Genus of ctenchasmatoid pterodactyloid Pterosaur from the Late Feilongus (meaning "flying dragon" is an Extinct Genus of ctenochasmatoid or ornithocheiroid Pterodactyloid Pterodactylus (ˌtɛrəˈdæktɨləs TER-o-DACK-ti-lus) is a Genus of Pterosaur (the first to be named and identified as a flying reptile that Dsungaripteroidea is a group of Pterosaurs within the suborder Pterodactyloidea. Germanodactylus ("German finger" is a Genus of dsungaripteroid pterodactyloid Pterosaur from Late Jurassic Herbstosaurus (meaning "Herbst's lizard" is the name given to a genus of Pterosaur. Kepodactylus (meaning "garden finger" for Garden Park, Colorado, where it was found is an extinct Genus of Pterodactyloid Normannognathus (meaning " Normandy jaw" was a Genus of dsungaripteroid Pterodactyloid Pterosaur from the Tendaguripterus (meaning " Tendaguru Wing " was a Genus of Dsungaripteroid Pterodactyloid Pterosaur Azhdarchoidea is a group of Pterosaurs within the suborder Pterodactyloidea. Lonchodectes (meaning " Lance biter" was a Genus of ? Azhdarchoid Pterosaur from several formations dating Tapejaridae (meaning "the old beings" are a family of Pterodactyloid Pterosaurs from the early Cretaceous period. Thalassodromeus ("sea runner" was a large Pterosaur found in northeastern Brazil. Tupuxuara is a Genus of large crested toothless Pterosaur, originally described in 1988 from the Cretaceous Santana Formation of Brazil by Azhdarchidae (from Ajdarxo, the name of a dragon in Uzbek mythology is a family of Pterosaurs known primarily from the late Cretaceous Incertae sedis ( Latin for "of uncertain placement" abbreviated "inc Araripesaurus was the first Pterosaur known from the famous Santana Formation of Brazil Mesadactylus ('mesa finger' is an extinct Genus of Pterodactyloid Pterosaur from the Kimmeridgian - Tithonian -age Upper Puntanipterus (meaning " Puntano (native of San Luis) wing" was a Genus of ? dsungaripterid Pterodactyloid Santandactylus (meaning " Santana Formation wing" was a Genus of Pterodactyloid Pterosaur from the Aptian Cladistics is the hierarchical classification of Species based on evolutionary ancestry For alternate cladograms, see List of pterosaur classifications. This list of pterosaur classifications entails the various schemes used to classify Pterosaurs throughout the years and varying views of these Animals Classic [3]
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Uncertain placement (incertae sedis): Araripedactylus, Wyomingopteryx, Bennettazhia, Dermodactylus, Haopterus, Mesadactylus, Criorhynchus. Ornithocheiroidea is a group of Pterosaurs within the suborder Pterodactyloidea. Boreopterus (meaning "north wing" is a Genus of ornithocheirid Pterodactyloid Pterosaur from the Barremian Ornithocheiroidea is a group of Pterosaurs within the suborder Pterodactyloidea. Pteranodontidae is a family of large Pterosaurs of the Cretaceous Period of North America Nyctosaurus is a genus of Pterodactyloid Pterosaur notable for its extraordinarily large cranial crest like its cousin the more recent find Ctenochasmatoidea is a group of Pterosaurs within the suborder Pterodactyloidea. Feilongus (meaning "flying dragon" is an Extinct Genus of ctenochasmatoid or ornithocheiroid Pterodactyloid Cycnorhamphus (meaning " Swan beak" is a Genus of ctenchasmatoid pterodactyloid Pterosaur from the Late Pterodactylus (ˌtɛrəˈdæktɨləs TER-o-DACK-ti-lus) is a Genus of Pterosaur (the first to be named and identified as a flying reptile that Lonchodectes (meaning " Lance biter" was a Genus of ? Azhdarchoid Pterosaur from several formations dating Dsungaripteroidea is a group of Pterosaurs within the suborder Pterodactyloidea. Herbstosaurus (meaning "Herbst's lizard" is the name given to a genus of Pterosaur. Kepodactylus (meaning "garden finger" for Garden Park, Colorado, where it was found is an extinct Genus of Pterodactyloid Puntanipterus (meaning " Puntano (native of San Luis) wing" was a Genus of ? dsungaripterid Pterodactyloid Azhdarchoidea is a group of Pterosaurs within the suborder Pterodactyloidea. Thalassodromeus ("sea runner" was a large Pterosaur found in northeastern Brazil. Tupuxuara is a Genus of large crested toothless Pterosaur, originally described in 1988 from the Cretaceous Santana Formation of Brazil by Tapejara (from a Tupi word meaning "the old being" is a Genus of Brazilian Pterosaur from the Cretaceous Azhdarchidae (from Ajdarxo, the name of a dragon in Uzbek mythology is a family of Pterosaurs known primarily from the late Cretaceous Aripedactylus was a large Genus of Pterodactyloid Pterosaur, known from a single wing bone found in the Early Cretaceous -age "Wyomingopteryx" (meaning " Wyoming wing" is an informal name for a Genus of Pterosaur. Bennettazhia ('Bennett's Azhdarchid ' is the name given to a Pterosaur (flying reptile formerly known as Pteranodon oregonensis Dermodactylus (meaning "skin finger" in reference to Pterosaur wings being skin membranes supported by the Ring fingers was a Genus Haopterus (meaning "Professor Yichun Hao's wing" was a Genus of ornithocheirid Pterodactyloid Pterosaur from the Mesadactylus ('mesa finger' is an extinct Genus of Pterodactyloid Pterosaur from the Kimmeridgian - Tithonian -age Upper Ornithocheirus (from Greek "ορνις" meaning bird, and "χειρ" meaning hand) was a huge Pterosaur from the early
References
- ^ Unwin, David M. (2006). The Pterosaurs: From Deep Time. New York: Pi Press, 246. ISBN ISBN 0-13-146308-X.
- ^ Wang, X. , A. , W. A. Kellner, Z. Zhou, and D. A. Campos. (2008). "Discovery of a rare arboreal forest-dwelling flying reptile (Pterosauria, Pterodactyloidea) from China. " Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 106(6): 1983–1987. doi:10. 1073/pnas. 0707728105
- ^ Unwin, D. M. , (2003). "On the phylogeny and evolutionary history of pterosaurs. " Pp. 139-190. in Buffetaut, E. & Mazin, J. -M. , (eds. ) (2003). Evolution and Palaeobiology of Pterosaurs. Geological Society of London, Special Publications 217, London, 1-347.
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