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Pskov (English)
Псков (Russian)

Location of Pskov in Europe
Coordinates
57°49′N 28°20′E / 57.817, 28.333Coordinates: 57°49′N 28°20′E / 57.817, 28.333
Coat of Arms
City Day: July 23
Administrative status
Federal subject
In jurisdiction of
Administrative center of		 Pskov Oblast
Pskov Oblast
Pskov Oblast, Pskovsky District
Local self-government
Charter Charter of Pskov
Municipal status Urban okrug
Mayor Mikhail Khoronen
Legislative body City Duma
Area
Area 95. A geographic coordinate system enables every location on the Earth to be specified in three coordinates using mainly a spherical coordinate system. A geographic coordinate system enables every location on the Earth to be specified in three coordinates using mainly a spherical coordinate system. Heraldry in its most general sense encompasses all matters relating to the duties and responsibilities of officers of arms. Events 1632 - Three hundred colonists bound for New France depart from Dieppe France. Russia is a Federation which consists of 83  subjects. These subjects are of equal federal rights in the sense that they have equal Pskov Oblast (Пско́вская о́бласть Pskovskaya oblast) is a federal subject of Russia (an Oblast) Pskov Oblast (Пско́вская о́бласть Pskovskaya oblast) is a federal subject of Russia (an Oblast) Pskov Oblast (Пско́вская о́бласть Pskovskaya oblast) is a federal subject of Russia (an Oblast) A charter is the grant of authority or rights stating that the granter formally recognizes the prerogative of the recipient to exercise the rights specified Being the largest country in the world spanning a large percentage of Eurasia, and one of the most populated Russia is divided into several types and levels of A mayor (from the Latin māior, meaning "greater" is a modern title used in many countries for the highest ranking officer in a municipal government A legislature is a type of representative Deliberative assembly with the power to create amend and change Laws The law created by a legislature is called Legislation Area is a Quantity expressing the two- Dimensional size of a defined part of a Surface, typically a region bounded by a closed Curve. 5 km² (36. 9 sq mi)
Population (as of the 2002 Census)
Population
- Rank
- Density
 202,780 inhabitants
90th
2,123. Russia 's area is about 17 million square kilometers (65 million sq Russian Census of 2002 (Всеросси́йская пе́репись населе́ния 2002 го́да was the first Census of the Russian Federation carried This is a list of cities and towns in Russia with population over 50000 grouped by federal subject and sorted by population Population density (in agriculture standing stock and Standing crop) is a measurement of Population per unit area or unit volume 4/km² (5,499. 6/sq mi)
Events
Founded n/a
First mentioned 903
Other information
Postal code 180xxx
Dialing code +7 8112
Official website
http://www.gorodpskov.ru/

Pskov (Russian: Псков, ancient Russian spelling Пльсковъ (Pleskov)), in Estonian Pihkva is an ancient city, located in the north-west of Russia about 20 km east from the Estonian border, on the Velikaya River. Events By Place Europe The Vikings invade England. Asia Abaoji is named commander A postal code (known in various countries as a post code, postcode, or ZIP code) is a series of letters and/or digits appended to a All Country calling codes for the European Union countries start with +3x or +4x A website (alternatively web site or Web site, a back-construction from the Proper noun World Wide Web) is a collection of Web pages Russian ( transliteration:,) is the most geographically widespread language of Eurasia, the most widely spoken of the Slavic languages Pskov (Псков ancient Russian spelling Пльсковъ Pleskov) in Latvian Pleskava, in Estonian Pihkva, is an ancient city located in The classification system of the types of inhabited localities in Russia, the former Soviet Union, and some other post-Soviet states has certain peculiarities compared Russia (Россия Rossiya) or the Russian Federation ( Rossiyskaya Federatsiya) is a transcontinental Country extending Estonia, officially the Republic of Estonia ( Eesti or Eesti Vabariik) is a Country in Northern Europe in the Baltic region For the Velikaya river in Far East Siberia see Velikaya River (Chukotka. The city of Pskov serves as the administrative center of Pskov Oblast. Pskov Oblast (Пско́вская о́бласть Pskovskaya oblast) is a federal subject of Russia (an Oblast) Population: 202,780 (2002 Census); 203,789 (1989 Census). Russian Census of 2002 (Всеросси́йская пе́репись населе́ния 2002 го́да was the first Census of the Russian Federation carried The 1989 Soviet Census was the final and most comprehensive census taken within the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics.

Contents

Early history

The name of the city, originally spelled Pleskov, may be loosely translated as "the town of purling waters". Its earliest mention comes in 903, which records that Igor of Kiev married a local lady, St. Olga. Saint Olga (Ольга also called Olga Prekrasa (Ольга Прекраса or Olga the Beauty, Old Norse: Helga; born c Pskovians sometimes take this year as the city's foundation date, and in 2003 a great jubilee took place to celebrate Pskov's 1,100th anniversary.

The first prince of Pskov was St. Vladimir's younger son Sudislav. Saint Vladimir Svyatoslavich the Great ( Old Russian: Володимеръ Святославичь, c Once imprisoned by his brother Yaroslav, he wasn't released until the latter's death several decades later. Yaroslav I the Wise (c 978 in Kiev - February 20, 1054 in Kiev) ( East Slavic: Ярослав Мудрый Christian name In the 12th century and 13th centuries, the town adhered politically to the Novgorod Republic. The Novgorod Republic (Новгородская республика / Novgorodskaya respublika Новгородская земьля / Novgorodskaya zemlja) was a In 1241, it was taken by the Teutonic knights, but Alexander Nevsky liberated it several months later during a legendary campaign dramatized in Sergei Eisenstein's 1938 movie. The Teutonic Order is a German Roman Catholic religious order. Saint Alexander Nevsky (Алекса́ндр Яросла́вич Не́вский in Russian; transliteration Aleksandr Yaroslavich Nevskij) ( May 30 Sergei Mikhailovich Eisenstein (Сергей Михайлович Эйзенштейн January 23, 1898 &ndash February 11, 1948) was Alexander Nevsky (Александр Невский is a Historical drama film directed by Sergei Eisenstein and Dmitry Vasiliev and produced

View of the Pskov kremlin from the Velikaya River.
View of the Pskov kremlin from the Velikaya River.

In order to secure their independence from the knights, the Pskovians elected a converted Lithuanian prince, named Daumantas (known in Russian as Dovmont), as their military leader and prince in 1266. Lithuania, officially the Republic of Lithuania (Lietuvos Respublika is a Country in Eastern often referred to as Northern Europe or in the Daumantas, later Dovmont ( Russian: Довмонт Ruthenian: Dowmont, Belarusian: Daǔmont) Christian name Timothy Having fortified the town, Daumantas routed the knights at Rakovor and overran much of Estonia. This article is about a 1268 battle See also Battle of Rakvere (1603. His remains and sword are preserved in the local kremlin, and the core of the citadel, erected by him, still bears the name of Dovmont's town. View01jpg|thumb|right|250px|Remains of the Kolomna Kremlin]] Kremlin (Кремль Kreml) is the Russian word for "fortress" "citadel" or "castle"

Pskov Republic

Main article: Pskov Republic

By the 14th century, the town functioned as the capital of a de-facto sovereign republic. Pskov Republic ( Псковская республика in Russian) was a Russian Medieval state between the second half of the 13th century Pskov Republic ( Псковская республика in Russian) was a Russian Medieval state between the second half of the 13th century Its most powerful force was the merchants who brought the town into the Hanseatic league. The Hanseatic League (also known as the Hansa) was an alliance of trading cities and their Guilds that established and maintained trade Pskov's independence was formally recognized by Novgorod in 1348. Several years later, the veche promulgated a law code (called the Pskov Charter) which was one of the principal sources of the all-Russian law code issued in 1497. Veche ( Russian: вече Polish: wiec Ukrainian: віче was a Popular assembly in Medieval Slavic countries Sudebnik of 1497 ( Судебник in Russian, or Code of Law) a collection of Laws which was introduced by Ivan III and played a

For Russia, the Pskov Republic was a bridge towards Europe. Pskov Republic ( Псковская республика in Russian) was a Russian Medieval state between the second half of the 13th century For Europe, it was a western outpost of Russia and subject of numerous attacks throughout the history. Unbelievably, the kremlin (called by Pskovians the Krom) withstood 26 sieges in the 15th century alone. At one point, five stone walls ringed it, making the city practically impregnable. A local school of icon-painting flourished, and local masons were considered the best in Russia. An icon (from Greek εἰκών eikōn, "image" is a religious work of art most commonly a painting from Eastern Christianity. Many peculiar features of Russian architecture were first introduced in Pskov. Russian architecture follows a tradition whose roots were established in the Eastern Slavic state of Kievan Rus'.

Siege of Pskov by Stefan Batory, by Karl Brullov
Siege of Pskov by Stefan Batory, by Karl Brullov

Finally, in 1510, the city fell to Muscovite forces. This article is about the ruler of the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth in the 16th century Karl Pavlovich Briullov (Russian Карл Павлович Брюллов) called by his friends the Great Karl ( December 12, 1799 – June The Grand Duchy of Moscow (Великое княжество Московское was a medieval Russian polity centered on Moscow between 1340 and The deportation of noble families to Moscow is a subject of Rimsky-Korsakov's opera Pskovityanka (1872). Moscow (Москва́ romanised: Moskvá, IPA: see also other names) is the Capital and the largest city of Nikolai Andreyevich Rimsky-Korsakov ( Николай Андреевич Римский-Корсаков, Nikolaj Andreevič Rimskij-Korsakov) also Nikolay Opera is an art form in which Singers and Musicians perform a Dramatic work (called an opera which combines a text (called a Libretto The Maid of Pskov ( Псковитянка, Pskovityanka) is an Opera in three acts by Nikolai Rimsky-Korsakov. As the second largest city of Muscovy, Pskov still attracted enemy armies. Most famously, it withstood a prolonged siege by 50,000-strong Polish army during the final stage of the Livonian War (1581–1582). The Siege of Pskov, known as the Pskov Defense in Russia ( оборона Пскова in Russian) took place between August of 1581 Poland (Polska officially the Republic of Poland The Livonian War of 1558–1582 was a lengthy military conflict between the Tsardom of Russia and variable coalition of Denmark–Norway, Grand Duchy of The king of Poland Stefan Batory undertook some 31 attacks to storm the city, which was defended mainly by civilians. This article is about the ruler of the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth in the 16th century Even after one of the city walls was broken, the Pskovians managed to fill the gap and repel the attack. "It's amazing how the city reminds me of Paris", wrote one of the Frenchmen present at Batory's siege.

Modern history

Peter the Great's conquest of Estonia and Latvia in the early 18th century spelled the end of Pskov's traditional role as a vital border fortress and a key to Russia's interior. Estonia, officially the Republic of Estonia ( Eesti or Eesti Vabariik) is a Country in Northern Europe in the Baltic region Latvia ( Latvija officially the Republic of Latvia (Latvijas Republika is a Country in Northern Europe in the Baltic region. As a consequence, the city's importance and well-being declined dramatically, although it has served as a capital of separate government since 1777. It was here that the last Russian tsar abdicated in March 1917. Tsar csar and tzar redirect here For other uses see Tsar (disambiguation. The February Revolution (Февральская революция in 1917 in Russia was the first stage of the Russian Revolution of 1917.

During World War I Pskov became the center of much activity behind the lines, and after the Russo-German Brest-Litovsk Peace Conference (December 22, 1917–March 3, 1918), in the winter of 1917–1918, the Imperial German Army invaded the area. World War I (abbreviated WWI; also known as the First World War, the Great War, and the War to End All A front line is a line of confrontation in an Armed conflict, most commonly a War. Events 1790 - The Turkish fortress of Izmail is stormed and captured by Suvorov and his Russian armies Year 1917 ( MCMXVII) was a Common year starting on Monday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common year Events 1284 - Statute of Rhuddlan incorporated the Principality of Wales into England 1575 - Indian Year 1918 ( MCMXVIII) was a Common year starting on Tuesday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common The German Army ( Deutsches Heer) was the name given the combined armed forces of the German Empire, also known as the Imperial Army ( Reichsheer) or Pskov also occpied by Estonian army between February 1919-July 1919 during Estonian War of Independence. The Estonian War of Independence (Vabadussõda literally "freedom war" which occurred in 1918-1920 took place during the Russian Civil War, was the

Dozens of quaint old churches are scattered throughout Pskov.
Dozens of quaint old churches are scattered throughout Pskov.

The medieval citadel provided little protection against modern artillery, and during World War II Pskov suffered substantial damage during the German occupation from July 9, 1941 until July 23, 1944. World War II, or the Second World War, (often abbreviated WWII) was a global military conflict which involved a majority of the world's nations, including Nazi Germany and the Third Reich are the common English names for Germany under the regime of Adolf Hitler and the National Socialist German Workers Events 455 - Roman military commander Avitus is proclaimed Emperor of the Western Roman Empire. Year 1941 ( MCMXLI) was a Common year starting on Wednesday (the link will display 1941 calendar of the Gregorian calendar. Events 1632 - Three hundred colonists bound for New France depart from Dieppe France. Year 1944 ( MCMXLIV) was a Leap year starting on Saturday (link will display full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. Many ancient buildings, particularly churches, suffered destruction before the Wehrmacht could occupy the city. Wehrmacht (literally "defense force" was the name of the unified Armed forces of Germany from 1935 to 1945 Though a huge portion of the population died during the war, Pskov has since struggled to regain its traditional position as a major industrial and cultural centre of Western Russia.

Landmarks and sights

Pskov still preserves much of its medieval walls, built from the 13th century on. The Krom, or medieval citadel, looks as impressive as ever. A citadel is a fortress for protecting a Town, sometimes incorporating a Castle. Within its walls rises the 256-foot-tall Trinity Cathedral, founded in 1138 and rebuilt in the 1690s. The Trinity Cathedral (ru Троицкий собор or Троицкий храм is located in the Pskov Kremlin (Krom on the east bank of the Velikaya (Great River The cathedral contains the tombs of saint princes Vsevolod (died in 1138) and Dovmont (died in 1299). Vsevolod Mstislavich (Всеволод Мстиславич the patron saint of the city of Pskov, ruled as Prince of Novgorod in 1117-32 Prince of Pereslavl Other ancient cathedrals adorn the Mirozhsky abbey (completed by 1152), St.  John's (completed by 1243), and the Snetogorsky monastery (built in 1310 and painted in 1313).

Pskov is exceedingly rich in tiny, squat, picturesque churches, dating mainly from the 15th and the 16th centuries. There are many dozens of them, the most notable being St.  Basil's on the Hill (1413), St.  Kozma and Demian's near the Bridge (1463), St.  George's from the Downhill (1494), Assumption from the Ferryside (1444, 1521), and St.  Nicholas' from Usokha (1536). The 17th-century residential architecture is represented by merchant mansions, such as the Salt House, the Pogankin chambers, and the Trubinsky mansion. A mansion is a large dwelling House. The word itself derives (through Old French) from the Latin word mansus (the perfect passive participle

A Russian coin commemorating Pskov's 1,100th anniversary
A Russian coin commemorating Pskov's 1,100th anniversary

Among the sights in the vicinity of Pskov are Izborsk, a seat of Rurik's brother in the 9th century and one of the most formidable fortresses of medieval Russia; the Pskov Monastery of the Caves, the oldest continually functioning monastery in Russia and a magnet for pilgrims from all over the country; the 16th-century Krypetsky Monastery; Elizarovo Monastery, which used to be a great cultural and literary centre of medieval Russia; and Mikhailovskoe, a family nest of Alexander Pushkin where he wrote some of the best known lines in the Russian language. Izborsk (Избо́рск Irboska is a village in Pechorsky District of Pskov Oblast, Russia. Rurik or Riurik (Рюрик; Old East Norse: Rørik, meaning "famous ruler" c Pskovo-Pechersky Monastery or The Pskovo-Pechersky Dormition Monastery or Pskov-Caves Dormition Monastery (Пско́во-Печ́ерский Успе́нский Krypetsky Monastery is a Russian Orthodox monastery situated 23 km from Pskov. Yeleazarovsky Monastery is a small convent founded in 1447 to the north of Pskov, along the road leading to Gdov, by a local peasant named Eleazar Russian ( transliteration:,) is the most geographically widespread language of Eurasia, the most widely spoken of the Slavic languages The national poet of Russia is buried in the ancient cloister at the Holy Mountains nearby. Unfortunately, the area presently has only a very minimal tourist infrastructure, and the historic core of Pskov requires serious investments to realize its great tourist potential. Tourism is Travel for Recreational or Leisure purposes The World Tourism Organization defines tourists as people who "travel Infrastructure typically refers to the technical structures that support a society such as Roads Water supply, Wastewater, Power grids

Miscellaneous

Pskov is served by Pskov Airport which was also used for military aviation. Pskov Airport (Аэропорт Псков is an airfield in Pskov Oblast, Russia located 6 km southeast of Pskov.

Notable People

Sister cities

Pskov is twinned with the following cities:

Weather averages for Pskov
Month Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Year
Record high °C (°F) 9. Sergei Viktorovich Fedorov ( Russian: Сергей Викторович Фёдоров Sergey Viktorovich Fyodorov; born December 13 1969 in Tartu is the second largest City of Estonia. In contrast to Estonia's political and financial capital Tallinn, Tartu is often considered the intellectual Arles (aʁl̥ Provençal Occitan: Arles in both classical and Mistralian norms is a City in the south of France, Gera is the third largest city in the German state of Thuringia after Erfurt, the Thuringian capital Kuopio is a Finnish City and Municipality located in the province of Eastern Finland and the region of Northern Savonia. Neuss (ˈnɔʏs is a city in North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany. Nijmegen (ˈnɛɪmeɣən) (obsolete spellings Nijmwegen Nymegen Nieumeghen &mdash Nimwegen in local dialect and in German, Nimègue in French Paderborn (paːdɐˈbɔʁn is a city in North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany, capital of the Paderborn district. Perth (Peairt is a town and former Royal burgh in central Scotland. Scotland ( Gaelic: Alba) is a Country in northwest Europethat occupies the northern third of the island of Great Britain. For the metropolitan area see Roanoke Metropolitan Area. Roanoke is an Independent city located in the Roanoke Metropolitan Area in The United States of America —commonly referred to as the 8 (50) 11. 3 (52) 18. 5 (65) 27. 6 (82) 32. 0 (90) 32. 6 (91) 35. 0 (95) 35. 6 (96) 30. 3 (87) 22. 6 (73) 14. 1 (57) 10. 8 (51) 35. 6 (96)
Average high °C (°F) -4. 4 (24) -3. 7 (25) 1. 2 (34) 9. 5 (49) 17. 2 (63) 21. 2 (70) 22. 7 (73) 21. 2 (70) 15. 6 (60) 8. 7 (48) 2. 1 (36) -1. 9 (29) 9. 1 (48)
Average low °C (°F) -10. 4 (13) -10. 6 (13) -6. 5 (20) 0. 4 (33) 6. 1 (43) 10. 4 (51) 12. 3 (54) 11. 1 (52) 6. 8 (44) 2. 3 (36) -2. 4 (28) -7. 1 (19) -1. 1 (30)
Record low °C (°F) -40. 6 (-41) -37. 6 (-36) -29. 7 (-21) -20. 9 (-6) -5. 1 (23) -0. 1 (32) 2. 7 (37) 1. 3 (34) -4. 6 (24) -12. 2 (10) -23. 8 (-11) -40. 3 (-41) -40. 6 (-41)
Precipitation mm (inches) 35 (1. In Meteorology, precipitation (also known as one class of hydrometeors, which are atmospheric water phenomena is any product of the condensation of atmospheric 4) 29 (1. 1) 31 (1. 2) 37 (1. 5) 45 (1. 8) 67 (2. 6) 77 (3) 77 (3) 66 (2. 6) 51 (2) 53 (2. 1) 46 (1. 8) 614 (24. 2)
Source: Pogoda. ru. net[1] 8. 09. 2007

Copyrighted photos

References

  1. ^ Pogoda.ru.net (Russian). Retrieved on September 8, 2007.

External links


Coat of arms of Pskov Oblast Cities and towns in Pskov Oblast Flag of Russia
Administrative center: Pskov

Dno | Gdov | Nevel | Novorzhev | Novosokolniki | Opochka | Ostrov | Pechory | Porkhov | Pustoshka | Pytalovo | Sebezh | Velikiye Luki

Poets of Pskov. Pskov Oblast (Пско́вская о́бласть Pskovskaya oblast) is a federal subject of Russia (an Oblast) Dno (Дно is a town in Pskov Oblast, Russia, located east of Pskov. Gdov (Гдов is a town in Pskov Oblast, Russia, situated on the river Gdovka, just two kilometers from its outflow into Lake For the iCarly character see ICarly. Nevel (Невель is a town in Pskov Oblast, Russia, located Novorzhev (Новорже́в literally "New Rzhev " is a town in Pskov Oblast, Russia, located some 144 km southeast of Novosokolniki (Новосоко́льники is a town in the southern part of Pskov Oblast, Russia, located on the Maly Udray River some 287 km Opochka (Опочка is a town in Pskov Oblast, Russia, located on the Velikaya River, 130 km south of Pskov, in the proximity Ostrov (Остров is a town in Pskov Oblast, Russia. It is located on the Velikaya River, 55 km south of Pskov. Pechory (Печоры Estonian and Seto: Petseri) is a town in Pskov Oblast, Russia. Porkhov (Порхов is a medieval fortress and a town in Pskov Oblast, Russia. Pustoshka (Пустошка is a town in the southern part of Pskov Oblast, Russia, located on Krupeya River, 191 km southeast of Pytalovo (Пыта́лово or Abrene (Latvian is a town in Pskov Oblast, Russia, the administrative center of Pytalovsky District Sebezh (Се́беж is a town in Pskov Oblast, Russia, located in a picturesque setting between the lakes Sebezhskoye and Orono Velikiye Luki (Вели́кие Лу́ки name also romanized as Velikie Luki, is a city on the meandering Lovat River in the southern An Anthology of Poems. http://zhurnal.lib.ru/a/as_w/poets-pskbhtm-1.shtml

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