| Pseudobulbar palsy Classification and external resources |
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| ICD-9 | 335.23 |
|---|---|
| DiseasesDB | 10826 |
| MeSH | D020828 |
Pseudobulbar palsy is bilateral impairment of the function of the lower cranial nerves 9, 10, 11 and 12 due to upper motor neuron lesion of the bulbar muscles from lesions of the corticobulbar pathways in the pyramidal tract. The International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems (most commonly known by the abbreviation ICD) provides codes to classify Diseases The following is a list of codes for International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems. The Diseases Database is a free Website that provides information about the relationships between medical conditions Symptoms, and Medications. Medical Subject Headings ( MeSH) is a huge Controlled vocabulary (or metadata system for the purpose of indexing journal articles and books Cranial nerves are Nerves that emerge directly from the Brain stem in contrast to Spinal nerves which emerge from segments of the Spinal cord. An upper motor neuron lesion is a lesion of the neural pathway above the Anterior horn cell or Motor nuclei of the Cranial nerves. A lesion is any abnormal tissue found on or in an organism usually damaged by disease or trauma The corticobulbar (or corticonuclear) tract is a White matter pathway connecting the Cerebral cortex to the Brainstem (the term "bulbar" The corticospinal or pyramidal tract is a massive collection of Axons that travel between the Cerebral cortex of the Brain and the Spinal
Contents |
Causes
- Vascular causes: Bilateral hemisphere infarction
- Degenerative disorders: motor neuron disease
- Inflammatory disorders: Multiple sclerosis
- Malignancy: High brain stem tumors
Symptoms
These include:
- Dysphagia (difficulty in swallowing)
- Labile affect
- Dysarthria
Signs
These include:
- Speech is slow, thick and indistinct
- Gag reflex is normal or exaggerated
- Tongue is small, stiff and spastic
- Jaw jerk is brisk
- There may be upper motor neurone lesion of the limbs. The motor neurone diseases (or motor neuron diseases) (MND are a group of progressive neurological disorders that destroy Motor neurones the cells that control voluntary Inflammation ( Latin, inflamatio, to set on fire is the complex biological response of vascular tissues to harmful stimuli such as Pathogens Multiple sclerosis (abbreviated MS also known as disseminated sclerosis or encephalomyelitis disseminata) is an autoimmune condition in which the Cancer (medical term Malignant Neoplasm) is a class of Diseases in which a group of cells display uncontrolled The brain stem (or brainstem) is the lower part of the Brain, adjoining and structurally continuous with the Spinal cord. Dysphagia should not be confused with the similarly pronounced Dysphasia, a language disorder Labile affect or pseudobulbar affect refers to the pathological expression of Laughter, Crying or smiling. Dysarthria is a motor Speech disorder resulting from neurological injury, characterised by poor articulation (cf The pharyngeal reflex or gag reflex is a Reflex contraction of the back of the throat evoked by touching the Soft palate, that prevents something from The tongue is the large bundle of Skeletal muscles on the floor of the Mouth that manipulates Food for chewing and swallowing (deglutition Spazz redirects here This article is about the word For the band see Spazz (band. The jaw jerk reflex is a reflex used to test the status of a patient's Trigeminal nerve (CN V An upper motor neuron lesion is a lesion of the neural pathway above the Anterior horn cell or Motor nuclei of the Cranial nerves.
Bulbar palsy is a similar disorder but is caused by lower motor neurone lesions
See also
External links
- 248512525 at GPnotebook - "pseudobulbar palsy"
- 456458269 at GPnotebook - "comparison of bulbar and pseudobulbar palsy"
- eNotes
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