- This article is about the 19th and 20th-century Prussian province. For the medieval duchy, see Duchy of Silesia. The Duchy of Silesia (Herzogtum Schlesien was a medieval Duchy located in Silesia. For the present-day subdivision of Poland, see Silesian Voivodeship. Silesian Voivodeship (also known as Silesia Province or by its Polish name of województwo śląskie or simply Śląskie) is a Voivodeship
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The Province of Silesia (German: Provinz Schlesien; Polish: Prowincja Śląsk) was a province of the Kingdom of Prussia from 1815 to 1919; the territory had been conquered from Habsburg Austria during the 18th century Silesian Wars. Prussia ( Latin: Borussia, Prutenia; Prūsija Prūsija Prusy Old Prussian: Prūsa) was most recently a historic state Habsburg Monarchy (alternatively Habsburg Empire) refers to the territories ruled by the Austrian branch of the House of Habsburg, and then by the successor Year 1815 ( MDCCCXV) was a Common year starting on Sunday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common year Year 1919 ( MCMXIX) was a Common year starting on Wednesday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common The Province of Lower Silesia (Provinz Niederschlesien was a province of the Free State of Prussia from 1919 to 1945 The Province of Upper Silesia (Provinz Oberschlesien Górny Śląsk Silesian: Górny Ślonsk) was a province of the Free State of Prussia created The Kingdom of Prussia (Königreich Preußen was a German kingdom from 1701 to 1918 and from 1871 was the leading state of the German Empire, comprising The German Empire is the name commonly used in English to describe Germany from 1871 to 1918 when it was a semi- Constitutional monarchy: beginning with the Unification This is a list of national capitals of the world in alphabetical order Wrocław (Breslau Vratislav Vratislavia or Wratislavia Yiddish: ברעסלוי) is the chief City of the historical region of Lower Silesia Year 1815 ( MDCCCXV) was a Common year starting on Sunday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common year Year 1919 ( MCMXIX) was a Common year starting on Wednesday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common Year 1938 ( MCMXXXVIII) was a Common year starting on Saturday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. Year 1941 ( MCMXLI) was a Common year starting on Wednesday (the link will display 1941 calendar of the Gregorian calendar. The German language (de ''Deutsch'') is a West Germanic language and one of the world's major languages. Polish ( język polski, polszczyzna) is the Official language of Poland. The Provinces of Prussia constituted the main administrative divisions of Prussia. The Kingdom of Prussia (Königreich Preußen was a German kingdom from 1701 to 1918 and from 1871 was the leading state of the German Empire, comprising Habsburg Monarchy (alternatively Habsburg Empire) refers to the territories ruled by the Austrian branch of the House of Habsburg, and then by the successor The Silesian Wars were a series of wars between Prussia and Austria (and their changing allies for control of Silesia. The provincial capital was Breslau. Wrocław (Breslau Vratislav Vratislavia or Wratislavia Yiddish: ברעסלוי) is the chief City of the historical region of Lower Silesia During the Weimar Republic, in 1919, Silesia was divided into the separate provinces of Upper Silesia and Lower Silesia. The term Weimar Republic ( ˈvaɪmarɐ repuˈbliːk is used by historians to signify the democratic and Republican period of Germany from 1919 to 1933 The Province of Upper Silesia (Provinz Oberschlesien Górny Śląsk Silesian: Górny Ślonsk) was a province of the Free State of Prussia created The Province of Lower Silesia (Provinz Niederschlesien was a province of the Free State of Prussia from 1919 to 1945 The two provinces were reunited into a single province from 1938-41.
History
In 1740, King Frederick II (the Great) of Prussia annexed most of Silesia as part of the War of the Austrian Succession (1740-1748). Frederick II (Friedrich II January 24 1712 August 17 1786) was a King of Prussia (1740&ndash1786 from the The Kingdom of Prussia (Königreich Preußen was a German kingdom from 1701 to 1918 and from 1871 was the leading state of the German Empire, comprising Etymology One theory claims that the name Silesia is derived from the Silingi, who were most likely a Vandalic (East Germanic people The War of the Austrian Succession (1740-1748 involved nearly all the powers of Europe By war's end, the Kingdom of Prussia had conquered almost all of Silesia, while some parts of Silesia in the extreme southeast, like the Duchy of Teschen and Duchy of Troppau, remained possessions of the Habsburg Monarchy as Austrian Silesia. The Duchy of Teschen or Duchy of Cieszyn or Duchy of Těšín (Těšínské knížectví Herzogtum Teschen Ducatus Tessinensis Księstwo Cieszyńskie was The Principality or Duchy of Troppau (Herzogtum Troppau Opavské vévodství was based for centuries in the city of Troppau ( Opava) in Moravia. Habsburg Monarchy (alternatively Habsburg Empire) refers to the territories ruled by the Austrian branch of the House of Habsburg, and then by the successor See also Duchy of Silesia. The Duchy of Upper and Lower Silesia (Herzogtum Ober- und Niederschlesien was an autonomous region of the
The Seven Years' War (1756-1763) confirmed Prussian control over most of Silesia, and it became one of the most loyal territories of Prussia. The Seven Years' War (1756&ndash1763 involved all of the major European powers of the period causing 900000 to 1400000 deaths The territories of Prussia were reorganized in 1815 following the Napoleonic Wars. The Napoleonic Wars (1803-1815 involved Napoleon's French Empire and a shifting set of European allies and opposing coalitions The Province of Silesia was created out of the Silesian territories acquired by Prussia in the Silesian Wars, as well as Upper Lusatia near Görlitz, which was formerly part of the Kingdom of Saxony. Upper and Lower Lusatia Upper Lusatia ( Oberlausitz or Hornja Łužica) is today part of the German state of Saxony except for a small part east of Görlitz ( is a town in Germany on the Lusatian Neisse River in the Bundesland The Kingdom of Saxony (Königreich Sachsen lasting between 1806 and 1918 was an independent member of a number of historical confederacies in Napoleonic through post-Napoleonic
As a Prussian province, Silesia became part of the German Empire during the Prussian-led unification of Germany in 1871. The German Empire is the name commonly used in English to describe Germany from 1871 to 1918 when it was a semi- Constitutional monarchy: beginning with the Unification The unification of Germany took place on January 18, 1871, when Prussian Chief Minister Otto von Bismarck managed to unify a number of independent There was considerable industrialization in Silesia, and many people moved there at that time. is a process of social and economic change whereby a human group is transformed from a Pre-industrial society into an industrial one According to the census of 1905, three-quarters of the inhabitants were Germans, while the bulk of the population to the east of the Oder River were Poles. The German people (Deutsche are an Ethnic group, in the sense of sharing a common German culture, descent and speaking the German language as The Oder (known in Czech and Polish as Odra) is a River in Central Europe. The Polish people, or Poles, (Polacy) are a Western Slavic Ethnic group of Central Europe, living predominantly in Poland.
Following World War I, some parts of the Province of Silesia were transferred to the Second Polish Republic and Czechoslovakia (Czech Silesia). World War I (abbreviated WWI; also known as the First World War, the Great War, and the War to End All The Second Polish Republic or interwar Poland is the Republic of Poland between World War I and World War II. Czechoslovakia may also refer to what is now the Czech Republic and Slovakia. Czech Silesia (České Slezsko is one of the three Czech lands and a section of the Silesian historical region In 1919, the parts remaining in Weimar Germany were reorganized into the two provinces of Lower Silesia (Niederschlesien) and Upper Silesia (Oberschlesien). The term Weimar Republic ( ˈvaɪmarɐ repuˈbliːk is used by historians to signify the democratic and Republican period of Germany from 1919 to 1933 The Province of Lower Silesia (Provinz Niederschlesien was a province of the Free State of Prussia from 1919 to 1945 The Province of Upper Silesia (Provinz Oberschlesien Górny Śląsk Silesian: Górny Ślonsk) was a province of the Free State of Prussia created Between 1938 and 1941, Upper and Lower Silesia were again briefly united as a single province.
Most of Silesia is now within Poland, though the majority of people with German heritage were ethnically cleansed following World War II. Poland (Polska officially the Republic of Poland The expulsion of Germans after World War II was the Forced migration and Ethnic cleansing of German nationals ( Reichsdeutsche) and ethnic World War II, or the Second World War, (often abbreviated WWII) was a global military conflict which involved a majority of the world's nations, including Small parts of the former Province of Silesia lie within modern Germany (Niederschlesischer Oberlausitzkreis). The Niederschlesischer Oberlausitzkreis (German for district of Lower Silesian Upper Lusatia) was the easternmost Kreis ( District)
External links
- Coats of arms of Upper Silesian towns while part of the Province of Silesia (German)
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