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The Province of Posen (German: Provinz Posen, Polish: Prowincja Poznańska) was a province of Prussia from 1848-1918 and as such part of the German Empire from 1871 to 1918; the whole area is now part of Poland. Posen was the southern of two Prussian administrative regions or Regierungsbezirke ' (Rejencja of the Grand Duchy of Posen (1815&ndash49 and its Bromberg was the northern of two Prussian administrative regions or Regierungsbezirke ' (Rejencja of the Grand Duchy of Posen (1815&ndash49 and The German language (de ''Deutsch'') is a West Germanic language and one of the world's major languages. Polish ( język polski, polszczyzna) is the Official language of Poland. The Kingdom of Prussia (Königreich Preußen was a German kingdom from 1701 to 1918 and from 1871 was the leading state of the German Empire, comprising The German Empire is the name commonly used in English to describe Germany from 1871 to 1918 when it was a semi- Constitutional monarchy: beginning with the Unification Poland (Polska officially the Republic of Poland Its capital was Poznań (German: Posen). Poznań Lublin Voivodeship This article is about the city in Poland The province replaced the Grand Duchy of Posen. The Grand Duchy of Posen (Großherzogtum Posen Wielkie Księstwo Poznańskie was an autonomous province of the Kingdom of Prussia in the Polish lands commonly known as "
Known as the "cradle of the Polish nation", this region was the home to Poles, Germans, some Jews and a smattering of other peoples. The Polish people, or Poles, (Polacy) are a Western Slavic Ethnic group of Central Europe, living predominantly in Poland. The German people (Deutsche are an Ethnic group, in the sense of sharing a common German culture, descent and speaking the German language as PLEASE TAKE NOTE************ Almost all the Poles were Roman Catholic, and about 90% of the Germans were Protestant. Protestantism refers to the forms of Christian faith and practice that originated in the 16th century Protestant Reformation. The small numbers of Jews were primarily to be found in the larger communities, mostly in skilled crafts, local commerce and regional trading. The smaller the community, the more likely it was to be either Polish or German. These "pockets of ethnicity" existed side by side, with German villages being the most dense in the northwestern areas. With Germanization policies, the population became more German until the end of the 19th century, when the trend reversed (in the Ostflucht). Germanisation (also spelled Germanization) is either the spread of the German language, people and culture either by force or Assimilation The Ostflucht (flight from the East was a movement by residents of the Former eastern territories of Germany, such as East Prussia, West Prussia, This was despite efforts of the government in Berlin, which established the Settlement Commission to buy land from Poles and make it available only to Germans. Berlin is the capital city and one of sixteen states of Germany. Settlement Commission may refer to the Royal Prussian Settlement Commission in the provinces of Posen and West Prussia the Foreign Claims Settlement
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Characteristics
The land is mostly flat, drained by two major watershed systems; the Noteć (German: Netze) in the north and the Warta (German: Warthe) in the center. A drainage basin is an extent of Land where Water from Rain or Snow melt drains downhill into a body of water such as a River, The Noteć ( German: Netze, Latin: Natissis) is a River in central Poland with a length of 388 km (7th longest and a basin The Warta (Warthe Varta is a River in western-central Poland, a tributary of the Oder river Ice Age glaciers left moraine deposits and the land is speckled with hundreds of "finger lakes", streams flowing in and out on their way to one of the two rivers. An ice age is a period of long-term reduction in the Temperature of the Earth 's surface and atmosphere resulting in an expansion of continental Ice sheets "Glacial" and "Glaciation" redirect here For the geological periods see Glacial period. Moraine refers to any glacially formed accumulation of unconsolidated glacial debris (soil and rock which can occur in currently glaciated and formerly glaciated regions such as those
Agriculture was the primary industry, as one would expect for the 1800s. Agriculture refers to the production of goods through the growing of plants and fungi and the raising of domesticated Animals The study of agriculture The three-field system was used to grow a variety of crops, primarily rye, sugar beets, potatoes, other grains, and some tobacco and hops. Rye ( Secale cereale) is a grass grown extensively as a grain and forage crop Sugar beet ( Beta vulgaris L a member of the Chenopodiaceae family is a plant whose root contains a high concentration of Sucrose. The potato is a Starchy Tuberous crop Vegetable from the perennial Solanum tuberosum of the Solanaceae Tobacco is an Agricultural product recognized as an addictive drug processed from the fresh Leaves of plants in the genus Nicotiana. Hops are the female Flower cones of the hop plant ( Humulus lupulus) Significant parcels of wooded land provided building materials and firewood. Firewood was the primary source of fuel until the 1800s when it was displaced by coal and later by oil Small numbers of livestock existed, including geese, but a fair amount of sheep were herded. Livestock is the term used to refer (singularly or plurally to a Domesticated Animal intentionally reared in an agricultural setting to produce such as Food Goose (plural geese) is the English name for a considerable number of Birds belonging to the family Anatidae.
When this area came under Prussian control, the feudal system was still in force. Feudalism, a term first used in the early modern period (17th century in its most classic sense refers to a Medieval Europe Political system composed It was officially ended in Prussia (see Freiherr vom Stein) in 1810 (1864 in Congress Poland), but lingered in some practices until the late 1800s. Heinrich Friedrich Karl Reichsfreiherr vom und zum Stein ( October 25, 1757 &ndash June 29, 1831) commonly known as Baron vom Congress Poland Kongresówka, officially and formally Kingdom of Poland (Królestwo Polskie {{IPA-pl|'|p|o|l|s|kʲ|e}} Царство Польское Tsarstvo Polskoye The situation was thus that (primarily) Polish serfs lived and worked side by side with (predominantly) free German settlers. Though the settlers were given initial advantages, in time their lots were not much different. Serfs worked for the noble lord, who took care of them. Settlers worked for themselves and took care of themselves, but paid taxes to the lord.
Typically, an estate would have its manor and farm buildings, and a village nearby for the Polish laborers. A manor house or fortified manor-house is a Country house, which has historically formed the administrative centre of a manor (see Manorialism Near that village, there might be a German settlement. And in the woods, there would be a forester's dwelling. The estate owners, usually of the nobility, owned the local grist mill, and often other types of mills or perhaps a distillery. A gristmill or grist mill is a building where Grain is ground into Flour, or the grinding mechanism itself In many places, windmills dotted the landscape, reminding one of the earliest settlers, the Dutch, who began the process of turning unproductive river marshes into fields. A windmill is a machine that is powered by the energy of the wind The Netherlands ( Dutch:, ˈnedərlɑnt is the European part of the Kingdom of the Netherlands, which consists of the Netherlands the Netherlands This process was finished by the German settlers who were used to reclaim unproductive lands (not only marshland) for the host estate owners.
History
The Kingdom of Prussia had annexed the later territory of the Province of Posen during the 18th century Partitions of Poland. The Partitions of Poland or Partitions of the Polish Lithuanian Commonwealth took place in the second half of the 18th century and ended the existence of the It was part of the Duchy of Warsaw during the Napoleonic Wars, but was restored to Prussia in 1815 as the Grand Duchy of Posen. The Duchy of Warsaw (Księstwo Warszawskie Duché de Varsovie Herzogtum Warschau Варшавское герцогство was a Polish state established by Napoleon The Napoleonic Wars (1803-1815 involved Napoleon's French Empire and a shifting set of European allies and opposing coalitions The Grand Duchy of Posen (Großherzogtum Posen Wielkie Księstwo Poznańskie was an autonomous province of the Kingdom of Prussia in the Polish lands commonly known as "
During the Revolutions of 1848, the Frankfurt Parliament attempted to divide the duchy into two parts: the Province of Poznań, which would have been given to the Germans and annexed to a newly-created German Empire, and the Province of Gniezno, which would have been given to the Poles and held outside Germany. The European Revolutions of 1848, known in some countries as the Spring of Nations or the Year of Revolution, were a series of political upheavals throughout the European The Frankfurt Parliament ( German: Frankfurter Nationalversammlung, literally Frankfurt National Assembly) was the first freely elected Parliament The German Empire is the name commonly used in English to describe Germany from 1871 to 1918 when it was a semi- Constitutional monarchy: beginning with the Unification Gniezno (Gnesen is a Town in central-western Poland, some 50 km east of Poznań, inhabited by about 73000 people Because of the protest of Polish parliamentarians, these plans failed and the integrity of the duchy was preserved. On February 9, 1849, after a series of broken assurances, the Prussian administration renamed the duchy to the province of Posen. Events 474 - Zeno crowned as co-emperor of the Byzantine Empire. Year 1849 ( MDCCCXLIX) was a Common year starting on Monday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common However, "Grand Duke of Posen" remained a title of the Hohenzollern dynasty and the name remained in official use until 1918.
With the unification of Germany after the Franco-Prussian War of 1871, the province of Posen became part of the German Empire (1871-1918) and the city of Posen was officially named an imperial residence city. The unification of Germany took place on January 18, 1871, when Prussian Chief Minister Otto von Bismarck managed to unify a number of independent The Franco-Prussian War or Franco-German War, often referred to in France as the 1870 War ( 19 July, 1870 — 10 May, 1871 The German Empire is the name commonly used in English to describe Germany from 1871 to 1918 when it was a semi- Constitutional monarchy: beginning with the Unification
In the 1880s, German Chancellor Otto von Bismarck started Germanisation policies, such as an increase of police forces, a colonization commission, the German Society for the Eastern Borders (Hakata), and the Kulturkampf. Otto Eduard Leopold von Bismarck Count of Bismarck-Schönhausen Duke of Lauenburg Prince of Bismarck ( April 1, 1815 July 30, 1898) After partitioning Poland in the end of 18th century the Kingdom of Prussia and later German Empire imposed a number of Germanisation policies and measures The German term (literally "culture struggle" refers to German policies in relation to Secularity and the influence of the Roman Catholic Church, enacted In 1904, special legislation was passed against the Polish population. The legislation of 1908 allowed the confiscation of Polish landed property. The Prussian authorities did not allow the development of industries, so the duchy's economy was dominated by high-level agriculture.
After World War I, the fate of the province was undecided. World War I (abbreviated WWI; also known as the First World War, the Great War, and the War to End All The Poles demanded that the region be included in the newly independent Second Polish Republic, while the Germans refused any territorial concessions. The Second Polish Republic or interwar Poland is the Republic of Poland between World War I and World War II. The Greater Poland Uprising broke out on 27 December 1918, a day after the speech of Ignacy Jan Paderewski. The Greater Poland Uprising of 1918&ndash1919, or Wielkopolska Uprising of 1918&ndash1919 ( Polish: powstanie wielkopolskie 1918&ndash19 roku; Events 537 - The Hagia Sophia is completed 1512 - The Spanish Crown issues the Laws of Burgos, governing the Year 1918 ( MCMXVIII) was a Common year starting on Tuesday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common Ignacy Jan Paderewski GBE (November 18 1860 - June 29 1941 was a Polish Pianist, Composer, Diplomat, and politician and the The uprising received little support from the Polish government established in Warsaw at that time. Warsaw (Warszawa; also known by other names) is the Capital and Largest city of Poland. After the success of the uprising the Posen province was briefly (until mid-1919) an independent state with its own government, currency and military force.
With the signing of the Treaty of Versailles at the end of World War I, most of the province, primarily the areas with a Polish majority, was returned to Poland and reformed as the Poznań Voivodship. The Treaty of Versailles was one of the peace treaties at the end of World War I. World War I (abbreviated WWI; also known as the First World War, the Great War, and the War to End All Poznań Voivodeship (1 1975-1998 Poznań Voivodeship 1975-1998 (Polish województwo poznańskie) was a unit of administrative division and local government in The remaining German part of the province was reformed as Posen-West Prussia with Schneidemühl (Piła) as its capital, until 1938, when it was divided between Silesia, Pomerania and Brandenburg. The border province of Posen-West Prussia (Grenzmark Posen-Westpreußen was a province of the Free State of Prussia. Piła (Schneidemühl is a town in northwestern Poland. It had 77000 inhabitants as of 2001 The Province of Silesia (Provinz Schlesien Prowincja Śląsk was a province of the Kingdom of Prussia from 1815 to 1919 the territory had been conquered from For the present-day Polish provinces see Pomeranian Voivodeship and West Pomeranian Voivodeship. } The Province of Brandenburg (Provinz Brandenburg was a province of the Kingdom of Prussia and the Free State of Prussia from 1815 to 1946
Ethnic conflict
Due to the large number of resident Germans (the first Germans coming as settlers) and the presence of powerful, warring nations on all sides and the internal strife between three major religious faiths, the area was often a battleground of ethnic conflicts. A settler is a person who has migrated to an area and established permanent residence there often to colonize the area This article details Polish-German relations. Early history (until 16th century Western Polish lands have had Germanic residents since
The 1700s saw the Jesuit-led Counter-Reformation enact severe restrictions on the remaining German Protestants. The Society of Jesus ( Latin: Societas Iesu, SJ and SI or SJ, SI) is a Catholic religious order The Counter-Reformation (also Catholic Reformation denotes the period of Catholic revival from the pontificate of Pope Pius IV in 1560 to the close of the Protestantism refers to the forms of Christian faith and practice that originated in the 16th century Protestant Reformation. The end of the century turned the tables as Prussia seized the area during the Partitions of Poland. The Partitions of Poland or Partitions of the Polish Lithuanian Commonwealth took place in the second half of the 18th century and ended the existence of the
During the first half of the 1800s, the German population grew due to state sponsored colonisation. Colonisation (also known as Colonization) occurs whenever any one or more species populates a new area In the second half, the Polish population grew gradually due to the Ostflucht and a higher birth-rate among the Poles. The Ostflucht (flight from the East was a movement by residents of the Former eastern territories of Germany, such as East Prussia, West Prussia, The clash peaked during the Kulturkampf, when many Catholic Germans in Posen joined with ethnic Poles in opposition to the Protestant Prussian government. The German term (literally "culture struggle" refers to German policies in relation to Secularity and the influence of the Roman Catholic Church, enacted
The Polish language was eventually banned from schools and government offices as part of the Germanisation policies. Polish ( język polski, polszczyzna) is the Official language of Poland. Germanisation (also spelled Germanization) is either the spread of the German language, people and culture either by force or Assimilation
In World War II, part of the German minority living in the territory of the former Posen province formed Selbstschutz units, which assisted in the Nazi assault on Poland and the subsequent atrocities against Poles and Jews. World War II, or the Second World War, (often abbreviated WWII) was a global military conflict which involved a majority of the world's nations, including Selbstschutz (Self-protection stands for two organisations it was (1 a name used by a number of paramilitary organisations created by Ethnic Germans in Central Europe Nazi Germany and the Third Reich are the common English names for Germany under the regime of Adolf Hitler and the National Socialist German Workers The Second Polish Republic or interwar Poland is the Republic of Poland between World War I and World War II.
Statistics
Area: 28,970 km²
- Regierungsbezirk Posen 17,503 km²
- Regierungsbezirk Bromberg 11,448 km²
Population
- 1816: 820,176
- 1868: 1,537,300 (Bromberg 550,900 - Posen 986,400)
- 1871: 1,583,843
- Religion: 1871
- Catholics 1,009,885
- Protestants 511,429
- Jews 61,982
- others 547
- Religion: 1871
- 1875: 1,606,084
- 1880: 1,703,397
- 1900: 1,887,275
- 1905: 1,986,267
- 1910: 2,099,831 (Bromberg 763,900 - Posen 1,335,900)
Divisions
Note: Prussian provinces were subdivided into government regions (Regierungsbezirke), which were subdivided into districts called Kreise. Posen was the southern of two Prussian administrative regions or Regierungsbezirke ' (Rejencja of the Grand Duchy of Posen (1815&ndash49 and its Bromberg was the northern of two Prussian administrative regions or Regierungsbezirke ' (Rejencja of the Grand Duchy of Posen (1815&ndash49 and Bydgoszcz (Bromberg Bydgostia is a city in northern Poland, on the Brda and Vistula rivers with A Regierungsbezirk is a type of government region of Germany, a subdivision of certain federal states ( ''Bundesländer'') Prussian districts were administrative units in the former German state of Prussia. Cities would have their own "Stadtkreis" (urban district) and the surrounding rural area would be named for the city, but referred to as a "Landkreis" (rural district). In the case of Posen, the Landkreis was split into two: Landkreis Posen West, and Landkreis Posen East.
Data is from Prussian censuses, during a period of state-sponsored Germanization, and includes military garrisons. Germanisation (also spelled Germanization) is either the spread of the German language, people and culture either by force or Assimilation It is commonly criticized for being falsified.
| Kreis ("County") | Polish spelling | 1905 Pop | Polish speakers | German speakers1 | Jewish2 | Origin |
| Regierunsbezirk Posen (southern) | ||||||
| City of Posen | Poznań | 55% | 45% | |||
| Adelnau | Odolanów | 90% | 10% | |||
| Birnbaum | Miedzychód | 51% | 49% | |||
| Bomst | Babimost | 49% | 51% | |||
| Fraustadt | Wschowa | 27% | 73% | |||
| Gostyn | Gostyn | 87% | 13% | Kröben | ||
| Grätz | Grodzisk | 82% | 18% | Buk | ||
| Jarotschin | Jarocin | 83% | 17% | Pleschen | ||
| Kempen | Kępno | 84% | 16% | Schildberg | ||
| Koschmin | Koźmin | 83% | 17% | Krotoschin | ||
| Kosten | Kościan | 89% | 11% | |||
| Krotoschin | Krotoszyn | 70% | 30% | |||
| Lissa | Leszno | 36% | 64% | Fraustadt | ||
| Meseritz | Międzyrzecz | 20% | 80% | |||
| Neutomischel | Nowy Tomyśl | 51% | 49% | Buk | ||
| Obornik | Oborniki | 61% | 39% | |||
| Ostrowo | Ostrów | 80% | 20% | ?Adelnau? | ||
| Pleschen | Pleszew | 85% | 15% | |||
| Posen Ost | Poznań, Wsch. Posen was the southern of two Prussian administrative regions or Regierungsbezirke ' (Rejencja of the Grand Duchy of Posen (1815&ndash49 and its Poznań Lublin Voivodeship This article is about the city in Poland Kreis Adelnau (Powiat odolanowski) was a County in the southern administrative district of Posen, in Kreis Birnbaum (Powiat międzychodzki) was a County in the southern administrative district of Posen, in the Posen was the southern of two Prussian administrative regions or Regierungsbezirke ' (Rejencja of the Grand Duchy of Posen (1815&ndash49 and its Posen was the southern of two Prussian administrative regions or Regierungsbezirke ' (Rejencja of the Grand Duchy of Posen (1815&ndash49 and its Posen was the southern of two Prussian administrative regions or Regierungsbezirke ' (Rejencja of the Grand Duchy of Posen (1815&ndash49 and its Posen was the southern of two Prussian administrative regions or Regierungsbezirke ' (Rejencja of the Grand Duchy of Posen (1815&ndash49 and its Posen was the southern of two Prussian administrative regions or Regierungsbezirke ' (Rejencja of the Grand Duchy of Posen (1815&ndash49 and its Posen was the southern of two Prussian administrative regions or Regierungsbezirke ' (Rejencja of the Grand Duchy of Posen (1815&ndash49 and its Kreis Koschmin (Powiat koźmiński) was a County in the southern administrative district of Posen, in the Prussian Province of Posen. Posen was the southern of two Prussian administrative regions or Regierungsbezirke ' (Rejencja of the Grand Duchy of Posen (1815&ndash49 and its Kreis Krotoschin (Powiat krotoszyński) was a County in the southern administrative district of Posen, in the Prussian Province of Posen. Kreis Lissa (Powiat leszczyński) was a County in the southern administrative district of Posen, in the Prussian Province of Posen. Kreis Meseritz (Powiat międzyrzecki) was a County in the southern administrative district of Posen, in the Prussian Province of Posen. Kreis Neutomischel (Powiat nowotomyski) was a County in the southern administrative district of Posen, in the Prussian Province of Posen. Kreis Obornik (Powiat obornicki) was a County in the southern administrative district of Posen, in the Prussian Province of Posen. (Powiat ostrowski) was a County in the southern administrative district of Posen, in the Prussian Province of Posen. (Powiat pleszewski) was a County in the southern administrative district of Posen, in the Prussian Province of Posen. Kreis Posen Ost was a Kreis in Prussia (county in the southern administrative district of Posen, in the Province of Posen. | 72% | 28% | Posen | ||
| Posen West | Poznań, Zach. Kreis Posen West was a Kreis in Prussia (county in the southern administrative district of Posen, in the Province of Posen. | 87% | 13% | Posen | ||
| Rawitsch | Rawicz | 55% | 45% | Kröben | ||
| Samter | Szamotuły | 73% | 27% | |||
| Schildberg | Ostrzeszów | 90% | 10% | |||
| Schmiegel | Śmigiel | 82% | 18% | Kosten | ||
| Schrimm | Śrem | 82% | 18% | |||
| Schroda | Środa | 88% | 12% | |||
| Schwerin | Skwierzyna | 5% | 95% | Birnbaum - 1877 | ||
| Wreschen | Września | 84% | 16% | |||
| Regierungsbezirk Bromberg (northern) | ||||||
| City of Bromberg | Bydgoszcz | 16% | 84% | |||
| Bromberg | Bydgoszcz | 38% | 62% | |||
| Czarnikau | Czarników | 27% | 73% | |||
| Filehne | Wieleń | 28% | 72% | Czarnikau | ||
| Gnesen | Gniezno | 67% | 33% | |||
| Hohensalza | Inowrocław | 64% | 36% | |||
| Kolmar | Chodzież | 18% | 82% | |||
| Mogilno | Mogilno | 76% | 24% | |||
| Schubin | Szubin | 56% | 44% | |||
| Strelno | Strzelno | 82% | 18% | ?? | ||
| Wirsitz | Wyrzysk | 47% | 53% | |||
| Witkowo | Witkowo | 83% | 17% | ?Gnesen? | ||
| Wongrowitz | Wągrowiec | 77% | 23% | |||
| Znin | Żnin | 77% | 23% | ?? | ||
1 includes bilingual speakers
2 only religious Jews, without regard of their native language
Presidents
The province was headed by presidents (German: Oberpräsidenten). (Powiat rawicki) was a County in the southern administrative district of Posen, in the Prussian Province of Posen. (Powiat szamotulski) was a County in the southern administrative district of Posen, in the Prussian Province of Posen. Kreis Schildberg (Powiat ostrzeszowski) was a County in the southern administrative district of Posen, in the Prussian Province of Posen. (Powiat śmigielski) was a County in the southern administrative district of Posen, in the Prussian Province of Posen. (Powiat śremski) was a County in the southern administrative district of Posen, in the Prussian Province of Posen. Kreis Schroda (Powiat średzki) was a County in the southern administrative district of Posen, in the Prussian Province of Posen. Kreis Schwerin in Posen (Powiat skwierzyński) was a County in the southern administrative district of Posen, in the Prussian Province of Posen Kreis Wreschen (Powiat wrzesiński) was a County in the southern administrative district of Posen, in the Prussian Province of Posen. Bromberg was the northern of two Prussian administrative regions or Regierungsbezirke ' (Rejencja of the Grand Duchy of Posen (1815&ndash49 and Bydgoszcz (Bromberg Bydgostia is a city in northern Poland, on the Brda and Vistula rivers with was one of several Kreise (English counties) in the northern administrative district of Bromberg, in the Prussian Province Kreis Czarnikau was one of many Kreise (counties in the northern administrative district of Bromberg, in the Prussian Province of Posen. Kreis Filehne was one of several Kreise (English counties) in the northern administrative district of Bromberg, in the Prussian Province of Posen Kreis Gnesen is one of several Kreise (English counties) in the northern administrative district of Bromberg, in the Prussian Province of Posen Kreis Hohensalza was one of the counties ( Kreise) in the northern administrative district of Bromberg, in the Prussian Province of Posen. Kreis Kolmar was one of several Kreise (English counties) in the northern administrative district of Bromberg, in the Prussian Province of Posen. Kreis Mogilno was one of many Kreise (counties in the northern administrative district of Bromberg, in the Prussian Province of Posen. Kreis Schubin was a Kreis in Prussia (county in the northern administrative district of Bromberg, in the Province of Posen. was one of several Kreise (English counties) in the northern administrative district of Bromberg, in the Prussian Province Kreis Wirsitz was one of several Kreise (English counties) in the northern administrative district of Bromberg, in the Prussian was one of several Kreise (English counties) in the northern administrative district of Bromberg, in the Prussian Province of Posen. was one of several Kreise (English counties) in the northern administrative district of Bromberg, in the Prussian Province of Posen. Kreis Znin was a Kreis (district in the northern administrative government region of Bromberg, in the Prussian Province of Posen, from 1887-1919 The German language (de ''Deutsch'') is a West Germanic language and one of the world's major languages.
| Time in Office | Name |
| 1815 - 1824 | Joseph Zerboni de Sposetti 1760 - 1831 |
| 1825 - 1830 | Johann Friedrich Theodor von Baumann 1768 - 1830 |
| 1830 - 1840 | Eduard Heinrich Flottwell 1786 - 1865 |
| 1840 - 1842 | Adolf Heinrich Graf von Arnim-Boitzenburg 1803 - 1868 |
| 1843 - 1850 | Carl Moritz von Beurmann 1802 - 1870 |
| 1850 - 1851 | Gustav Carl Gisbert Heinrich Wilhelm Gebhard von Bonin (1. time in office) 1797 - 1878 |
| 1851 - 1860 | Eugen von Puttkamer 1800 - 1874 |
| 1860 - 1862 | Gustav Carl Gisbert Heinrich Wilhelm Gebhard von Bonin (2. time in office) 1797 - 1878 |
| 1862 - 1869 | Carl Wilhelm Heinrich Georg von Horn 1807 - 1889 |
| 1869 - 1873 | Otto Graf von Königsmarck 1815 - 1889 |
| 1873 - 1886 | William Barstow von Guenther 1815 - 1892 |
| 1886 - 1890 | Robert Graf von Zedtlitz-Trützschler 1837 - 1914 |
| 1890 - 1899 | Hugo Freiherr von Wilamowitz-Moellendorff 1840-1905 |
| 1899 - 1903 | Karl Julius Rudolf von Bitter 1846 - 1914 |
| 1903 - 1911 | Wilhelm August Hans von Waldow-Reitzenstein 1856 - 1937 |
| 1911 - 1914 | Philipp Schwartzkopf ? |
| 1914 - 1918 | Joh. Karl Friedr. Moritz Ferd. v. Eisenhart-Rothe 1862-1942 |
External links
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