Propionaldehyde
IUPAC name	Propionaldehyde
Systematic name	Propanal
Other names	Methylacetaldehyde; propionic aldehyde; propaldehyde
Identifiers
CAS number	[123-38-6]
UN number	1275
SMILES	CCC=O
Properties
Molecular formula	C3H6O
Molar mass	58. IUPAC Nomenclature is a system of naming Chemical compounds and of describing the science of Chemistry in general IUPAC Nomenclature is a system of naming Chemical compounds and of describing the science of Chemistry in general CAS registry numbers are unique numerical identifiers for Chemical compounds Polymers biological sequences mixtures and Alloys They are also referred to UN numbers or UN IDs are four-digit numbers that identify Hazardous substances, and articles (such as explosives flammable liquids toxic substances etc A chemical formula is a way of expressing information about the Atoms that constitute a particular Chemical compound, and how the relationship between those atoms changes Molar mass, symbol M, is the Mass of one mole of a substance ( Chemical element or Chemical compound) 080 g mol−1
Appearance	Colorless liquid Pungent, marty odor
Density	0. The density of a material is defined as its Mass per unit Volume: \rho = \frac{m}{V} Different materials usually have different 81 g cm−3
Melting point	−81 °C (192 K)
Boiling point	46-50 °C (321 K)
Solubility in water	20 g/100 mL
Viscosity	0. The melting point of a solid is the temperature range at which it changes state from solid to Liquid. The boiling point of a liquid is the temperature at which the Vapor pressure of the liquid equals the environmental pressure surrounding the liquid Solubility is the characteristic Physical property referring to the ability of a given substance the Solute, to dissolve in a Solvent. Water is a common Chemical substance that is essential for the survival of all known forms of Life. Viscosity is a measure of the resistance of a Fluid which is being deformed by either Shear stress or Extensional stress. 6 cP at 20°C
Structure
Molecular shape	C1, O: sp2 C2, C3: sp3
Dipole moment	2. The poise (symbol P pwɑːz is the unit of dynamic Viscosity in the Centimetre gram second system of units. Molecular geometry or molecular structure is the three- Dimensional arrangement of the Atoms that constitute a Molecule. In physics there are two kinds of dipoles ( Hellènic: di(s- = two- and pòla = pivot hinge An electric dipole is a 52 D
Hazards
EU classification	Highly flammable (F) Irritant (Xi)
NFPA 704	3 2 2
R-phrases	R11, R36/37/38
S-phrases	S9, S16, S29
Flash point	−26 °C
Autoignition temperature	175 °C
Related compounds
Related aldehydes	Formaldehyde Acetaldehyde Butyraldehyde
Except where noted otherwise, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C, 100 kPa) Infobox disclaimer and references

Propionaldehyde or propanal is the organic compound with the formula CH₃CH₂CHO. An organic compound is any member of a large class of Chemical compounds whose Molecules contain Carbon. It is a saturate 3-carbon aldehyde and is a structural isomer of acetone. An aldehyde is an organic compound containing a terminal Carbonyl group. Structural isomerism, or constitutional isomerism, is a form of isomerism in which Molecules with the same Molecular formula have Atoms Acetone (also known as propanone, dimethyl ketone, 2-propanone, propan-2-one and β-ketopropane) is a colorless mobile flammable It is a colourless liquid with a slightly irritating, fruity odour.

Propionaldehyde is mainly produced through the hydroformylation, by combining synthesis gas (carbon monoxide and hydrogen) with ethylene using a metal catalyst:

CO + H₂ + C₂H₄ → CH₃CH₂CHO

Uses

It is principally used as a precursor to "trimethylolethane" (CH₃C(CH₂OH)₃) through a condensation reaction with methanol; this triol is an important intermediate in the production of alkyd resins. Hydroformylation, also known as oxo synthesis, is an important industrial process for the production of aldehydes from alkenes Syngas (from syn thesis gas) is the name given to a gas mixture that contains varying amounts of Carbon monoxide and Hydrogen. Carbon monoxide, with the chemical formula CO is a colorless odorless tasteless yet highly toxic Gas. Hydrogen (ˈhaɪdrədʒən is the Chemical element with Atomic number 1 Structure This Hydrocarbon has four Hydrogen Atoms bound to a pair of Carbon atoms that are connected by a Double bond. Catalysis is the process in which the rate of a Chemical reaction is increased by means of a Chemical substance known as a catalyst A condensation reaction is a Chemical reaction in which two Molecules or moieties ( Functional groups) combine to form one single molecule together with Methanol, also known as methyl alcohol, carbinol, wood alcohol, wood naphtha or wood spirits, is a Chemical compound Alkyd coatings are a class of Polyester coatings derived from the reaction of an Alcohol (alkohol and an acid or acid Anhydride hence the term alk-yd from Resin, not to be confused with Rosin, is a Hydrocarbon Secretion of many Plants particularly coniferous trees.

Condensation of propionaldehyde with tert-butylamine gives CH₃CH₂CH=N-t-Bu, a three-carbon building block used in organic synthesis. tert -Butylamine is an organic chemical compound (specifically an Amine) with the formula (CH33CNH2 and occurs as a colorless Organic synthesis is a special branch of Chemical synthesis and is concerned with the construction of Organic compounds via Organic reactions Organic Deprotonation of this imine with LDA produces CH₃CHLiCH=N-t-Bu, which in turn condenses with aldehydes. An imine is a Functional group or Chemical compound containing a Carbon – Nitrogen Double bond. An aldehyde is an organic compound containing a terminal Carbonyl group. ^[1]

References

1. ^ Peralta, M. M. "Propionaldehyde t-Butylimine" in Encyclopedia of Reagents for Organic Synthesis (Ed: L. Paquette) 2004, J. Wiley & Sons, New York. DOI: 10. 1002/047084289.