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Project Alberta was a section of the Manhattan Project which developed the means of delivering the first atomic bombs, used by the United States Army Air Forces against the Empire of Japan during World War II. The World War II Manhattan Project developed the first Nuclear weapon (atomic bomb Nuclear weapons delivery is the technology and systems used to place a Nuclear weapon at the position of Detonation, on or near its intended target A nuclear weapon is an explosive device that derives its destructive force from Nuclear reactions either fission or a combination of fission and fusion. The United States Army Air Forces ( USAAF) was the military aviation arm of the United States of America during and immediately after World War II. World War II, or the Second World War, (often abbreviated WWII) was a global military conflict which involved a majority of the world's nations, including Also known as Project A, the mission of Project Alberta was three-fold: (1) design a bomb shape for delivery by airplane, then procure and assemble it; (2) continue the testing work of Army Air Force Projects W-47 (ballistic testing of atomic bomb design) and Silverplate (modification of B-29s to perform the mission); and (3) train aircrews and ordnance crews in preparation for deployment overseas. Silverplate was the code reference for the United States Army Air Forces participation in the Manhattan Project during World War II. Project Alberta consisted of approximately 55 scientists, engineers and military personnel who worked in conjunction with the 509th Composite Group, commanded by Colonel Paul W. Tibbets. The 509th Composite Group was an air combat unit of the United States Army Air Forces during the Second World War and as the 509th Operations Group, is Paul Warfield Tibbets Jr ( February 23, 1915 &ndash November 1, 2007) was a Brigadier general in the United States Air Force

Project Alberta began in the October 1943 as Group E-7 of the Ordnance Division at Los Alamos under Dr. Norman F. Ramsey, with parallel military work being conducted by the USAAF 216th Base Unit at Wendover Army Air Field, Utah, under the name Project W-47. Norman Foster Ramsey Jr (born August 27, 1915, in Washington DC) is an American Physicist. Wendover Air Force Base is a former United States Air Force base in Utah now known as Wendover Airport. The State of Utah (ˈjuːtɔː or) is a western state of the United States. Initial work included designing the exterior casings for the bombs, and discerning the ballistics information necessary to achieve reasonable accuracy and develop delivery tactics for protection of the crew from the resulting blast. For this task the initial Silverplate B-29 modification, known as the Pullman B-29, was used in flight tests at Muroc Army Air Field in March and June 1944. Silverplate was the code reference for the United States Army Air Forces participation in the Manhattan Project during World War II. Edwards Air Force Base is a United States Air Force base located on the border of Kern County and Los Angeles County California in the Antelope

Much of its work, particularly from March 1945 forward, consisted in training aircrews, using B-29 Superfortresses modified to "Silverplate" specifications, and in training members of the 1st Ordnance Squadron (Special, Aviation), a highly classified unit of the 509th CG created March 6, 1945, whose function was to assemble the bombs on Tinian. Silverplate was the code reference for the United States Army Air Forces participation in the Manhattan Project during World War II. Events 1079 - Omar Khayyám completes the Iranian calendar. 1454 - Thirteen Years' War: Delegates of Year 1945 ( MCMXLV) was a Common year starting on Monday (link will display the full calendar Tinian (ˈtɪniən /ˌtiːniˈɑːn/ is one of the three principal islands of the Commonwealth of the Northern Marianas Islands (14°59’51”N 145°37’39”E Project Alberta was also responsible for developing the radar altimeters, timing clocks, and barometric switches placed in the weapons to keep them from prematurely detonating aboard the aircraft, before reaching detonation altitude, or remotely by emissions from Japanese equipment. Radar is a system that uses electromagnetic waves to identify the range altitude direction or speed of both moving and fixed objects such as Aircraft, ships An altimeter is an instrument used to measure the Altitude of an object above a fixed level

After completion of its development and training missions, Project Alberta assigned 51 of its members designated as the 1st Technical Service Detachment (but referred to as the Destination Team) to the 509th CG at North Field, Tinian. Selection of Tinian had been made by Cdr. Frederick L. Ashworth in February 1945 after an on-location visit, and under his command the Destination Team was responsible for the preparation of facilities to assemble and load the weapons, and to supervise their use during the actual missions. Vice Admiral Frederick L "Dick" Ashworth ( January 24, 1912 &mdash December 3 2005) was a United States Navy officer

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