In Greek mythology, Procris was the daughter of Erechtheus, king of Athens and his wife, Praxithea. Greek mythology is the body of stories belonging to the ancient Greeks concerning their gods and Heroes the nature of the world and the origins and significance Erechtheus (Ἐρεχθεύς in Greek Mythology was the name of a King of Athens, and a secondary name for two other characters In Homer Athens (ˈæθənz Αθήνα Athina,) the Capital and largest city of Greece, dominates the Attica periphery as one of the world's In Greek mythology, Praxithea (Πραξιθέα or Pasithea was a name attributed to five women She married Cephalus, the son of Deion. Cephalus is an Ancient Greek name used both for historical persons and for characters in Greek mythology. In Greek mythology, Deioneus (Δηιονεύς or Deion (Δηίων is a name attributed to the following individuals Son of Aeolus, Procris had at least two sisters, Creusa and Orithyia. In Greek mythology, four people had the name Creusa (or Kreousa - Κρέουσα the name means simply "princess" In Greek mythology, Oreithyia (Orithyia Orithyea Oreithyea Oreithuia was the daughter of King Erechtheus of Athens and his wife Praxithea
The earliest version of Procris' story comes from Pherecydes. Cephalus remains away from home for eight years, because he wanted to test Procris. When he returns, he succeeds in seducing her while disguised. Although they are reconciled, Procris suspects that her husband has a lover, because he is often away hunting. A servant tells her that Cephalus called to Nephele (cloud) to come to him. Procris follows him the next time he goes hunting, and leaps out of the thicket where she is hiding when she hears him call out to Nephele again. He is startled and shoots her with an arrow, thinking that she is a wild animal, and kills her.
In Ovid's later account, the goddess of the dawn, Eos (Aurora to the Romans) seizes Cephalus while he is hunting, but Cephalus begins to pine for Procris. Publius Ovidius Naso ( March 20, 43 BC – 17 AD was a Roman poet known to the English -speaking world as Ovid who wrote on many topics including For other uses of the name Eos see Eos (disambiguation. For the Slavic goddesses called the Auroras see The Zorya. This article is about the Roman goddess of dawn for the asteroid see 94 Aurora. Cephalus is an Ancient Greek name used both for historical persons and for characters in Greek mythology. A disgruntled Eos returns Cephalus to his wife, but offers to show Cephalus how easily Procris would be seduced by another stranger. He therefore goes home in disguise. He pushes Procris to "hesitate" by promising her money before claiming that she is unfaithful. Procris flees to take up the pursuits of Diana, and is later persuaded to return to her husband, bringing him a magical spear and hunting dog as a gift. The transformation scene centers on the dog, which always catches its quarry, and the uncatchable fox; Jupiter turns them into stone. The tale resumes with a similar ending to that of Pherecydes, as Procris is informed of her husband's calling out to "Aura," the Latin word for breeze. Cephalus kills her by accident when she stirs in the bushes nearby, upset at his beeseching of "beloved Aura" to "come into his lap and give relief to his heat. " Procris dies in his arms after begging him not to let Aura take her place as his wife. He explains to her that it was 'only the breeze' and she seems to die at ease. [1]
Ovid tells the end of the story a bit differently in the third of his books on The Art of Love. Publius Ovidius Naso ( March 20, 43 BC – 17 AD was a Roman poet known to the English -speaking world as Ovid who wrote on many topics including [2] [3] No goddesses are mentioned in this earlier published work, and the tale is related as a caution against credulity. Cephalus quite innocently beseeches a cool breeze (Zephyr,[2] or Aura[3]) to come to his overheated breast when he lies in the shade after hunting. A busybody related the overheard comment to Procris, who grew pale with terror that her husband loved another, and hastened in fury to the valley, then crept silently to the forest where Cephalus hunted. When she saw him flop on the grass to cool himself and call, as was his wont, to Zephyri to come relieve him, Procris realized that what she had taken to be the name of a lover was merely a name for the air and nothing more. Joyfully she rose to fling herself into his arms, but hearing a rustling of foliage, Cephalus shot an arrow at what he thought would be a wild beast in the brush. Dying, the woman laments that the breeze by whose name she was deceived would now carry away her spirit, and her husband weeps, holding her in his arms.
Apollodorus gives an entirely different characterization of Procris. He states that Procris was bribed with a golden crown to sleep with Pteleon, but was discovered in his bed by her husband. After fleeing to Minos, she helped cure him of his genital sickness, and was given a dog whom no quarry could escape and an infallible javelin. In Greek mythology, Minos ( Ancient Greek:) was a mythical king of Crete son of Zeus and Europa. A quarry is a type of open-pit mine from which rock or Minerals are extracted Apollodorus writes that she gave the dog and javelin to her husband, and they were reconciled. Hyginus (who states that the dog and javelin gifts from the goddess Artemis) and Antoninus, however, write that she disguised herself as a boy and seduced her husband, so that he too was guilty, and they were reconciled. Gaius Julius Hyginus (ca 64 BC &ndash AD 17 was a Latin author but whether a native of Spain or of Alexandria is not sure a pupil of the famous In Greek mythology, Artemis language|Greek] ( Nominative), ( Genitive))] was the daughter of Zeus and Leto, and the twin sister Antoninus may refer to Antoninus Pius (86–161 or other Antonines, especially Marcus Aurelius Caracalla (186–217 While Apollodorus writes that her death was a hunting accident, Hyginus states that she suspected her husband of having a lover and was killed by him, just as in Ovid's account. As she lay dying in his arms, she told him "On our wedding vows, please never marry Aurora. " Cephalus went into exile.
The name of the dog is Laelaps. Laelaps was a Greek mythological dog who never failed to catch what he was hunting The story of the hunting of the Teumessian fox, which could never be caught, and which Zeus turned to stone along with Procris' dog when the dog hunted it, and the death of Procris were told in one of the lost early Greek epics of the "Cycle", most probably the Epigoni. In Greek mythology, the Teumessian fox (Alopekos Teumesios was a gigantic Fox that was destined never to be caught Cyclic Poets is a shorthand term for the early Greek epic poets, approximate contemporaries of Homer. Epigoni ( Greek: Επίγονοι Epigonoi "The Progeny" was an early Greek epic a sequel to the Thebaid and therefore Sophocles wrote a tragedy called Procris which has been lost.
Procris is also the name of the eldest daughter of Thespius and Megamede. She bore Heracles twin sons, Antileon and Hippeus. In Greek mythology, Heracles or Herakles ("glory of Hera " or Hippeis is also an incorrect spelling for Hippies ' Hippeis was the Greek term for Cavalry.
References
- ^ Ovid, Metamorphoses vii. 690-862
- ^ a b J. Lewis May's translation, The Art of Love
- ^ a b A. S. Kline's translation, The Gutenberg Museum Mainz
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