| Probus | |
| Emperor of the Roman Empire | |
 Bust of Probus |
|
| Reign | 276 - September/October, 282 |
|---|---|
| Full name | Marcus Aurelius Probus |
| Born | c. The Roman Emperor was the ruler of the Roman State during the imperial period (starting at about 27 BC The Roman Empire was the post-Republican phase of the ancient Roman civilization, characterised by an autocratic form of government and large territorial Events By Place Roman Empire Emperor Marcus Claudius Tacitus is slain by his own troops in Sicily. Events By Place Roman Empire Emperor Probus is slain in a battle against the usurper Carus, an Illyrian and Praetorian August 19, 232 |
| Birthplace | Sirmium (Sremska Mitrovica, Serbia) |
| Died | September/October, 282 |
| Place of death | Sirmium (Sremska Mitrovica, Serbia) |
| Predecessor | Florianus |
| Successor | Carus |
Marcus Aurelius Probus (c. August 19, 232–September/October, 282) was a Roman Emperor (276–282). Events 43 BC - Octavian, later known as Augustus compels the Roman Senate to elect him Consul. Events By Topic Religion Relics of St Thomas are brought to Edessa from India. Events By Place Roman Empire Emperor Probus is slain in a battle against the usurper Carus, an Illyrian and Praetorian The Roman Emperor was the ruler of the Roman State during the imperial period (starting at about 27 BC Events By Place Roman Empire Emperor Marcus Claudius Tacitus is slain by his own troops in Sicily.
A native of Sirmium (now Sremska Mitrovica, Serbia), in Pannonia, at an early age he entered the army, where he distinguished himself under the Emperors Valerian, Aurelian and Tacitus. Sirmium in Pannonia should not be confused with Sirmio on Lake Garda Sirmium (today Sremska Mitrovica, Serbia) was an ancient Sremska Mitrovica ( Serbian Cyrillic: Сремска Митровица is a city and municipality located Serbia (Србија Srbija) officially the Republic of Serbia (Република Србија Republika Srbija) is a Landlocked Country Pannonia is an ancient province of the Roman Empire bounded north and east by the Danube, coterminous westward with Noricum and upper Italy, For other uses see Valerian. Publius Licinius Valerianus (c 200 - after 260 commonly known in English as Valerian Lucius Domitius Aurelianus ( September 9, 214 or 215 &ndashSeptember or October 275 known in English as Aurelian, Roman Emperor (270&ndash275 Marcus Claudius Tacitus (ca 200 - June 276 was a Roman Emperor from September 25, 275, to June 276 He was appointed governor of the East by Tacitus, at whose death he was immediately proclaimed his successor by the soldiers (276).
Florianus, who had claimed to succeed his half-brother Tacitus, was put to death by his own troops after an indecisive campaign. Marcus Annius Florianus (died 276 commonly known as Florian in English was a Roman Emperor who ruled in 276 Probus moved to the West, defeated the Goths acquiring the title of Gothicus (280), and saw his position ratified by the Senate. Events By Place Roman Empire Emperor Probus suppresses the revolt of the usurper Proculus. The Roman Senate was a political institution in Ancient Rome.
The reign of Probus was mainly spent in successful wars by which he re-established the security of all the frontiers. The most important of these operations were directed to clearing Gaul of German invaders (Franks, Longiones, Alamanni and Burgundians), allowing Probus to adopt the titles of Gothicus Maximus and Germanicus Maximus. Gaul (Gallia was the Roman name for the region of Western Europe comprising present day northern Italy, France, Belgium, western The Franks or Frankish people (Franci or gens Francorum) were West Germanic tribes first identified in the 3rd century as an Ethnic group For Polish place-names see Ługi. The Lugii, Lugi, Lygii, Ligii, Lugiones, Lygians The Alamanni, Allemanni, or Alemanni were originally an alliance of Germanic tribes located around the upper Main river ( Germany The Burgundians or Burgundes were an East Germanic tribe which may have emigrated from mainland Scandinavia to the island of Bornholm, whose One of his principles was never to allow the soldiers to be idle, and to employ them in time of peace on useful works, such as the planting of vineyards in Gaul, Pannonia and other districts, in order to restart the economy in these devastated lands.
In 279-280, Probus was, according to Zosimus, in Raetia, Illyricum and Lycia, where he fought the Vandals. Events By Place Roman Empire In the Balkans Probus defeats the Burgundians and the Vandals. Events By Place Roman Empire Emperor Probus suppresses the revolt of the usurper Proculus. Zosimus ( ''fl'' 490s-510s was a Byzantine historian who lived in Constantinople during the reign of the Byzantine Emperor Anastasius Raetia (so always in inscriptions classical manuscripts usually use the form Rhaetia) was a province of the Roman Empire, bounded on the west by the country The Roman province of Illyricum replaced the formerly independent kingdom of Illyria. "Sidyma" redirects here For the Moth Genus named thus see Sidyma (moth. In the same years, Probus' generals defeated the Blemmyes in Aegyptus Province; Probus ordered the reconstruction of bridges and canals along the Nile, where the production of grain for the Empire was centered. The Blemmyes ( Latin Blemmyae) are a race of Legendary creatures that were said to live in Africa, in Nubia, Kush, or Ægyptus redirects here See Egypt Province for the province of the Ottoman Empire
In 280-281, Probus had also put down three usurpers, Julius Saturninus, Proculus and Bonosus. Events Births Aquilina, Christian saint Deaths Julius Saturninus (d 280 was a Roman usurper against Emperor Probus. Proculus (d c 281 was a Roman usurper, one of the "minor pretenders" according to Historia Augusta; he took the purple against Emperor Bonosus was a Roman usurper. Born in Hispania, his father was from Britain and his mother from Gaul. The extent of these revolts is not clear, but there are clues that they were not just local problems[1]. In 281, the emperor was in Rome, where he celebrated his triumph. A Roman triumph ( la [[wikttriumphus triumphus]], Old Latin la triumpus, attested as the exclamation la TRIVMPE in the Carmen Arvale; via
Probus was eager to start his eastern campaign, delayed by the revolts in the west. He left Rome in 282, moving first towards Sirmium, his birth city, when the news that Marcus Aurelius Carus, commander of the Praetorian Guard, had been proclaimed emperor reached him. Marcus Aurelius Carus (c 230 - late July/early August 283 was a Roman Emperor (282-283 The Praetorian Guard ( Latin: PRÆTORIANI was a special force of Guards used by Roman Emperors Before being appropriated Probus sent some troops against the new usurper, but when those troops changed sides and supported Carus, Probus's soldiers then assassinated him (September/October 282).
Contents |
Notes
References
Primary Sources
- Aurelius Victor, Epitome de Caesaribus
- Eutropius, Breviarium ab urbe condita
- Historia Augusta, Life of Probus
- Joannes Zonaras, Compendium of History extract: Zonaras: Alexander Severus to Diocletian: 222-284
- Zosimus, Historia Nova
Secondary Sources
- Mc Mahon, Robin, "Probus (276-282 A.D.) and Rival Claimants (Proculus, Bonosus, and Saturninus) of the 280s", DIR
- This article incorporates text from the Encyclopædia Britannica Eleventh Edition, a publication now in the public domain. Sextus Aurelius Victor (ca 320-ca 390 was an historian and politician of the Roman Empire. For the Byzantine officer see also Eutropius (Byzantine official (396-397 The Augustan History ( Lat Historia Augusta) is a late Roman collection of biographies in Latin of the Roman Emperors their junior Joannes (John Zonaras ( Greek:; ''fl'' 12th century was a Byzantine chronicler and theologian, who lived at Constantinople. Zosimus ( ''fl'' 490s-510s was a Byzantine historian who lived in Constantinople during the reign of the Byzantine Emperor Anastasius The Encyclopædia Britannica Eleventh Edition (1910–1911 is a 29-volume reference work that marked the beginning of the Encyclopædia Britannica The public domain is a range of abstract materials &ndash commonly referred to as Intellectual property &ndash which are not owned or controlled by anyone
- Probus Marcus Aurelius
External links
- Probus, article at NumisWiki
"Marcus Aurelius Probus". Catholic Encyclopedia. The Catholic Encyclopedia, also referred to today as the Old Catholic Encyclopedia, is an English-language Encyclopedia published by The Encyclopedia (1913). New York: Robert Appleton Company.
| Preceded by Florianus |
Roman Emperor 276–282 |
Succeeded by Carus |
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