A privy council is a body that advises the head of state of a respective nation, typically, but not always, in the context of a monarchic government. Head of state is the generic term for the individual or collective office that serves as the chief public representative of a Monarchic or Republican Nation-state A monarchy is a Form of government in which supreme power is actually or nominally lodged in an individual who is the Head of state, often for life or

The word "privy" means "private" or "secret" thus a privy council was originally a committee of the monarch's closest advisors to give confidential advice on affairs of state. A committee (some of which are titled instead as a "Commission" or other terms discussed below in) is a type of small Deliberative assembly that is usually intended

In non-monarchical nations (e. g. the United States) the equivalent body is the "cabinet" although some nations have both a privy council organized around the monarch and a cabinet organized around the prime minister, such as the United Kingdom although in this case the Cabinet is technically a committee of the Privy Council. The United States of America —commonly referred to as the A cabinet is a body of high-ranking members of Government, typically representing the executive branch. The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, commonly known as the United Kingdom, the UK or Britain,is a Sovereign state located

Contents 1 United Kingdom and Commonwealth 1.1 Commonwealth 2 Canada 3 France 4 Others 5 See also 5.1 Country-related articles 6 External links 7 References

United Kingdom and Commonwealth

Main article: Privy Council of the United Kingdom

In the United Kingdom, the Privy Council, formally Her Majesty's Most Honourable Privy Council, consists of all the members of the Cabinet, former Cabinet ministers, and other distinguished persons appointed by the Sovereign. Her Majesty's Most Honourable Privy Council is a body of advisors to the British Sovereign. The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, commonly known as the United Kingdom, the UK or Britain,is a Sovereign state located Her Majesty's Most Honourable Privy Council is a body of advisors to the British Sovereign. In the Politics of the United Kingdom, the Cabinet is a formal body composed of the most senior government ministers chosen by the Prime Minister Its functions include issuing Orders-in-Council, granting Royal Charters, and acting as a court of appeal from British Courts in overseas territories. An Order-in-Council is a type of legislation in Commonwealth Realms. A Royal Charter is a Charter granted by the Sovereign on the advice of the Privy council to legitimize an incorporated body such as a city company ^[1] The Cabinet remains formally a committee of the Privy Council. In the Politics of the United Kingdom, the Cabinet is a formal body composed of the most senior government ministers chosen by the Prime Minister

Historically, the privy council was the main council of government, but gradually was replaced in this by the "cabinet council", later the Cabinet, first established by Charles I. England and Scotland once had separate Privy Councils, but the Act of Union 1707, which united the two countries into Great Britain, replaced both with a single body. England is a Country which is part of the United Kingdom. Its inhabitants account for more than 83% of the total UK population whilst its mainland Scotland ( Gaelic: Alba) is a Country in northwest Europethat occupies the northern third of the island of Great Britain. The Acts of Union were a pair of Parliamentary Acts passed during 1706 and 1707 by the Parliament of England and the Parliament of Scotland to put into See also Kingdom of Great Britain Great Britain (Breatainn Mhòr Prydain Fawr Breten Veur Graet Breetain is the larger of the two main islands Ireland, on the other hand, continued to have a separate Privy Council even after the Act of Union 1800. Ireland (pronounced /ˈaɾlənd/ Éire) is the third largest island in Europe, and the twentieth-largest island in the world The phrase Act of Union 1800 (or sometimes Act of Union 1801) (Acht an Aontais 1800 is used to describe two complementary Acts whose official United Kingdom titles are The Irish Privy Council was abolished in 1922, when the Irish Free State separated from the United Kingdom; it was succeeded by the Privy Council for Northern Ireland, which became dormant after the suspension of the Parliament of Northern Ireland in 1972. Year 1922 ( MCMXXII) was a Common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. The Irish Free State (Saorstát Éireann (1922&ndash1937 was the state established as a Dominion on 6 December 1922 under the Anglo-Irish Treaty, signed by Members of the Privy Council of Northern Ireland (1922-1972 1922 Thomas Brown (1879–1944 1922 Hugh Pollock (1852–1937 The Parliament of Northern Ireland was the home rule Legislature of Northern Ireland, created under the Government of Ireland Act 1920, Year 1972 ( MCMLXXII) was a Leap year starting on Saturday (link will display full calendar of the Gregorian calendar.

Privy Council members in the UK are called Privy Counsellors and are addressed as The Right Honourable (shortened to Rt Hon). The Right Honourable (abbreviated as The Rt Hon) is an Honorific prefix that is traditionally applied to certain If they are members of the peerage, they are entitled to use the post-nominal letters PC. The Peerage is a system of Titles of Nobility in the United Kingdom, part of the British honours system.

Commonwealth

The equivalent organ of state in most Commonwealth Realms and some Commonwealth Republics and their constituent provinces or states is called the Executive Council. A Commonwealth realm is any one of 16 sovereign states within the Commonwealth of Nations that each have Elizabeth II as their respective Monarch A Commonwealth republic is any one of the 31 sovereign states of the Commonwealth of Nations with a Republican form of government The British Privy Council is also the ultimate judiciary body — equivalent to a Supreme Court — for many Commonwealth countries that were formerly part of the British Empire (e. The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, commonly known as the United Kingdom, the UK or Britain,is a Sovereign state located In Law, the judiciary or judicial system is the system of Courts which administer Justice in the name of the sovereign or State A supreme court, also called a court of last resort or high court, is in some Jurisdictions the highest judicial body within that jurisdiction's The British Empire was the largest empire in history and for over a century was the foremost global power. g. Jamaica, Belize, Trinidad and Tobago) and Britain's continuing overseas territories (e. Jamaica (ˈdʒəˈmeɪkə} is an Island nation of the Greater Antilles, in length and as much as in width situated in the Caribbean Sea. Belize (bəˈliːz formerly British Honduras, is a country in Central America. The Republic of Trinidad and Tobago (ˈtrɪnɪdæd ən təˈbeɪgoʊ is an archipelagic state in the southern Caribbean, lying northeast of the South American g. Bermuda, Falkland Islands). Ba (officially The Bermuda Islands or The Somers Isles) is a British overseas territory in the North Atlantic Ocean. Privy Council decisions are not binding on courts in England, but as the judges of the Privy Council are usually the same judges who sit in the House of Lords, the decisions are considered highly persuasive. The House of Lords, in addition to having a legislative function has a judicial function as a Court of last resort within the United Kingdom.

Canada

Canada has had its own Privy Council — the Queen's Privy Council for Canada — since 1867 (though while the Canadian Privy Council is specifically "for Canada," the Privy Council discussed above is not "for the United Kingdom"), the members of whose Privy Council advise the Governor General on the exercise of the royal prerogative of mercy. Country to "Dominion of Canada" or "Canadian Federation" or anything else please read the Talk Page The Queen's Privy Council for Canada (QPC (Conseil privé de la Reine pour le Canada (CPR sometimes called Her Majesty's Privy Council for Canada or the Privy Council Year 1867 ( MDCCCLXVII) was a Common year starting on Tuesday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common year starting The term governor general or governor-general refers to a vice-regal representative of a Monarch in an independent realm or a major colonial circonscription In the British tradition the Prerogative of Mercy is one of the historic Royal Prerogatives of the British monarch in which he or she can grant Pardons to

France

Main article: Conseil du Roi

The French term conseil privé corresponds to several royal councils around the king of France during the Ancien Régime designed to prepare his decisions and give him advice. The Conseil du Roi or King's Council is a general term for the administrative and governmental apparatus around the king of France during the Ancien Régime Ancien Régime ( pronounced: /ɑ̃sjɛ̃ ʁeʒim/ refers primarily to the aristocratic social and political system established in

Others

Denmark and island-nation monarchy Tonga also have Privy Councils (see Privy Council of Denmark and [1]), as did Germany (see Geheimrat). The Kingdom of Denmark ( ˈd̥ænmɑɡ̊ (archaic ˈd̥anmɑːɡ̊ commonly known as Denmark, is a country in the Scandinavian region of northern Europe The Kingdom of Tonga is an Archipelago in the south Pacific Ocean comprising 169 islands 36 of them inhabited stretching over a distance of about 800 kilometres (500 miles The Council of State ( Statsrådet) is the Privy council of Denmark. Geheimrat was the title of the highest officials of a German royal or principal court and also of very eminent professors in some German universities Russia and Sweden used to have Privy Councils in the past (see Supreme Privy Council and Privy Council of Sweden). Russia (Россия Rossiya) or the Russian Federation ( Rossiyskaya Federatsiya) is a transcontinental Country extending "Sverige" redirects here For other uses see Sweden (disambiguation and Sverige (disambiguation. The Supreme Privy Council of Imperial Russia was founded on 8 February 1726 as a body of advisors to Catherine I. The High Council of Sweden or Council of the Realm (in Swedish Riksrådet until 1687 sometimes Latinised as Senatus Regni Sueciae) consisted originally Brunei has both a cabinet and a privy council. Brunei Darussalam, (bruːˈnaɪ in English officially the State of Brunei Abode of Peace (Negara Brunei Darussalam Jawi: برني دارالسلام The politics of Brunei take place in a framework of an Absolute monarchy, whereby the Sultan of Brunei is both Head of state and Head of

See also

• Crown Council
• Council of State
• State Council

Country-related articles

•  Australia: Federal Executive Council of Australia
•  Canada:
  • Queen's Privy Council for Canada
  • Privy Council Office (Canada)
•  Denmark: Danish Council of State
•  France: Conseil du Roi
• : Geheimrat
• Ireland: Privy Council of Ireland
•  Japan: Privy Council (Japan)
•  New Zealand: Executive Council of New Zealand
• Northern Ireland: Privy Council of Northern Ireland (list)
•  Russia:
  • Supreme Privy Council
  • Table of Ranks (for Privy Counsellor as a title in Imperial Russia)
•  Scotland: Privy Council of Scotland
•  Sweden: Privy Council of Sweden
•  Poland: Senate of the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth [2] and Senatorial offices of Poland [3]
•  Tonga: Privy Council of Tonga
•  Thailand: Privy Council (Thailand)
•  United Kingdom:
  • Privy Council of the United Kingdom
  • Judicial Committee of the Privy Council

External links

• Privy Council Office
• Membership of the Privy Council
• Leigh Rayment's Privy Council Page

References

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