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This article is about Preston, Lancashire. For other uses, see Preston (disambiguation).
Preston
Skyline of Preston city centre as seen from the east
Skyline of Preston city centre as seen from the east
Shown within Lancashire
Shown within Lancashire
Country United Kingdom
Constituent Country England
Region North West England
County Lancashire
District Preston
Government
 - Type Borough
 - Local Authority Preston City Council
 - mp Nigel Evans, Mark Hendrick, Michael Jack
Area
 - City 54. Lancashire is a non-metropolitan county of historic origin in the North West of England, bounded to the west by the Irish Sea The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, commonly known as the United Kingdom, the UK or Britain,is a Sovereign state located Constituent country is a phrase used often by official institutions in contexts in which a country makes up a part of a larger entity or grouping England is a Country which is part of the United Kingdom. Its inhabitants account for more than 83% of the total UK population whilst its mainland The region, also known as the government office region, is currently the highest tier of local government sub-national entity of England, with only one North West England is one of the nine official Regions of England. The ceremonial counties are areas of England that are appointed a Lord-Lieutenant, and are defined by the government as the Counties for the purposes of the Lieutenancies Lancashire is a non-metropolitan county of historic origin in the North West of England, bounded to the west by the Irish Sea The districts of England are a level of subnational division of England used for the purposes of local government Nigel Martin Evans (born 10 November 1957) is a British Politician. Mark Phillip Hendrick (born 2 November 1958) British Politician and is the Labour Co-operative Member of Parliament for John Michael Jack (born September 17, 1946 in Folkestone, Kent, England) is a Conservative Party politician in the Area is a Quantity expressing the two- Dimensional size of a defined part of a Surface, typically a region bounded by a closed Curve. 9 sq mi (142. The square mile is an imperial and US unit of Area equal the area of a square of one statute mile. 22 km²)
Population
 - City 132,000
 - Urban 365,000 (Central Lancashire)
 - Ethnicity 82. Square Kilometre ( US spelling square kilometer) symbol km2, is a decimal multiple of the SI unit of Central Lancashire, also known as Preston City was a designated new town in England. 3% White British
11. 6% S. Asian
2. 6% White Other
1. 1% White Irish
1. 5% Mixed Race
1. 1% Black British
1. 0% E. Asian and Other
Twin Cities
 - Almelo Flag of the Netherlands Netherlands
 - Kalisz Flag of Poland Poland
 - Nîmes Flag of France France
 - Recklinghausen Flag of Germany Germany
Website: http://preston.gov.uk/

Preston (pronunciation (help·info) IPA: [ˈprɛstən]) is a city and local government district in Lancashire, England, located on the River Ribble. This is a list of " twin towns " or " sister cities " — that is pairs of towns or cities in different countries which have Town twinning arrangements Almelo is a Municipality and a city in the eastern Netherlands. The Netherlands ( Dutch:, ˈnedərlɑnt is the European part of the Kingdom of the Netherlands, which consists of the Netherlands the Netherlands Kalisz is a City in central Poland with 109800 inhabitants (1995 Poland (Polska officially the Republic of Poland Nîmes ( Provençal Occitan: Nimes in both classical and Mistralian norms is a city in southern France. This article is about the country For a topic outline on this subject see List of basic France topics. Recklinghausen (ʁɛklɪŋˈhaʊzən is a City in the Ruhr Area in North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany. Germany, officially the Federal Republic of Germany ( ˈbʊndəsʁepuˌbliːk ˈdɔʏtʃlant is a Country in Central Europe. Non-metropolitan districts, or colloquially ' shire districts', are a type of local government district in England. Lancashire is a non-metropolitan county of historic origin in the North West of England, bounded to the west by the Irish Sea England is a Country which is part of the United Kingdom. Its inhabitants account for more than 83% of the total UK population whilst its mainland The River Ribble is a river that runs through North Yorkshire and Lancashire, in the North of England. Preston was granted the status of a city in 2002,[1] becoming England's 50th city in the 50th year of Queen Elizabeth II's reign. England is a Country which is part of the United Kingdom. Its inhabitants account for more than 83% of the total UK population whilst its mainland For the ship see RMS Queen Elizabeth 2 Elizabeth II (Elizabeth Alexandra Mary Context States headed by Elizabeth II The Mayor of Preston from May 2008 to May 2009 is Councillor John Swindells[2]. The population of the Preston City Council area is c 130,000. The 2001 census shows 184,836 living in the Preston sub-area and c 335,000 living in the Central Lancashire sub-region, which also includes Leyland and Chorley. Leyland is a town in the South Ribble borough of Lancashire, England. Chorley is a Market town in Lancashire, in North West England. [3]

Contents

History

Etymology

Preston is first recorded in the Domesday Book as "Prestune" in 1086. The Domesday Book (ˈduːmzdeɪ bʊk also known as Domesday, or Book of Winchester) was the record of the great survey [4] Various other spellings occur in early documents: "Prestonam" (1094), "Prestone" (1160), "Prestona" (1160), "Presteton" (1180), and "Prestun" (1226). The modern spelling occurs in 1094, 1176, 1196, 1212 and 1332. [5] The town's name is derived from Old English Presta and Tun, the Tun (town or place) of the Presta (priest or priests). [6]

Early development

During the Roman period, the main road from Luguvalium (Carlisle) to Mancunium (Manchester) forded the River Ribble at Walton-le-Dale, ¾ mile (1 km) southeast of the centre of Preston. Ancient Rome was a Civilization that grew out of a small agricultural community founded on the Italian Peninsula as early as the 10th century BC Luguvalium (or possibly Luguvalium Carvetiorum) was a Town in the Roman province of Britannia. The River Ribble is a river that runs through North Yorkshire and Lancashire, in the North of England. Walton-le-Dale is a primarily residential area to the south-east of the city of Preston, Lancashire, England. Here was a Roman camp, probably a regional depot for military equipment or other supplies. At Withy Trees, 1½ miles (2 km) north of Preston, the road crossed another Roman road from Bremetennacum (the Roman fort at Ribchester) to the coast. Bremetennacum (also Bremetonnacum, Bremetenracum or Bresnetenacum Veteranorum) was a Roman fort which is now the village of Ribchester is a village in the Ribble Valley district of Lancashire, England, northwest of Blackburn and east of Preston. [7]

In Ripon in 705 AD the lands near the River Ribble were set on a new foundation, and the parish church was probably erected. Ripon is a Cathedral city, Market town and Civil parish within the Borough of Harrogate, in North Yorkshire, England. The River Ribble is a river that runs through North Yorkshire and Lancashire, in the North of England. Later, Edward the Elder endowed the lands to the Cathedral at York and then, by means of successive transfers the lands were exchanged between lesser churches, hence the origin of the name Priest's Town or Preston. Edward the Elder ( Old English: Ēadweard se Ieldra) (c 870 &ndash 17 July 924) was King of England (899 &ndash York ( is an historic Walled city sited at the confluence of the rivers Ouse and Foss in North Yorkshire, England. An alternative explanation of the origin of the name is that the Priest's Town refers to a priory set up by St. Wilfrid near the Ribble's lowest ford. Wilfrid (c 634 - 24 April 709 was an English Bishop and Saint. This idea is supported by the similarity of the lamb on Preston's crest with that on St. Wilfrid's banner. [8]

Preston was already the most important town in Amounderness (an area of Central Lancashire between the rivers Ribble and Cocker, including The Fylde and Bowland) when first mentioned in the Domesday Book, compiled in 1086; and it was the wealthiest town in Lancashire when assessed for tax purposes in 1218-19. Amounderness ( Andernes in ancient times is an area of northwest England. The River Ribble is a river that runs through North Yorkshire and Lancashire, in the North of England. For the river in Lancashire, see River Cocker (Lancashire. The River Cocker is a river in the Lake District of north-west The Fylde is a coastal Plain in western Lancashire, England. It is roughly a 13-mile (20-kilometre square -shaped Peninsula, bounded The Forest of Bowland, also known as the Bowland Fells, is an area of barren Gritstone Fells deep valleys and Peat Moorland, The Domesday Book (ˈduːmzdeɪ bʊk also known as Domesday, or Book of Winchester) was the record of the great survey [9]

Guild Merchant

The right to hold a Guild Merchant was conferred upon the Burgesses of Preston by a charter of 1179; the associated Preston Guild is a civic celebration held every 20 years, with the next in 2012.

Before 1328 a celebration had been held on an irregular basis, but at the Guild of that year it was decreed that subsequent Guilds should be held every twenty years. After this there were breaks in the pattern for various reasons, but an unbroken series were held from 1542 to 1922. Year 1922 ( MCMXXII) was a Common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. A full 400 year sequence was frustrated by the cancellation of the 1942 Guild due to World War II, but the cycle resumed in 1952. Year 1942 ( MCMXLII) was a Common year starting on Thursday (the link will display the full 1942 calendar of the Gregorian calendar. World War II, or the Second World War, (often abbreviated WWII) was a global military conflict which involved a majority of the world's nations, including Year 1952 ( MCMLII) was a Leap year starting on Tuesday (link will display full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. The expression '(Once) every Preston Guild', meaning 'very infrequently', has passed into fairly common use, especially in Lancashire.

Guild week is always started by the opening of the Guild Court, which since the Sixteenth Century has traditionally been on the first Monday after the feast of the decollation (the beheading) of St John the Baptist. Saint John the Baptist ( heb. Jochanan ben Sacharja, arab. يحيى Yaḥyā or يوحنا Yūḥanna, aram. As well as concerts and other exhibitions, the main events are a series of processions through the city. Numerous street parties are typically also held in the locality

In 1952 the emphasis was on the bright new world emerging after the war. The major event held in Avenham Park had every school participating, and hundreds of children, from toddlers to teenagers, demonstrated different aspects of physical education in the natural amphitheatre of the park.

Pre-Industrial Preston

In the mid-12th century, Preston was in the hundred of Amounderness,in the deanery of Amounderness and the archdeaconry of Richmond. Amounderness ( Andernes in ancient times is an area of northwest England. Richmond is a Market town on the River Swale in North Yorkshire, England and is the administrative centre of the district of Richmondshire The name "Amounderness" is more ancient than the name of any other "Wapentake" or hundred in the County of Lancashire, and the fort at Tulketh, strengthened by William the Conqueror, shows that the strategic importance of the area was appreciated even then. William I of England ( 1027 His reign which brought Norman culture to England had an enormous impact on the subsequent course of England in the Middle Ages [10]

Served by the River Ribble which flows through the city, Preston was so much the principal port of Lancashire that in the run-up to the English Civil War King Charles I demanded a quarter more ship money from Preston than from nearby Lancaster and twice as much as from Liverpool. The River Ribble is a river that runs through North Yorkshire and Lancashire, in the North of England. Charles I, (19 November 1600 &ndash 30 January 1649 was King of England, Scotland and Ireland from 27 March 1625 until his execution. Lancaster (pronounced ˈlæŋˌkæstə or ˈlænˌkæstə is a City in Lancashire, England. Liverpool ( is a City and Metropolitan borough of Merseyside, England along the eastern side of the Mersey Estuary

The location of the city, almost exactly mid-way between Glasgow and London, led to many decisive battles being fought here, most notably during the English Civil War (1648), and the first Jacobite rebellion whose invasion of England was brought to a conclusion by the defeat of the Jacobite army at the Battle of Preston (1715) which remains the most recent major battle on English soil (though there were further battles with Jacobite or allied forces in Scotland in 1718, 1745 and 1746). Glasgow (ˈglæzgoʊ is the largest city in Scotland and third most populous in the United Kingdom London ( ˈlʌndən is the capital and largest urban area in the United Kingdom. The English Civil War (1642-1651 was a series of armed conflicts and political machinations between Parliamentarians and Royalists. Jacobitism was (and to a limited extent remains the political movement dedicated to the restoration of the Stuart kings to the thrones of England, Scotland See Battle of Preston (1648 for the battle of the Second English Civil War. Year 1718 ( MDCCXVIII) was a Common year starting on Saturday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Year 1745 ( MDCCXLV) was a Common year starting on Friday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a

In the last great Jacobite Rising, on 27 November 1745 the Jacobite Prince of Wales and Regent, Bonnie Prince Charlie passed through Preston with his Highland Army on the way south through Chorley and Manchester to Derby intending to take London and the Crown. Events 1095 - Pope Urban II declares the First Crusade at the Council of Clermont Year 1745 ( MDCCXLV) was a Common year starting on Friday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a For the US politician see Charles E Stuart For "Betty Burke" see The 'Forty-Five' below Preston was the first of the very few places in England where the Prince was cheered as he rode by and where he was actually joined by some English volunteers for his Army. From 10 to 12 December the Prince gave his retreating Army a rest in Preston on their long, last and fatal retreat from Derby through Lancaster and Carlisle to their dreadful day of destiny the following 16 April on Culloden Moor near Inverness. Events in December Union Day of Romania (1 December World AIDS Day ( December 1) National Day of Events 1178 BC - A Solar eclipse may have marked the return of Odysseus, legendary King of Ithaca, to his kingdom Inverness (Inbhir Nis iɲɪɾʲˈniʃ is a city in northern Scotland. [11]

Industrial Revolution

The 19th century saw a transformation in Preston from a small market town to a much larger industrial one, as the innovations of the latter half of the previous century such as Richard Arkwright's water frame (invented in Preston) brought cotton mills to many northern English towns. Sir Richard Arkwright ( Old Style 23 December 1732 / New Style 3 January 1733 – 3 August The water frame is the name given to the Spinning frame, when water power was used to drive it With industrialisation came examples of both oppression and enlightenment.

Plaque on building in Fox Street commemorating Rev. Joseph (Daddy) Dunn and his work in bringing gas lighting to Preston
Plaque on building in Fox Street commemorating Rev. Joseph (Daddy) Dunn and his work in bringing gas lighting to Preston

The town's forward-looking spirit is typified by it being the first English town outside London to be lit by gas. The Preston Gas Company was established in 1815 by, amongst others, a Catholic priest: Rev. Joseph "Daddy" Dunn of the Society of Jesus. The Society of Jesus ( Latin: Societas Iesu, SJ and SI or SJ, SI) is a Catholic religious order

The more oppressive side of industrialisation was seen on Saturday 13 August 1842, when a group of cotton workers demonstrated against the poor conditions in the town's mills. The Riot Act was read and armed troops corralled the demonstrators in front of the Corn Exchange on Lune Street. The Riot Act (1 Geo 1 c 5 of 1714 was an act introduced by the Parliament of Great Britain authorising local authorities to declare any group of Shots were fired and four of the demonstrators were killed. A commemorative sculpture now stands on the spot (although the soldiers and demonstrators represented are facing the wrong way). In the 1850s, Karl Marx visited Preston and later described the town as "the next St. Petersburg". Saint Petersburg ( tr: Sankt-Peterburg,) is a city and a federal subject of Russia located on the Neva River [12] Charles Dickens visited Preston in January 1854 during a strike by cotton workers that had by that stage lasted for 23 weeks. This was part of his research for the novel Hard Times in which the town of "Coketown" is based on the city of Preston. Hard Times- For These Times is a Novel by Charles Dickens, first published in 1854

The Preston Temperance Society, led by Joseph Livesey pioneered the Temperance Movement in the 19th century. See also Prohibition, Temperance movement Teetotalism (or T-total is the practice and promotion of complete Abstinence from Alcoholic beverages Indeed the term teetotalism is believed to have been coined at one of its meetings. See also Prohibition, Temperance movement Teetotalism (or T-total is the practice and promotion of complete Abstinence from Alcoholic beverages The website of the University of Central Lancashire library has a great deal of information on Joseph Livesey and the Temperance Movement in Preston. The University of Central Lancashire (or UCLan) is a University based in Preston, UK, which until January 2007 had additional Campuses [13]

Preston was one of only a few industrial towns in Lancashire to have a functioning corporation (local council) in 1835, its charter dating to 1685, and was reformed as a municipal borough by the Municipal Corporations Act 1835. Municipal boroughs were a type of Local government which existed in England and Wales between 1835 and 1974 in Northern Ireland from 1840 to The Municipal Corporations Act 1835 (5 & 6 Wm IV c76 - sometimes known as the Municipal Reform Act - required members of town councils ( Municipal corporations It became a county borough under the Local Government Act 1888. County borough is a term introduced in 1889 in the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland (excluding Scotland) to refer to a Borough or a City The Local Government Act 1888 (51 & 52 Vict c 41 was passed by the Parliament of the United Kingdom in 1888 and established County councils and County borough In 1974, county boroughs were abolished, and it became the larger part of the new non-metropolitan district of Preston in Lancashire, also including Fulwood and part of Preston Rural District. Fulwood is a suburb in the city of Preston in Lancashire, England, about two miles north of the city centre Preston was a Rural district in Lancashire, England from 1894 to 1974.

Governance

Preston City Council

The City of Preston is divided into 22 district council wards represented by 57 councillors. There are nine wards with two councillors and 13 wards with three councillors. The two seat wards cover c. 3600 electors and the three seat wards c. 5400 electors. Preston City councillors serve a four-year term. Preston City Council is elected "by thirds", 19 at a time. One councillor from each of the three-member wards is elected every year for three years. In each of those years six of the nine two-seat wards also elect a councillor. Every fourth year there are no Preston City Council elections, Lancashire County Council elections taking place instead.

After the 2007 local election the Labour Party was the largest Group with 24 members but the Conservatives with 20 seats in alliance with the Liberal Democrats with 10 seats took control of the Cabinet and all committees except the Scrutiny committee. Elections to Preston City Council took place on 03 May[[ 007]] This situation continued after the 2008 local election at which the Conservatives, with 21 Councillors took a net seat from the Liberal Democrats who had 9 seats. Labour remained the largest party with 24 members.

Entering the city centre from Fylde Road
Entering the city centre from Fylde Road

Recent electoral results in Preston can be found at Preston local elections. One third of Preston Council is elected each year followed by one year without election The local areas of Preston can be found at Districts of Preston

Mayors of Preston

Since local government reorganisation in 1974 the Mayors of Preston have been:

Freemen of the City

Current Freemen of the City are:

Honorary Aldermen of Preston

Current Honorary Aldermen are:


Freedom of the City

Freedom of the City has been granted to:

This was subsequently transferred to:

Lancashire County Council

The City of Preston contains ten Lancashire County Council districts with one county councillor in each district.

Parliament

The City of Preston is currently divided between three Westminster constituencies, which will be altered in size and shape when proposed boundary changes are implemented for the next United Kingdom general election. Leadership of the main parties David Cameron became Conservative leader in December 2005 replacing Michael Howard.

Currently the three constituencies are: Preston, Ribble Valley, and Fylde. Preston is a Borough constituency represented in the House of Commons of the Parliament of the United Kingdom. Ribble Valley is a Constituency represented in the House of Commons of the Parliament of the United Kingdom. Fylde is a Constituency represented in the House of Commons of the Parliament of the United Kingdom. When the proposed boundary changes are implemented, the city will continue to be divided between Preston, and Fylde seats, whilst the northern quarters will be placed within Wyre and Preston North. Wyre and Preston North is to be a Constituency in the United Kingdom House of Commons.

Historically, Preston has been divided between such constituencies as Preston North, Preston South, and Fylde South although until 1885 it comprised one constituency called Preston but which included most of west Lancashire. Preston North was a parliamentary Constituency in Lancashire, electing a Member of Parliament to the House of Commons until the 1983 General Preston South was a parliamentary constituency in the city of Preston in Lancashire. Fylde South was a constituency which returned one Member of Parliament to the House of Commons of the Parliament of the United Kingdom from

Geography

Physical geography

The River Ribble borders the city. The River Ribble is a river that runs through North Yorkshire and Lancashire, in the North of England. The Forest of Bowland forms a backdrop to Preston. The Forest of Bowland, also known as the Bowland Fells, is an area of barren Gritstone Fells deep valleys and Peat Moorland,

On 10 August 1893 Preston entered the UK Weather Records, with the Highest 5-min total rainfall of 32 mm. Incumbents Monarch - Victoria of the United Kingdom Prime Minister - William Gladstone, Liberal The UK Weather Records note the most extreme Weather ever recorded in the United Kingdom, such as the most and least hours of sunshine and highest wind speed Rain is Liquid precipitation. On Earth it is the condensation of atmospheric Water vapor into drops heavy enough to fall often making it to As of July 2006 this remains a record.

Areas and Estates

Adelphi, Ashton-on-Ribble, Avenham, Barton, Broadgate, Brockholes, Brookfield, Broughton, Cadley, Callon, Cottam, Cumeragh, Deepdale Farringdon Park, Fishwick, Frenchwood, Fulwood, Goosnargh, Grange, Greenlands, Grimsargh, Haighton, Holme Slack, Ingol, Ladyewell, Lane Ends, Larches, Lea, Longsands, Maudlands, Miller Park, Moor Nook, Moor Park, Nooklands, Plungington, Ribbleton, Riversway, Savick, St. Demographics The 2001 census records the household population at 4430 Demographics Avenham is a varied and multi-cultural part of the city of Preston with the most recent census recording a population of 6671 for the whole Town Centre electoral ward Barton is a Linear village and Civil parish in the Preston district of Lancashire, England. Current members Transport The M6 motorway runs through the area but until recently there was no junction nearby Broughton is a village in the Preston district of Lancashire, England, about four miles north of Preston city centre Current members See also Preston Districts of Preston List of civil parishes in Lancashire Fylde (UK Parliament Current members Demographics From the 2001 census Deepdale ward had a population of 5802 Fulwood is a suburb in the city of Preston in Lancashire, England, about two miles north of the city centre Goosnargh ( is a village and Civil parish on the north side of Preston, Lancashire, England. Grimsargh is a village and Civil parish to the east of Preston in Lancashire, England. Haighton is a Civil parish in the city of Preston, in Lancashire, England. Current members Demographics From the 2001 census, the area had a population of 7395 Current members Electoral results Demographics From the 2001 census Tulketh ward had a population of 6886 See also Preston Districts of Preston List of civil parishes in Lancashire Fylde (UK Parliament Miller Park is a public park under the management of Preston City Council Demographics At the 2001 census Moor Park has a population of 4919 whilst at the most recent election the electorate was 3053 Plungington is a district of Preston, England, to the west of the city centre Amenities Ribbleton has a library a number of shops and pubs post offices and schools Current members Demographics From the 2001 census Riversway ward had a population of 5823 Matthews, Sharoe Green, Sherwood, Springfields, Tanterton, Tulketh, Whittingham, Woodplumpton, Wychnor. Current members Demographics From the 2001 census, the area had a population of 7395 Current members Electoral results Demographics From the 2001 census Tulketh ward had a population of 6886 Whittingham is a Civil parish in the Preston local government district of Lancashire in England. Woodplumpton is a Village and Parish in the English County of Lancashire, located five miles north of Preston.

Out of city Areas/Towns

Unlike other towns and cities Preston's city centre is on the city's southern border with the South Ribble borough. South Ribble is a Non-metropolitan district and Borough of Lancashire, England. This means that some of the areas and towns associated with Preston are not actually in the city itself but in neighbouring boroughs. Listed below are towns and villages which, while associated with Preston, do not belong to the city boundaries.

Bamber Bridge, Coupe Green, Gregson Lane, Higher Walton, Howick, Hutton, Penwortham, Leyland, Longridge, Longton, Lostock Hall, Much Hoole, Middleforth, New Longton, Walton-le-Dale. Bamber Bridge is a village to the south of Preston, Lancashire, England. Coupe Green or Coup Green is a Village in Lancashire, England. Gregson Lane is a village in Lancashire, England. The village is situated between Bamber Bridge, Higher Walton, Coupe Green and Higher Walton is a Village in South Ribble, Lancashire, England. Hutton is a village and Civil parish in Lancashire, England. It is located to the south west of Preston in South Ribble Penwortham is a town on the south bank of the River Ribble facing the city of Preston, Lancashire. Leyland is a town in the South Ribble borough of Lancashire, England. Longridge is a small Town in the borough of Ribble Valley in Lancashire, England. Longton is a small rural community in the west of the borough of South Ribble, Lancashire about 5 km south west of Preston. Lostock Hall is a small village in Lancashire to the south of Preston and to the north of Farington. Much Hoole is a Village and Civil parish in the borough of South Ribble, Lancashire, England. Penwortham is a town on the south bank of the River Ribble facing the city of Preston, Lancashire. New Longton is a Village located to the South West of Preston, in the district of South Ribble, in the county of Lancashire, North West Walton-le-Dale is a primarily residential area to the south-east of the city of Preston, Lancashire, England.

Civic geography

The southern part of the district is mostly urbanised but the northern part is quite rural. The current borders came into effect on April 1, 1974, when the Local Government Act 1972 merged the existing County Borough of Preston with Fulwood Urban District and part of Preston Rural District. Events 527 - Byzantine Emperor Justin I names his nephew Justinian I as co-ruler and successor to the throne Year 1974 ( MCMLXXIV) was a Common year starting on Tuesday (link will display full calendar of the 1974 Gregorian calendar. The Local Government Act 1972 (1972 c 70 is an Act of Parliament in the United Kingdom, that reformed local government in England and Wales County borough is a term introduced in 1889 in the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland (excluding Scotland) to refer to a Borough or a City Fulwood is a suburb in the city of Preston in Lancashire, England, about two miles north of the city centre In the United Kingdom and the Republic of Ireland, an urban district was a type of Local government district that covered an Urbanised area Preston was a Rural district in Lancashire, England from 1894 to 1974. Preston was designated as part of the Central Lancashire new town in 1970. Central Lancashire, also known as Preston City was a designated new town in England. The former Preston Rural District part of the district is divided into a number of civil parishes:

Demographics

Ethnicity

Preston is a diverse city, although the vast majority of the non-indigenous people belong to one ethnic group (South Asians in particular Indians). A civil parish in the United Kingdom is a unit of local government. Barton is a Linear village and Civil parish in the Preston district of Lancashire, England. Broughton-in-Amounderness is a Civil parish in Preston, Lancashire. Goosnargh ( is a village and Civil parish on the north side of Preston, Lancashire, England. Grimsargh is a village and Civil parish to the east of Preston in Lancashire, England. Haighton is a Civil parish in the city of Preston, in Lancashire, England. See also Preston Districts of Preston List of civil parishes in Lancashire Fylde (UK Parliament Whittingham is a Civil parish in the Preston local government district of Lancashire in England. Woodplumpton is a Village and Parish in the English County of Lancashire, located five miles north of Preston. British Asians are British citizens who are immigrants or descendants of immigrants from India, Pakistan, Bangladesh, Sri Lanka India, officially the Republic of India (भारत गणराज्य inc-Latn Bhārat Gaṇarājya; see also other Indian languages) is a country The ethnic makeup of Preston based on 2005 estimates is as follows: 82. 3% White British, 1. " White British " was a racially -based classification used by the 2001 census. 1% White Irish, 1. Irish migration to Britain (also known as the Br[[Irish people|irish]]) has a lengthy history due to the close proximity of and complex relationship between 5% Other White. " White Other " is a term used in the UK census to describe white persons of non- British and non- Irish descent in 1. 5% Mixed Race. Mixed Race was included as an ethnic classification on the UK Census from 2001. 8. 3% Indian, 2. British Asians are British citizens who are immigrants or descendants of immigrants from India, Pakistan, Bangladesh, Sri Lanka 4% Pakistani, 0. 3% Bangladeshi, 0. British Asians are British citizens who are immigrants or descendants of immigrants from India, Pakistan, Bangladesh, Sri Lanka 5% Other South Asian. British Asians are British citizens who are immigrants or descendants of immigrants from India, Pakistan, Bangladesh, Sri Lanka 0. 7% Black Caribbean, 0. See also British African-Caribbean community, Caribbean British Black British is a term which has had different meanings and uses as a racial and political 3% Black African, 0. See also British African-Caribbean community, Caribbean British Black British is a term which has had different meanings and uses as a racial and political 1% Other Black. See also British African-Caribbean community, Caribbean British Black British is a term which has had different meanings and uses as a racial and political 0. 7% Chinese and 0. British Chinese, including British-born Chinese (often informally referred to as BBC) are people of Chinese ancestry who were born in or have migrated 3% Other East Asian and Arab. Since the 17th century there have been East Asian people in Britain. British Arabs are people in the United Kingdom who were born in or have ancestry from the Arab world. [14]

Religion

The 2001 Census recorded 71. A census is the procedure of acquiring information about every member of a given population 5% of the population as Christians (mostly Catholics), 9. 8% as having no religion, and 8. 2% as Muslims. [15] The Hindu and Sikh populations are smaller at 2. 6% and 0. 6% respectively, but in both cases this represents the highest percentage of any local authority area in the North West. 1. 8% of the city's population were born in other EU countries. Preston is said to be the most Catholic city in England.

Though still small in number in Preston, the Mormons (officially known as members of The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints - LDS for short) maintain a large profile. TalkMormon#Latter Day Saint vs Latter-day Saint --> Mormon The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints is the fourth largest Christian denomination in the United States and the largest and most well-known As early as 1837 the first LDS missionaries to Great Britain began preaching in Preston and, in particular, other small towns situated along the river Ribble. Preston is home to the world's oldest continuous branch (a small congregation) of the Mormon Church. In The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints, a ward is the larger of two types of local congregations (the smaller being a branch) [16] In 1998 the LDS erected a large temple near Preston that was described in the Telegraph newspaper as spectacular. [17] The temple is officially known as the Preston England Temple. The Preston England Temple is the 52nd operating temple of The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints.


Landmarks

Preston's premier landmark is probably St Walburge's Church designed by Joseph Hansom of Hansom Cab fame and which has, at 94 metres (308 ft), the tallest spire in England on a church that is not a cathedral. Originally a landmark literally meant a Geographic Feature used by explorers and St Walburge's Church is a Roman Catholic church located in Preston, Lancashire, England, northwest of the city centre on Weston Street Joseph Aloysius Hansom (born 26 October, 1803; d 29 June 1882) was a prolific English Architect working principally in the Gothic A Hansom cab is a kind of Horse -drawn Carriage designed and patented in 1834 by Joseph Hansom, an Architect from York. England is a Country which is part of the United Kingdom. Its inhabitants account for more than 83% of the total UK population whilst its mainland This article is about the history and organisation of the cathedral [18] There are still many notable buildings dotted in and around the city centre. For example, the Miller Arcade, the Town Hall, the Harris Building, St. John's Minster, the former Corn Exchange, Fishergate Baptist Church and many beautiful Georgian buildings at Winckley Square. In English usage Minster is an honorific title attached to certain major medieval churches

Saint Walburge's Church
Saint Walburge's Church

Museums

Parks

Economy

Preston is a major centre of the British defence aerospace industry with BAE Systems, the UK's principal military aircraft design, development and manufacture supplier, having its Military Aircraft headquarters located in nearby Warton. The Harris Museum Art Gallery & Preston Free Public Library is a Grade I listed museum building in Preston and has the largest gallery space in Lancashire The National Football Museum is a Museum in Preston, England, founded to preserve conserve and interpret several important collections of Association The Museum of Lancashire is housed in an old Courthouse in Preston in Lancashire, England. The Queen's Lancashire Regiment Museum, in Preston, England, is the largest Regimental archive and the premier centre for military historical research in the North The Ribble Steam Railway, located on Preston Docks is a recently formed project which opened to the public in September 2005 Winckley Square is situated near the centre of Preston, Lancashire, England, at the west end of Avenham. Miller Park is a public park under the management of Preston City Council Avenham Park is a public park in Avenham, close to the centre of Preston in Lancashire in the northwest of England, and managed by Preston City Demographics At the 2001 census Moor Park has a population of 4919 whilst at the most recent election the electorate was 3053 Ashton Park is situated in Ashton-on-Ribble to the west of Preston, Lancashire, England. BAE Systems plc (BAE is a British defence and aerospace company headquartered in Farnborough, England, that has global interests particularly Warton is a village on the The Fylde in Lancashire, England. The village is about six miles from Preston and eight miles from Blackpool The company has two of its major facilities located some miles on either side of the city. BAE Warton is located to the western side of the city whilst BAE Samlesbury is located to the east, over the M6 motorway. Warton Aerodrome is located near to Warton village on the Fylde peninsula in Lancashire, England. Samlesbury is a small village and Civil parish in the South Ribble borough of Lancashire, England. BAe Systems also operate large office facilities at the Portway area within the city and at The Strand office complex.

A Typhoon, which is assembled at BAE Warton to the west of the city
A Typhoon, which is assembled at BAE Warton to the west of the city

The Westinghouse Electric Company (formerly BNFL) Springfield nuclear processing plant also lies to the west of the City boundary. WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft. Please see WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft/page content for recommended layout Warton Aerodrome is located near to Warton village on the Fylde peninsula in Lancashire, England. For other uses see Westinghouse. The Westinghouse Electric Company (WEC is a multi-national nuclear technologies company a part of British Nuclear Fuels plc or BNFL manufactures and transports nuclear fuel (notably MOX) runs reactors generates and sells Electricity, reprocesses and

The city is home to Alstom Transport's main UK spare parts distribution centre which is located on Strand Road. Alstom ( is a large French multinational conglomerate which holds interests in the power generation and Transport markets Matalan Retail Ltd was also founded in Preston under the name Matalan Cash and Carry. Matalan is a clothing and homeware store in the United Kingdom. Although the head office of Matalan moved to Skelmersdale in 1998, the city still has the tax office for the company (located in Winckley Square). Skelmersdale is a town in West Lancashire, England. It lies on high-ground on the River Tawd, to the northeast of Liverpool, south-southwest Winckley Square is situated near the centre of Preston, Lancashire, England, at the west end of Avenham. Plumbs Ltd founded in the 1950s is still a family run business employing over 300 people at its Preston base. History Plumbs was founded in the 1950s by Thomas and Bernice Plumb initially as a market business

Convenience store chain operator James Hall and Co who supply SPAR stores in the north of England have their head office located in the Ribbleton district, although it is soon to be moved to a new building in the Bluebell Way area of the city, which would be the biggest building in the city. In Sailing, a spar is also know as a round pole of wood or Metal used on a Sailing ship. Amenities Ribbleton has a library a number of shops and pubs post offices and schools [19]

The financial sector also has a large presence in the city with a large selection of consultancies, insurance and law firms including national debt collection agency Legal & Trade based in Winckley Square in the city centre.

Preston is the home of Airline network - the consumer brand of Gold Medal Travel - one of the UK's largest travel companies. Established in 1992 Airline Network is one of the UK 's leading independent travel companies and is the consumer brand of Gold Medal Travel which was itself established

On the 20 February 2006 mobile phone retailer The Carphone Warehouse took over Tulketh Mill (formerly the home of the Littlewoods catalogue call centre) a listed building in the Ashton-on-Ribble area of the city. The Carphone Warehouse Group PLC ( known as The Carphone Warehouse, claim to be Europe 's largest independent Mobile phone retailer with over 1700 Littlewoods is the name of a former retail and gambling empire founded in Liverpool, Merseyside, England by Sir John Moores. Demographics The 2001 census records the household population at 4430 The building has undergone an extensive redevelopment of the interior and is now the workplace of some 800 employees (as of 3rd March 2007). The main purpose of the site is a call centre for its broadband and landline service TalkTalk as well as its LLU company Opal Telecom. TalkTalk is the Landline Telephone and ISP business of The Carphone Warehouse and was launched in 2003 under the directorship It was officially opened on 19 December 2006 by CEO Charles Dunstone and the Mayor ff Preston. WikipediaPersondata --> Charles Dunstone (born 21 November 1964) is the CEO and (with David Ross co-founder in 1989 of mobile phone

Preston is also home to the large "new business" department of finance broker loans. co. uk, which took over New City House when Norwich Union moved its call centre to India. Norwich Union is an Insurance company in the UK. It is the biggest life-insurer in the UK and has a strong position in motor insurance India, officially the Republic of India (भारत गणराज्य inc-Latn Bhārat Gaṇarājya; see also other Indian languages) is a country Retail is also a major contributor to Preston's economy. The city houses two major shopping centres:

Another shopping centre in Preston is the Miller Arcade, a specialist shopping centre in a listed building, which formerly included public baths, situated next to the Harris Museum. Public baths originated from a communal need for cleanliness Often the term public is misleading to some people as they will have restrictions based upon who can use the facility The Harris Museum Art Gallery & Preston Free Public Library is a Grade I listed museum building in Preston and has the largest gallery space in Lancashire

Preston's main high streets are Fishergate and Friargate which offer shops, bars and restaurants with many more tucked away down the side streets. The first Kentucky Fried Chicken outlet in the UK was opened in Fishergate. Kentucky Fried Chicken, usually known as KFC, is a chain of Fast food restaurants based in Louisville Kentucky.

An £800 million [20] regeneration project known as the Tithebarn Project is also planned for Preston. The Preston Tithebarn redevelopment project is a £700 million city centre regeneration initiative to be developed by Preston Tithebarn Partnership a 50/50 joint venture between The project is being managed by property giants Grosvenor and Lend Lease Corporation and is dependent upon a number of requirements (such as the re-location of the current Bus Station). Lend Lease Corporation Limited is an Australian-based multinational property management and investment company Preston Bus Station is the central Bus terminus in the English city of Preston in Lancashire.

Since city status was awarded in the Queen's Jubilee year, Preston has been targeted by a number of developers. Residential developments are particularly popular with new apartments planned in and around the city centre. Office and hotel space is also in demand and a new Central Business District is being planned as well as a number of new hotels.

Transport

Road

The Preston by-pass, opened 5 December 1958, became the first stretch of motorway in the UK and is now part of the M6 with a short section now forming part of the M55. Events 63 BC - Cicero reads the last of his Catiline Orations. Year 1958 ( MCMLVIII) was a Common year starting on Wednesday (link will display full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. Motorway is a term for both a type of Road and a classification or designation This article concerns the M6 motorway in England There are also M6 motorways in Russia (see Caspian Highway) Hungary (see M6 motorway The M55 is a Motorway in Lancashire, England, which can also be referred to as the Preston Northern Bypass. It was built to ease traffic congestion in Preston caused by tourists travelling to the popular destinations of Blackpool and The Lake District. Blackpool (/ˈblækˌpul is a seaside town in Lancashire, England. The Lake District, also known as The Lakes or Lakeland, is a rural area in North West England. The first traffic cones were used during its construction, replacing red lantern paraffin burners.

In the 1980s, a motorway running around the west of the city which would have been an extension of the M65 running to the M55 was started but never finished. The M65 is a Motorway in Lancashire, England. It runs from just south of Preston through the major junction of the M6 and The M55 is a Motorway in Lancashire, England, which can also be referred to as the Preston Northern Bypass. That is the reason that the M55 has no junction 2, because it was reserved for the new western bypass. However, the existing M6 between junctions 30 and 32 was widened extensively between 1993-95 to compensate for this. This article concerns the M6 motorway in England There are also M6 motorways in Russia (see Caspian Highway) Hungary (see M6 motorway A new junction, 31A was opened in 1997 to serve a new business park close to the motorway. As well as the M6 (North and South), there are 3 other motorways which terminate close to the city -

Preston railway station
Preston railway station

Rail

Preston Railway Station is a major stop on the West Coast Main Line, with regular long distance train services to London (Euston) and the South East, and Glasgow to the North. Preston railway station serves the city of Preston in Lancashire, England and is a major station on the West Coast Main Line. The West Coast Main Line (WCML is a busy mixed-traffic railway route in the United Kingdom. London ( ˈlʌndən is the capital and largest urban area in the United Kingdom. Euston station (official name London Euston) is a major Railway station to the north of central London in the London Borough of Camden Glasgow (ˈglæzgoʊ is the largest city in Scotland and third most populous in the United Kingdom Preston is also a hub for connecting rail services in the North West, with direct services to Blackpool, Lancaster, Blackburn, Bradford, Leeds, Wigan, Bolton, Manchester and Liverpool. Blackpool (/ˈblækˌpul is a seaside town in Lancashire, England. Lancaster (pronounced ˈlæŋˌkæstə or ˈlænˌkæstə is a City in Lancashire, England. Blackburn ( is a large town in Lancashire, England. It lies to the north of the West Pennine Moors on the southern edge of the Ribble Valley Bradford ( lies at the heart of the City of Bradford, a Metropolitan borough of West Yorkshire, England. Leeds ( is located on the River Aire in West Yorkshire, England Wigan is a large town in Greater Manchester, England. It stands on the River Douglas, south of Preston, west-northwest of Manchester Bolton ( is a large town in Greater Manchester, in the North West region of England. Liverpool ( is a City and Metropolitan borough of Merseyside, England along the eastern side of the Mersey Estuary

Water

The former Preston Port has been the site of an expanding commercial and residential complex since 1988. Known as Riversway or The Docks, it is the biggest man-made marina in the UK , with 40 acres of deep water at all states of the tide. The Dock is no longer used for commercial shipping, is too small a space to cruise on and because of an infestation of blue-green algae (which gives the water a deep green colouration and the surrounding area a pungent smell depending on the how bad the water is at the time) it is not safe for dinghy sailing.

The Marina is just north of the River Ribble which enters into the east of the Irish Sea. The Irish Sea ( Irish: Muir Éireann or Muir Meann; Scottish Gaelic: Muir Eireann Welsh: Môr Iwerddon, This marina has its own chandlery and coffee shop, training courses and boat sales

There are multi-million pound plans to redevelop Preston's Docks (as well as large sections of the River Ribble running through the city) to introduce leisure facilities (ie watersports), new landmark buildings, a new central park opposite Avenham Park, office and retail space, new residential developments and the re-opening of some of Preston's old canals. Avenham Park is a public park in Avenham, close to the centre of Preston in Lancashire in the northwest of England, and managed by Preston City However, these plans, collectively known as Riverworks, have yet to undergo public consultation, and have already raised concerns amongst locals due to the potential loss of green space and increased risk of flooding[21][22].

Bus

A Preston Bus service at Preston Bus Station
A Preston Bus service at Preston Bus Station
A Preston Park & Ride service at The Harris Museum
A Preston Park & Ride service at The Harris Museum

Although lacking any rail based rapid transit network, Preston has a very comprehensive bus network. Preston Bus Station is the central Bus terminus in the English city of Preston in Lancashire. Preston park and ride is a Park and ride scheme in the city of Preston in Lancashire, England, operated by Preston Bus. The Harris Museum Art Gallery & Preston Free Public Library is a Grade I listed museum building in Preston and has the largest gallery space in Lancashire The 3 main local operators are:

Preston also has its own park and ride at Walton-le-Dale and Portway. Preston Bus is an independent Bus operator running within the City of Preston and into the surrounding area For other meanings see Stagecoach (disambiguation. A stagecoach (also called diligence) is a type of four-wheeled enclosed Preston park and ride is a Park and ride scheme in the city of Preston in Lancashire, England, operated by Preston Bus.

Preston is also served by many national bus services. Stagecoach Express, National Express, Eurolines, and Megabus all have a large presence at Preston Bus Station. Preston Bus Station is the central Bus terminus in the English city of Preston in Lancashire. Preston was one of the first cities in the UK to have its bus network fitted with Realtime, a satellite based technology fitted to every bus stop which aims to provide an accurate time and destination of the next bus arriving using GPS tracking. A GPS tracking unit is a device that uses the Global Positioning System to determine the precise location of a vehicle person or other asset to which it is attached and This service was initially restricted to all services within the borough, however, it has now been expanded to cover Fishwick's 111 City Centre/Leyland route due to its popularity.

Preston Bus Station is one of the largest in Europe. Preston Bus Station is the central Bus terminus in the English city of Preston in Lancashire. Despite its impressive size, the building has proved very controversial.

Air

Although not a public airport; Warton Aerodrome is an active airfield west of the city and is the airfield for the BAE Warton factory. Warton Aerodrome is located near to Warton village on the Fylde peninsula in Lancashire, England. BAE Samlesbury to the east of the town is a former active aerodrome but today it serves as a facility for BAE Systems

Blackpool International Airport is located only 20 miles west from the city. Samlesbury is a small village and Civil parish in the South Ribble borough of Lancashire, England. BAE Systems plc (BAE is a British defence and aerospace company headquartered in Farnborough, England, that has global interests particularly Blackpool International Airport is a small international Airport, on the outskirts of Blackpool on the Fylde coast, Lancashire in
Manchester Airport is a large international airport about 40 miles south-east of the city. Manchester Airport is a major Airport in the vicinity of Manchester, England, and the largest airport in the United Kingdom outside the

Education

The city is home to the University of Central Lancashire. The University of Central Lancashire (or UCLan) is a University based in Preston, UK, which until January 2007 had additional Campuses Formerly known as Preston Polytechnic, "UCLan" is now the sixth largest university in the country. Institute of technology, and polytechnic, are designations employed in a wide range of learning institutions awarding different types of degrees and operating often at variable The university currently has over 33,000 students. [23] As well as the university, the Preston area is home to many other higher and further education institutes:

Media

Local Radio Stations

Newspapers

Sport

Deepdale, home of The Invicibles
Deepdale, home of The Invicibles

Preston is famous for Preston North End F.C. (one of the founder members of the Football League and the first team to be crowned English football champions) and the National Football Museum, the home of English football heritage, currently located at Deepdale Football Ground. The University of Central Lancashire (or UCLan) is a University based in Preston, UK, which until January 2007 had additional Campuses Magic 999 (pronounced nine-ninety-nine) is an Bauer Radio owned radio station based in Preston that broadcasts across Lancashire on 999 kHz AM Central Radio is a Commercial radio station in the United Kingdom. 974 Rock FM is an Independent Local Radio station broadcasting to North West England. Preston FM is a community Radio station broadcasting on 1032MHz from its base on Glovers Court Preston, UK, which commenced full-time broadcasting on The Lancashire Evening Post is a daily Newspaper based in Fulwood a suburb of the city of Preston, Lancashire, England. Fulwood ward &mdashwhich includes the districts of Fulwood, Lodge Moor, and Ranmoor &mdashis one of the 28 electoral wards in City Preston North End Football Club is an English professional football club located in the Deepdale area of the city of Preston, Lancashire The Football League, also known as the Coca-Cola Football League for sponsorship reasons is a league competition featuring professional football clubs History Following the legalisation of professional football by The Football Association in 1885 the English Football League was established in 1888 The National Football Museum is a Museum in Preston, England, founded to preserve conserve and interpret several important collections of Association Deepdale is a Stadium in the Deepdale area of Preston, England, the home of Preston North End F Deepdale is the oldest continuously used professional soccer venue in the world. Dick, Kerr's Ladies are arguably the most famous early women's football team in Britain and called Preston home. Dick Kerr's Ladies is the most famous early women's football team

Preston Hockey Club was established in 1903 and has since remained one of the North's most prominent clubs. With six men’s, four ladies and two junior sides playing each weekend plus a regular mixed team, the club offers competitive and social hockey for all ages, abilities and sex. The men's 1st XI wishes to achieve National League status and with every side in the club strengthening its league standing year after year, the club's aim to become the strongest and most successful in the North is on course. The ladies 1st XI play at North Premier level.

The Preston Arena is used for cycle racing.

England Test Cricket all-rounder Andrew Flintoff is a Preston native. Test cricket is the longest form of the Sport of Cricket. It has long been considered the ultimate test of playing ability between cricketing nations An all-rounder is a Cricket player who excels at both batting and bowling. Andrew Flintoff, MBE, (born 6 December 1977 in Preston, Lancashire) is a Cricketer who plays for Lancashire and England.

The Preston Mountaineering Club is based in the town and has been in existence for over 70 years. The Preston Mountaineering Club is one of the older mountaineering clubs in the United Kingdom.

Speedway racing, then known as Dirt Track Racing was staged at Farringdon Park in the late 1920s and early 1930s. The 1920s is sometimes referred to as the " Jazz Age " or the " Roaring Twenties " when speaking about the United States and Canada The 1930s were described as an abrupt shift to more radical and conservative lifestyles as countries were struggling to find a solution to the Great Depression. The Preston team raced in the English Dirt Track League of 1929 and the Northern League of 1930 and 1931. Year 1929 ( MCMXXIX) was a Common year starting on Tuesday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. Year 1930 ( MCMXXX) was a Common year starting on Wednesday (link will display 1930 calendar of the Gregorian calendar. Year 1931 ( MCMXXXI) was a Common year starting on Thursday (link will display full 1931 calendar of the Gregorian calendar. The best known rider of the team was Joe "Iron Man" Abbott who went on to Test Match successes riding before the war for Belle Vue. The Belle Vue Aces are a British speedway team from Manchester in the north west of England. After the war Joe appeared for Harringay and Bradford. Harringay is a residential area of North London, close to Crouch End, in the London Borough of Haringey, United Kingdom. The Bradford Dukes were a British Motorcycle speedway team which operated from the Odsal Stadium in Bradford from 1986 until their closure in 1997

Religion

Christianity

Preston has a strong Christian (particularly Catholic) history and tradition. A Christian is a person who adheres to Christianity, a monotheistic Religion centered on the life and teachings of Jesus of Nazareth One of the proposed derivations of the name Preston is from 'Priests town' and the Lamb on the city emblem is a Biblical image of Jesus Christ.

As well as mainstream denominations like Roman Catholicism and the Church of England, the city has seen a recent emergence of new evangelical churches. The Church of England is the officially established Christian church in England, the Mother Church of the worldwide Anglican Preston has a strong history for Free Methodism, as there are currently four Free Methodist churches in the area. The Free Methodist Church, is a denomination of broader Methodism. Preston's Guild Hall plays host to a large evangelical worship music event called 'Encounter' every year. Evangelicalism is a theological movement tradition and system of beliefs most closely associated with Protestant Christianity, which identifies with the Gospel

Preston was the location of the world's first foreign mission by The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter Day Saints from the American State of Utah (otherwise known as the Mormons). The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints is the fourth largest Christian denomination in the United States and the largest and most well-known 1998 saw the completion of the second largest Mormon temple in the world (after Salt Lake City) which, though actually located in neighbouring Chorley, is known as the Preston England Temple. [24]

Islam

The city has a number of well established mosques. A "mosque" in English refers to all types of buildings dedicated for Islamic worship although there is a distinction in Arabic between the smaller privately owned mosque and the larger

Notable people

Main article: List of people from Preston
Plaque commemorating birthplace of Robert W. Service on Christian Road near the railway station
Plaque commemorating birthplace of Robert W. Service on Christian Road near the railway station

Robert W. Service, the poet associated with the Yukon, was born in Preston and lived for a time on Winckley Street in the city centre. This is a list of the famous and notable people from Preston in Lancashire, England. Robert William Service ( January 16, 1874 &ndash September 11, 1958) was a poet and writer Robert William Service ( January 16, 1874 &ndash September 11, 1958) was a poet and writer Yukon (ˈjuːkɒn is the westernmost and smallest of Canada's three territories. There is a Blue Plaque commemorating this. In the United Kingdom, a blue plaque is a permanent sign installed in a public place to commemorate a link between that location and a famous person or event

The parents of legendary American outlaw Butch Cassidy emigrated from Preston to escape religious persecution of their Mormon faith. Butch Cassidy ( 13 April 1866 – circa November 1908 born Robert LeRoy Parker, was a notorious train robber Bank robber TalkMormon#Latter Day Saint vs Latter-day Saint --> Mormon It was said that, unlike Paul Newman's cinematic portrayal, Butch spoke with a thick Lancashire accent. Paul Leonard Newman (January 26 1925 &ndash September 26 2008 was an Academy Award

Benjamin Franklin (one of the Founding Fathers of the United States) once owned a property on the corner of Cheapside and Friargate in the city centre (on the site of what is now a coffee bar). Benjamin Franklin ( April 17 1790 was one of the Founding Fathers of the United States of America. The Founding Fathers of the United States are the Political leaders who signed the Declaration of Independence or otherwise participated in the A Blue Plaque on the wall of the building commemorates the spot. In the United Kingdom, a blue plaque is a permanent sign installed in a public place to commemorate a link between that location and a famous person or event

Preston is the home city of the animator Nick Park, the creator of Wallace and Gromit, and in September 2007, the City Council announced that it would be raising £100,000 in order to build a bronze statue of the two characters. Nicholas Wulstan "Nick" Park CBE (b 6 December 1958 is a four-time Academy Award -winning English filmmaker of Stop motion [25]

Twin cities/towns

References

  1. ^ "'Proud Preston' wins city status", BBC News, 14 March 2002. Almelo is a Municipality and a city in the eastern Netherlands. The Netherlands ( Dutch:, ˈnedərlɑnt is the European part of the Kingdom of the Netherlands, which consists of the Netherlands the Netherlands Kalisz is a City in central Poland with 109800 inhabitants (1995 Poland (Polska officially the Republic of Poland Nîmes ( Provençal Occitan: Nimes in both classical and Mistralian norms is a city in southern France. This article is about the country For a topic outline on this subject see List of basic France topics. Recklinghausen (ʁɛklɪŋˈhaʊzən is a City in the Ruhr Area in North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany. Germany, officially the Federal Republic of Germany ( ˈbʊndəsʁepuˌbliːk ˈdɔʏtʃlant is a Country in Central Europe. URL accessed on 6 June 2006.
  2. ^ Preston welcomes Councillor John Swindells as new mayor
  3. ^ Census 2001: Preston, Office for National Statistics. URL accessed on 6 June 2006.
  4. ^ Hunt, 1992. p. 9.
  5. ^ Hunt, 1992. p. 10.
  6. ^ Hunt, 2003. p. 31.
  7. ^ Hodge, 1997. pp. 3-5.
  8. ^ Walsh and Butler, 1992.
  9. ^ Hodge, 1997. pp. 6-10.
  10. ^ The County of Lancashire, England, UK
  11. ^ Fitzroy Maclean, 'Bonnie Prince Charlie' 1988
  12. ^ Karl Marx in the New York Daily Tribune 1854 (1854-08-01). Retrieved on 2006-09-20. Year 2006 ( MMVI) was a Common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. Events 451 - The Battle of Chalons takes place in North Eastern France.
  13. ^ The Livesey Collection. Retrieved on 2006-09-20. Year 2006 ( MMVI) was a Common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. Events 451 - The Battle of Chalons takes place in North Eastern France.
  14. ^ Neighbourhood Statistics
  15. ^ Census 2001: Statistics. URL accessed on 6 June 2006. Events 1508 - Maximilian I Holy Roman Emperor, is defeated in Friulia by Venetian forces; he is forced to sign a three-year Year 2006 ( MMVI) was a Common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar.
  16. ^ Media Newsroom. The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-Day Saints (2007). Retrieved on 2007-05-22. Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Events 334 BC - The Greek army of Alexander the Great defeats Darius III of Persia in the Battle of the Granicus.
  17. ^ Mormons reveal secrets of the temple. www. telegraph. co. uk. Retrieved 4 June 2008. Events 781 BC - The first historic Solar eclipse is recorded in China. 2008 ( MMVIII) is the current year in accordance with the Gregorian calendar, a Leap year that started on Tuesday of the Common
  18. ^ Guide to Preston. Retrieved on 2007-08-24. Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Events 49 BC - Julius Caesar 's General Gaius Scribonius Curio is defeated in the Second Battle of the Bagradas River
  19. ^ Confirmation of Relocation. Retrieved on 2007-04-25. Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Events 1607 - Eighty Years' War: The Dutch fleet destroys the anchored Spanish fleet at Gibraltar.
  20. ^ £800 million plan could cause more traffic chaos. Retrieved on 2008-02-22. 2008 ( MMVIII) is the current year in accordance with the Gregorian calendar, a Leap year that started on Tuesday of the Common Events 1495 - King Charles VIII of France enters Naples to claim the city's throne
  21. ^ Flood plain housing plan slammed. Lancashire Evening Post, June 30th 2007. Retrieved on 2007-07-01. Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. "July 1st" redirects here For the Ayumi Hamasaki song see H (song.
  22. ^ Save The Ribble. Retrieved on 2007-06-22. Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Events 217 BC - Battle of Raphia: Ptolemy IV of Egypt defeats Antiochus III the Great of the Seleucid kingdom.
  23. ^ "Pocket Facts"PDF (708 KiB), University of Central Lancashire. A kibibyte (a contraction of ki lo bi nary byte) is a unit of Information or Computer storage, established by the International URL accessed on 6 June 2006.
  24. ^ Preston England Temple Main. Retrieved on 2008-06-03. 2008 ( MMVIII) is the current year in accordance with the Gregorian calendar, a Leap year that started on Tuesday of the Common Events 350 - Roman usurper Nepotianus, of the Constantinian dynasty, proclaims himself Roman Emperor, entering
  25. ^ Wallace and Gromit statue planned for Preston (2007-09-06). Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Events 3114 BC - According to the Proleptic Julian calendar the current era in the Maya Long Count Calendar started Retrieved on 2007-06-12. Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Events 1381 - Peasants' Revolt: in England, rebels arrive at Blackheath.

See also

External links


Dictionary

Preston

-proper noun

  1. An industrial town in Lancashire, England.
  2. Several other towns and villages.
  3. An English surname derived from any of the placenames.
  4. A male given name, transferred from the surname.
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