Premier of the Republic of China

Incumbent: Liu Chao-shiuan
President of the Executive Yuan
Flag of the Republic of China


Appointer	Ma Ying-jeou ^{as President of the Republic of China}
Inaugural	Tang Shaoyi ^{as Premier of Cabinet of the Republic of China}
Formation	March 13, 1912
Website	www.ey.gov.tw

The President of the Executive Yuan (traditional Chinese: 行政院長; pinyin: Xíng Zhèng Yuàn Zhǎng; Wade-Giles: Hsing Cheng Yüan Chang), commonly known in English as the Premier of Taiwan (traditional Chinese: 台灣閣揆), is the head of the Executive Yuan, the executive branch of the Republic of China, which currently administers Taiwan, Matsu, and Kinmen. The Executive Yuan ( literally "Executive court" is the Executive branch of the Government of the Republic of China. Liu Chao-shiuan ( POJ: Lau Tiau-Hian born May 10, 1943) is the current Premier of the Republic of China, an educator and President of NOTICE*************** The President of the Republic of China ( is the Head of state of the Republic of China (ROC (commonly known as Taiwan since the 1970s An inauguration is a ceremony of formal Investiture whereby an individual assumes an office or position of authority or power Táng Shàoyí ( Chinese:唐绍仪 changed to 唐绍怡 to avoid taboo of Puyi 's name later restored Wade-Giles: T'ang Shao-i Courtesy This article is a list of the Premiers of China since 1911. According to Chinese historical records the first premier of China was appointed in about 1130 BC Events 1138 - Cardinal Gregorio Conti is elected Antipope as Victor IV, succeeding Anacletus II. Year 1912 ( MCMXII) was a Leap year starting on Monday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Leap year starting Pinyin, more formally Hanyu pinyin, is the most common Standard Mandarin Romanization system in use Wade-Giles (ˌweɪdˈʤaɪlz) sometimes abbreviated Wade, is a Romanization system (phonetic notation and Transcription) for the Mandarin English is a West Germanic language originating in England and is the First language for most people in the United Kingdom, the United States The Executive Yuan ( literally "Executive court" is the Executive branch of the Government of the Republic of China. In Political science and Constitutional law, the executive is the branch of government responsible for the day-to-day management of the State. REPUBLIC OF CHINA ARTICLE GUIDELINES Taiwan ( Taiwanese: Tâi-oân/Tāi-oân (historically 大灣/台員/大員/台圓/大圓/台窩灣 is an Island in East Asia. Kinmen, ( Traditional Chinese: 金門 Simplified Chinese: 金门 Hanyu Pinyin: Jīnmén Tongyong Pinyin: Jinmén Wades-Giles The premier is appointed by the president. The President of the Republic of China ( is the Head of state of the Republic of China (ROC (commonly known as Taiwan since the 1970s

1 History
2 Powers and responsibilities
3 Premier as head of government
4 See also

History

Before the establishment of the Executive Yuan in 1928, the premier of the Republic of China was created as "Premier of Cabinet" in 1912. The Executive Yuan ( literally "Executive court" is the Executive branch of the Government of the Republic of China. It was changed to the "Secretary of State" in 1914 and "Premier of State Council" in 1916 in the Beiyang Government. The Beiyang government ( or Warlord government collectively refers to a series of military regimes that ruled from Beijing from 1912 to 1928 at Zhongnanhai In 1928, the Kuomintang Government established the Executive Yuan and Tan Yankai served as the first President of the Executive Yuan. Tan Yankai (譚延闓 Wade-Giles: T'an Yen-k'ai (1876-1930 was a Chinese politician from Hunan.

Powers and responsibilities

The premier presides over the Executive Yuan Council, which makes up the official cabinet. The Executive Yuan ( literally "Executive court" is the Executive branch of the Government of the Republic of China. The vice premier, ministers, and chairpersons of the Executive Yuan are appointed by the president on the recommendation of the premier. The premier's official duties also include presenting administrative policies and reports to the Legislative Yuan, responding to the interpellations of legislators (much like Question Time in some parliamentary systems), and, with the approval of the president, asking the Legislative Yuan to reconsider its resolutions. The Legislative Yuan ( is the Legislative body of the Republic of China (ROC which administers Taiwan, Penghu, Kinmen, and Question Time in a Parliament occurs when Backbenchers (members of the parliament who are not Ministers) ask questions of the Prime Minister which Laws and decrees promulgated by the President of the Republic must also be countersigned by the premier.

In the event of vacancies in both the presidency and the vice presidency, the premier serves as Acting President of the Republic for up to three months.

One-third of the Legislative Yuan may initiate a no-confidence vote against the premier. If approved with simple majority, the premier must resign from office within ten days and at the same time may request that the President dissolve the Legislative Yuan. If the motion fails, another no-confidence motion against the same premier cannot be initiated for one year. This power has never been used. In practice, the President has enough legitimacy and executive authority to govern in the face of a legislature controlled by the opposition, and would likely respond to a vote of no-confidence by nominating another person with similar views.

Premier as head of government

The Constitution of the Republic of China did not originally define strictly the relation between the premier and the president of the Republic and it was not clear whether the government would lean towards a presidential system or parliamentary system when divided. The Constitution of the Republic of China ( Tongyong Pinyin: JhongHuá MínGuó SiànFǎ is the basic governing document for the Republic of China (ROC with jurisdiction A presidential system is a System of government where an executive branch exists and presides (hence the term separately from the Legislature A parliamentary system, also known as parliamentarianism (and parliamentarism in American English) is a System of government in which Power shifted to Premier Chiang Ching-kuo after President Chiang Kai-shek's death but shifted to the presidency again when Chiang Ching-kuo became president. Chiang Ching-kuo ( POJ: ChiúⁿKeng-kok ( April 27 1, 1910 – January 13, 1988) Kuomintang (KMT Politician Chiang Kai-shek ( POJ: Chiúⁿ Kài-se̍k Jyutping: zoeng2gaai3sek6 GCB ( October 31, 1887 &ndash After President Lee Teng-hui succeeded Chiang as president in 1988, the power struggle within the KMT extended to the constitutional debate over the relationship between the president and the premier. Lee Teng-hui ( POJ: Lí Teng-hui born 15 January 1923 is a Politician of Taiwan. The first three premiers under Lee, Yu Kuo-hwa, Lee Huan, and Hau Pei-tsun were mainlanders who had initially opposed Lee's ascension to power. Yu Kuo-hwa ( Chinese: 俞國華 Pinyin: Yú Guóhuá 1914-2000 was the Premier of Taiwan from 1984 to 1989 Lee Huan ( (born 1916 is a Politician in the Republic of China. Hau Pei-tsun ( born July 13, 1919) was Premier of the Republic of China from May 30, 1990 to February 10 Mainlanders (also called Inlanders) are people who live in a region considered a "mainland" The appointment of Lee and Hau were compromises by President Lee to placate the conservative mainlander faction in the party. The subsequent appointment of the first native Taiwanese premier Lien Chan was taken as a sign of Lee's consolidation of power. Lien Chan ( POJ: Liân Chùn (born August 27, 1936, in Xi'an China) is a Politician in Taiwan. Moreover, during this time, the power of the premier to approve the president's appointments and the power of the Legislative Yuan to confirm the president's choice of premier was removed (out of fears that the Democratic Progressive Party would one day gain control of the legislature), clearly establishing the president as the more powerful position of the two. The Democratic Progressive Party (DPP ( Taiwanese: Bîn-chú-chìn-pō͘-tóng Traditional Chinese: zh-Hant 民主進步黨 Simplified Chinese: zh-Hans

The relationship between the premier and the legislature again became a contentious issue after the 2000 Presidential election, which led to the election of the Democratic Progressive Party's Chen Shui-bian to the presidency, while the legislature has remained under the control of the Pan-Blue Coalition. The Election for the 10th-term President and Vice-President of the Republic of China (第十任中華民國總統、副總統選舉 the second ever direct elections for President Chen Shui-bian ( born October 12, 1950) is a Taiwanese politician and former President of the Republic of China. The Pan-Blue Coalition ( or Pan-Blue Force ( is a Political alliance in the Republic of China (Taiwan consisting of the Kuomintang Initially, President Chen Shui-bian appointed to the premiership Tang Fei, who was a member of the Kuomintang, but this arrangement proved unworkable and subsequent appointments were from the Democratic Progressive Party. Tang Fei ( Chinese: 唐飛 Pinyin: Táng Fēi born March 15, 1933) is a retired ROC Air Force Admiral and the The Democratic Progressive Party (DPP ( Taiwanese: Bîn-chú-chìn-pō͘-tóng Traditional Chinese: zh-Hant 民主進步黨 Simplified Chinese: zh-Hans The established constitutional convention is that the premier is responsible to the President and does not have any responsibility to the legislature other than to report on his activities. However, the Pan-Blue Coalition has contended that Chen's actions are unconstitutional and has proposed to name its own choice of premier. Pan-Blue has since rejected, on principle, all legislative bills originating from the Executive Yuan (though some bills with inter-party support are simply rewritten and reintroduced by legislators), leading to legislative gridlock. This has renewed calls for a constitutional amendment to better define the relationship between the executive and legislative branches of government.

Contents

History

Powers and responsibilities

Premier as head of government

See also