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Power Mac G5

Apple Power Mac G5
Type: Desktop
Developer: Apple Computer, Inc.
Released: June 24, 2003
Discontinued: August 7, 2006
Processor(s): Single or dual PowerPC G5,
1. A desktop computer is a Personal computer (PC in a form intended for regular use at a single location as opposed to a mobile Laptop or portable computer Apple Inc, ( formerly Apple Computer Inc, is an American Multinational corporation with a focus on designing and manufacturing Consumer electronics Events 972 - Battle of Cedynia, the first documented victory of Polish forces takes place Year 2003 ( MMIII) was a Common year starting on Wednesday of the Gregorian calendar. Events 322 BC - Battle of Crannon between Athens and Macedon following the death of Alexander the Great. Year 2006 ( MMVI) was a Common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. The PowerPC 970, PowerPC 970FX, PowerPC 970GX, and PowerPC 970MP, are 64-bit Power Architecture processors from IBM 6 - 2. 7 GHz
Base Price: USD$1999 (as of 2006)

The Power Mac G5 is Apple's marketing name for models of the Power Macintosh which contain the PowerPC 970 CPU. The United States dollar ( sign: $; code: USD) is the unit of Currency of the United States; it has also been Year 2006 ( MMVI) was a Common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. Apple Inc, ( formerly Apple Computer Inc, is an American Multinational corporation with a focus on designing and manufacturing Consumer electronics Power Macintosh, later Power Mac, is a line of Apple Macintosh Workstation -class Personal computers based on various models of PowerPC The PowerPC 970, PowerPC 970FX, PowerPC 970GX, and PowerPC 970MP, are 64-bit Power Architecture processors from IBM The professional-grade computer was the most powerful in Apple's lineup when it was introduced, and was touted by Apple as the fastest personal computer ever built. It was officially launched as part of Steve Jobs' keynote presentation in June 2003 at the Worldwide Developers Conference, and saw three revisions to the line before being retired in August 2006 to make way for its Intel replacement, the Mac Pro. Steven Paul Jobs (born February 24 1955 is the Co-founder, Chairman, and CEO of Apple Inc and former CEO of Pixar Animation Stevenote is a colloquial term for Keynote speeches by Apple CEO Steve Jobs, generally given at Apple events such as the Macworld Expo, Year 2003 ( MMIII) was a Common year starting on Wednesday of the Gregorian calendar. The Mac Pro is a Workstation computer manufactured by Apple Inc The Power Mac G5 has an anodized aluminum chassis. [1]

Contents

Introduction

The Power Mac G5 was introduced with three models, sharing the same physical case, but differing in features and performance. The 1. 6 GHz model shipped with 256 MB of RAM, an 80 GB hard drive, and could employ a maximum of 4 GB of RAM. A mebibyte (a contraction of me ga bi nary byte) is a unit of Information or Computer storage, abbreviated MiB. A gibibyte (a contraction of gi ga bi nary byte) is a unit of Information or Computer storage, abbreviated GiB. The 1. 8 and dual-processor 2. 0 GHz models shipped with 512 MB of RAM, and could employ a maximum of 8 GB of RAM. A mebibyte (a contraction of me ga bi nary byte) is a unit of Information or Computer storage, abbreviated MiB. A gibibyte (a contraction of gi ga bi nary byte) is a unit of Information or Computer storage, abbreviated GiB. The dual-processor model also included an ATI Radeon 9600 graphics card. The Radeon R300 (introduced August 2002) is the third generation of Radeon graphics chips from ATI Technologies.

Steve Jobs stated during his keynote presentation that the Power Mac G5 would reach 3 GHz "within 12 months. " This would never come to pass; after three years, the G5 only reached 2. 7 GHz (or dual-core at 2. 5 GHz) before being replaced by the Intel Xeon-based Mac Pro, which includes processors with speeds of up to 3. The Xeon brand refers to many families of Intel 's x86 Multiprocessing CPUs – for dual-processor (DP and multi-processor (MP configuration The Mac Pro is a Workstation computer manufactured by Apple Inc 2 GHz.

Also during the presentation, Apple showed Virginia Tech's Mac OS X computer cluster supercomputer (a. Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, better known as Virginia Tech, is a public land grant polytechnic University in Mac OS X (mæk oʊ ɛs tɛn is a line of computer Operating systems developed marketed and sold by Apple Inc, the latest of which is pre-loaded on all currently A supercomputer is a Computer that is at the frontline of processing capacity particularly speed of calculation (at the time of its introduction k. a. supercluster) known as System X, consisting of 1100 Power Mac G5s operating as processing nodes. Superclusters are large groupings of smaller galaxy groups and clusters, and are among the largest structures of the Cosmos. System X is a Supercomputer assembled by Virginia Tech in the summer of 2003, that was originally composed of 1100 Apple Power Mac G5 The supercomputer managed to become one of the top 5 supercomputers that year. The computer was soon dismantled and replaced with a new cluster made of an equal number of Xserve G5 rack-mounted servers, which also use the G5 chip running at 2. Xserve is the name of Apple Inc 's 1U rackmount line of server computers 3 GHz.

PowerPC G5 and the IBM partnership

The inside of a Power Mac G5 Dual 1.8 GHz
The inside of a Power Mac G5 Dual 1. 8 GHz
The PowerPC 970FX inside a PowerMac G5.
The PowerPC 970FX inside a PowerMac G5.

The PowerPC "G5" (actually called the PowerPC 970 by its manufacturer, IBM) is based upon IBM's dual-core POWER4 microprocessor. International Business Machines Corporation abbreviated IBM and nicknamed "Big Blue", is a multinational Computer Technology The POWER4 chip is a CPU that implements the 64-bit PowerPC architecture. At the introduction of the Power Mac G5, Apple announced a partnership with IBM in which IBM would continue to produce PowerPC variants of their POWER processors. According to IBM's Dr. John E. Kelly, "The goal of this partnership is for Apple and IBM to come together so that Apple customers get the best of both worlds, the tremendous creativity from Apple Computers and the tremendous technology from the IBM corporation. IBM invested over $3 billion US dollars in a new lab to produce these large, 300 mm wafers. The Millimetre ( American spelling: millimeter, symbol mm) is a unit of Length in the Metric system, equal to " (This lab is a completely automated facility located in East Fishkill, New York, and figures heavily in IBM's microelectronics strategy above and beyond the partnership with Apple). East Fishkill is a Town in Dutchess County, New York, United States. The original PowerPC 970 has 58 million transistors and is manufactured using IBM CMOS 9S at 130 nm fabrication process. A nanometre ( American spelling: nanometer, symbol nm) ( Greek: νάνος nanos dwarf; μετρώ metrό count) is a CMOS 9S is the combination of SOI, Low-k dielectric insulation, and Copper interconnect technology, which were invented at IBM research in the mid-1990s. Silicon on insulator technology ( SOI) refers to the use of a layered silicon-insulator-silicon Substrate in place of conventional silicon substrates in semiconductor Subsequent revisions of the "G5" processor have included IBM's PowerPC 970FX (same basic design on a 90 nm process), and the PowerPC 970MP (essentially two 970FX cores on one die). Apple refers to the dual-core PowerPC 970MP processors as either the "G5 Dual" (for single socket, dual-core configurations), or G5 Quad (for dual socket, four-core configurations).

The Power Mac G5 line in 2006 consisted of three, dual-core PowerPC G5 configurations, operating at 2. 0, 2. 3, and a dual-processor 2. 5 GHz configuration (the dual contains four cores in total, two per processor). The hertz (symbol Hz) is a measure of Frequency, informally defined as the number of events occurring per Second. A 2. 7 GHz single-core model was also released. It contains PCI-X slots, where the newer models use PCI Express. The Peripheral Component Interconnect, or PCI Standard (commonly PCI) specifies a Computer bus for attaching peripheral devices to a Computer Not to be confused with PCI-X, a different bus architecture Peripheral Component Interconnect Express, officially abbreviated as PCI-E The dual-core G5 configuration can communicate through its FSB at half its internal clock speed. In Personal computers the Front Side Bus ( FSB) is the bus that carries data between the CPU and the northbridge. Each processor in the Power Mac G5 has two unidirectional 32-bit pathways: one leading to the processor and the other from the processor. The range of Integer values that can be stored in 32 bits is 0 through 4294967295 or −2147483648 through 2147483647 using Two's complement encoding These result in a total bandwidth of up to 20 GB/s. The processor at the heart of the Power Mac G5 has a "superscalar, superpipelined" execution core that can handle up to 216 in-flight instructions, and uses a 128-bit, 162-instruction SIMD unit (AltiVec). A superscalar CPU architecture implements a form of parallelism called Instruction-level parallelism within a single processor In Computing, SIMD ( S ingle I nstruction M ultiple D ata is a technique employed to achieve data level parallelism as in a Vector AltiVec is a Floating point and integer SIMD Instruction set designed and owned by Apple, IBM and Freescale Semiconductor

In addition, due to the 64-bit processor (and 42-bit MMU) the Power Mac G5 has a RAM capacity greater than the four gigabyte addressable memory limit of traditional 32-bit processors. '64-bit' CPUs have existed in Supercomputers since the 1960s and in RISC -based workstations and servers since the early 1990s. A memory management unit ( MMU) sometimes called paged memory management unit ( PMMU) is a Computer hardware component responsible for handling A gigabyte (derived from the SI prefix Giga-) is a unit of Information or Computer Currently, the Power Mac G5 can hold sixteen gigabytes of RAM using eight memory slots with 2 GiB per stick. A gigabyte (derived from the SI prefix Giga-) is a unit of Information or Computer All modern 32-bit x86 processors since the Pentium Pro have had 36-bit memory address capability. The Power Mac G5's PowerPC 970 processor itself is capable of addressing 242 bytes (4 terabytes) of physical RAM and 264 bytes (8 exbibytes) of Virtual RAM. A terabyte (derived from the prefix Tera- and commonly abbreviated TB) is a measurement term for data storage capacity. An exbibyte (a contraction of ex a bi nary byte) is a unit of Information or Computer storage, abbreviated EiB. Virtual memory is a Computer system technique which gives an application program the impression that it has contiguous working memory while in fact it may be physically The memory in this final revision of the Power Mac G5 is Dual-Channel DDR2 PC4200, with support for ECC memory. In Telecommunication and Information theory, forward error correction (FEC is a System of Error control for Data transmission, whereby

Product revision history

(Note: DP designates a dual-processor machine, and SP designates a single-processor machine)

A partial list of official firmware updates

Noise problems

Early versions of dual processor G5 computers have noise problems. Events 86 BC - Lucius Cornelius Sulla, at the head of a Roman Republic army enters in Athens, removing the Tyrant Year 2006 ( MMVI) was a Common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. Events 489 - Odoacer attacks Theodoric at the Battle of Verona and is defeated again "MMIV" redirects here For the Modest Mouse album see " Baron von Bullshit Rides Again " Events 284 - Diocletian is proclaimed emperor by his soldiers "MMIV" redirects here For the Modest Mouse album see " Baron von Bullshit Rides Again " The first one is ground loop-based interference[2], which sometimes causes noise leaks into the analog audio outputs. This bug was fixed in Rev. B G5.

The second noise problem came from the 'chirping' sound, which can be triggered by fluctuations in power draw. For example, showing and hiding the Dock makes a brief chirp. Many had blamed the power supply used in the G5 as the cause, but this theory has never been confirmed. A very effective work-around is to disable the CPUs' "nap" feature using Apple's CHUD Tools, but this was not recommended by Apple. This noise problem was not fixed until the dual core generation of G5s were produced. The power draw fluctuation was later attributed to the lack of power management features in the single-core processors. [3] Apple eventually posted the chirping bug information on its support site[4].

Although the noise problems did not prevent the affected computers from working, they were problematic for audio professional and enthusiasts alike, especially for the liquid-cooled models, where users would expect the machines to be quiet.

P. A. Semi's G5 derivative

When P.A. Semi announced the production plan of PWRficient processor in 2005-10-24[5], there had been rumours that Apple would use it in its computers. PA Semi (originally "Palo Alto Semiconductor" is a Fabless semiconductor company founded in Santa Clara California in 2003 by Dan Dobberpuhl PWRficient is the name of a series of Microprocessors designed by P [6]

In 2006, The Register reported that P.A. Semi formed a tight relationship with Apple, which would result in P. The Register (" El Reg " to its staff and readers is a British technology news and opinion website PA Semi (originally "Palo Alto Semiconductor" is a Fabless semiconductor company founded in Santa Clara California in 2003 by Dan Dobberpuhl A. Semi delivering chips for Apple's notebook line and possibly desktops. [7] Even in 2006, Apple did not have a laptop version of G5. The processor that would run the computers was P. A. Semi's first processor, PWRficient 1682M (PA6T-1682M). PWRficient is the name of a series of Microprocessors designed by P The version that would be sampled at third quarter of 2006 was a 2GHz, dual-core CPU with two DDR2 memory controllers, 2MB of L2 cache, and support for 8 PCI Express lanes. The sampled chip also has lower power consumption than Intel's Core Duo, which uses 21-25 watts. The Core brand refers to Intel 's 32-bit mobile Dual-core X86 CPUs that derived from the Pentium M branded processors

According to The Register article, P. A. Semi executives believed they were all but assured winning Apple's contract, and CEO Dan Dobberpuhl thought Apple's hints of moving to Intel were just a bargaining tactic. At the time, the companies were working for PWRficient software. Dobberpuhl was furious when he learned of the Intel deal.

Despite the advantages of more compatible architecture, Apple moved to the Intel architecture officially for 'power-per-watt' reasons. However, P. A. Semi would not be able to ship its low-power multicore product in volume until 2007, combining P. A. Semi's status as a start-up company, it may be the final blow needed to end the development of Power Mac computers. However, it was also speculated that Apple switched to Intel processor because Apple no longer cared about making leading-edge computer hardware[8], or it was Apple's strategy to shift its business focus to iPod and its ecosystem. iPod is a popular brand of Portable media players designed and marketed by Apple Inc

References

  1. ^ Power Mac G5 User's Guide, 2005, page 5
  2. ^ Macintosh: Solutions for noise in the audio signal. December 16, 2004. Apple Inc. October 23, 2007.
  3. ^ Chirping in new PMs. Mac Forums. November 23, 2005. MacRumors. October 23, 2007.
  4. ^ Power Mac G5: I hear buzzes, beeps, or humming. September 01, 2005. Apple Inc. October 23, 2007.
  5. ^ http://www.pasemi.com/news/pr_2005_10_24_b.html
  6. ^ The Linley Group
  7. ^ Apple shunned superstar chip start-up for Intel
  8. ^ P.A. Semi's major PowerPC announcement, and looking back at The Switch

External links

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