Citizendia

Jenna Jameson, a porn star
Jenna Jameson, a porn star

A pornographic actor/actress or a porn star is somebody who appears in pornographic films or photographs, live sex shows or peep shows. Jenna Jameson (born Jenna Marie Massoli on April 9 1974 is an American pornographic actress and Entrepreneur who has been called the world's Pornography or porn is the explicit depiction of Sexual subject matter with the sole intention of sexually exciting the viewer Pornographic films are Motion pictures with the purpose of promoting sexual arousal in the viewer often featuring depictions of sexual activity A photograph (often shortened to photo) is an Image created by Light falling on a light-sensitive surface usually Photographic film or an electronic A sex show is a form of Pornographic Performance in which customers pay to see live persons appearing performing some type of sexual activity A peep show or peepshow is an exhibition of pictures or objects viewed through a small hole or Magnifying glass. Many actors and actresses may appear nude in films (usually filmed in explicit sexual genres). An actor, actress, player or thespian (see terminology) is a person who Acts in a Dramatic production and who works An actor, actress, player or thespian (see terminology) is a person who Acts in a Dramatic production and who works Nudity is the state of wearing no Clothing. The term' "nudity" can also occasionally be used to refer to wearing significantly less clothing than expected The following are common sub- Genres of Pornography. This list may not be comprehensive as there are many genres of pornography Most genres have specialists who achieve most of their recognition in a specific niche market such as bondage or strap-on sex. In the context of BDSM, bondage involves people being tied up or otherwise restrained for pleasure Pegging describes a sexual practice in which a woman penetrates a man's anus with a Strap-on dildo. Other better examples are gaping, general anal sex, double penetration or teenage girls. Anal sex most often refers to the sex act involving insertion of the Penis into the Rectum. This list of sex positions includes descriptions of various forms of Sexual intercourse and other sexual acts between people

Some legal jurisdictions consider commercial pornography as a form of prostitution, though most commercial sex film performers do not regard themselves as prostitutes for various reasons. Pornography or porn is the explicit depiction of Sexual subject matter with the sole intention of sexually exciting the viewer Prostitution is the act of performing Sexual activity in exchange for Money. Most notably these performers are usually not paid directly by their sexual partners for the sex, but through a studio. Some sex film performers do not receive money at all for their inclusion in such films. In this instance, they do so for promotion of their other works such as artistry paintings and sculptures, or have no sex in the films such as repeat performers in the famous Girls Gone Wild film series. The Girls Gone Wild franchise created by Joseph R Francis, is a series by the production company Mantra Films Inc

Contents

History

Many different performers had performed in various sex films since the beginning of photography. Many so called "penny arcades" of the early 1900s had early frame flicker hand cranked films and "rotoscope" (Holmes-style Stereoscope) glasses that featured "racy" pictures of women, mostly in bare breasted pictures, though a few actually showed women in full frontal nudity with fewer still showing them in actual sexual couplings. Stereoscopy, stereoscopic imaging or 3-D (three-dimensional imaging is any technique capable of recording three-dimensional visual There have been many films and photographs that showed sexual acts including the World War II series of erotic German home movies known as the "Sachsenwald films", recorded secretly in Nazi Germany 1941. World War II, or the Second World War, (often abbreviated WWII) was a global military conflict which involved a majority of the world's nations, including [1] But most performers of these early photograph and film recordings usually chose to remain anonymous due to extreme social pressure and legal banning against open sexual actions. The generally acknowledged first porn star with specific (stage) name recognition was Linda Lovelace from the United States, who starred in the 1972 feature Deep Throat. Linda Susan Boreman (January 10 1949 – April 22 2002 better known by her Stage name, " Linda Lovelace," was a porn actress who was famous Deep Throat is an American Pornographic film released in the summer of 1972, written and directed by Gerard Damiano (listed in the The success of this movie, which grossed hundreds of millions of dollars worldwide, spawned a slew of other films and pornographic film stars such as Marilyn Chambers (Behind the Green Door), Gloria Leonard (The Opening of Misty Beethoven), Georgina Spelvin (The Devil in Miss Jones), and Bambi Woods (Debbie Does Dallas). Marilyn Chambers (born Marilyn Ann Briggs, April 22, 1952, in Providence Rhode Island, U Behind the Green Door (1972 was the first hardcore Pornographic movie widely released in the United States. Gloria Leonard (born August 28, 1940 in The Bronx, New York) is a former pornographic actress who became the publisher of a men's The Opening of Misty Beethoven is an American Hardcore pornography film released in 1975 Georgina Spelvin born Michelle Graham on March 1, 1936, is a former American Pornographic actress who is best known for her appearance The Devil in Miss Jones is a 1973 pornographic Film, written and directed by Gerard Damiano Bambi Woods (born 1955) is a Pornographic actress best known for her appearance as the Title character in the 1978 film Debbie Does Dallas Debbie Does Dallas is a 1978 Pornographic movie starring Bambi Woods and Christie Ford (appearing

This era has been termed by some to be The Golden Age of Porn when porn films were being shown in public theaters and thus accepted for public consumption or at least tolerated for such. The Golden Age of Porn refers to a brief modern period in the history of pornography, approximately from the late- sixties to the early-to-mid- 1980s. [2] This time frame lasted until the late 1970s, with some saying the early 1980s, whereby these sex films had specific story-plots and promotional budgets and the performers became notable. Such legendary performers of this era include John Holmes, Ginger Lynn Allen, Veronica Hart, Nina Hartley, Seka, and Amber Lynn became well known in this era. John Curtis Holmes ( August 8, 1944 – March 13, 1988) better known as John C Ginger Lynn (born Ginger Lynn Allen December 14, 1962) is an American pornographic actress, remembered for her work in the 1980s This article is about the adult film director and actress For the American novelist see Jane Hamilton. Nina Hartley (born Marie Louise Hartman on March 11, 1959 in Berkeley California) is an American Pornographic actress Seka is a legendary US pornographic actress (or "sex performer" as she prefers born Dorothiea Hundley, on April 15, 1954 Amber Lynn (born Laura Allen on September 3 1964 in Orange California, U

Attempts were made in the 1970s to outlaw pornography in the United States by prosecuting porn stars for prostitution. The United States of America —commonly referred to as the Prostitution is the act of performing Sexual activity in exchange for Money. The courts in California were where the case was initially made, and stopped short of advancing the case to the United States Supreme Court for a final decision. The Supreme Court of the United States is the highest judicial body in the United States and leads the federal judiciary. It was this decision and acceptance to let stand whereby the California Court made a legal distinction in the case of People v. Freeman between someone who took part in a sexual relationship for money (prostitution) versus someone who takes on the act of merely portraying role where a sexual relationship was engaged in on-screen act as part of their acting performance. Personal life Harold "Hal" Freeman was born and raised in Chicago Illinois It is this specific legal distinction between pornography and prostitution in California law that has allowed California to become the porn center of the United States.

At present, no other state in the United States has either implemented or accepted this legal distinction between commercial pornography performers versus prostitutes as shown in the Florida case where sex film maker Clinton Raymond McCowen, aka "Ray Guhn", was indicted on charges of "soliciting and engaging in prostitution" for his creation of pornography films which included "McCowen and his associates recruited up to 100 local men and women to participate in group sex scenes, the affidavit says. "[3] The distinction that California has in its legal determination in the Freeman decision is usually denied in most state's locale prostitution laws, which do NOT specifically exclude performers from such inclusion.

In some cases, some states have ratified their local state laws for inclusion to prevent California's Freeman decision to be applied to actors who are paid a fee for sexual actions within their state borders. One example is the state of Texas whose prostitution law specifically states:

An offense is established under Subsection (a)(1) whether the actor is to receive or pay a fee. Texas ( is a state geographically located in the South Central United States and is also known as the Lone Star State. An offense is established under Subsection (a)(2) whether the actor solicits a person to hire him or offers to hire the person solicited. [4]

The ability for people to view adult movies in the privacy of their own homes, owing to the popularity of the VCR (and now DVD) created a new adult market that has exceeded the scope of the previous theatre centric era. PLEASE BEAR IN MIND THAT THIS IS A GENERAL ARTICLE ABOUT VCRs/VIDEOCASSETTE RECORDERS DVD (also known as " Digital Versatile Disc " or " Digital Video Disc " - see Etymology)is Additionally, the prevalence of the Internet has served as a catalyst for the increased sale of pornography. The Internet is a global system of interconnected Computer networks In the late 1990s, Jenna Jameson, Juli Ashton, Ashlyn Gere, Asia Carrera, Racquel Darrian, Tera Patrick, Briana Banks, Stacy Valentine, Jill Kelly, and Silvia Saint emerged as new wave of porn stars. Jenna Jameson (born Jenna Marie Massoli on April 9 1974 is an American pornographic actress and Entrepreneur who has been called the world's Juli Ashton (born on October 5, 1968 in Colorado Springs Colorado, U Ashlyn Gere (born September 14, 1959 in Cherry Point, North Carolina) is a former American pornographic actress Asia Carrera (born Jessica Steinhauser on August 6 1973 in New York City) is a former American pornographic actress. Racquel Darrian (born Kelly Jackson on July 21 1968 is an American pornographic actress. Linda Ann Hopkins (born July 25 1976 in Great Falls Montana) known professionally as Tera Patrick, is an American Pornographic actress. Briana Banks (born Briana Bany in Munich, Germany) is a German - American pornographic actress and model. Stacy Valentine (born Stacy Baker on August 9, 1970) is a former American porn star. Jill Kelly (born Adrianna Moore; February 1 1971 is the Stage name used by an American pornographic actress, director and producer Silvia Saint (also spelled Sylvia Saint, born Sylvie Tomčalová on February 12 1976 and between 1997 and 2001 she appeared in over 200 pornographic

Some state that the production values of adult films have decidedly declined in the attempt to create a constant amount of new films to fulfill the ever increasing demand. Other argue that sex films are merely being more true to their source as some have stated that people only watch these films in order to see these performer have sex - paraphrased from (To which the only answer is "No, they watch her movies to see her fuck. "[5])

As a result of this, there are hundreds of adult film companies today, releasing tens of thousands of directly recorded-on-video with minimal set including so called web cam recordings annually, with thousands of people working on both sides of the camera to meet the demand for these films.

Male performers

Director Michael Lucas prepares two male actors, Rodrigo diCarli and Kurt Wild, for a scene.
Director Michael Lucas prepares two male actors, Rodrigo diCarli and Kurt Wild, for a scene. Michael Lucas (born Andrei Treivas March 10 1972 director and the founder / CEO of Lucas Entertainment New York's largest gay-adult-film

While the primary focus of heterosexual sex films are the women in them, who are mostly selected for their on-screen appearance, there is a definite focus on the male performers who are able to fulfill the desires of the male watching audience as their on-screen proxies. Most male performers in heterosexual pornography are generally selected less for their looks than for their sexual prowess, namely their ability to do three things: achieve an erection while on a busy film set, maintain that erection while performing on camera, and then to be able to achieve ejaculation on cue. The erection of the Penis, Clitoris or a Nipple is its enlarged and firm state Ejaculation is the ejecting of Semen from the Penis, and is usually accompanied by Orgasm.

Rocco Siffredi, Ron Jeremy, Peter North and John Holmes are probably the most famous male performers in heterosexual films. Rocco Siffredi (born May 4, 1964) is the Stage name of an Italian Pornographic actor, director and producer Ronald Jeremy Hyatt (born 12 March 1953 in Bayside Queens Jeremy has also appeared in non-pornographic films with studios such as Troma Entertainment Peter North (born Alden Brown on May 11, 1957) is a Canadian Pornographic actor, director and producer of the John Curtis Holmes ( August 8, 1944 – March 13, 1988) better known as John C North is known for his ability to launch above-average amounts of semen at notable velocity from his penis on-screen which most other male performers can not do. Physiological aspects Internal and external fertilization Depending on the Species, spermatozoa can fertilize Jeremy is known for his 9. 75 inch (25cm) penis and an appearance very unusual for a porn star (he is overweight with large amounts of body hair). Adding to his fame, Ron Jeremy has been a staple in the industry since the '70s and has become something of a cultural icon.

Pay rates

According to some sources, most male performers in straight porn are paid less than their female counterparts. Ron Jeremy has commented on several times regarding the pay scale against the women and the men of the sex film industry: "The average guy gets $300 to $400 a scene, or $100 to $200 if he's new. A woman makes $100,000 to $250,000 at the end of the year. "[6] and "Girls can easily make 100K-250K per year, plus stuff on the side like strip shows and appearances. The average guy makes $40,000 a year. "[7]

Some state that gay male porn generally pays men much more than heterosexual porn, a number of male performers, including North, who has appeared in both heterosexual and gay pornography. [8] However North strenuously denies that he has ever actively performed in homosexual acts other than his earliest times. Ostensibly, men who perform in gay pornography but identify themselves as heterosexual are said to do gay-for-pay; that is, perform in gay movies only for the paycheck, not because of any personal attraction they have to other men. Gay-for-pay is a term used more commonly with male (and less frequently female actors pornographic stars or sex workers that identify as heterosexual

According to notable producer Seymore Butts who runs his own sex film recruitment agency as well as produces sex film "depending on draw, female performers who perform in both straight and lesbian porn earn more than those who do normal sex (Boy/Girl) usually make about US$200-800 while those who only do oral sex (blow job) usually only make about US$100-300 for the scene. Seymore Butts (born Adam Glasser March 18 1964 in The Bronx New York) is an American Adult film director producer and occasional star who [9]

While some pornographic actors perform in a wide range of genres, most genres have specialists who achieve most of their recognition in a specific niche market such as bondage or strap-on sex. The following are common sub- Genres of Pornography. This list may not be comprehensive as there are many genres of pornography In the context of BDSM, bondage involves people being tied up or otherwise restrained for pleasure A strap-on dildo (also strap-on, dildo harness) is a Dildo designed to be worn (usually in a Harness) by one partner and used to penetrate With over several thousand usually one hour long sex films produced each year from several countries, the most accessible usually made and released from within the United States, many performers will complete a film every one or two weeks. However, many of the highly regarded and thus highly paid performers, such as Jenna Jameson, only star in actual sex films a few times a year, due to the substantial pay rate they charge for their inclusion in film releases. Jenna Jameson (born Jenna Marie Massoli on April 9 1974 is an American pornographic actress and Entrepreneur who has been called the world's

Pornographic actors and STDs

Because of the nature of their work, usually involving sex without condoms, pornographic actors are particularly vulnerable to HIV and other sexually transmitted diseases. A condom is a device most commonly used during Sexual intercourse. Human immunodeficiency virus ( HIV) is a Lentivirus (a member of the Retrovirus family that can lead to acquired immunodeficiency syndrome A sexually transmitted disease ( STD) or venereal disease ( VD) is an illness that has a significant probability of transmission between Humans

In the 1980s, an outbreak of HIV led to a number of deaths of erotic actors and actresses, including John Holmes, R. John Curtis Holmes ( August 8, 1944 – March 13, 1988) better known as John C J. Reynolds, Wade Nichols, Marc Stevens, Chuck Vincent, Casey Donavan, Al Parker and Lisa De Leeuw. Wade Nichols (aka Dennis Parker 28 October 1946 - 28 January 1985) was an American Actor and singer Marc Stevens (born Marc Kutner, February 9 1943 &ndash August 1989 was an American Erotic performer Al Parker (born Andrew "Drew" Okun 25 June 1952, Natick, Massachusetts Lisa De Leeuw (1958–1993 was an American pornographic actress. This led to the creation of the Adult Industry Medical Health Care Foundation, which helped set up a system in the U. The Adult Industry Medical Health Care Foundation (AIM is an organization which tests Erotic actors for HIV and other STDs on a scheduled basis S. adult film industry where erotic actors are tested for HIV every 30 days. Human immunodeficiency virus ( HIV) is a Lentivirus (a member of the Retrovirus family that can lead to acquired immunodeficiency syndrome All sexual contact is logged, and positive test results lead to all sexual contacts for the last three to six months being contacted and re-tested. The use of condoms became standard in films featuring homosexual anal sex. Anal sex most often refers to the sex act involving insertion of the Penis into the Rectum.

In 1997, John Stagliano tested positive for HIV. "Buttman" redirects here For the German philologist and ambassador to the Vatican see Buttmann. Human immunodeficiency virus ( HIV) is a Lentivirus (a member of the Retrovirus family that can lead to acquired immunodeficiency syndrome He contracted the virus recreationally after having unprotected anal sex with a Brazilian transsexual in Rio de Janeiro. Rio de Janeiro ("River of January" ˈhiw dʒi ʒʌˈnejɾu in Brazilian Portuguese, /ˈriːoʊ di ʒəˈnɛroʊ/ in English is the second largest city of Brazil [10]

In 1998, a second outbreak ocurred. Sharon Mitchell, Director of the Adult Industry Medical Health Care Foundation, announced on April 30, that Marc Wallice was HIV-positive. Sharon Mitchell (born January 18, 1956) is the Director of the Adult Industry Medical Health Care Foundation, which she set up in 1998 The Adult Industry Medical Health Care Foundation (AIM is an organization which tests Erotic actors for HIV and other STDs on a scheduled basis Wallice's career was effectively over, with rumors and speculation that he also infected several actresses, including Brooke Ashley, Tricia Devereaux, Caroline, Jordan McKnight, Barbara Doll, and Kimberly Jade. Brooke Ashley (born Anne Marie Ballowe (This record was broken in 2004 by Victoria Givens when she engaged in anal intercourse with 101 people Tricia Devereaux (born January 12 a former American Pornographic actress. Jordan McKnight was the primary stage name of one of the more notable black sex film performers of late-1990s He denies the rumors, but they continue to resonate with many in the business. After all, Marc had been caught with a fake AIDS certificate only months before the scandal broke. [11]

In 1999, Tony Montana and a Florida female performer tested HIV positive. [12] On January 18, 2000, Niki Lae tested HIV positive. In January, 2001, black female Tori Coca Flame tested HIV positive.

In 2004, a male performer, Darren James, tested positive for HIV;[13] after engaging in unprotected anal sex with Brazilian porn star Bianca Biaggi for a scene in the video "Split That Booty 2" in Rio de Janeiro. Darren James (born February 25, 1964 in Detroit, Michigan) is an African-American ex- Pornographic actor who sent Bianca Biaggi is a Brazilian Pornographic actress, now retired from the porn industry who was suspected to have infected Darren James with HIV Rio de Janeiro ("River of January" ˈhiw dʒi ʒʌˈnejɾu in Brazilian Portuguese, /ˈriːoʊ di ʒəˈnɛroʊ/ in English is the second largest city of Brazil [14] By the end of the month it was discovered that three actresses who had worked with James shortly after his return to the United States (two of whom were involved in the same production) had also become infected with the virus. These were Canadian newcomer Lara Roxx, Miss Arroyo, and Czech-born Jessica Dee. Lara Roxx is the stage name of a Montreal Quebec -born Canadian porn actress, who in March 2004 became the first known individual in four years to contract Miss Arroyo is the Pseudonym of the American pornographic actress Meriesa Arroyo who tested positive for HIV in March 2004 (along with Jessica Dee (born November 14, 1978) is a Czech Pornographic actress. While it was announced that the viral load tests showed that James was "Patient Zero",[15], others in the industry have stated they feel that Lara Roxx is truly the source of the outbreak[16] as she was previously working as a street prostitute in her native Montreal before coming to Los Angeles. Lara Roxx is the stage name of a Montreal Quebec -born Canadian porn actress, who in March 2004 became the first known individual in four years to contract Montreal, or Montréal in French ( pronounced in French, in English) is the largest city in the Canadian province of Quebec [17] Following the release of this information the heterosexual porn industry voluntarily reduced their workload for the next 30 days, as various contacts with both individuals, as well as others within the industry, re-evaluated and expanded upon their original programs dealing with this possibility.

Accurate information about the extent of infection among those in the adult industry is unknown because no organization has ever done rigorous studies. Scientific method refers to bodies of Techniques for investigating phenomena The existing data suggest that pornographic actors have a much higher rate of STDs than the general American population. [18]

Autobiographies

References

  1. ^ Harding, Luke (2004-02-12). Michaela Schaffrath (born December 6, 1970 in Eschweiler, West Germany as Michaela Jänke) became famous in Germany Christy Canyon (born on June 17, 1966 In her personal life Canyon has dated comedian Robin Williams, Max Baer Jr Hyapatia Lee (b November 11 1960, Indianapolis Indiana) of Cherokee descent was an American Exotic dancer and "MMIV" redirects here For the Modest Mouse album see " Baron von Bullshit Rides Again " Events 1429 - English Forces under Sir John Fastolf defend a supply convoy carrying rations to the army besieging Orleans from attack by the Porn und Drang (English). The Guardian. The Guardian (until 1959 The Manchester Guardian) is a British Newspaper owned by the Guardian Media Group. Retrieved on 2007-04-18. Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Events 1025 - Bolesław Chrobry is crowned in Gniezno, becoming the first King of Poland.  “Before submitting his manuscript to his publisher last summer, Kunkel had researched long and hard into one of the most subterranean aspects of the Nazi era - a series of erotic home movies known as the Joe Keller films, shot secretly in 1941. Officially, pornography was forbidden under the Nazis; in reality, however, the films were not only screened privately for the amusement of senior Nazi figures, but were also traded in north Africa for insect repellent and other commodities. ”
  2. ^ Second wave: Feminism and porns golden age. Radical Society Oct 2002 by Loren Glass
  3. ^ Webmaster Ray Guhn Arrested in Florida. xbiz. com. Retrieved on 2006-06-26. Year 2006 ( MMVI) was a Common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. Events 363 - Roman Emperor Julian is killed during the retreat from the Sassanid Empire.
  4. ^ Texas Penal Code, Chapter 43: Public Indecency. Texas Legislature. Retrieved on 2007-04-18. Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Events 1025 - Bolesław Chrobry is crowned in Gniezno, becoming the first King of Poland.
  5. ^ The golden age of porn. Salon. com. Retrieved on 2002-04-13. See also 2002 (disambiguation Year 2002 ( MMII) was a Common year starting on Tuesday of the Gregorian calendar. Events 1111 - Henry V is crowned Holy Roman Emperor. 1204 - The Fourth Crusade sacks Constantinople
  6. ^ Ron Jeremy: Penetrating society since '78
  7. ^ Jeremy spoke in class today: An exclusive interview with porn movie legend, Ron Jeremy
  8. ^ 'The Bigger the Better' (1984)
  9. ^ How to become a porn star and get in the Porn business. hush-hush. co. uk. Retrieved on 2007-04-14. Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Events 43 BC - Battle of Forum Gallorum: Mark Antony, besieging Julius Caesar 's assassin Decimus Junius Brutus in
  10. ^ A rough trade | By genre | guardian.co.uk Books
  11. ^ Marc Wallice, Marc Wallice Porn Star DVD Movies and VHS Video Films at www.excaliburfilms.com
  12. ^ HIV scare hits US porn industry | World news | The Observer
  13. ^ Darren James Diagnosed HIV-Positive. AVN (2004-04-13). "MMIV" redirects here For the Modest Mouse album see " Baron von Bullshit Rides Again " Events 1111 - Henry V is crowned Holy Roman Emperor. 1204 - The Fourth Crusade sacks Constantinople Retrieved on 2007-09-22. Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Events 66 - Emperor Nero creates the Legion I Italica. 1236 - The Lithuanians
  14. ^ Alan Clendenning (2004-04-29). "MMIV" redirects here For the Modest Mouse album see " Baron von Bullshit Rides Again " Events 1429 - Joan of Arc arrives to relieve the Siege of Orleans. HIV Case Airs Secrets of Porn Industry. Miami Herald. The Miami Herald is a daily Newspaper owned by The McClatchy Company headquartered in Downtown Miami Florida. Archived from the original on 2004-04-30. "MMIV" redirects here For the Modest Mouse album see " Baron von Bullshit Rides Again " Events 313 - Roman emperor Licinius unifies the entire Eastern Roman Empire under his rule Retrieved on 2007-09-22. Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Events 66 - Emperor Nero creates the Legion I Italica. 1236 - The Lithuanians
  15. ^ Viral Load Results Indicate James was 'Patient Zero'. AVN (2004-04-26). "MMIV" redirects here For the Modest Mouse album see " Baron von Bullshit Rides Again " Events 1467 - The miraculous image in Our Lady of Good Counsel appear in Genazzano, Italy. Retrieved on 2007-09-22. Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Events 66 - Emperor Nero creates the Legion I Italica. 1236 - The Lithuanians
  16. ^ Gene Ross (2004-05-08). "MMIV" redirects here For the Modest Mouse album see " Baron von Bullshit Rides Again " Events 589 - Reccared summons the Third Council of Toledo 1450 - Jack Cade's Rebellion: Kentishmen Lara Roxx, Patient Zero?. AdultFYI. Retrieved on 2007-09-22. Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Events 66 - Emperor Nero creates the Legion I Italica. 1236 - The Lithuanians
  17. ^ Gene Ross (2004-04-27). "MMIV" redirects here For the Modest Mouse album see " Baron von Bullshit Rides Again " Events 1124 - David I becomes King of Scotland. 1296 - Battle of Dunbar: The Scots are defeated Lara Roxx More Like 30. AdultFYI. Retrieved on 2007-09-22. Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Events 66 - Emperor Nero creates the Legion I Italica. 1236 - The Lithuanians
  18. ^ Grudzen, Corita R. ; Kerndt, Peter R. (2007-06-19). Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Events 1179 - The Norwegian Battle of Kalvskinnet outside Nidaros. The Adult Film Industry: Time to Regulate?. PLoS Medicine. Public Library of Science, U.S. National Library of Medicine. The Public Library of Science (PLoS is a nonprofit open-access scientific publishing project aimed at creating a library of Open access journals and other Scientific The United States National Library of Medicine ( NLM) operated by the United States federal government, is the world's largest Medical library. Archived from the original on 2007-08-06. Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Events 1538 - Bogotá, Colombia, is founded by Gonzalo Jiménez de Quesada. Retrieved on 2007-10-01. Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Events 331 BC - Alexander the Great defeats Darius III of Persia in the Battle of Gaugamela.  “Among 825 performers screened in 2000–2001, 7. 7% of females and 5. 5% of males had chlamydia, and 2% overall had gonorrhea. Gonorrhea (also gonorrhoea) caused by the bacteria Neisseria gonorrhoeae, is a common Sexually transmitted disease. These rates are much higher than in patients visiting family planning clinics, where chlamydia and gonorrhea rates were 4. 0% and 0. 7%, respectively. . . . Between January 2003 and March 2005, approximately 976 performers were reported with 1,153 positive STD test results. Of the 1,153 positive test results, 722 (62. 6 %) were chlamydia, 355 (30. 8%) were gonorrhea, and 126 (10. 9%) were coinfections with chlamydia and gonorrhea [10]. Less is known about the prevalence and risk of transmission of other STDs such as syphilis, herpes simplex virus, human papillomavirus, hepatitis B or C, trichomonal infection, or diseases transmitted through the fecal–oral route. Syphilis is a Sexually transmitted disease caused by the spirochetal Bacterium Treponema pallidum pallidum. Herpes simplex is a Viral disease caused by Herpes simplex viruses both herpes simplex virus 1 (HSV-1 and herpes simplex virus 2 (HSV-2 cause herpes simplex A human papillomavirus ( HPV) is a Papillomavirus that infects the skin and Mucous membranes of Humans Approximately 130 HPV types have been Hepatitis C is a blood-borne infectious disease that is caused by the Hepatitis C virus ( HCV) affecting the Liver. ”

External links

© 2009 citizendia.org; parts available under the terms of GNU Free Documentation License, from http://en.wikipedia.org