| Popular music | |
| Stylistic origins | |
|---|---|
| Cultural origins |
Various
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| Typical instruments | |
| Mainstream popularity | By definition, always. Traditional music is the term now used in the terminology of Grammy Awards for what used to be called " folk music " The guitar is a Musical instrument with ancient roots that is used in a wide variety of musical styles A drum kit (also drum set or trap set) is a collection of Drums Cymbals and sometimes other Percussion instruments such as cowbells A keyboard instrument is any musical instrument played using a Musical keyboard. |
| Other topics | |
| Pop rock | |
. Pop rock is a hybrid of Pop music and Rock music that uses catchy pop style with light lyrics over top of guitar-based songs A house band is a group of musicians often centrally organized by a band leader who regularly play an establishment
Popular music is music belonging to any of a number of musical styles that are accessible to the general public and are disseminated by one or more of the mass media. Music is an Art form in which the medium is Sound organized in Time. A music genre is a categorical and typological construct that identifies musical sounds as belonging to a particular category and type of music that can be distinguished from other Mainstream is generally the common current of Thought of the Majority. "Popular press" redirects here note that the University of Wisconsin Press publishes under the imprint "The Popular Press" It stands in contrast to art music,[1] which historically was the music of the elite and upper strata of society, and traditional music which was disseminated orally. Art music (or serious music or erudite music) as defined by Jacques Siron is an umbrella term generally used to refer to musical traditions implying advanced structural Traditional music is the term now used in the terminology of Grammy Awards for what used to be called " folk music " [2] It is sometimes abbreviated to pop music, although pop music is more often taken as meaning the genre of pop, rather than popular music as a whole. Pop music as a genre features a noticeable rhythmic element catchy melodies and hooks, a mainstream style and conventional structure
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Definition of popular music
Among scholars in the humanities, a broader range of definitions have been proposed about popular music. The humanities are academic disciplines which study the Human condition, using methods that are primarily Analytic, Critical, or Speculative Frans Birrer (1985, p. 104) gives four conceptions or definitions of "popular" music:
- Normative definitions. Popular music is an inferior type.
- Negative definitions. Popular music is music that is not something else (usually 'folk' or 'art' music).
- Sociological definitions. Popular music is associated with (produced for or by) a particular social group.
- Technologico-economic definitions. Popular music is disseminated by mass media and/or in a mass market.
All of these, according to Middleton (1990,p. 4) "are interest-bound; none is satisfactory. " According to Hall (1978, p. 6-7), "The assumption. . . that you might know before you looked at cultural traditions in general what, at any particular time, was a part of the elite culture or of popular culture is untenable. " Thus popular music must be comprehended in relation to the broader musical field (Middleton 1990, p. 11).
Bennett (1980, p. 153-218) distinguishes between 'primary' and 'secondary' popular culture, the first being mass product and the second being local re-production, discussed further below.
"While repetition is a feature of all music, of any sort, a high level of repetition may be a specific mark of 'the popular', enabling an inclusive rather than exclusive audience. " (Middleton 1990, p. 139)
Business
Much popular music is the product of the modern business enterprise disseminated for the purpose of earning a profit. Executives and employees of popular music businesses try to select and cultivate the music that will have the greatest success with the public, and thus maximize the profits of their firm. In this respect, popular music differs from traditional folk music, which was created by ordinary people for their own enjoyment, and from classical music, which was originally created to serve the purposes of the Church or for the entertainment of the nobility. Folk music can have a number of different meanings including Traditional music: The original meaning of the term "folk music" was synonymous Classical music is a broad term that usually refers to mainstream music produced in or rooted in the traditions of Western liturgical and Secular music (Today classical music is often subsidized by governments and universities. )
Although the controlling forces of popular music are business enterprises, young people who aspire to become popular musicians are not always driven by the profit motive. Rather, they often want to find an outlet for their sense of expression and creativity, or simply to have fun. Historically, the conflicting motives of business people and musicians have been a source of tension in the popular music industry.
Debate continues about the status of popular music. Some emphasize the commercial motive and suggest the big companies manipulate the audiences and sell them products with no intrinsic value. This is the debate about "authenticity" which rages whenever popular music is discussed. Commercial interests can cause the dilution of music as corporations take over their distribution, and may cause music to move away from the grassroots level of Folk or Blues. Several movements such as punk and Heavy Metal in the 80s, and Indie in the 90s, attempted to ensure this dilution did not occur. In Popular music, independent music, often abbreviated as indie, is a term used to describe independence from major commercial record labels and an autonomous
The electric guitar and amplification have had a big impact on modern music. In the 1930s and 40s amplified instruments became necessary to compete with the loud volumes in the Big Swing bands of the era. The 1930s were described as an abrupt shift to more radical and conservative lifestyles as countries were struggling to find a solution to the Great Depression. Gibson introduced the first Gibson Les Paul solid body guitar in 1952. Year 1952 ( MCMLII) was a Leap year starting on Tuesday (link will display full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. In the 1960s, the tonal palette of the electric guitar was further modified by introducing an effects box in its signal path, the wah-wah pedal. The 1960s decade refers to the years from the beginning of 1960 to the end of 1969
Many people play popular music in amateur "garage bands". These amateur groups can be considered a modern equivalent of folk music, which was composed and performed by ordinary people and transmitted by word of mouth. Folk music can have a number of different meanings including Traditional music: The original meaning of the term "folk music" was synonymous
Form
Form in popular music is most often sectional, the most common sections being verse, chorus or refrain, and bridge. The structures or Musical forms of Songs in Popular music are typically sectional forms such as Strophic form. The term musical form refers to two related concepts the type of composition (for example a musical work can have the form of a Symphony, a The structures or Musical forms of Songs in Popular music are typically sectional forms such as Strophic form. A refrain (from Vulgar Latin refringere, "to repeat" and later from Old French refraindre) is the Line or lines that are This article is about a bridge section in a piece of popular or classical music See also the discussion of complexity below.
Genres
Popular music dates at least as far back as the mid 19th century, and is commonly subdivided into genres. This is a list of the commercially-relevant genres in modern popular music. Different genres often appeal to different age groups. These often, but not always, are the people who were young when the music was new. Thus, for instance, Big band music continues to have a following, but it is probably a rather older group, on average, than the audience for rap. A big band is a type of Musical ensemble associated with playing jazz music and which became popular during the Swing Era from the early 1930s until the late Hip hop music, also referred to as rap music, is a Music genre typically consisting of a rhythmic vocal style called rap which is accompanied with For some genres, such as Ragtime music, the original target generation may have died out almost entirely. Ragtime (alternately spelled Rag-time) is an American musical genre which enjoyed its peak popularity between 1897 and 1918
With the increasing social and economic independence of young people, this "generation gap" has grown wider and wider since the second World War. Music hall and other forms before the 1940s were not so clearly marked by generation. From the Depression through the end of the war, Bing Crosby was the highest-selling recording artist in the United States. Harry Lillis “Bing” Crosby ( May 3, 1903 &ndash October 14, 1977) was an Academy Award winning American Popular His fan base had no age division. The average Kraft Music Hall listener was 21 years old. The Kraft Music Hall was a major NBC radio variety program featuring top show business entertainers in a 16-year span from 1933 to 1949 But after Crosby's semi-retirement in 1954, a large generation gap emerged. Elvis Presley became the most popular recording artist among teenagers, while Frank Sinatra was most popular among adults. Francis Albert "Frank" Sinatra (December 12 1915 &ndash May 14 1998 was an American singer and actor
Classical music and popular music
The relationship between (particularly, the relative value of) classical music and popular music is a controversial question. Some partisans of classical music may claim that classical music constitutes art and popular music only light entertainment. Art refers to a diverse range of Human activities creations and expressions that are appealing to the Senses or Emotions of a human individual However, many popular works show a high level of artistry and musical innovation and many classical works are unabashedly crowd-pleasing. The elevation of classical music to a position of special value is closely connected to the concept of a Western canon, and to theories of educational perennialism. The Western canon is a term used to denote a canon of books and more widely music and art, that has been the most influential in Perennialists believe that one should teach the things that one deems to be of everlasting importance to all people everywhere
The very distinction between classical and popular music has sometimes been blurred in the border regions [3], for instance minimalist music and light classics. Minimalist music is an originally American genre of experimental or Downtown music named in the 1960s based mostly in consonant harmony, steady In this respect music is like fiction, which likewise draws a distinction between classics and popular fiction that is not always easy to maintain. Genre fiction is a term for fictional works ( Novels short stories) written with the intent of fitting into a specific Literary genre
| “ | Neat divisions between 'folk' and 'popular', and 'popular' and 'art', are impossible to find . . . arbitrary criteria [are used] to define the complement of 'popular'. 'Art' music, for example, is generally regarded as by nature complex, difficult, demanding; 'popular' music then has to be defined as 'simple', 'accessible', 'facile'. But many pieces commonly thought of as 'art' (Handel's 'Hallelujah Chorus', many Schubert songs, many Verdi arias) have qualities of simplicity; conversely, it is by no means obvious that the Sex Pistols' records were 'accessible', [trashy?] Frank Zappa's work 'simple', [Frank Zappa is considered by many a serious composer] or Billie Holiday's 'facile'. Frank Vincent Zappa (December 21 1940 – December 4 1993 was an American Composer, Electric guitarist Record producer and Film director " [light?] (Middleton, 1990) | ” |
See also
External links
- Pop and Rock Argues that Pop and Rock are inferior musical genres. Music radio is a radio format in which Music is the main broadcast content Popular culture (or pop culture) is the Culture — patterns of human activity and the symbolic structures that give such activities significance and importance — A listing of lists of Musicians. By genre The following are lists of musicians by style and genre.
- The 1950s-2000's Week-By-Week - Looks at pop music/albums/radio and music news through these decades.
- Pop Culture Madness Features the most requested pop songs 1920s through today
Sources
- Middleton, Richard (1990/2002). Studying Popular Music. Philadelphia: Open University Press. ISBN 0-335-15275-9.
- Bennett (1980).
- Birrer, Frans A. J. (1985). "Definitions and research orientation: do we need a definition of popular music?" in D. Horn, ed. , Popular Music Perspectives, 2 (Gothenburge, Exeter, Ottawa and Reggio Emilia), p. 99-106.
- Hall, S. (1978). "Popular culture, politics, and history", in Popular Culture Bulletin, 3, Open University duplicated paper.
- Everett, Walter (1997). "Swallowed by a Song: Paul Simon's Crisis of Chromaticism", Understanding Rock: Essays in Musical Analysis. New York: Oxford University Press. ISBN 0-19-510004-2.
- Hamm, Charles (1979). Yesterdays: Popular Song in America. New York: W. W. Norton & Company. ISBN 0-393-01257-3.
- Manuel, Peter (1988). Popular Musics of the Non-Western World: An Introductory Survey. New York: Oxford University Press. ISBN 0-19-505342-7.
References
- ^ "Arnold, Denis (1983)
- "Art Music, Art Song," in The New Oxford Companion Music, Volume 1: A-J, Oxford University Press, p. 111. ISBN 0-19-311316-3
- "Popular music" in The New Oxford Companion to Music, Volume 2: K-Z, Oxford University Press, p. 1467. ISBN 0-19-311316-3
- ^ Arnold, Denis (1983).
- " Art Music, Art Song,"idem
- " Popular music," Ibid vol. 2 p. 1467 .
- ^ Arnold, Denis (1983). " Art Music, Art Song," in The New Oxford Companion to Music, Volume 1: A-J, Oxford University Press, p. P. 111, . ISBN 0-19-311316-3
Dictionary
popular music
-noun
- (music) Any genre of music that has a wide appeal amongst the general public of a society dominated by urban culture and advanced technology, especially music considered to have a lower value and complexity than "classical music".
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