| Pius IV | |
|---|---|
 |
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| Birth name | Giovanni Angelo Medici |
| Papacy began | December 25, 1559 |
| Papacy ended | December 9, 1565 |
| Predecessor | Paul IV |
| Successor | Pius V |
| Born | March 31, 1499 Milan, Italy |
| Died | December 9, 1565 (aged 66) Rome, Italy |
| Other popes named Pius | |
Pope Pius IV (March 31, 1499 – December 9, 1565), born Giovanni Angelo Medici, was Pope from 1559 to 1565. Events 274 - Roman Emperor Aurelian Events 536 - Byzantine General Belisarius enters Rome while the Ostrogothic garrison peacefully leaves the city Pope Paul IV ( June 28, 1476 &ndash August 18, 1559) né Giovanni Pietro Carafa, was Pope from May 23 Pope Events 307 - After divorcing his wife Minervina, Constantine marries Fausta, the daughter of the retired Roman Emperor Milan (Milano Milan (listen) is one of the largest cities in Italy, located in the plains of Lombardy. Italy (Italia officially the Italian Republic, (Repubblica Italiana is located on the Italian Peninsula in Southern Europe, and on the two largest Events 536 - Byzantine General Belisarius enters Rome while the Ostrogothic garrison peacefully leaves the city Rome ( Roma ˈroma Roma is the capital city of Italy and Lazio, and is Italy's largest and most populous city with more than 2 Italy (Italia officially the Italian Republic, (Repubblica Italiana is located on the Italian Peninsula in Southern Europe, and on the two largest Events 307 - After divorcing his wife Minervina, Constantine marries Fausta, the daughter of the retired Roman Emperor Events 536 - Byzantine General Belisarius enters Rome while the Ostrogothic garrison peacefully leaves the city History See also History of the Papacy Catholics recognize the Pope as a successor to Saint Peter, who Jesus named as the "shepherd" and He is generally believed to be the first pope to have died leaving in pectore cardinals unpublished. In pectore ( Latin for "in the breast/heart" is a term used in the Roman Catholic Church to refer appointments to the College of Cardinals
Biography
Giovanni Angelo Medici was born of humble parentage in Milan, unrelated to the Medicis of Florence. Milan (Milano Milan (listen) is one of the largest cities in Italy, located in the plains of Lombardy. Florence ( Italian: Firenze Florentia and Fiorenza) is the Capital City of the Italian region of Tuscany His early career connects itself in some measure with the rise of his elder brother, Gian Giacomo Medici, from the position of a mere bravo to that of Marchese di Marignano. Gian Giacomo Medici (c 1495 &ndash 8 November 1555) was an Italian Condottiero, Duke of Marignano and Marquess of Musso Melegnano (formerly Marignano) is a town in Italy, in the Province of Milan, region of Lombardy.
After studying at Bologna and acquiring a reputation as a jurist, he went in 1527 to Rome, and as the favourite of Pope Paul III was rapidly promoted to the governorship of several towns, the archbishopric of Ragusa, the vice-legateship of Bologna, and in April 1549, to the cardinalate. Bologna (boloɲa from Latin Bononia, Bulåggna in Bolognese dialect is the capital city of Emilia-Romagna in northern Italy JURIST is an online legal news service hosted by the University of Pittsburgh School of Law, written by founder Professor Bernard Hibbitts and a staff of more than Pope Paul III ( February 29, 1468 &ndash November 10, 1549) born Alessandro Farnese, was Pope of the Roman The Roman Catholic Diocese of Dubrovnik is an ecclesiastical territory or Diocese of the Roman Catholic Church in southern Croatia. A cardinal is a senior ecclesiastical official usually a bishop, of the Catholic Church. On the death of Pope Paul IV, he was elected Pope Pius IV on December 25, 1559, and installed on January 6, 1560. Pope Paul IV ( June 28, 1476 &ndash August 18, 1559) né Giovanni Pietro Carafa, was Pope from May 23 Events 274 - Roman Emperor Aurelian Events 1066 - Harold Godwinson is crowned King of England. 1205 - Philip of Swabia becomes King His first public acts of importance were to grant a general pardon to the participators in the riot which had closed the previous pontificate, and to bring to trial the nephews of his predecessor, of whom Cardinal Carlo Carafa was strangled, and Duke Giovanni Carafa of Paliano, with his nearest connections, beheaded. Carlo Carafa (1517-1561 was born at Naples on March 29 1517 into one of the city's most ancient and distinguished families Giovanni Carafa (died 5 March 1561 Duke of Paliano, was a papal nephew and minor Italian prince The process, however, was a clear farce, and Pius V renegated its acts. Pope
On January 18, 1562 the council of Trent, which had been suspended by Pope Julius III, was opened for the third time. Events 350 - Generallus Magnentius deposes Roman Emperor Constans and proclaims himself Emperor The Council of Trent was the 19th Ecumenical Council of the Roman Catholic Church. Pope Julius III ( September 10, 1487 &ndash March 23, 1555) born Giovanni Maria Ciocchi del Monte, was Pope from Great skill and caution were necessary to effect a settlement of the questions before it, inasmuch as the three principal nations taking part in it, though at issue with regard to their own special demands, were prepared to unite their forces against the demands of Rome. Pius IV, however, aided by Moroni and Charles Borromeo, proved himself equal to the emergency, and by judicious management – and concession – brought the council to a termination satisfactory to the disputants and favourable to the pontifical authority. Giovanni Morone or Moroni ( 25 January 1509 - 1 December 1580) was an Italian cardinal. Saint Charles Borromeo (Carlo Borromeo Latinized as Carolus Borromeus) ( October 2 1538 – November 3 1584) is an Its definitions and decrees were confirmed by a papal bull dated January 26, 1564; and, though they were received with certain limitations by France and Spain, the famous Creed of Pius IV, or Tridentine Creed, remained the authoritative expression of the Catholic faith. A Papal bull is a particular type of Letters patent or charter issued by a Pope. Events 1340 - King Edward III of England is declared King of France. This article is about the country For a topic outline on this subject see List of basic France topics. Spain () or the Kingdom of Spain (Reino de España is a country located mostly in southwestern Europe on the Iberian Peninsula. The more marked manifestations of stringency during his pontificate appear to have been prompted rather than spontaneous, his personal character inclining him to moderation and ease.
Thus, a warning, issued in 1564, summoning Jeanne d'Albret, the Queen of Navarre, before the Inquisition on a charge of Calvinism, was withdrawn by him in deference to the indignant protest of Charles IX of France. Jeanne III or Joan III, known as Jeanne d'Albret (7 January 1528 – 9 June 1572 was Queen regnant of Navarre from 1555 to 1572 wife of The term Inquisition can refer to any one of several institutions charged with trying and convicting heretics within the Roman Catholic Church and Calvinism (sometimes called the Reformed tradition, the Reformed faith, or Reformed theology) is a theological system and an approach to the Charles IX (27 June 1550 &ndash 30 May 1574 born Charles-Maximilien, was King of France, ruling from 1560 until his death In the same year he published a bull granting the use of the cup to the laity of Austria and Bohemia. Austria (Österreich ( officially the Republic of Austria (Republik Österreich Bohemia (Čechy; Bohemia Czechy is a historical region in central Europe, occupying the western two-thirds of the traditional Czech Lands, currently the One of his strongest passions appears to have been that of building, which somewhat strained his resources in contributing to the adornment of Rome (including the new Porta Pia and Via Pia, named after him, and the northern extension (Addizione) of the rione of Borgo), and in carrying on the work of restoration, erection, and fortification in various parts of the ecclesiastical states. Porta Pia is a gate in the Aurelian Walls of Rome. Italy. One of Pope Pius IV 's civic improvements to the city it is named after him Rione (plural rioni) is the name given to a ward in several Italian cities the best-known of which is Rome. Borgo (sometimes called also I Borghi) is the 14th historic district ( Rione) of Rome.
On the other hands, others bemoaned the austere Roman culture during this papacy; Giorgio Vasari in 1567 spoke of a time when the grandeurs of this place reduced by stinginess of living, dullness of dress, and simplicity in so many things; Rome is fallen into much misery, and if it is true that Christ loved poverty and the City wishes to follow in his steps she will quickly become beggarly. Saint Charles Borromeo (Carlo Borromeo Latinized as Carolus Borromeus) ( October 2 1538 – November 3 1584) is an A cardinal-nephew (cardinalis nepos cardinale nipote valido de su tío prince de fortune is a cardinal elevated by a Pope who is that cardinal's uncle . . ". [1]
A conspiracy against Pius IV, headed by the Catholic fanatic Benedetto Accolti (a son of a cardinal ousted by Pius III), was discovered and crushed in 1565. Benedetto Accolti may refer to Benedetto Accolti the Elder, Italian jurist and historian Benedetto Accolti the Younger, Italian Roman Catholic
Pius IV, like many of his predecessors and successors, was a nepotist. Among the relatives he favoured, the main figure is that of Carlo Borromeo. Saint Charles Borromeo (Carlo Borromeo Latinized as Carolus Borromeus) ( October 2 1538 – November 3 1584) is an Under his reign Michelangelo re-built the basilica of Santa Maria degli Angeli (in the Diocletian's Baths) and the eponymous Villa Pia, now known as Casina Pio IV and headquarters of the Pontifical Academy of Sciences, was designed by Pirro Ligorio in the Vatican Gardens. Santa Maria degli Angeli e dei Martiri (English St Mary of the Angels and the Martyrs) is a Basilica church in Rome, built inside the frigidarium The Baths of Diocletian ( Thermae Diocletiani) in Rome were the grandest of the public baths or Thermae built by successive emperors The Casina Pio IV (or Villa Pia) is a patrician villa in Vatican City which is now home to the Pontifical Academy of Sciences, the Pontifical Academy The Casina Pio IV (or Villa Pia) is a patrician villa in Vatican City which is now home to the Pontifical Academy of Sciences, the Pontifical Academy The Pontifical Academy of Sciences was founded by the Roman Catholic Church in 1936 under its current name by Pope Pius XI and is placed under the protection of the Pirro Ligorio (c 1510 - October 30, 1583) was an Italian architect painter antiquarian and garden designer
He died on December 9, 1565, and was buried in Santa Maria degli Angeli. Events 536 - Byzantine General Belisarius enters Rome while the Ostrogothic garrison peacefully leaves the city His successor was Pius V. Pope
Sources
- Rendina, Claudio (1984). I papi. Storia e segreti. Rome: Newton Compton.
- Text from the 9th edition (1888) of the Encyclopædia Britannica
- Freedberg, Sydney J. The Encyclopædia Britannica is a general English-language encyclopaedia published by Encyclopædia Britannica Inc (1993). in Pelican History of Art: Painting in Italy, 1500-1600. Penguin Books Ltd, 429.
Notes
- ^ Freedberg SJ, p429
| Roman Catholic Church titles | ||
|---|---|---|
| Preceded by Paul IV |
Pope 1559–65 |
Succeeded by Pius V |
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