| Celestine V | |
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| Birth name | Pietro Angelerio |
| Papacy began | July 7, 1294 |
| Papacy ended | December 13, 1294 |
| Predecessor | Nicholas IV |
| Successor | Boniface VIII |
| Born | 1215 near Isernia, Italy |
| Died | May 19, 1296 Ferentino, Italy |
| Other popes named Celestine | |
| Styles of Pope Celestine V |
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| Reference style | His Holiness |
| Spoken style | Your Holiness |
| Religious style | Holy Father |
| Posthumous style | Saint |
Pope St. Events 1456 - A retrial verdict acquits Joan of Arc of heresy 25 years after her death Events 1294 - Saint Celestine V abdicates the papacy after only five months Celestine hoped to return to his previous life Pope Nicholas IV ( September 30, 1227 &ndash April 4, 1292) born Girolamo Masci, was Pope from February 22, Pope Boniface VIII (c 1235 &ndash October 11, 1303) born Benedetto Caetani, was Pope of the Roman Catholic Church from 1294 Isernia ( Latin: Aesernia or in Pliny and later writers Eserninus, or in the Antonine Itinerary, Serni; Greek Italy (Italia officially the Italian Republic, (Repubblica Italiana is located on the Italian Peninsula in Southern Europe, and on the two largest Events 1535 - French explorer Jacques Cartier sets sail on his second voyage to North America with three ships 110 men and Ferentino is a town and Comune in Italy, in the Province of Frosinone, Lazio, 65 km southeast of Rome. Italy (Italia officially the Italian Republic, (Repubblica Italiana is located on the Italian Peninsula in Southern Europe, and on the two largest A style of office, or honorific, is a term which by Tradition or Law precedes a reference to a person who holds a post or Title, or to the A saint (from the Latin sanctus) is a human being to whom has been attributed (and who has generally demonstrated a high level of Holiness and Sanctity Celestine V (c. 1215 – May 19, 1296), born Pietro Angelerio, also known as Pietro da Morrone (according to some sources Angelario or Angelieri or Angelliero or Angeleri), was elected Pope in the year 1294. Events 1535 - French explorer Jacques Cartier sets sail on his second voyage to North America with three ships 110 men and History See also History of the Papacy Catholics recognize the Pope as a successor to Saint Peter, who Jesus named as the "shepherd" and
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Biography
According to tradition, he was born in 1215 in the village of Sant'Angelo Limosano, in Molise, the son of Angelo Angelerio and Maria Leone. Sant'Angelo Limosano is a Comune (municipality in the Province of Campobasso in the Italian region Molise, located about 15 km northwest Molise is a region of Southern Italy, the second smallest of the regions Recently, the towns of Isernia and Sant'Angelo in Grotte, have been mentioned as his possible birthplaces. Isernia ( Latin: Aesernia or in Pliny and later writers Eserninus, or in the Antonine Itinerary, Serni; Greek Santa Maria del Molise is a town and commune in the Province of Isernia, in the Molise region (southern Italy) His date of birth has been also assigned to 1209.
After his father's untimely death he started to work in the fields. His mother Maria was a key figure in Pietro's spiritual development: she imagined a different future for her deeply beloved son than just becoming a farmer or a shepherd. A farmer is a person who raises living organisms for food or raw materials A shepherd is a person who tends to feeds or guards Sheep, especially in flocks From the time he was a child, he showed great intelligence, and love for his fellow beings. He became a Benedictine monk at Faifoli in the diocese of Benevento when he was seventeen. Benedictine refers to the Spirituality and Consecrated life in accordance with the Rule of St Benedict, written by Benedict of Nursia in MONK is a Monte Carlo software package for simulating nuclear processes particularly for the purpose of determining the neutron multiplication factor or k-effective He showed an extraordinary disposition toward asceticism and solitude, and in 1239 retired to a solitary cavern on the mountain Morrone, whence his name. Ascetic redirects here You might also be looking for Acetic acid. Five years later he left this retreat, and betook himself, with two companions, to a similar cave on the Mountain of Maiella in the Abruzzi region of south Italy, where he lived as strictly as was possible according to the example of St. Italy (Italia officially the Italian Republic, (Repubblica Italiana is located on the Italian Peninsula in Southern Europe, and on the two largest John the Baptist. Saint John the Baptist ( heb. Jochanan ben Sacharja, arab. يحيى Yaḥyā or يوحنا Yūḥanna, aram. Terrible accounts are given of the severity of his penitential practices. Penance is repentance of Sins as well as the proper name of the Catholic and Orthodox Christian Sacrament of Penance and Reconciliation/Confession While living in this manner he founded, in 1244, the order subsequently called after him, the Celestines. Celestines, a branch of the great Benedictine monastic order, founded in 1244
The cardinals assembled at Perugia after the death of Pope Nicholas IV (1288–92) in April of 1292. Perugia is the capital City of the region of Umbria in central Italy, near the Tiber river and the capital of the Province of Perugia Pope Nicholas IV ( September 30, 1227 &ndash April 4, 1292) born Girolamo Masci, was Pope from February 22, Morrone, well known to the cardinals as a Benedictine hermit, sent the cardinals a letter warning them that divine vengeance would fall upon them if they did not quickly elect a Pope. Latino Malabranca, the aged and ill dean of the College of Cardinals cried out, "In the name of the Father, the Son, and the Holy Ghost, I elect brother Pietro di Morrone. The College of Cardinals (verbose Sacred College of the Holy Roman Church, Sancta Romana Ecclesia, S " The cardinals promptly ratified Malabranca's desperate decision. When sent for, Morrone obstinately refused to accept the Papacy, and even, as Petrarch says, attempted flight, until he was at length persuaded by a deputation of cardinals accompanied by the Kings of Naples and Hungary. Francesco Petrarca ( July 20, 1304 – July 19, 1374) known in English as Petrarch, was an Italian scholar Naples ( Napoli, Neapolitan: Nàpule) is a historic City in southern Italy, the Capital of the Hungary (Magyarország 'mɔɟɔrorsaːg) officially in English the Republic of Hungary ( Magyar Köztársaság, literally Magyar (Hungarian Republic Elected July 7, 1294, he was crowned at S. Maria di Collemaggio in the city of Aquila (now called L'Aquila) in the Abruzzi, August 29, taking the name of Celestine V. Events 1456 - A retrial verdict acquits Joan of Arc of heresy 25 years after her death S Maria di Collemaggio is a large medieval church in L'Aquila, celebrated not only for its architecture but also as the site of the original Papal Jubilee, L'Aquila is a city and Comune of central Italy. Laid out within medieval walls on a hill in the wide valley of the Aterno river and surrounded Events 708 - Copper coins are minted in Japan for the first time (Traditional Japanese date: August 10, 708) He issued two decrees – one confirming that of Pope Gregory X (1271–76), which orders the shutting of the cardinals in conclave; the second declaring the right of any Pope to abdicate the Papacy – a right that he himself exercised, at the end of five months and eight days, at Naples on December 13, 1294. Pope A papal conclave is a meeting of the College of Cardinals to elect the Pope (or Bishop of Rome) who is considered by Catholics to be the Successor Papal abdication occurs in the Catholic Church when the Pope resigns his office Events 1294 - Saint Celestine V abdicates the papacy after only five months Celestine hoped to return to his previous life
In the formal instrument of his renunciation he recites as the causes moving him to the step, "the desire for humility, for a purer life, for a stainless conscience, the deficiencies of his own physical strength, his ignorance, the perverseness of the people, his longing for the tranquillity of his former life"; and having divested himself of every outward symbol of dignity, he retired to his old solitude.
Celestine V was not allowed to remain there, however. His successor, Pope Boniface VIII (1294–1303), sent for him, and finally, despite desperate attempts of the former Pope to escape, got him into his hands, and imprisoned him in the castle of Fumone near Ferentino in Campagna, where, after languishing for ten months in that infected air, he died on May 19, 1296. Pope Boniface VIII (c 1235 &ndash October 11, 1303) born Benedetto Caetani, was Pope of the Roman Catholic Church from 1294 Ferentino is a town and Comune in Italy, in the Province of Frosinone, Lazio, 65 km southeast of Rome. Campagna is a small town and Comune of the Province of Salerno, in the Campania region of Southern Italy. Events 1535 - French explorer Jacques Cartier sets sail on his second voyage to North America with three ships 110 men and Some historians believe he might have been murdered by Boniface VIII, and indeed his skull has a suspicious hole. Pope Boniface VIII (c 1235 &ndash October 11, 1303) born Benedetto Caetani, was Pope of the Roman Catholic Church from 1294 He was buried at Ferentino, but his body was subsequently removed to Aquila, where it still lies. L'Aquila is a city and Comune of central Italy. Laid out within medieval walls on a hill in the wide valley of the Aterno river and surrounded Many early commentators and scholars of Dante have thought that the poet stigmatized Celestine V in the enigmatical verse Colui che fece per viltade il gran rifiuto, Who made by his cowardice the grand refusal (Inferno, III, 59). Most later commentators, however, refute such an identification and believe Dante might have intended the verse to refer to Pontius Pilate or someone else. Celestine V, like Pope Celestine I (422–432), is recognized by the Church as a saint. Pope No subsequent Pope has taken the name 'Celestine. '
Although generally deemed a saintly man Celestine V has received some criticism. As mentioned above, in the Divine Comedy Dante might have placed him near the gates of Hell, but not in Hell precisely, because he deemed him indecisive, and also because his resignation led to the reign of Pope Boniface VIII. The Divine Comedy Pope Boniface VIII (c 1235 &ndash October 11, 1303) born Benedetto Caetani, was Pope of the Roman Catholic Church from 1294 Others felt that his austere hermit-like life made him naïve and unsuited for the job as Pope. This criticism may be more fair as he himself wished to retire due to the pressure. Others argue the opposite: his abdication of such immense power, wealth, and material comfort, in pursuit of austere, humble surroundings, was a most pious and admirable sacrifice demonstrating Celestine V's profound and rare degree of spiritual fortitude and virtue.
Another thing he did which may be noted (it seems to be the only instance in the history of the Church) is that he empowered one Francis of Apt, a Franciscan friar, to confer the clerical tonsure and minor orders on Lodovico (who would later become Bishop of Toulouse), the son of the King of Sicily. The term Franciscan is commonly used to refer to members of Catholic Tonsure is the practice of some Christian churches mystics Buddhist novices and Monks and some Hindu temples of cutting the Hair from the The minor orders are the lowest ranks in the Christian clergy. Saint Louis of Toulouse (February 1274 &ndash August 19, 1297) was a cadet of the royal French House of Anjou who was made a Catholic The following is a list of monarchs of Sicily. Counts of Sicily Sicily was granted pending its Christian reconquest to Robert Guiscard as "duke" However, this decree seems not to have been carried out.
The life of Pope Celestine V is dramatised in the plays L'avventura di un povero cristiano (The Story of a Humble Christian) by Ignazio Silone in 1968 and Sunsets and Glories by Peter Barnes in 1990. Story of a Humble Christian (L'avventura di un povero cristiano 1968) is a Historical novel by the Italian writer Ignazio Silone, translated Ignazio Silone ( May 1, 1900 - August 22, 1978) was the pseudonym of Secondo Tranquilli, an Italian author Year 1968 ( MCMLXVIII) was a Leap year starting on Monday (link will display full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. Peter Barnes, ( January 10 1931 &ndash July 1 2004) was an English Olivier Award -winning Playwright and Year 1990 ( MCMXC) was a Common year starting on Monday (link displays the 1990 Gregorian calendar)
See also
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| Roman Catholic Church titles | ||
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| Preceded by Nicholas IV |
Pope 1294 |
Succeeded by Boniface VIII |
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