Just What Is It That Makes Today’s Homes So Different, So Appealing? (1956) is one of the earliest works to be considered pop art. Just what is it that makes today's homes so different so appealing? is a Collage by Richard Hamilton.

Pop art is a visual art movement that emerged in the mid 1950s in Britain and in parallel in the late 1950s in the United States. An art movement is a tendency or style in art with a specific common philosophy or goal followed by a group of artists during a restricted period of time or at least with the heyday The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, commonly known as the United Kingdom, the UK or Britain,is a Sovereign state located The United States of America —commonly referred to as the The coinage of the term Pop Art is often credited to British art critic/curator, Lawrence Alloway in an essay titled The Arts and the Mass Media, although the term he uses is "popular mass culture" ^[1] Nevertheless, Alloway was one of the leading critics to defend mass culture and Pop Art as a legitimate art form. The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, commonly known as the United Kingdom, the UK or Britain,is a Sovereign state located An art critic is a person who specializes in evaluating Art. Their written critiques or reviews are published in newspapers magazines books and on web sites Curator (from Latin cura care means manager overseer. A curator or keeper of a cultural heritage institution (e Lawrence Alloway ( London, 1926 - New York, January 2, 1990) was an English art critic and curator who worked in the United States Pop art is one of the major art movements of the twentieth century. Characterized by themes and techniques drawn from popular mass culture, such as advertising and comic books, pop art is widely interpreted as either a reaction to the then-dominant ideas of abstract expressionism or an expansion upon them. Popular culture (or pop culture) is the Culture — patterns of human activity and the symbolic structures that give such activities significance and importance — Advertising is a form of Communication that typically attempts to persuade potential Customers to Purchase or to consume more of a particular Brand A comic book (often shortened to simply comic and sometimes called a comic paper or comic magazine) is a Magazine or Book of narrative Abstract expressionism was an American post– World War II Art movement. Pop art, like pop music, aimed to employ images of popular as opposed to elitist culture in art, emphasizing the banal or kitschy elements of any given culture. Pop music as a genre features a noticeable rhythmic element catchy melodies and hooks, a mainstream style and conventional structure Kitsch /kɪtʃ/ is a term of German or Yiddish origin that has been used to categorize art that is considered an inferior tasteless copy of an existing It has also been defined by the artists use of mechanical means of reproduction or rendering techniques that down play the expressive hand of the artist. Pop art at times targeted a broad audience, and often claimed to do so.

Much of pop art is considered very academic, as the unconventional organizational practices used often make it difficult for some to comprehend. Academic art is a style of Painting and Sculpture produced under the influence of European academies or universities Pop art and minimalism are considered to be the last modern art movements and thus the precursors to postmodern art, or some of the earliest examples of postmodern art themselves. Minimalism describes movements in various forms of art and design especially Visual art and music, where the work is stripped down to its most fundamental features History of Modern art Roots in the 19th century Although modern Sculpture and Architecture are reckoned to have emerged at the end of the nineteenth Postmodern art is a term used to describe art which is thought to be in contradiction to some aspect of Modernism, or to have emerged or developed in its aftermath ^[2]

Origins

In that it marked a return to sharp paintwork and representational art, pop art was a response to abstract expressionism. Abstract expressionism was an American post– World War II Art movement. ^[3] However, it also was a continuation of certain aspects of abstract expressionism, such as a belief in the possibilities for art, especially for large-scale artwork. ^[3] Similarly, pop art was both an extension and a repudiation of Dadaism. For other meanings see Dada (disambiguation DaDa is a Concept album by Alice Cooper, released ^[3] While pop art and Dadaism explored some of the same subjects, pop art replaced the destructive, satirical, and anarchic impulses of the Dada movement with detached affirmation of the artifacts of mass culture. ^[3]

Pop art in the United States

Drowning Girl (1963). On display at the Museum of Modern Art, New York. The Museum of Modern Art (MoMA is an art museum located in Midtown Manhattan in New York City, USA, on 53rd Street between Fifth

Temporally, the British pop art movement predated the American; however, American pop art has its own origins separate from British pop art. ^[3] During the 1920s American artists Gerald Murphy, Charles Demuth and Stuart Davis created paintings prefiguring the pop art movement that contained pop culture imagery such as mundane objects culled from American commercial products and advertising design. Gerald Clery Murphy ( March 25, 1888 &ndash October 17, 1964) was a Boston-born American artist who was active as a painter in Europe from Charles Demuth ( November 8, 1883 - October 23, 1935) was an American watercolorist who turned to oils late Stuart Davis ( December 7, 1894 &ndash June 24, 1964) was an early American modernist painter. ^[4][5][6]

Pop art in Spain

In Spain, the study of pop art is associated with the "new figurative. " which arose from the roots of the crisis of informalism. Eduardo Arroyo could be said to fit within the pop art trend, on account of his interest in the environment, his critique of our media culture which incorporates icons of both mass media communication and the history of painting, and his scorn for nearly all established artistic styles. Eduardo Arroyo (born February 26, 1937 in Madrid) is a Spanish painter and graphic artist who is also active as an Author "Popular press" redirects here note that the University of Wisconsin Press publishes under the imprint "The Popular Press" However, the Spaniard who could be considered the most authentically “pop” artist is Alfredo Alcaín, because of the use he makes of popular images and empty spaces in his compositions.

Also in the category of Spanish pop art is the “Chronicle Team” (El Equipo Crónica), which existed in Valencia between 1964 and 1981, formed by the artists Manolo Valdés and Rafael Solbes. Valencia ( Valencian: València, Valencia Spanish phonology --> is the capital of the Spanish autonomous Manolo Valdés, born 1942, is a Spanish artist residing in New York working in paint sculpture and mixed media Their movement can be characterized as pop because of its use of comics and publicity images and its simplification of images and photographic compositions.

Filmmaker Pedro Almodovar emerged from Madrid's "La Movida" subculture (1970s) making low budget super 8 pop art movies and was subsequently called the Andy Warhol of Spain by the media at the time. Pedro Almodóvar Caballero (ˈpeð̞ɾo almoˈð̞oβ̞̞aɾ kaβ̞aˈʝeɾo (born September 24, 1949 in Calzada de Calatrava, Spain) is a Spanish Super 8 mm film, also simply called Super 8, is a motion picture film format released in 1965 by Eastman Kodak as an improvement of the In the book "Almodovar on Almodovar" he is quoted saying that the 1950s film "Funny Face" is a central inspiration for his work. One pop trademark in Almodovar's films is that he always produces a fake commercial to be inserted into a scene.

Pop art in Japan

Pop art in Japan is unique and identifiable as Japanese because of the regular subjects and styles. Many Japanese pop artists take inspiration largely from anime, and sometimes ukiyo-e and traditional Japanese art. (anime in Japanese, "pictures of the floating world" is a genre of Japanese woodblock prints (or Woodcuts) and Paintings produced between the 17th The best-known pop artist currently in Japan is Takashi Murakami, whose group of artists, Kaikai Kiki, is world-renowned for their own mass-produced but highly abstract and unique superflat art movement, a surrealist, post-modern movement whose inspiration comes mainly from anime and Japanese street culture, is mostly aimed at youth in Japan, and has made a large cultural impact. is a prolific contemporary Japanese artist who works in both Fine arts media such as painting as well as digital and commercial media Kaikai Kiki Co is an artists' collective founded by the artist Takashi Murakami of Japan. Superflat is a Postmodern art movement founded by the artist Takashi Murakami, which is influenced by Manga and Anime (anime in Japanese, Some artists in Japan, like Yoshitomo Nara, are famous for their graffiti-inspired art, and some, such as Murakami, are famous for mass-produced plastic or polymer figurines. is a contemporary Japanese Pop artist. He currently lives and works in Tokyo, though his artwork has been exhibited worldwide Graffiti (singular graffito; the plural is used as a Mass noun) is the name for images or lettering scratched scrawled painted or marked in any manner on property Many pop artists in Japan use surreal or obscene, shocking images in their art, taken from Japanese hentai. is a Japanese word that in the West is used when referring to sexually explicit or pornographic comics and animation particularly Japanese Anime, This element of the art catches the eye of viewers young and old, and is extremely thought-provoking, but is not taken as offensive in Japan. A common metaphor used in Japanese pop art is the innocence and vulnerability of children and youth. Artists like Nara and Aya Takano use children as a subject in almost all of their art. Aya Takano (タカノ綾 Takano Aya) was born 1976 in Saitama, Japan. While Nara creates scenes of anger or rebellion through children, Takano communicates the innocence of children by portraying nude girls. Nudity is the state of wearing no Clothing. The term' "nudity" can also occasionally be used to refer to wearing significantly less clothing than expected

Paintings and sculpture

Jasper Johns, 1954-1955 Flag	Andy Warhol, 1962 Campbell Soup Cans	Tom Wesselmann, 1962 Still Life	Wayne Thiebaud, 1963 Three Machines
Claes Oldenburg, 1966 Soft Bathtub	David Hockney, 1967 A Bigger Splash	Alex Katz, 1970 Vincent with Open Mouth	Jim Dine, 1984-1985 The Robe Following Her

Notable pop artists

See also

• Op art
• Plop art
• Lowbrow (art movement)
• Figuration Libre (art movement)
• Superflat

References

1. ^ Lawrence Alloway, "The Arts and the Mass Media," Architectural Design & Construction, February 1958. Jasper Johns Jr (born May 15, 1930 in Augusta Georgia) is a contemporary American artist who primarily works in painting and Printmaking For the song by David Bowie, see Andy Warhol (song. Andrew Warhola (August 6 1928 &ndash February 22 1987 known as Andy Warhol Tom Wesselmann ( February 23 1931, Cincinnati - December 17 2004) was an American Pop artist who specialized Wayne Thiebaud (born November 23, 1920) is an American painter whose most famous works are of Cakes pastries, Claes Oldenburg (born January 28, 1929) is a sculptor, best known for his Public art installations typically featuring very large replicas of David Hockney, CH, RA, (born 9 July 1937 is an English Artist, based in Los Angeles California, United States Alex Katz (born July 24 1927) is an American figural Artist associated with the Pop art movement Jim Dine (born June 16, 1935) is an American Pop artist He is sometimes considered to be a part of the Neo-Dada movement Born Barrie Bates in Auckland ( New Zealand) in 1935 Billy Apple is an artist whose work is associated with the New York school of Pop Art Sir Peter Thomas Blake, CBE (born 25 June 1932 in Dartford, Kent) is an English Pop artist best known for his design of the sleeve for British Pop artist Derek Boshier (b Portsmouth 1937 works in various media including painting drawing Collage, photography film and sculpture Patrick Caulfield CBE ( 30 January, 1936 &ndash 29 September, 2005) was an English painter and Printmaker Alan D'Arcangelo (1930-1998 was an American Artist and Printmaker, best known known for his paintings of highways and road signs Jim Dine (born June 16, 1935) is an American Pop artist He is sometimes considered to be a part of the Neo-Dada movement William Eggleston (born July 27 1939) is an American Photographer. Erró (born Guðmundur Guðmundsson in 1932 in Ólafsvík, Iceland) is a Postmodern Artist. Maria Sol Escobar (born May 22, 1930) otherwise known simply as Marisol, is a sculptor born in Paris of Venezuelan Red Grooms (born Charles Rogers Grooms on June 7, 1937) is an American Multimedia Artist best known for his Richard Hamilton (born February 24 1922) is an English painter and Collage artist Keith Haring ( May 4, 1958 – February 16, 1990) was an artist and social activist whose work responded to the New York City David Hockney, CH, RA, (born 9 July 1937 is an English Artist, based in Los Angeles California, United States Robert Indiana (born as Robert Clark, New Castle Indiana, September 13 1928) is an American artist associated with the Jasper Johns Jr (born May 15, 1930 in Augusta Georgia) is a contemporary American artist who primarily works in painting and Printmaking Allen Jones RA (born 1 September 1937) is a British Pop artist best known for his sculptures but also a graphic artist Alex Katz (born July 24 1927) is an American figural Artist associated with the Pop art movement Corita Kent ( November 20, 1918 &ndash September 18, 1986) aka Sister Mary Corita Kent, was born Frances Elizabeth Kent Nicholas Krushenick ( May 31, 1929 &ndash February 5, 1999) was one of the forerunners of the Pop art movement Yayoi Kusama (草間彌生 or 草間弥生 born March 29,1929 is a Japanese artist Roy Fox Lichtenstein (October 27 1923 &ndash September 29 1997 was a prominent American Pop artist his work heavily influenced by both popular advertising and Richard Lindner ( November 11, 1901 &ndash April 16, 1978) was a German-American painter. John McHale (born Maryhill, Glasgow 1922 died HoustonTexas 1978 was an artist a founder member of the Institute of Contemporary Arts, and Peter Max (born Peter Max Finkelstein, October 19, 1937) is a German -born American artist best known for his iconic posters in is a prolific contemporary Japanese artist who works in both Fine arts media such as painting as well as digital and commercial media is a contemporary Japanese Pop artist. He currently lives and works in Tokyo, though his artwork has been exhibited worldwide Claes Oldenburg (born January 28, 1929) is a sculptor, best known for his Public art installations typically featuring very large replicas of Julian Opie (born 1958) is a leading contemporary English artist who uses computerised imagery Eduardo Luigi Paolozzi KBE, FRA ( March 7 1924 &ndash April 22 2005) was a Scottish sculptor Peter Phillips (born May 21 1939) is an English artist who is one of the pioneers of the Pop Art movement Sigmar Polke (born February 13 1941) is a German painter and Photographer. Hariton Pushwagner (born Terje Brofoss in 1940 is a Norwegian Pop art artist Though primarily a figurative painter, Mel Ramos (Born July 24, 1935) has experimented freely with realist and Abstract art forms Larry Rivers ( August 17, 1923 - August 14 2002) was a Jewish American artist musician filmmaker and occasional actor James Rosenquist (born November 29, 1933) is an acclaimed American Artist and one of the protagonists in the Pop-art Edward Ruscha ("roo-SHAY" (born December 16, 1937 Omaha Nebraska) is an American artist associated with the Pop art George Segal ( November 26, 1924, New York - June 9 2000, New Brunswick New Jersey was an American painter and Sculptor Colin Self (b1941 is a British Pop Artist, whose work has addressed the theme of the Cold War. Aya Takano (タカノ綾 Takano Aya) was born 1976 in Saitama, Japan. Wayne Thiebaud (born November 23, 1920) is an American painter whose most famous works are of Cakes pastries, For the song by David Bowie, see Andy Warhol (song. Andrew Warhola (August 6 1928 &ndash February 22 1987 known as Andy Warhol John Wesley was born in Los Angeles, California, in 1928 He is a pop artist. Tom Wesselmann ( February 23 1931, Cincinnati - December 17 2004) was an American Pop artist who specialized Op art, also known as optical art, is a genre of visual Art, especially Painting, that makes use of Optical illusions Op art is also known as Public Art Fund Nancy Rubins by David ShankboneJPG|thumb| Public Art Fund -financed Nancy Rubins sculpture in the middle of Lincoln Center]] Plop art' is a pejorative Lowbrow, or lowbrow art, describes an underground Visual art movement Figuration Libre is a French art movement of the 1980s It is the French equivalent of Bad Painting and Neo-expressionism in America and Europe Junge Superflat is a Postmodern art movement founded by the artist Takashi Murakami, which is influenced by Manga and Anime
2. ^ Harrison, Sylvia (2001-08-27). Pop Art and the Origins of Post-Modernism. Cambridge University Press.  
3. ^ ^{a b c d e} Piper, David. The Illustrated History of Art, ISBN 0753701790, p486-487.
4. ^ New Yorker article, accessed online August 28, 2007
5. ^ Wayne Craven, American Art: History and Culture, p. 464.
6. ^ accessed online August 28, 2007