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Polygonaceae
Polygonum persicaria
Scientific classification
Kingdom: Plantae
Division: Magnoliophyta
Class: Magnoliopsida
Order: Caryophyllales
Family: Polygonaceae
Juss.
Subfamilies
  • Polygonoideae
  • Eriogonoideae


Polygonaceae is a family of flowering plants also known as the "knotweed family" or "smartweed family". Plants are living Organisms belonging to the kingdom Plantae. The flowering plants or angiosperms ( Angiospermae or Magnoliophyta) are the most widespread group Dicotyledons, or "dicots", is a name for a group of Flowering plants whose Seed typically has two embryonic leaves or Cotyledons There Caryophyllales is an order of Flowering plants that includes the cacti, carnations Amaranths Ice plants and most Antoine Laurent de Jussieu ( April 12, 1748 - September 17, 1836) was a French Botanist, notable as the first to propose The name is based on the genus Polygonum. Polygonum is a Genus in the Buckwheat family Polygonaceae. Common names of polygonum species include knotweed, knotgrass Some well known members include Fagopyrum (buckwheat), Rumex (sorrel), Rheum (rhubarb), and Polygonum (knotgrass). The Genus Fagopyrum in the Flowering plant family Polygonaceae contains 15 to 16 species of plants including two important crop plants The docks and sorrels, Genus Rumex L, are a genus of about 200 species of annual, biennial and perennial Rheum is a genus of Perennial plants that grows from thick short Rhizomes The genus is in the family Polygonaceae, and includes the vegetable Polygonum is a Genus in the Buckwheat family Polygonaceae. Common names of polygonum species include knotweed, knotgrass The family is named for the many swollen node joints that some species have; poly means many and goni means knee or joint, though some interpret goni to mean seed, and the name then would refer to the many seeds these plants often produce.

According to the database of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, the family consists of 43 genera, totalling about 1100 species. Numerically the most important are Eriogonum (250 species), Polygonum (200 species), Rumex (200 species), Coccoloba (120 species), and Calligonum (80 species). Eriogonum is the scientific name for a Genus of Flowering plants, in the family Polygonaceae. Polygonum is a Genus in the Buckwheat family Polygonaceae. Common names of polygonum species include knotweed, knotgrass The docks and sorrels, Genus Rumex L, are a genus of about 200 species of annual, biennial and perennial Coccoloba is a Genus of about 120–150 species of Flowering plants in the Family Polygonaceae. Calligonum is a Genus of Plants in the family Polygonaceae with about 80 Species around the Mediterranean, Asia

The family is present worldwide, but are most differentiated in temperate regions.

Contents

Taxonomy

This family is very well-defined and is universally recognised, but its position has been less clear. For example, in the Cronquist system, it was given its own order (Polygonales), but newer systems such as APG treat them as part of the Caryophyllales. A system of plant taxonomy, the Cronquist system is a scheme for the classification of flowering plants (or Angiosperms) Polygonales was an order of Flowering plants, recognized by several older systems, such as the Wettstein system, last revised in 1935 the Engler system Caryophyllales is an order of Flowering plants that includes the cacti, carnations Amaranths Ice plants and most

Polygonaceae can be divided in two subfamilies:

Description

Ochraea of Persicaria maculosa
Ochraea of Persicaria maculosa

Most Polygonaceae are perennial herbaceous plants with swollen nodes, but small shrubs (e. g. Coccoloba) and climbers (e. Coccoloba is a Genus of about 120–150 species of Flowering plants in the Family Polygonaceae. g. Antipogon) are also present.

Leaves of Polygonoideae are simple, arranged alternately on the stems and have a peculiar pair of sheathing stipules known as ocreae. In Botany, a leaf is an above-ground Plant organ specialized for Photosynthesis. In Botany, stipule ( Latin stipula: straw stalk is a term coined by Linnaeus Those species that do not have the nodal ocrea can be identified by having involucrate flower heads. The calyx is petaloid, often in two rows. The flowers are normally bisexual, small in size, actinomorphic with calyxs of 3 or 6 imbricate sepels. After flowering the sepals often become membranous and enlarge around the developing fruit. Flowers lack a corolla and the sepals are petal-like and colorful. The androecium is composed of 3 to 8 stamens that are normally free or united at the base. Flowers with compound pistils composed of three united carpels with one locule - producing a single ovule. The ovary is superior with basal placentation, and 2 to 4 stigmas are produced. [1]

Selected genera

External links

References

  1. ^ Jones, Samuel B. Afrobrunnichia is a Genus of Plants in the family Polygonaceae with two Species in West Africa. Antigonon is a Genus of Plants in the family Polygonaceae with two or three Species of Lianas in Central America. Aristocapsa is a Genus of Plants in the family Polygonaceae with a single Species restricted to California. Atraphaxis is a Genus of Plants in the family Polygonaceae with about 18 Species. The genus Brunnichia also know as redvine or buckwheat vine are perennial woody Vines native to the United States. Calligonum is a Genus of Plants in the family Polygonaceae with about 80 Species around the Mediterranean, Asia Centrostegia is a monotypic Genus of Plants in the family Polygonaceae with a single Species in the southwestern United States and Chorizanthe is a genus of plants in the buckwheat family known generally as spineflowers. Coccoloba is a Genus of about 120–150 species of Flowering plants in the Family Polygonaceae. The monotypic genus Dedeckera contains the single species Dedeckera eurekensis, a plant known by the common name July gold which is Dodecahema is a Genus of Plants in the family Polygonaceae with a single Species restricted to California, where it is an Emex is a genus of annual herbaceous plants of the Polygonaceae family Eriogonum is the scientific name for a Genus of Flowering plants, in the family Polygonaceae. The Genus Fagopyrum in the Flowering plant family Polygonaceae contains 15 to 16 species of plants including two important crop plants Fallopia as described by de Loureiro is a synonym of Grewia. "Fallopia" is also the name of a character on the TV show Saul of the Mole Gilmania luteola (called Golden Carpet or Goldencarpet) is a very rare spring Wildflower found in alkaline salt flats of Death Valley Goodmania is a Genus of Plants in the family Polygonaceae containing the single Species Goodmania luteola. Gymnopodium is a Genus of Plants in the family Polygonaceae with three Species of shrubs in Central America. Harfordia is a Genus of Plants in the family Polygonaceae with a single Species in Baja California. Hollisteria is a Genus of Plants in the family Polygonaceae with a single Species which is endemic to California Knorringia is a Genus of Plants in the family Polygonaceae with a single Species in central Asia. Koenigia as described by Philibert Commerçon is a synonym of Dombeya. Lastarriaea is a Genus of Plants in the family Polygonaceae with three Species. Leptogonum is a Genus of Plants in the family Polygonaceae with three Species on the island of Hispaniola. Mucronea is a Genus of Plants in the family Polygonaceae with two Species restricted to California. Muehlenbeckia or the Maidenhair Genus is native to the Southern hemisphere, especially South America, Papua New Guinea, Australia Nemacaulis is a monotypic plant genus in the buckwheat family containing the single species Nemacaulis denudata, which is known by the common Neomillspaughia is a Genus of Plants in the family Polygonaceae with two Species in Central America. Oxygonum is a Genus of Plants in the family Polygonaceae with about 30 Species. Oxyria is a Genus of Plants in the family Polygonaceae with two Species. Oxytheca is a Genus of Plants in the family Polygonaceae with seven Species found in dry and temperate parts of the Americas Parapteropyrum is a Genus of Plants in the family Polygonaceae with a single Species endemic to Tibet. Persicaria is a Genus of plants in the family Polygonaceae, collectively known as smartweeds or pinkweeds. Podopterus is a Genus of Plants in the family Polygonaceae with about four Species in Mexico and Central America. Polygonella (Michaux 1803 is a genus of family Polygonaceae (Knotweeds and Smartweeds Polygonum is a Genus in the Buckwheat family Polygonaceae. Common names of polygonum species include knotweed, knotgrass Polygonum is a Genus in the Buckwheat family Polygonaceae. Common names of polygonum species include knotweed, knotgrass Pteropyrum is a Genus of Plants in the family Polygonaceae with about five Species in western Asia. Pterostegia is a monotypic plant genus containing only the single species Pterostegia drymarioides, which is known as the woodland threadstem Rheum is a genus of Perennial plants that grows from thick short Rhizomes The genus is in the family Polygonaceae, and includes the vegetable The docks and sorrels, Genus Rumex L, are a genus of about 200 species of annual, biennial and perennial UserPolbot. --> Ruprechtia is a genus of Plant in family Polygonaceae. Stenogonum is a Genus of Plants in the family Polygonaceae with 2 Species endemic to North America. Symmeria is a Genus of Plants in the family Polygonaceae with a single Species distributed in North and South America as Systenotheca is a monotypic plant genus in the buckwheat family containing the single species Systenotheca vortriedei, which is known by the Triplaris is a Genus of Plants in the family Polygonaceae with about 25 Species distributed in the Americas. , and Arlene E. Luchsinger. 1979. Plant systematics. McGraw-Hill series in organismic biology. New York: McGraw-Hill. Page 254. ISBN 0-07032795-5


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